EP2390491A1 - Device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber - Google Patents
Device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2390491A1 EP2390491A1 EP11002655A EP11002655A EP2390491A1 EP 2390491 A1 EP2390491 A1 EP 2390491A1 EP 11002655 A EP11002655 A EP 11002655A EP 11002655 A EP11002655 A EP 11002655A EP 2390491 A1 EP2390491 A1 EP 2390491A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- jet
- fan
- jet nozzles
- channels
- nozzle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1813—Discharge orifices having different orientations with respect to valve member direction of movement, e.g. orientations being such that fuel jets emerging from discharge orifices collide with each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/1846—Dimensional characteristics of discharge orifices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, in particular for injecting fuel into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
- This type of injector was, as from the document DE 44 07 360 A1 emerges, later evolved.
- a corresponding injection nozzle with fan-shaped jet is further developed in that the jet can be rotated in the combustion chamber, so that the injected fuel quantity can be distributed to the desired amount of air.
- a better distribution of the fuel is possible by twisting a fan beam, but this is a corresponding time required.
- For optimal engine operation is a short and complete Combustion advantageous to use the resulting increase in pressure as efficiently as possible.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose a device for injecting fuel, by means of which an improved droplet size distribution and / or fuel distribution in the combustion chamber is possible.
- a device is characterized in that two or more multi-jet nozzles are provided, each with at least two jet channels for generating at least two fuel jets colliding against each other.
- a baffle zone according to the invention is already present when two or more fuel jets only touch or overlap in some regions, which already partly causes the inventive effect.
- a multi-jet nozzle for example a double-jet nozzle, takes advantage of the fine atomization of such nozzles.
- a fine atomization causes a rapid evaporation of the fuel with a largely homogeneous fuel-air mixture ratio.
- the fine atomization provides a large surface area of the liquid fuel which is advantageous for such evaporation.
- the large surface area is also advantageous when the ignition has already taken place, since even with any existing liquid surface of fuel droplets, the combustion proceeds considerably more effectively with a correspondingly large surface area.
- the combustion chamber can be spatially defined and sprayed in a short time, so that in a correspondingly small time interval, a good fuel air distribution in the combustion chamber is reached.
- double-jet nozzles form a fan beam which spans substantially at the angle at which the partial beams impinge on one another.
- colliding occurs a fine atomization, wherein the propagation direction of the fuel droplets almost completely away from the nozzle, which in turn is advantageous for a combustion process, since thus a load on the nozzles by soot or the like particles that may arise during combustion, is avoided .
- a very flat fan beam can be formed by a double jet nozzle, whose extension, e.g. as angular expansion, in the fan plane defined by the two fuel jets is significantly larger than in the transverse direction to this fan level.
- This circumstance can be advantageously used to selectively fill a shallow combustion chamber with a fuel mist.
- an appropriate arrangement of the multi-jet nozzles or double jet nozzles can be achieved in a sense a nearly disc-shaped fuel distribution with very fine atomization. This is particularly advantageous in reciprocating engines, which have such a disc-shaped combustion chamber at the top dead center of the lifting movement.
- Such a quasi disk-shaped fuel distribution is preferably achieved with multiple jet nozzles, the fan levels are aligned substantially parallel to the disk.
- any other fuel distribution can also be achieved by appropriate arrangement of the fan levels.
- a fan level may well be aligned parallel to the cylinder axis or to a center axis of an injector. Even inclined fan levels in oblique angle arrangements are possible.
- different nozzle openings can also Penetration depth of the fuel can be influenced in the combustion chamber.
- different multi-jet nozzles with different nozzle openings can also be used, as are multiple jet nozzles which have jet-dependent different nozzle openings.
- an injection device is provided with a nozzle chamber common to two or more multiple jet nozzles from which the jet channels of the two or more multiple jet nozzles emanate.
- a nozzle chamber common to two or more multiple jet nozzles from which the jet channels of the two or more multiple jet nozzles emanate.
- a closure for the separation of the jet channels of the fuel supply is provided. This allows clocked operation of the injector in a compact design.
- the nozzle chamber is formed with a closure element as a closable blind hole, wherein the jet channels in the flow direction behind the closure element pass through the wall of the nozzle chamber.
- the Beam channels distributed over the peripheral surface of the nozzle chamber arranged to achieve a corresponding good spatial distribution of the spray region of the fuel.
- At least two multi-jet or double-jet nozzles with mutually parallel fan planes are arranged offset transversely to the fan planes.
- adjacent multi-jet nozzles or double jet nozzles can be formed very close to each other.
- an embodiment is possible in which jet channels of two double-jet nozzles intersect in the wall of the injection device, but the intersecting flow channels are separated from one another by this offset.
- the fan levels of all multi-jet or double-jet nozzles are arranged in parallel. This results in a nearly disc-shaped spray area with the advantages indicated above. Although the slight offset between individual fan levels transversely to the fan levels entails a certain height extent of the spray area, it is still a substantially flat pronounced spray area of multiple multi-jet or double jet nozzles in different angular directions possible by such a configuration.
- the multi-jet or double-jet nozzles are arranged so that they are distributed substantially uniformly over an angle of 360 °.
- a flat cylindrical combustion chamber can be sprayed out well.
- orientations of the subject level can be provided, for. B. to achieve a larger volume fuel distribution in depth.
- predetermined free spaces are recessed from the spray area of the multi-jet nozzles.
