EP2394111A1 - Temperature distribution improvement in refrigerated container - Google Patents
Temperature distribution improvement in refrigerated containerInfo
- Publication number
- EP2394111A1 EP2394111A1 EP10739123A EP10739123A EP2394111A1 EP 2394111 A1 EP2394111 A1 EP 2394111A1 EP 10739123 A EP10739123 A EP 10739123A EP 10739123 A EP10739123 A EP 10739123A EP 2394111 A1 EP2394111 A1 EP 2394111A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fan
- container
- air
- refrigeration machine
- container box
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
- F25D11/003—Transport containers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F2007/005—Cyclic ventilation, e.g. alternating air supply volume or reversing flow direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
- F25D17/005—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces in cold rooms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/06—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation
- F25D2317/068—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans
- F25D2317/0684—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass with forced air circulation characterised by the fans the fans allowing rotation in reverse direction
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to refrigerated containers and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for obtaining a more uniform temperature distribution therein.
- Refrigerated containers are used to transport perishable cargo that requires very tight temperature control.
- the industry standard today is to have the refrigeration machine mounted at one end of the container box.
- the air in the container box is drawn into the refrigeration machine by fans which then blow the warmer air through an evaporator coil, with the cooled air then passing back into the container box to cool the cargo.
- the common problem with this arrangement is that the cargo's temperature tends to be higher towards the back door of the container and away from the refrigeration machine.
- the main reason is due to poor airflow distribution from the front to the back of the container box, with airflow being reduced significantly toward the back door.
- the temperature of the cargo is generally higher as it extends toward the rear door.
- the problem is exacerbated by the fact that the typical perishable cargo gives off heat of its own.
- the direction of the fan rotation is periodically reversed to thereby cause the direction of the airflow from and to the refrigerated container to be reversed to thereby improve the temperature distribution in the container box.
- a plenum is provided at the top of the container box and is closed during the reverse operation in order to increase the airflow speed.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a refrigerated container with the present invention incorporated therein.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration thereof showing the airflow therein during normal operation.
- FIG. 3 is a graphic illustration of the temperature distribution therein during normal operation.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the airflow pattern which results in a refrigerated container when operated in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 5A and 5B are perspective views of a door portion thereof during normal and reverse flow operation thereof.
- a refrigerated container is shown generally at 11 as including a container box 12 having bottom and top sides 13 and 14 and front and rear ends 16 and 17.
- the container box 12 is designed to temporarily hold perishable cargo as shown at 18.
- the refrigeration machine 19 is installed in such a manner as to fluidly communicate with the air in the container box 12 in order to cool that air for the purpose of refrigerating the cargo 18.
- the refrigeration machine 19 includes a standard refrigeration circuit comprising, in serial flow relationship, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device and an evaporator. It is by the flow of the return air from the container box 12 and through the evaporator, that the air in the container box 12 is cooled. Circulation of air through the evaporator and into and out of the container box 12 as shown in Fig. 1 is caused by operation of a fan 21 within the refrigeration machine 19. [0013] As will be seen in Fig.
- the fan 21 is located near a top portion 22 of the refrigeration machine 19 which, during normal operation, acts to draw the return air forwardly along a top portion 23 of the container box 12 and through an open door 24.
- the warm air is then blown through the evaporator coil 24 where the air is cooled, with the cooled air then being discharged from a lower portion 26 of the refrigeration machine 19.
- the cooled air flows rearwardly through a bottom portion 27 of the container box 12 as shown by the arrows.
- the cooler air rises upwardly through a t-bar floor as indicated by the upwardly extending arrows.
- the cooled air passes upwardly through the cargo 18 with heat being transferred thereto from the cargo 18.
- the warmer air then continues upwardly to enter the top portion 23 of the container box 12 to complete the cycle.
- the cooled air travels rearwardly, it gradually becomes warmer such that when it reaches the rear end 17 it is at its higher temperature.
