EP2393608B1 - Procédé pour la production de mélange pulvérisable contenant des groupes réticulables protégés - Google Patents

Procédé pour la production de mélange pulvérisable contenant des groupes réticulables protégés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2393608B1
EP2393608B1 EP09796260.9A EP09796260A EP2393608B1 EP 2393608 B1 EP2393608 B1 EP 2393608B1 EP 09796260 A EP09796260 A EP 09796260A EP 2393608 B1 EP2393608 B1 EP 2393608B1
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Prior art keywords
coating
component
subsequent
stream
delivery outlet
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2393608A2 (fr
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John Charles Larson
Robert John Barsotti
Laura Ann Lewin
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Coatings Foreign IP Co LLC
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Coatings Foreign IP Co LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2405—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle
    • B05B7/2429—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle the carried liquid and the main stream of atomising fluid being brought together after discharge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2472—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device comprising several containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2481—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device with a flexible container for liquid or other fluent material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/34—Applying different liquids or other fluent materials simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/04—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge
    • B05B7/0408—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing two or more liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0807—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point to form intersecting jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/08—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point
    • B05B7/0869—Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, i.e. the axis of the jets being parallel, to form intersecting jets, i.e. the axis of the jets converging but not necessarily intersecting at a point the liquid or other fluent material being sucked or aspirated from an outlet orifice by another fluid, e.g. a gas, coming from another outlet orifice
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a painting operation and method for controlling the viscosity of a coating composition wherein the coating composition is a sprayable mixture containing protected crosslinkable groups. This spray-applied mixture subsequently forms a layer of the coating composition which can be dried and cured to form a durable protective coating on a substrate.
  • Automobile coatings typically comprise crosslinked polymer network formed by multiple reactive components.
  • the coatings are typically sprayed onto a substrate such as automobile vehicle body or body parts using a spray device and then cured to form a coating layer having such crosslinked polymer network.
  • pot life In spray technologies currently used, multiple reactive components of a coating composition are mixed to form a pot mix prior to spraying and placed in a cup-like reservoir or container that is attached to a spraying device such as a spray gun. Due to the reactive nature of the multiple reactive components, the pot mix will start to react as soon as they are mixed together causing continued increase in viscosity of the pot mix. Once the viscosity reaches a certain point, the pot mix becomes practically un-sprayable. The possibility that the spray gun itself may become clogged with crosslinked polymer materials is also disadvantageous. The time it takes for the viscosity to increase to such point where spraying becomes ineffective, generally up to a two-fold increase in viscosity, is referred to as "pot life".
  • Long pot life coating mixtures can be produced using crosslinkable groups that are protected.
  • the protected crosslinkable groups do not react to form the crosslinked network until they have undergone a deprotection reaction.
  • Protected crosslinkable groups are able to form pot mixes containing the crosslinkable components, the crosslinking components and the crosslinking catalysts having a long pot life.
  • humidity in the air can be enough to cause the hydrolysis reaction to occur and form a crosslinked network.
  • thinning solvent also known as thinning agent
  • VOC volatile organic compounds
  • Another approach is to mix one or more key components, such as a catalyst, together with other components of the coating composition immediately prior to spraying.
  • a catalyst solution is stored in a separate dispenser and being dispensed and mixed with a liquid coating formulation before the coating formulation is atomized.
  • Yet another approach is to separately atomize two components, such as a catalyst and a resin, of a coating composition, and mix the two atomized components after spray.
  • two components such as a catalyst and a resin
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,824,017 One such example is described in U.S. Patent No. 4,824,017 .
  • such approach requires atomization of two components separately by using separate pumps and injection means for each of the two components.
  • the following disclosure relates to a painting operation and a method for controlling the viscosity of a coating composition wherein said coating composition is a sprayable mixture, said method comprising the steps of:
  • the method may further comprise the steps of:
  • coating composition means a solventborne or waterborne liquid composition that can be applied to a substrate via a spray gun.
  • the coating composition comprises a crosslinkable component and a crosslinking component.
  • Other additives that are used to produce a coating composition are known in the art and, in general, are not discussed herein. Such additives can include organic solvents, aqueous solvents, pigments, rheology control agents, light stabilizers and leveling agents.
  • the coating composition comprises crosslinkable and crosslinking components mixed together to form a pot mix prior to being spray applied using the method described herein. Also described is a coating composition comprising crosslinkable and crosslinking components as separate components that can be applied as separate components using the method described herein.
  • pot mix means a mixture comprising a crosslinkable component and a crosslinking component that is formed prior to spray application.
  • the pot mix can be added to the first storage container (3).
  • Low VOC coating composition means a coating composition that includes less than 0.6 kilograms per liter (5 pounds per gallon), preferably less than 0.52 kilograms per liter (4.3 pounds per gallon) and most preferably, less than 0.42 kilograms per liter (3.5 pounds per gallon), of volatile organic component, such as certain organic solvents.
  • volatile organic component such as certain organic solvents.
  • volatile organic component is herein referred to as VOC. VOC level is determined under the procedure provided in ASTM D3960.
  • the viscosity of a component is measured at the time when the component is initially prepared; the component is stored in a covered container at room temperature for 8, 12 or 16 hours; the viscosity of the component is measured again using the same technique. The difference in the two viscosity measurements should not vary by more than percentages listed above. Several methods to measure the viscosity of a liquid are available. In one embodiment, the Zahn viscosity (in seconds) is measured.
