EP2391020B1 - Verfahren und einrichtung für effiziente mehrbenutzer-mehrvarianten-parallelübertragung - Google Patents

Verfahren und einrichtung für effiziente mehrbenutzer-mehrvarianten-parallelübertragung Download PDF

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EP2391020B1
EP2391020B1 EP09838685.7A EP09838685A EP2391020B1 EP 2391020 B1 EP2391020 B1 EP 2391020B1 EP 09838685 A EP09838685 A EP 09838685A EP 2391020 B1 EP2391020 B1 EP 2391020B1
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EP2391020A4 (de
EP2391020A1 (de
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Xinrui Ma
Shiping Duan
Yeping Xiao
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WOASIS TELECOMM CO Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0625—Transmitter arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0417—Feedback systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057—Block codes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-ary parallel transmission technology for wireless communication systems, in particular, to a multi-ary coded modulation transmission technology which combined with multi-ary codes based on factor graphs, more particularly, to a method and a device for multi-user multi-ary codes parallel transmission based on the said multi-ary coded modulation.
  • TCM Trellis-coded modulation
  • AWGN AWGN channel
  • Ungerboeck also gave the definition of Euclidean space metrics of good TCM codes in AWGM channel, which is different from the traditional use of Hamming distances as criteria of good codes.
  • Block coded modulation (BCM) based on the same idea uses block codes to replace convolutional codes in TCM.
  • TCM bit-interleaved coded modulation
  • BICM bit-interleaved coded modulation
  • the working principle of BICM is simple. Coded streams of bits run through the bit interleaver, and then are mapped to modulation constellation points by sequence. Here, Gray map is adopted for constellation map.
  • the bit interleaver can be elaborately designed, but a random interleaver is sufficient to secure satisfactory performance.
  • BICM BICM seeks maximized Hamming distances at the cost of some Euclidean distance characteristics, which makes maximum code subsets and high robustness in Rayleigh fading channels; 2) in the case of ideal interleaving, the separation of coder and modulator realizes high flexibility of design.
  • most wireless communications system such as those of 2G, 3G and WiMax, use BICM and coded evolution methods developed on BICM.
  • the mainstream channel codes used in present system are binary codes, such as Turbo codes and LDPC codes.
  • binary codes such as Turbo codes and LDPC codes.
  • bit correlation exists when coded bits are mapped to modulation symbols information may be lost when bit likelihood information is obtained during demodulation. This is an inherent defect of binary codes.
  • Use of methods, such as iterative demodulation and decoding, may partially offsets the loss by increasing complexity and processing time delay.
  • MIMO Multiple-input-multiple-output
  • V-BLAST MIMO multiplexing
  • each antenna at the transmission end sends independent data
  • data received at each antenna at the receiving end is the superposition of all data from the transmission end at the same time.
  • the receiving end uses a certain receiving method which can demodulate data.
  • the capability of channels can be significantly increased, along with increase of the number of antennas.
  • the precondition is that channel conditions are favorable and the spatial channel correlation of MIMO is small.
  • Both binary Turbo codes and LDPC codes can be presented with factor graphs, and decoded with the binary BP (belief propagation) algorithm. While graph structures of multi-ary codes which based on factor graphs, such as multi-ary LDPC codes, multi-ary LDGM codes, and multi-ary RA/iRA codes, are similar to those of binary codes. The difference lies in that different paths correspond to different non-zero factors.
  • the BP algorithm may also be used to decode multi-ary codes on factor graphs. In the case of short- and medium-length blocks, multi-ary codes based on factor graphs have better performance than that of binary codes. Multi-ary codes are used hereinafter to refer to multi-ary codes based on factor graphs.
  • a multi-ary code coding symbol (such as a GF (256) coding symbol) is mapped to 2 modulation symbols (such as 16QAM modulation), and is transmitted with 2 antennas; the receiving end directly get the soft information of the GF (256) coding symbol with the composite signal at each receiving antenna for multi-ary decoding.
  • BICM in the fading channel, because the performance gain from optimal detection can offset the time diversity loss caused by non-bit-interleaving, this makes this option have low detection time delay without loss of optimality.