- the velocity of flow will be reduced as its extends toward the rear wall 17. For that reason, a substantial temperature gradient will exist both in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction, within the container box 12. Since the cargo is exposed to this distribution of air for long periods of time such as days or even weeks, the temperature of the cargo 18 within the container box reflects a similar temperature distribution. This cargo temperature distribution is shown in Fig. 3.
- the cooler cargo will be in the lower left portion of the container box and the warmer cargo will be at the upper right portion thereof.
- the perishable cargo temperature distribution in a container determines the shelf life of the cargo.
- the shelf life of the cargo will be variable as indicated by the temperature distribution in Fig. 3. It is thus desirable to eliminate the hot spots and promote a more uniform temperature distribution within the container box 12. This is accomplished by operation of the system as shown in Fig. 4.
- the fan 21 is caused to operate in reverse so as to draw air through the evaporator coil 14 rather than blow air therethrough.
- This causes an associated reversal of airflow through the container box 12 as shown by the arrows. That is, the cooled air from the evaporator coil 24 passes upwardly through the fan 21 and into the top portion 22 of the refrigeration machine 19. From there it passes through the opening 30 and into the top portion 23 of the container box 12 to then flow rearwardly and downwardly as indicated by the arrows. The cooled air passes through the cargo 18 and then downwardly into the bottom portion 27 of the container box 12 before returning forwardly to the bottom portion 26 of the refrigeration machine 19 to complete the cycle.
- This reversal of flow causes mixing of the air within the container box 12 so as to thereby promote a more uniform distribution.
- the door 25 is provided at the front end of the container top portion 23 as shown in Figs. 5 A and 5B. That is, as shown in Fig. 5 A, during normal operation the return airflow causes the door 25 to open and allow the air to flow freely across the entire cross section of the top portion 23 as shown. However, in reverse flow operation, the flow of air will cause the door 25 to be moved to the closed position such that the opening 30 is of reduced cross section as shown in Fig. 5B. This will, in turn, cause the velocity of the airflow therethrough to increase, which will provide better "throw” and further promote mixing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15101609P | 2009-02-09 | 2009-02-09 | |
PCT/US2010/023196 WO2010091181A1 (en) | 2009-02-09 | 2010-02-04 | Temperature distribution improvement in refrigerated container |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2394111A1 true EP2394111A1 (en) | 2011-12-14 |
EP2394111A4 EP2394111A4 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
EP2394111B1 EP2394111B1 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
Family
ID=42542381
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10739123.7A Not-in-force EP2394111B1 (en) | 2009-02-09 | 2010-02-04 | Temperature distribution improvement in refrigerated container |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110283719A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2394111B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102308165B (en) |
DK (1) | DK2394111T3 (en) |
SG (1) | SG173543A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010091181A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100258642A1 (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-10-14 | Newcomer Douglas A | Enviromental control systems and methods of configuring environmental control systems |
EP2601115B1 (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2016-11-23 | Stellenbosch University | Refrigeration transport container |
DE102011075946A1 (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2012-11-22 | BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH | Refrigerating appliance e.g. household refrigerating appliance has control circuit, temperature sensor and timer that are arranged within storage chamber for reversing air circulation direction at operating phase of evaporator |
CN103964088B (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2017-10-31 | 中国国际海运集装箱(集团)股份有限公司 | Ventilation unit and the frozen products insulated container with the ventilation unit |
GB2552084B (en) | 2014-01-29 | 2018-08-01 | Illinois Tool Works | A locker system |
CN104879977A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-09-02 | 株式会社电装 | Apparatus for adjusting temperature and storing |
CN208720605U (en) | 2015-10-09 | 2019-04-09 | Ite株式会社 | System for maintaining refrigerated storage temperature in cold-storage apparatus |
CN105758164A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-13 | 谢东波 | Balanced circulation system for confined space |