  • Productive paint describes a coating composition wherein an applied layer of the coating composition, 10 to 150 micrometers thick, can be dried and cured, in one embodiment, in less than 20 minutes at 60°C or in less than 90 minutes at room temperature.
  • the 10 to 150 micrometers thick layer of productive paint can be dried and cured in less than 10 minutes at 60°C or in less than 45 minutes at room temperature.
  • the 10 to 150 micrometers thick layer of productive paint can be dried and cured in less than 5 minutes at 60°C or in less than 20 minutes at room temperature. Room temperature being defined as a temperature in the range of from 21°C to 24°C.
  • the coating composition is crosslinked to the point that handling the substrate will not mar the surface, the substrate is dry to the touch and that dirt or dust won't stick to the surface. While some crosslinking has occurred, additional crosslinking can continue over time which will allow for the sanding and/or buffing of the applied layer, if necessary.
  • the sanding and/or buffing operations can occur within one hour of being dried and cured, and more preferably within one-half hour.
  • the phrase "consistent appearance” means that a measured appearance value of a layer of a dried and cured coating composition applied at a time when the painting operation begins, does not vary by a given percentage over the measured appearance value of a layer of the same dried and cured productive paint applied at a time that is 8 hours after the painting operation began.
  • the measured appearance values can be one or more of the distinctness of image (DOI), the long and short wavescan measurements of an applied coating. For the DOI measurement, the percentage change should be less than 10 percent and for the long and short wavescan measurements, the change should be less than 20 percent.
  • DOI distinctness of image
  • the percentage change should be less than 10 percent and for the long and short wavescan measurements, the change should be less than 20 percent.
  • a layer of a coating composition is applied to a first substrate using the method described herein.
  • the applied layer of coating composition is dried and cured and the DOI, long and/or short wavescan measurements of the coating is obtained.
  • a similarly prepared second substrate is coated using the same method and with the same coating composition as was used to coat the first substrate. This second substrate is dried and cured using the same conditions as was used to dry and cure the first substrate.
  • the measured appearance values should not vary by more than the percentages listed.
  • Distinctness of image and the long and short wavescan measurements can be measured using glossmeters or wavescan instruments available from Byk-Gardner USA, Columbia, Maryland.
  • the phrase "good appearance" means that a dried and cured multi-layer of a coating composition applied using the method described herein has a short wavescan measurement of less than 40.
  • the short wavescan is less than 30.
  • the short wavescan is less than 20.
  • the long wavescan can also be measured, and to be considered as having a good appearance, the long wavescan measurement should be less than 15.
  • at least one of the applied primer, basecoat or clearcoat layers should be applied according to the present method.
  • at least the clearcoat composition is applied according to the disclosed method, and in a second embodiment, at least the primer and clearcoat compositions are applied according to the disclosed method.
  • a layer of primer, basecoat and clearcoat compositions are applied using the disclosed method.
  • Crosslinkable component includes a compound, oligomer or polymer having protected crosslinkable functional groups positioned in each molecule of the compound, oligomer, the backbone of the polymer, pendant from the backbone of the polymer, terminally positioned on the backbone of the polymer, or a combination thereof.
  • protected means that the crosslinkable functional groups are not immediately available for curing with the crosslinking groups, but first must undergo a reaction to produce the crosslinkable functional groups.
  • Suitable protected crosslinkable components having protected crosslinkable groups include, for example, amide acetal, orthocarbonate, orthoacetate, orthoformate, spiroorthoester, orthosilicate, oxazolidine or combinations thereof.
  • the protected crosslinkable groups generally are not crosslinkable without an additional chemical transformation.
  • the chemical transformation for these groups can be a hydrolysis reaction that unprotects the group to form a crosslinkable group that can then be reacted with the crosslinking component to produce a crosslinked network.
  • Each one of these protected groups upon the deprotection reaction, forms at least one crosslinkable group.
  • an amide acetal can form an amide diol or one of two amino alcohols.
  • the hydrolysis of an orthoacetate can form a hydroxy group.
  • crosslinkable component can contain compounds, oligomers and/or polymers that have crosslinkable functional groups that do not need to undergo a chemical reaction to produce the crosslinkable group.
  • crosslinkable groups are known in the art and include, for example, hydroxyl, acetoacetoxy, thiol, carboxyl, primary amine, secondary amine, epoxy, anhydride, imino, ketimine, aldimine, silane, aspartate or a suitable combination thereof.
  • Crosslinking component is a component that includes a compound, oligomer or polymer having crosslinking functional groups positioned in each molecule of the compound, oligomer, the backbone of the polymer, pendant from the backbone of the polymer, terminally positioned on the backbone of the polymer, or a combination thereof, wherein these functional groups are capable of reacting with the deprotected crosslinkable functional groups on the crosslinkable component (during the curing step) to produce a coating in the form of crosslinked structures.
  • the crosslinking component can have on an average 2 to 25, preferably 2 to 15, more preferably 2 to 7, and even more preferably 3 to 5 crosslinking groups per molecule.