  • WO-A-2008/045001 discloses a method for data transmission in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system which comprises: receiving multiple input data streams and performing low density parity check (LDPC) encoding of the input data streams utilising a parity check matrix.
  • the parity check matrix comprises a plurality of sub-parity check matrices for encoding respective ones of the input data streams and performing space time encoding for transmitting the LDPC encoded input data streams over a plurality of antennas.
  • WO 2008/082277 A2 describes a method for indicating a combination between a codeword and a layer in a MIMO communication, system, a layer mapping method, and a data transmission method using the same.
  • a minimum number of codeword- layer mapping combinations from among all available combinations based on the numbers of all codewords and all layers are pre-defined in consideration of a ratio of a codeword to a layer, a reception performance of a receiver, and reduction of combinations, so that a data transmission method using the predefined combinations is implemented. If a specific one code word is mapped to at least two layers, a diversity gain can be acquired.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for multi-user multi-ary parallel transmission for wireless communication systems.
  • a method for multi-user multi-ary parallel transmission comprising the following steps:
  • the appropriate mapping rules include: each constellation point on the constellation diagram and all its adjacent constellation points are multiplied by all non-zero elements on GF (q) to calculate the distance between them.
  • mapping relationships may be traversed to the greatest extent, to select the relationship with the longest distance as the final mapping rule.
  • a device for multi-user multi-ary parallel transmission comprising:
  • a wireless communication method for multi-user multi-ary parallel transmission and reception comprising:
  • a wireless communication system comprising:
  • each of the coding means of the multiple GF multi-ary coding devices conducts GP multi-ary coding for corresponding one-channel of data symbols among the m-channel user data symbols in multiple cells, and the N t transmission antennas are obtained by combining antennas of multiple cells for transmission.
  • scenario of one user and one-layer data is the simplest scenario of the present invention.
  • Another scenario of the present invention comprises one user and multi-layer data.
  • Use of the methods and devices of the present invention can not only increase the user data rate, but also avoid interference between cells, and thus increase the system capacity.
  • the MIMO+OFDM (A) technology plays an increasingly important role in the next generation of wireless communication systems.
  • a 3GPP LTE system based on the MIMO+OFDMA technology is used to detail the basic principles, mathematic description and details of implementation of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the QCM transmission framework.
  • the p i bits corresponding to he q i -ary symbols after coding are partitioned and mapped to obtain the bit stream of layer k i .
  • L modulated symbols are obtained after modulation and then go through pre-coding at the dimension of N t ⁇ L.
  • N t symbols are outputted to ports of N t transmission antennas.
  • Figure 2 gives details of the processing of multi-ary symbol partitioning and layer-mapping.
  • E 1 corresponds to a constellation point on the signal constellation diagram at the transmission end. Due to the impact of channels and noise, E 1 deviates from the reference constellation point at the receiving end.
  • mapping rule is the size of its product distance. The larger the product distance, the better the QCM scheme under mapping rule.
  • the 16QAM constellation diagram in Figure 3 is taken as the example used below.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the receiving framework of QCM, and only related MIMO modules such as detection and decoding are given here, other modules such as synchronization and balancing are not marked.
  • the i-th user terminal has N ri receiving antennas, 1 ⁇ i ⁇ m, and each terminal of which work independently. Only receiving by the i-th user is described below, and processing at other users are similar.
  • the receiver takes other channels of data as interference, and only demodulates the i-th channel of signals.
  • the impact of interference signals entering the MIMO detection module can be within the acceptable extent.
  • Y i represents the signal vectors to be demodulated after processing received by N ri antennas.
  • H i represents the equivalent estimated MIMO channels.
  • N i represents equivalent noise vector.
  • the Euclidean distances of all points are used to obtain the likelihood information of symbols.
  • Sphere decoding is a simple-state algorithm which only searches for the overlapping signal points with the minimal Euclidean distances, and its complexity depends on the radius of search. Sphere decoding algorithm can always find the maximal likelihood signals rather than accurate likelihood information of all symbols.
  • MMSE is another detection algorithm with low complexity, its principle is maximization of signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). Because MMSE is a linear detection algorithm, its performance has certain loss.