CN107401874A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-11-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Container and its air blowing control method |
MY201750A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2024-03-15 | Hitachi Johnson Controls Air Conditioning Inc | Air conditioner |
AR117003A1 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2021-06-30 | Juan Domingo Lombard | METHOD FOR REDUCING THE CHILLING DAMAGE OF A CHANNEL |
DK180928B1 (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-06-29 | Maersk Container Ind A/S | Transport unit and method of controlling an atmosphere therein |
CN111895713A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-11-06 | 卧龙电气驱动集团股份有限公司 | Uniform air outlet device applied to refrigerator air duct and control method |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2498429A1 (en) * | 1981-01-27 | 1982-07-30 | Carboxyque Francaise | IMPROVED REFRIGERATION CHAMBER |
DE3111877A1 (en) * | 1981-03-26 | 1982-10-14 | Kunststoff- und Kältetechnik Großkopf GmbH, 4300 Essen | "REFRIGERATED VEHICLE WITH TWO CHAMBERS" |
US4689533A (en) * | 1985-10-25 | 1987-08-25 | Yang Tai Her | Controlled fan |
GB8706574D0 (en) * | 1987-03-19 | 1987-04-23 | Yang Tai Her | Circulating fan |
US4736597A (en) * | 1987-04-08 | 1988-04-12 | Thermo King Corporation | Transport refrigeration system |
US4936104A (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1990-06-26 | Hicke Gerald E | Air conditioning method and apparatus for refrigerated vehicles |
US4979431A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-12-25 | Mitsui O. S. K. Lines, Ltd. | Gaseous flow construction of box member for refrigerated transportion and box member for refrigerated transportation using the same |
US5319941A (en) * | 1992-09-22 | 1994-06-14 | Trans-Pak, Inc. | System and method for storing perishable products in a refrigerated cargo bay |
US5789007A (en) | 1996-04-24 | 1998-08-04 | Cool Care, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for controlled ripening of fresh produce |
US5809798A (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-09-22 | Cornerstone Technologies, Ltd. | Refrigerated container with controlled air distribution |
US5830057A (en) * | 1996-10-17 | 1998-11-03 | Coldwall Technologies Limited | Integrated temperature-controlled container |
US5816053A (en) * | 1997-05-08 | 1998-10-06 | Cloverdale Foods Company | Apparatus and methods for cooling and tempering processed food products |
US6405543B2 (en) * | 1997-05-16 | 2002-06-18 | Work Smart Energy Enterprises Inc. | High-efficiency air-conditioning system with high-volume air distribution |
JPH10325668A (en) * | 1997-05-28 | 1998-12-08 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Freezing container |
US5867994A (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 1999-02-09 | Kopko; William L. | Dual-service evaporator system for refrigerators |
US5916253A (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 1999-06-29 | Carrier Corporation | Compact trailer refrigeration unit |
US6574970B2 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2003-06-10 | Toc Technology, Llc | Computer room air flow method and apparatus |
US6758057B2 (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-07-06 | Vince, Ii Gerard C. | Bimodal refrigeration system and method |
JP2005257095A (en) * | 2004-03-09 | 2005-09-22 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Vehicle with gas cooler |
CN101198833A (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2008-06-11 | 利勃海尔-家用电器奥克森豪森有限责任公司 | Cooling and/or freezing device |
US7516624B2 (en) * | 2005-06-01 | 2009-04-14 | Weeth Frederic R | Cooling room |
WO2007130020A1 (en) * | 2006-05-01 | 2007-11-15 | Carrier Corporation | Indoor air quality improvement by re-evaporation control |
-
2010
- 2010-02-04 US US13/146,104 patent/US20110283719A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-04 CN CN201080007100.7A patent/CN102308165B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-02-04 WO PCT/US2010/023196 patent/WO2010091181A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-02-04 SG SG2011056272A patent/SG173543A1/en unknown
- 2010-02-04 EP EP10739123.7A patent/EP2394111B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-02-04 DK DK10739123.7T patent/DK2394111T3/en active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010091181A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SG173543A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
EP2394111A4 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
CN102308165A (en) | 2012-01-04 |
EP2394111B1 (en) | 2016-10-12 |
US20110283719A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
DK2394111T3 (en) | 2017-01-23 |
CN102308165B (en) | 2014-06-18 |
WO2010091181A1 (en) | 2010-08-12 |
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