  • Typical crosslinking components can be selected from a compound, oligomer or polymer having crosslinking functional groups selected from the group consisting of isocyanate, amine, ketimine, melamine, epoxy, carboxylic acid, anhydride, and a combination thereof.
  • a coating composition can further comprise a catalyst, an initiator, an activator or a combination thereof.
  • a catalyst can initiate or promote the reaction between reactants, such as between the deprotected crosslinkable functional groups of a crosslinkable component and crosslinking functional groups of a crosslinking component of a coating composition.
  • the amount of the catalyst depends upon the reactivity of functional groups. Generally, in the range of from about 0.001 percent to about 5 percent, preferably in the range of from 0.01 percent to 2 percent, more preferably in the range of from 0.02 percent to 1 percent, all in weight percent based on the total weight of the crosslinkable component solids, of the catalyst is utilized.
  • catalysts can be used, such as, for example, organotin compounds such as tin catalysts, dibutyl tin dilaurate, tin (II) octanoate; 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, zinc octoate, triphenyl phosphine, quaternary ammonium compounds, strong bases, aluminum halides, alkyl aluminum halides or tertiary amines, such as, triethylenediamine, depending upon the deprotected crosslinkable and crosslinking functional groups.
  • organotin compounds such as tin catalysts, dibutyl tin dilaurate, tin (II) octanoate; 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, zinc octoate, triphenyl phosphine, quaternary ammonium compounds, strong bases, aluminum halides, alkyl aluminum halides or
  • an activator can be used to deprotect the protected crosslinkable groups.
  • Suitable activators include, for example, water, water and acid, organic acids or a combination thereof.
  • water or a combination of water and acid can be used as an activator to deprotect the crosslinkable component.
  • water or water with acid can be an activator for a coating described in PCT publication WO2005/092934, published on October 6, 2005 , wherein water activates hydroxyl groups by hydrolyzing orthoformate groups that block the hydroxyl groups from reacting with crosslinking functional groups.
  • an activator can be a compound, oligomer or polymer containing crosslinkable functional groups that react very quickly with the functional groups of the crosslinking group or the activator can be polymers having a high concentration of crosslinkable groups, for example, non-aqueous dispersion or hyperbranched polymers.
  • Such fast reacting compounds, oligomer or polymers can be added as one of the components described herein to help to build the crosslinked network of the applied layer of coating composition.
  • crosslinkable functional groups that react quickly with a crosslinking component comprising isocyanate groups include, amines and/or aspartates.
  • An initiator can initiate one or more reactions. Examples can include photo initiators and/or sensitizers that cause photopolymerization or curing of a radiation curable coating composition, such as a UV curable coating composition upon radiation, such as UV irradiation. Many photo initiators are known to those skilled in the art and can be suitable for this invention.
  • photo initiators can include, but not limited to, benzophenone, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin-n-butyl ether, benzoin-iso-butyl ether, propiophenone, acetophenone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone, ethylphenylpyloxylate, diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phosphine oxide, phosphine oxide, phenyl bis (2,4,6- trimethyl benzoyl), phenanthraquinone, and a combination thereof.
  • Other commercial photo initiator products, or combinations thereof include, for example, DAROCURE® and IRGACURE® products available from Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation, New York.
  • the crosslinkable components and the crosslinking components can be mixed with the crosslinking catalyst and/or activators immediately prior to spraying.
  • These catalyzed pot mixtures can have a pot life on the order of a few minutes to several hours, after which the viscosity has increased to the point where the spray application of the composition can become difficult.
  • the pot life can depend on the ambient humidity, the amount of water added to deprotect the protected crosslinkable groups and other factors. Too much or too little water available either from the ambient humidity or water added as an activator can impact not only pot life but the rate of curing and the appearance of the dried and cured coating composition.
  • the present disclosure provides a method for controlling the viscosity of a coating composition so that the pot life can be increased over conventional coating practice and that the appearance of the dried and cured coating composition has a consistent appearance during the entire application period.
  • a layer of dried and cured coating composition applied according to the disclosed method can also have a good appearance.
  • One embodiment of the disclosure is directed to a painting operation and a method for controlling the viscosity of a coating composition wherein said coating composition is a sprayable mixture comprising a protected crosslinkable functional group.
  • the coating composition can comprise two or more coating components. The method can comprise the following steps:
  • the method can further comprise the steps of:
  • Any spray gun that can produce a stream of atomized coating composition can be suitable for use with this method.
  • a gravity feed spray gun is preferred.
  • a gravity feed spray gun using a pressurized carrier as an atomization carrier is further preferred.
  • the pressurized carrier can be selected from compressed air, compressed gas, compressed gas mixture, or a combination thereof. Typically, the pressurized carrier can be compressed air.
  • a spray gun comprises a spray gun body (1), a nozzle assembly (2) including an orifice (13) and an air cap (24), a carrier coupling (12) for coupling to a source of a pressurized carrier, such as compressed air, an air regulator assembly (25) for regulating flow rate and pressure of the carrier, a coating flow regulator (21) for regulating the flow of the first coating component that is stored in a main reservoir also known as a first storage container (3), and a first inlet (10) coupling the spray gun (1) to the first storage container (3).
  • the spray gun typically also includes additional controls such as a trigger (22) and a spray fan regulator (20) for regulating compressed air.