  • SINR signal to interference plus noise ratio
  • Different multi-ary decoding algorithms require input of different types of symbol likelihood information.
  • the use of the BP algorithm or the FFT-BP algorithm requires input of all normalization symbol probability information of symbol variables.
  • the use of the Log-FFT-BP algorithm or the minimal sum (MS) algorithm requires input of the logarithm likelihood ratio information of symbol variables.
  • the use of the expanded minimal sum (MS) algorithm requires only input of logarithm likelihood ratio information of partial symbol variables.
  • the symbol likelihood information entering the decoder is based on the Euclidean distance Ed j described above.
  • Figure 5 and Figure 6 gives the QCM transmission and receiving frameworks based on MIMO+OFDMA systems.
  • the maximum product distance mapping proposed by the present invention is used for modulation. If the regular Gray mapping is adopted, the BLER performance may be slightly impaired.
  • the total number of mapping layers L is 3.
  • N t the number of transmission antennas
  • P 3 ⁇ 4 pre-coding matrix P
  • Row 1 of the pre-coding matrix P corresponds to the 1 layer of data of user 1
  • rows 2 and 3 corresponds to the 2 layers of data of user 2.
  • the data of the two users arrives at the pre-coding matrix P respectively after multi-ary coding, symbol partitioning, layer-mapping and modulation.
  • the length of each of the three layers of data is N
  • data streams of the 4 channels which with a length of N are output to each antenna ports, where date streams are mapped to corresponding physical time frequency resources and inserted pilot frequency, and then are transmitted after carrying out IFFT.
  • signals are synchronized and estimated at the receiving end after having passed channels, and then the received signals from the two antennas are respectively carried out by a FFT.
  • MIMO detection of 16 dimensions is conducted for signals of each sub-carrier frequency and directly outputs multi-dimensional symbol soft information, which is then de-symbol mapped to obtain the symbol likelihood information of GF(16) for multi-ary code decoding.
  • MIMO detection of 64 dimensions is conducted for signals of each sub-carrier frequency and directly outputs multi-dimensional symbol soft information, which is then de-symbol mapped to obtain the symbol likelihood information of GF(64) for multi-ary code decoding.
  • Decoding can adopt algorithms such as BP, FFT-BP, Log-FFT-BP, MS and EMS, etc.
  • the hard decision outputs the decision symbol after iterative convergence or when the maximum number of iterations is met. Finally, the decision symbol is converted to bit outputs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zur Mehrbenutzer-mehr-stelligen Parallelübertragung, umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    Galoiskörper-mehr-stelliges Kodieren von qi-stelligen Symbolen im i-ten Kanal von GF(gi)-Daten unter m-Kanal-Benutzerdaten, um mehr-stellig kodierte qi-stellige Symbole zu erhalten, wobei qi = 2 pi , 1 ≤ i ≤ m und m>1 gilt;
    Partitionieren und Abbilden von pi-Bits, die den mehr-stellig-kodierten qi-stelligen Symbolen entsprechen, um einen ki-Schicht-Bitstrom für den i-ten Datenkanal zu erhalten, wobei der j-te-Schicht-Bitstrom ptj-Bits enthält und 1 <=j<=j<=kj und ∑ j = 1 k i p ij = p i
    Figure imgb0021
     gilt;
    Modulieren und Abbilden von pij-Bits, die auf den j-ten Schicht-Bitstrom abgebildet werden, auf Konstellationspunkte, um einen Benutzerdatenblock für den i-ten Datenkanal zu erhalten, wobei die Anzahl der modulierten Konstellationspunkte cij = 2 pij ist, und gleichzeitig Datenblöcke von m Benutzern durch ein Schicht-Abbildungsmodul auf L-Schichten abgebildet werden, wobei L = ∑ i = 1 m k i