  • the first coating component is typically not pressurized and stored in the first storage container (3) which is at atmosphere pressure.
  • the first coating component can be conveyed to the orifice by gravity, siphoning, or a combination of gravity and siphoning.
  • the pressurized carrier can be selected from compressed air, compressed gas, compressed gas mixture, or a combination thereof.
  • the pressurized carrier is compressed air.
  • Compressed gas such as compressed nitrogen, compressed carbon dioxide, compressed fluorocarbon, or a mixture thereof, can also be used.
  • the compressed carrier can also include gases produced from compressed liquids, solids, or reactions from liquids or solids.
  • the coating composition can be a primer, a basecoat, a pigmented basecoat, or a clearcoat composition.
  • the coating layer formed therefrom can be a primer layer, a basecoat layer, a pigmented basecoat layer, or a clearcoat layer, respectively.
  • the first coating component can be a pot mix comprising a mixture of the crosslinkable and crosslinking components of a coating composition and the second coating component can include one or more materials selected from a catalyst, an initiator, an activator or a combination thereof.
  • crosslinkable component can be a mixture of compounds, oligomers or polymers containing both hydroxy functional groups and amide acetal functional groups.
  • the crosslinkable component can be a blend of compounds, oligomers and polymers containing hydroxy functional groups and compounds, oligomers and polymers containing orthoacetate functional groups.
  • the crosslinkable component can be the first coating component, the crosslinking component can be the second coating component and a subsequent coating component can be added that can be a catalyst, activator and/or initiator, or the crosslinking component can be the first coating component, the crosslinkable component can be the second coating component and, a subsequent coating component can be added that can be a catalyst, activator and/or initiator.
  • the first coating component can comprise a mixture of protected crosslinkable functional groups and crosslinking components and the second coating component can comprise water and/or acid to unprotect the protected crosslinkable groups and subsequent coating components can be added which include one or more of a catalyst, activator, and/or initiator.
  • the first coating component can comprise the protected crosslinkable groups
  • the second coating component can comprise the crosslinking groups
  • subsequent coating components can include water and/or acid; catalysts; activators and/or initiators.
  • the crosslinking reactions used to form the crosslinked network can be addition reactions from the polymerization of unsaturated double bonds using any of the disclosed initiators, condensation reactions resulting from the condensation of, for example, a deprotected crosslinkable functional group and an isocyanate group, or a combination of addition and condensation reactions can form the crosslinked network.
  • Examples of the protected crosslinkable groups and the crosslinkable groups that are produced after being unprotected are listed in Table 1.
  • the crosslinkable groups attained after unprotecting can determine the crosslinking groups that can be suitable for use with each protected crosslinkable group.
  • TABLE 1 Protected Crosslinkable group Crosslinkable groups attained after unprotecting Amide acetal Amide diol and/or amino alcohols Orthocarbonate Hydroxyl Spiroorthocarbonate Hydroxyl Orthoacetate/orthoformate Hydroxyl orthosilicate Silanol oxazolidine Amine and alcohol
  • the current method refers to a painting operation and helps to control the viscosity of a coating composition wherein said coating composition is a sprayable mixture. Controlling the viscosity of the coating composition prior to applying to the substrate helps to maintain a consistent appearance of the subsequently cured coating composition over the entire application period.
  • the disclosed method for controlling the viscosity of a coating composition can result in a layer of a dried and cured coating composition having a consistent appearance.
  • the disclosed method can use a productive paint and provide a layer of a dried and cured coating composition having a consistent appearance.
  • the length of time that it takes to apply the coating composition according to the present method is not particularly critical, and can generally range from several minutes to 8 or more hours. While the method can be used in any painting operation, it can be suitable to use in the automobile refinish, the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) aviation, heavy duty truck and marine industries, and many other industries that apply coating to substrates.
  • OEM original equipment manufacturer
  • the method, as described herein, can be applicable in many commercial painting industries.
  • a quick curing coating is desired so as to maximize production output.
  • quick curing compositions are produced by increasing the amount of catalyst added to the pot mix, which results in short pot life.
  • the pot mix viscosity remains substantially constant during the application, because the catalyst is not added until the atomization step.
  • the substrates can be very large. To coat such large areas, a long pot life composition is needed.
  • pot mixes with low levels of catalysts are able to provide the necessary pot life.
  • a low catalyst level results in a long cure time, which is undesirable.
  • the method as described herein can provide the desired long pot life and also a relatively quick cure.
  • a very low VOC coating is desired due to the expensive solvent/air separation techniques necessary to comply with environmental regulations.
  • These low VOC coatings typically have a short pot life.
  • the current method can provide for low VOC compositions and extended pot life.
  • large amounts of pigments and/or fillers are necessary to give the coatings the desired properties and the pigments and/or fillers can affect the catalyst activity over time due to the absorption of the catalyst onto the pigment/filler surface. This can result in inconsistent curing and pot life issues.
  • Adding the catalyst at the atomization stage reduces the absorption of the catalyst onto the pigment/filler surface which can help to eliminate the curing and pot life issues. It is also known that catalysts and other ingredients that are typically added to clearcoat compositions can lead to the discoloration of the uncured compositions prior to application. The discoloration is often seen as a yellowing of the clearcoat compositions on storage.
  • the present method can be used to add the catalysts and other ingredients during the spraying operation so that there is no color development prior to the application of the composition.
  • the one or more components of the second coating component can be siphoned separately such as in the configurations shown in Figures 9A , 10C , 10E or 10H .
  • the one or more sub-components of the second coating component can be siphoned together such as in the configurations shown in Figure 10B .
  • the second coating component can be siphoned from at least one delivery outlet (14) with a siphoning stream selected from the stream of the pressurized carrier, or a combination of the stream of the pressurized carrier and the first atomized stream of the first coating component.
  • the delivery outlet is coupled to a second storage container containing said second component, said orifice being relatively positionable with respect to said delivery outlet.
  • Said delivery outlet and said orifice can be positioned at any relative angles or relative positions such that the siphoning can effectively take place. While not wishing to be bound by any particular theory, "siphoning" is believed to occur when the siphoning stream is moving at high speed at the delivery outlet causing negative air pressure around the delivery outlet.
  • Such negative air pressure is believed to cause the second coating component to be conveyed to the delivery outlet.
  • High velocity of the stream of the pressurized carrier and sudden change in air pressure associated with the negative air pressure at the delivery outlet are believed to cause the second coating component to become atomized and intermixed into the siphoning stream and the first atomized stream of the first coating component.
  • the first and the second coating components can be mixed at a pre-determined mixing ratio to form the coating mixture.
  • the second coating component can also be conveyed to the delivery outlet by gravity or a combination of gravity and siphoning in certain embodiments of configurations disclosed herein.
  • Both the first and the second coating component can be stored in respective storage containers at atmosphere pressure.
  • the second coating component can be siphoned with different siphoning stream.
  • the second coating component can be siphoned primarily by the pressurized carrier moving at high speed in the direction shown by the arrow ( 32 ).
  • Figure 7 shows examples of a delivery device having two delivery outlets.
  • Figure 8 shows examples of a delivery device having one delivery outlet.
  • the pressurized carrier then continues to produce atomized first coating component at the orifice (13).
  • the atomized first and second coating component can be intermixed to form the coating mixture (16) ( Figures 7B and 8B ).
  • the second coating component can be siphoned primarily by a combination of the pressurized carrier moving at high speed in the direction shown by the arrow (32) and the first atomized stream of the first coating component. If the second coating component is not supplied to the delivery outlet, for example, if a regulatory device (32) is turned off, then only the first coating component is atomized (15) ( Figures 7A and 8A ). Flow of the first coating component is indicated by the arrow ( 31 ). Flow of the second coating component is indicated by the arrows ( 30 ).
  • the coating mixture can be applied over a substrate.
  • a painter can hold the spray gun at a certain distance from the substrate and move it in desired directions so the coating mixture can be sprayed over the substrate forming a layer of the coating composition.
  • This invention can further comprise the step of curing the layer of the coating composition on the substrate to form a coating thereon. This curing step can depend upon the coating composition used.
  • the layer can be cured at ambient temperatures, or at elevated temperatures, such as up to 180°C.
  • the curing can also be done by exposing the coating layer to radiation, such as UV light or electron beam, when the coating composition is radiation curable.
  • the substrate can include wood, plastic, leather, paper, woven and nonwoven fabrics, metal, plaster, cementitious and asphaltic substrates, and substrates that have one or more existing layers of coating thereon.
  • the substrate can be a vehicle, vehicle body, or vehicle body parts.
  • the method to control the viscosity of a coating composition can comprise the steps of:
  • the first delivery outlet and the subsequent delivery outlet can be separate delivery outlets or combined into a single delivery outlet.
  • Figures 2C, 2D , 4, 5 , 6 , 7 , 9A show some examples of separate delivery outlets.
  • Figure 9B show one example where two delivery outlets can be combined into a single delivery outlet. Based on disclosure of this invention herein, more delivery outlets and/or different placement and positioning of delivery outlets can be configured by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of this invention.
  • All the components, including the first and the second coating component, and any subsequent component can be stored in respective storage containers at atmosphere pressure.
  • One advantage of this invention is that said atomized first coating component, said atomized second coating component, and any subsequent coating component if present, can be mixed at a pre-determined mixing ratio to form said coating mixture without the need for complex controls such as those described in aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 4,824,017 .
  • the pre-determined mixing ratio can be determined by modulating or selecting the size of the delivery outlet (14), the size of connecting path (11), or by providing a regulatory device such as a flow rate controller functionally coupled to said delivery device, or a combination thereof. It can be configured that one regulatory device can regulate the flow rate of one or more delivery outlets. Mixing ratio can also be controlled by modulating the viscosity of the first, the second or both the first and the second coating components.
  • viscosity of the second coating component can be increased to reduce the amount being siphoned into the coating mixture. In another example, viscosity of the second coating component can be reduced to increase the amount being siphoned into the coating mixture. Similarly, viscosity of the first coating component can be reduced or increased as needed to achieve a desired mixing ratio.
  • mixing ratio can be constant within a wide range of pressures of the pressurized carrier ranging from 1,379 - 5,516 bar (20-80 pounds per square inch gauge (psig)).
  • pressure of the pressurized carrier can be in a range of from 1,724 to 4,826 bar (25 to 70 psig).