    Figure imgb0022
     ist und L-Modulationssymbole nach der Modulation erhalten werden;
    Vorkodierung der L-Symbole auf Dimensionen von Nt x L, um Nt-Symbole an Anschlüssen von entsprechenden Nt Übertragungsantennen auszugeben.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei für die pij Bits, die auf jede Schicht abgebildet werden, eine geeignete Abbildungsregel ausgewählt wird, um die pij Bits auf Konstellationen von cij = 2 pij Dimensionen zu modulieren und abzubilden;
    wobei die entsprechenden Abbildungsregeln Folgendes beinhalten:
    jeder Konstellationspunkt im Konstellationsdiagramm und alle seine benachbarten Konstellationspunkte werden mit allen nicht-Null-Elementen auf dem Galoiskörper GF(gi) multipliziert, um den Abstand zwischen ihnen zu berechnen;
    alle möglichen Abbildungsbeziehungen werden im größten Ausmaß durchlaufen, um die Beziehung mit der größten Entfernung als endgültige Abbildungsregel auszuwählen.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei pt Bits, die qi-stelligen Symbolen nach der Kodierung entsprechen, partitioniert und abgebildet werden, um einen ki-Schicht-Bitstrom zu erhalten, umfassend:
    p Bitvektoren, die mit b1b2...bp Bitvektoren für jedes q-stellige Symbol dargestellt werden, werden in k-Schicht-Bitströme aufgeteilt, wobei die Bitströme auf der j-ten Schicht gegeben ist durch b ∑ s = 1 j p s − p j + 1 b ∑ s = 1 j p s − p j + 2 ⋯ b ∑ s = 1 j p s
    Figure imgb0023
     mit 1 ≤ j ≤ k, und jeweils auf entsprechende Schichten abgebildet werden.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei, wenn mehr-stellige Kodes gleichzeitig von mehreren Benutzern in mehreren Zellen gesendet werden, die m-Kanal-Benutzerdatensymbole von mehreren Zellen stammen und die Nt Übertragungsantennen durch Kombinieren von Antennen mehrerer Zellen zur Übertragung erhalten werden.
  5. Vorrichtung zur Mehrfachnutzer mehr-stelligen parallelen Übertragung, umfassend:
    mehrere Galoiskörper-, GF-, mehr-stellige Kodier-Mittel, von denen jedes Galoiskörper-mehr-stellige Kodierung für den entsprechenden i-ten Datenkanal von einkanaligen mehr-stelligen Datensymbolen GF(gi) unter m-Kanal-Benutzerdaten durchführt, um m-Kanal mehr-stellige kodierte mehrwertige Symbole zu erhalten, wobei qi = 2 pi , 1 ≤ i ≤ m und m> 1 gilt;
    mehrere Partitionierungs- und Schicht-Abbildungs-Mittel für mehr-stellige Symbole, von denen jedes einkanalige mehr-stellig kodierte mehr-stellige Symbole unter den mehr-stellig-kodierten m-Kanal-mehr-stelligen Symbolen, die einer mehr-stelligen Kodierung von den entsprechenden Galoiskörper GF(gi)-mehr-stelligen Kodier-Mitteln unterzogen wurden, empfängt, und mehrerer Bits, die den einkanaligen mehr-stellig kodierten Symbolen entsprechen, partitioniert und abbildet, um einen mehrschichtigen Bitstrom für den einkanaligen Kanal und damit m-Mehrschicht-Bitströme zu erhalten;
    mehrere mehrdimensionale Modulationsmittel, die verwendet werden, um jeden mehrschichtigen Bitstrom unter den m mehrschichtigen Bitströmen auf entsprechende Konstellationspunkte zu modulieren und abzubilden, um L-Modulationssymbole für m Benutzer zu erhalten, wobei L = ∑ i = 1 m k i
    Figure imgb0024
     und Ki die i-te Mehr-Schicht von m-Mehr-Schichten ist;
    Vorkodiermittel, die verwendet werden, um eine Vorkodierung der Nt x L-Dimensionen der L-Symbole durchzuführen, um Nt-Symbole an Ports entsprechender Nt Übertragungsantennen auszugeben.