  • pressure of the pressurized carrier can be in a range of from 1,931 to 4,482 bar (28 to 65 psig).
  • pressure of the pressurized carrier can be in a range of from 2,068 to 4,137 bar (30 to 60 psig).
  • the mixing ratio can be determined by selecting different sizes of the diameter of the delivery outlet. Coating mixtures formed by using different sizes of the outlets can be sprayed onto suitable substrates. Properties of the coating layers formed thereon can be measured. Based on the property measurement, a suitable size or a range of suitable sizes of the delivery outlets can be selected. In another example, the mixing ratio can be determined by selecting different size of diameter of the connection path.
  • the regulatory device can be selected from a mechanical flow restrictor, an electric flow restrictor, a pressure controlled flow restrictor, an actuated pneumatic flow restrictor, or a combination thereof.
  • a mechanical flow restrictor can include a tube with a pre-determined flow pass diameter that is coupled to the delivery outlet, or a mechanical valve that can control flow passage.
  • Examples of an electronic flow restrictor can include electrical valves or a electrical valve actuator.
  • a pressure controlled flow restrictor can be any mechanical or electric controllers that can control flow based on pressure.
  • a flow rate controller such as a valve or a commercial inline flow controller can be coupled to the delivery outlet to adjust the flow of the second coating component therefore affecting mixing ratio.
  • a flow rate controller can also be a small insert that is placed inside a connection path or a tubing connected to a connection path that is coupled to the delivery outlet. Such an insert can effectively reduce the size of the connection path or the tubing therefore reduces the flow of the second coating component.
  • a size within a suitable range of the delivery outlet can be selected and a valve can be coupled to the delivery outlet so the mixing ratio can be fine tuned.
  • Any flow rate controller that can be coupled to the delivery outlet can be suitable for this invention.
  • a regulatory device can be coupled to a delivery outlet at any places that can effectively regulate flow to that delivery outlet.
  • the regulatory device can be coupled at an intake coupling or be placed in a connection path connecting to that particular delivery outlet.
  • the regulatory device can also be placed at any place along a tubing that delivers the second or the subsequent coating component from its storage container to the intake coupling of the delivery device.
  • Another advantage of this invention is to have fast curing while maintaining extended pot life.
  • short pot life is a challenge when a coating composition is formulated to be fast curing since all components are mixed together in a pot mix and curing reaction starts immediately upon mixing.
  • the coating composition can have extended pot life before spraying since one or more component for cuing, such as a catalyst, is not mixed together.
  • the coating composition can then be cured rapidly after spraying since the second coating component, such as a catalyst, is mixed after atomization during spraying.
  • Yet another advantage of this invention is that some aspects of spraying or the coating property can be modified in an on-demand fashion.
  • curing time of a coating composition can be modulated by modifying the amount of a catalyst mixed into the coating composition during spraying. It can be done by tuning the regulatory device while spraying.
  • the system can comprise:
  • the delivery outlet (14), the intake coupling (8), and the connection path (11) can be constructed as an add-on device affixed to the air cap of the spray gun, or can be constructed into the air cap of said spray gun.
  • Representative examples of the add-on device can include the ones shown in Figures 2A , 3 , 4 , 9A and 9B .
  • the add-on device can be affixed to the air cap using conventional means such as one or more screws, clips, clamps, adhesives, latches, or a combination thereof.
  • Examples of the delivery device constructed into the air cap can include those shown in Figures 2B, 2C and 2D .
  • the delivery device can comprise one delivery outlet, such as those shown in Figures 2A, 2B and 3 .
  • the delivery device can also comprise two or more delivery outlets, such as those shown in Figures 2C, 2D , 4 , and 9A . Two or more delivery outlets can be combined into a single delivery outlet, such as the one shown in Figure 9B .
  • FIGS 2A , 3 , 4 , 9A, and 9B Representative configurations of the add-on device (2D) can be shown in Figures 2A , 3 , 4 , 9A, and 9B .
  • the system can have a single delivery outlet (14), such as shown in Figures 2A , 3 , and 9B ; or two or more delivery outlets (14) as shown in Figures 4 and 9A .
  • a single delivery outlet 14
  • Figure 5 shows an enlarged frontal view of the orifice (13) and two of the delivery outlets (14).
  • Figure 6 shows a cross sectional side view of the delivery device indicating the relative positions of two of the delivery outlets (14) and the orifice (13) wherein each of the delivery outlets (14) is positioned at said orifice (13).
  • the second (or a subsequent) coating component can be siphoned with different siphoning stream.
  • perpendicular relative position is shown in the Figures and examples of this disclosure, the delivery outlet and the orifice can be positioned in any relative positions such that siphoning can effectively take place.
  • a delivery device of this invention can be configured to have multiple intake couplings (8), multiple connection paths (11) or multiple delivery outlets (14) as shown in representative examples in Figures 2C, 2D , 4 , 9A, and 9B .
  • Other examples of configurations are shown in Figures 10A through 10H .
  • two or more connection paths can be combined at a point so the connection paths are connected to a single delivery outlet (14), which can be positioned at the orifice (13).
  • Figure 9B One example is shown in Figure 9B .
  • the one or more intake couplings (8) can be configured to couple with one or more individual storage containers (4) through direct coupling, such as plug on or screwed on, or via connection means such as fixed or flexible tubing. Additional hardware such as one or more "Y" shaped connectors can also be used.
  • FIG. 10 Examples of suitable configurations are shown in Figure 10 : (A) a delivery device having a single delivery outlet/intake coupling that is coupled to a single container; (B) a delivery device having a single intake coupling that is coupled to two individual containers; (C) a delivery device having two outlets/intake couplings that are coupled to two individual containers (shown) or a single container (not shown); (D) - (H) a delivery device having multiple outlets and intake couplings that only some of them are coupled to one or more containers, wherein the other intake(s) can be closed.
  • a delivery device When a delivery device has two or more intake couplings and only one of them is coupled to a container, it is preferred to close the un-coupled intake couplings via conventional means, such as a cap, a plug, or a valve.
  • one or more regulatory devices (32) that controls flow rate such as a valve, an insert, a clamp, or a commercial inline flow controller can be positioned and configured to control flow rate of one or more components at one or more positions.
  • the regulatory device can be selected from a mechanical flow restrictor, an electric flow restrictor, a pressure controlled flow restrictor, or a combination thereof.
  • Figure 11 shows an example of another representative configuration.
  • the container (4) can be connected at the top of the intake coupling (8) via conventional connections, such as a screw connection or a plug-in connection.
  • a regulatory device (32), such as a valve can be placed in the path connecting the container (4) and the intake coupling (8).
  • the regulatory device (32) is a valve has two coupling ends: one coupled to the intake coupling (8) and the other coupled to the container (4).
  • the regulatory device (32) is a valve built in the container that can be coupled to the intake coupling (8).
  • the regulatory device (32) is a valve built in the intake coupling (8) that can be coupled to the container (4).
  • the regulatory device (32) can be turned on or off manually, or by connecting to the trigger (22) mechanically or electronically. It is preferred that the regulatory device (32) can be turned off when the spray gun is not spraying to prevent leaking of the contents in the container (4) and can be turned on to allow the content in the container (4) to flow to the delivery outlet (14).
  • the storage container (4) containing the second or a subsequent coating component can be a flexible container, such as a plastic bag; a fixed-shape container, such as a canister made of metal or hard plastic; or a flexible inner container inside a fixed-shape container, such as a flexible plastic bag placed inside a fixed-shape metal container.
  • a flexible container that can be collapsed easily is preferred.
  • the flexible container can be a collapsible liner that can be sealed and used directly or be placed inside a fixed shape container.
  • the storage container can be transparent or have a transparent window so the level of the content in the container can be readily visible.
  • the storage container can have an indicator to indicate the level of the contents in the container.
  • the storage container can be disposable or reusable.
  • the storage container can be coupled to an intake coupling (8) which is connected to the delivery outlet (14) through a connection path (11).
  • the storage container can be coupled to the intake coupling (8) via conventional means, such as a clip, a clamp, a set of matching screw tracks, or a plug-in.
  • the storage container comprises a tube that can be plugged into the intake coupling (8).
  • the storage container is screwed onto the intake coupling (8) via matching screw tracks.
  • the storage container is plugged into the intake coupling (8) and secured by an additional fastener.
  • the storage container can further have a unidirectional flow limiter (26) to eliminate back flow, wherein said unidirectional flow limiter can only allow the content to flow in one direction, such as only from the container to the delivery outlet. Any back flow can be stopped by the directional flow limiter to avoid potential contamination.
  • ventilation can be provided so the contents in the container can be maintained at atmosphere pressure.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Lors d'une opération de peinture, un procédé de commande de la viscosité d'une composition de revêtement dans lequel ladite composition de revêtement est un mélange pouvant être pulvérisé, ledit procédé comprend les étapes consistant à :
    (A) produire un premier flux atomisé d'un premier composant de revêtement de ladite composition de revêtement à travers un orifice (13) dudit pistolet de pulvérisation avec un flux d'un support pressurisé (32), dans lequel ledit premier composant de revêtement est stocké dans un premier récipient de stockage (3) et transporté grâce à une première entrée dudit pistolet de pulvérisation audit orifice (13) et dans lequel la viscosité dudit premier composant de revêtement reste sensiblement constante avant d'être transporté à travers ladite entrée ;
    (B) produire un deuxième flux atomisé d'un deuxième composant de revêtement de ladite composition de revêtement, dans lequel le deuxième flux atomisé est produit en siphonnant le deuxième composant de revêtement avec un flux de siphonnage choisi parmi le flux du support pressurisé, ou une combinaison du flux du support pressurisé et du premier flux atomisé du premier composant de revêtement, à partir d'au moins une sortie de distribution (14) couplée à un deuxième récipient de stockage (4) contenant ledit deuxième composant de revêtement, ledit orifice (13) pouvant être positionné de manière relative par rapport à ladite sortie de distribution (14) afin de siphonner le deuxième composant de revêtement avec un flux de siphonnage différent dépendant de la position relative entre l'orifice (13) et la sortie de distribution (14) ;
    (C) éventuellement, réguler l'apport du deuxième composant de revêtement à ladite sortie de distribution en couplant un dispositif de réglementation à ladite sortie de distribution ;