  6. Parallele Übertragungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, wobei jedes der Partitionierungs- und Schichtabbildungsmittel für mehr-stellige Symbole eine Partitionierung und Schichtabbildung von mehr-stelligen Symbolen durch die folgenden Mittel realisiert:
    p Bitvektoren, die mit b1b2...bp Bitvektoren für jedes mehr-stellige Symbol dargestellt werden, werden in k-Schicht-Bitströme aufgeteilt, wobei der Bitstrom auf der j-ten Schicht gegeben ist durch b ∑ s = 1 j p s − p j + 1 b ∑ s = 1 j p s − p j + 2 ⋯ b ∑ s = 1 j p s ,
    Figure imgb0025
     wobei 1 ≤ j ≤ k ist, und jeweils auf entsprechende Schichten abgebildet werden.
  7. Die Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, wobei jedes der Kodierungsmittel der Vielzahl von Galois-Körper-, GF-, mehr-stellige Galois-Körper-, GF-mehr-stellige-Kodierung für entsprechende Einkanal-Datensymbole unter den m-Kanal-Benutzerdatensymbolen in mehreren Zellen ausführt, und wobei die Nt Sendeantennen durch Kombinieren von Antennen mehrerer Zellen zur Übertragung erhalten werden.
  8. Drahtloses Kommunikationsverfahren für Mehrbenutzer mehr-stelliges paralleles Senden und Empfangen, umfassend:
    Durchführen des Mehrbenutzer mehr-stelligen Parallelübertragungsverfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4; und
    ferner umfassend die folgenden Schritte:
    ein Empfänger, der das i-te Nutzdatensignal in den m-Kanal-Nutzdatensignalen über Ni-Empfangsantennen empfängt, wobei 1 ≤ i ≤ m ist;
    nachdem die empfangenen i-ten Nutzdaten synchronisiert und abgeglichen sind, wird das Signal eingeben in ein Multiple-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO)-Erkennungsmodul für die Trennung von überlappenden Signalen und Soft-Symbol-Dekodierung, um die qi-stelligen Symbol-Wahrscheinlichkeitsinformationen zu erhalten und Betrachten der anderen Datenkanäle als Interferenz;
    Rück-Abbilden des qi-stelligen-Symbols auf die qi-stellige Wahrscheinlichkeitsinformationen, um Informationen über die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Eingangssymbols zu erhalten, die für die mehr-stellige-Dekodierung erforderlich sind; Dekodieren der Wahrscheinlichkeitsinformationen der erforderlichen Eingabe zum Erhalten von qi-stelligen Symbolen; und
    Umwandeln der qi-stelligen Datensymbole in entsprechende Datenbits.
  9. Drahtloses Kommunikationssystem, umfassend:
    Die Vorrichtung zur Mehrbenutzer- mehr-stelligen parallelen Übertragung von einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7;
    und
    eine Vorrichtung zum Mehrbenutzer-Parallelempfang, umfassend:
    Antennen zum Empfangen des i-ten Benutzerdatensignals in den m-Kanal-Benutzerdatensignalen, wobei 1 ≤ i ≤ m gilt;
    Mittel zum Synchronisieren und Abgleichen der empfangenen i-ten Nutzdaten;
    Mittel zum Verarbeiten der Trennung von überlappenden Signalen und der Symbol-Softdemodulation der synchronisierten und abgeglichen i-ten Nutzdaten, um die qi-stelligen Symbolwahrscheinlichkeitsinformationen zu erhalten und Betrachten andere Datenkanäle als Interferenz;
    Mittel zum Rück-Abbilden des qi-stelligen-Symbols von der qi-stelligen Wahrscheinlichkeitsinformation, um die für die mehr-stellige Dekodierung erforderlichen Informationen über die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Eingangssymbols zu erhalten;
    Mittel zum Dekodieren der Wahrscheinlichkeitsinformationen der erforderlichen Eingangssymbole, um qi-Stellige Symbole zu erhalten; und
    Mittel zum Umwandeln der qi-stelligen Datensymbole in entsprechende Datenbits.
EP09838685.7A 2009-01-20 2009-12-31 Verfahren und einrichtung für effiziente mehrbenutzer-mehrvarianten-parallelübertragung Not-in-force EP2391020B1 (de)

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EP2391020A4 (de) 2014-07-02
CN101515844A (zh) 2009-08-26
EP2391020A1 (de) 2011-11-30

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