    (D) intermélanger le premier flux atomisé et le deuxième flux atomisé afin de former un mélange de revêtement ; et
    (E) appliquer le mélange de revêtement sur le substrat afin de former la couche de ladite composition de revêtement sur celui-ci ; et
    dans lequel la composition de revêtement comprend des groupes fonctionnels réticulables protégés, dans lequel ledit premier composant de revêtement est un mélange d'un composant réticulable et d'un composant réticulable.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdits groupes fonctionnels réticulables protégés sont choisis dans le groupe constitué de l'amide d'acétal, de l'orthocarbonate, de l'orthoester, du spiroorthoester, de l'orthosilicate, de l'ozaxolidine et des combinaisons de ceux-ci.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, dans lequel le premier composant de revêtement comprend en outre des composants réticulables choisis parmi un composé, oligomère ou polymère ayant des groupes fonctionnels réticulables et dans lequel les groupes fonctionnels réticulables sont choisis dans le groupe constitué de l'isocyanate, de l'amine, de la cétimine, de la mélamine, de l'époxy, de l'acide carboxylique, de l'anhydride et d'une combinaison de ceux-ci.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le mélange de revêtement appliqué peut être séché et durci en moins de 20 minutes à 60 °C ou en moins de 90 minutes à température ambiante.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite couche est une couche de primaire, une couche d'apprêt, une couche d'apprêt pigmentée ou une couche de revêtement transparent.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit deuxième composant de revêtement comprend au moins un matériau choisi parmi un catalyseur, un initiateur, un activateur ou une combinaison de ceux-ci.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit deuxième composant de revêtement comprend de l'eau ou de l'eau avec un acide.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit substrat et un véhicule, un corps de véhicule, ou des parties de corps de véhicule.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ledit dispositif de réglementation est choisi parmi un limiteur d'écoulement mécanique, un limiteur d'écoulement électrique, un limiteur d'écoulement à pression contrôlée ou une combinaison de ceux-ci.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre l'étape de durcissement de ladite couche de ladite composition de revêtement sur le substrat afin de former un revêtement sur celui-ci.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant en outre les étapes consistant à :
    (i) produire un flux atomisé supplémentaire d'un composant de revêtement supplémentaire de ladite composition de revêtement, dans lequel le flux atomisé supplémentaire est produit en siphonnant le composant de revêtement supplémentaire avec le flux de siphonnage à partir d'au moins une sortie de distribution supplémentaire couplée à un récipient de stockage supplémentaire contenant ledit composant supplémentaire, ladite sortie de distribution supplémentaire étant positionnée au niveau dudit orifice ;
    (ii) éventuellement, réguler l'apport du composant de revêtement supplémentaire à ladite sortie de distribution supplémentaire en couplant un dispositif de réglementation supplémentaire à ladite sortie de distribution supplémentaire ;
    dans lequel dans l'étape (D) le flux atomisé supplémentaire est également intermélangé afin de former le mélange de revêtement.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel lesdits groupes fonctionnels réticulables protégés sont choisis dans le groupe constitué de l'amide d'acétal, de l'orthocarbonate, de l'orthoester, du spiroorthoester, de l'orthosilicate, de l'ozaxolidine et des combinaisons de ceux-ci.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel ledit deuxième composant de revêtement ou ledit composant de revêtement supplémentaire comprend au moins un matériau choisi parmi un catalyseur, un initiateur, un activateur ou une combinaison de ceux-ci.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 11, dans lequel ledit deuxième composant de revêtement ou ledit composant de revêtement supplémentaire comprend de l'eau ou de l'eau avec un acide.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 11, comprenant en outre l'étape de durcissement de ladite couche de ladite composition de revêtement sur le substrat afin de former un revêtement sur celui-ci.
EP09796260.9A 2008-12-23 2009-12-23 Procédé pour la production de mélange pulvérisable contenant des groupes réticulables protégés Active EP2393608B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US34210008A 2008-12-23 2008-12-23
PCT/US2009/069361 WO2010075488A2 (fr) 2008-12-23 2009-12-23 Procédé pour la production de mélange pulvérisable contenant des groupes réticulables protégés

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EP2393608A2 EP2393608A2 (fr) 2011-12-14
EP2393608B1 true EP2393608B1 (fr) 2020-06-17

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EP (1) EP2393608B1 (fr)
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Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH308965A (de) * 1953-01-09 1955-08-15 Ag Dr A Landolt Spritzpistole.
DE3145390A1 (de) * 1981-11-16 1983-05-26 Beiersdorf Ag, 2000 Hamburg Spritzpistole zum gleichzeitigen verspruehen beider komponenten einer beschichtungsmasse
US4824017A (en) * 1986-07-14 1989-04-25 Glas-Craft, Inc. External mix spraying system
JP2007530734A (ja) 2004-03-22 2007-11-01 イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー 低ｖｏｃ塗料のためのオルトエステル−保護ポリオール
US7028921B2 (en) 2004-06-16 2006-04-18 E.I. Dupont De Nemours And Company Catalyst solution dispenser for a hand-held liquid spraying apparatus
US20100261836A1 (en) * 2007-12-27 2010-10-14 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Method for introducing catalyst into atomized coating composition

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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EP2393608A2 (fr) 2011-12-14
WO2010075488A3 (fr) 2010-09-16
MX2011006741A (es) 2011-07-20

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