- This can be advantageous, for example, in the area of inlet or outlet valves or also in the region of a spark plug in order to protect these components against contamination, in particular against coking or sooting.
- the recess from the spray area can be achieved by appropriate spatial arrangement of the multi-jet or double jet nozzles. Also by different angles of the jet channels of a multi-jet or double jet, a specific Area can be excluded from the spray area.
- the angle between the flow channels of a multi-jet nozzle which at the same time forms the impact angle (for example as an angle between two jets) under which the fuel jets produced thereby collide, is preferably selected to be greater than 10 ° or 20 °.
- a particularly good spray pattern has at impact angles between 30 ° and 50 °, z. B. 40 °.
- the impact angle can be adapted to the desired fuel distribution. If, for example, a greater penetration depth is desired in the combustion chamber, then smaller impact angles can be selected. On the other hand, a larger impact angle gives a wider fan beam.
- the distance between the beams to each other and the impact angle, the distance of the baffle zone, d. H. of the place where the rays collide at the impact angle, are set to the nozzle body.
- the injection device according to the invention is well suited for operating pressure differences between the high-pressure side in the interior of the nozzle chamber and the low-pressure side outside greater than 100 bar, preferably greater than 150 bar.
- the desired spray range is formed with a dynamics and atomization that is well suited for operation in an internal combustion engine.
- the distribution and the fineness of the fuel atomization of a device according to the invention can be used even with smaller pressure differences.
- the injection device according to the invention is integrated in an advantageous manner in a so-called injector, which can be mounted as a unit to combustion devices is.
- injectors can for example be mounted in the cylinder head of reciprocating engines. They are preferably electronically controllable in order to carry out the fuel metering in the desired amount in the required time sequence.
- such injectors are connected to a common pressure line (common rail). In principle, however, they can also be provided individually with a corresponding pressure generator (pump / nozzle).
- the invention is basically usable in a variety of combustion processes. These may require continuous or discontinuous combustion. Continuous combustion would be conceivable, for example, when used in turbines or heating burners.
- the arrangement and orientation of the multi-jet nozzles can vary.
- the fan levels of two or more multiple jet nozzles can also be aligned with each other inclined.
- a disc-shaped fuel distribution in the flat combustion chamber at the top dead center of the reciprocating piston is desirable.
- a plurality of multi-jet or double-jet nozzles are advantageously arranged so that they In the mounted state of the injectors spray parallel to the main plane of the combustion chamber.
- the jet channels relative to the axis of the injector and the fuel pressure chamber can also be mounted inclined, so that the emission in the combustion chamber again takes place largely parallel to the main plane of the combustion chamber.
- the injection device 1 according to Fig. 1 comprises a substantially cylindrical injector head 2 with a truncated cone 3 for cross-sectional tapering at the outlet end of the injection device 1, to which a dome-shaped nozzle body 4 connects, which forms a nozzle chamber in its interior.
- the nozzle body 4 is hollow for this purpose and comprises jet channels, which are described in more detail below.
- the injection device 1 is also formed round and centric of a major axis H.
- angular recesses 5 in the nozzle body 4 can be seen in which jet channels 6 open.
- the angular recesses 5 serve to provide a surface arranged at right angles to the respective exit surface for drilling round beam channels 6, 7. This is particularly advantageous if the jet channels 6, 7 are mechanically drilled.
- the diameters of the bores for the jet channels 6, 7 are preferably selected to be clearly ⁇ 500 ⁇ m, for example ⁇ 150 ⁇ m, preferably in the range of 100 ⁇ m.
- Such jet channels offer a good distribution and atomization of the fuel under the operating conditions prevailing in internal combustion engines.
- a nozzle with more than two jets for example a triple jet nozzle, could be used in which three or more jets converge in a common vertex S.
- a third ray could be directed to the vertex S.
- the cross sections of the jet channels (6, 7) are chosen equal in the illustrated embodiment for all multi-jet nozzles 8. However, this can also be varied.
- the cross sections of various flow channels 6, 7 of a multi-jet nozzle 8 can also be chosen differently, as are the cross sections of jet channels 6, 7 of different multi-jet nozzles 8.
- the impact angle ⁇ which at the same time forms the angle between the two beams 6, 7 of a double-jet nozzle and defines the plane of the fan beam 9, should preferably not be too small.
- the fan beams 9 can be generated with parallel fan planes.
- Fig. 5 For example, four double jet nozzles 8 lie in a plane corresponding to the sectional plane V Fig. 4 equivalent. Another four double-jet nozzles 8 are arranged in a plane corresponding to the sectional plane VI in Fig. 4 equivalent. All of these double-jet nozzles are arranged such that their specialist levels are parallel and, in the illustrated embodiment, perpendicular to the main axis H of the injection device 1.
- the fan levels can also be at an angle ⁇ (see Fig. 4 ) are arranged to the main axis H with injection device 1, so that the fan plane or the flat spray pattern, which is generated by the double jet nozzles 8, is also inclined to the main axis H.
- the exact geometric configuration depends, inter alia, on the installation position of an injector head 2 in the respective combustion chamber.
- the use of different ⁇ -angle is conceivable, as for example, based on the angle ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 in FIG. 8a is shown.
- double jet nozzles 8 in two different, offset by the offset or distance A planes V, VI mounted, ie they are arranged transversely to the fan plane of the fan beams 9.
- a larger number of double-jet nozzles can be circumferentially distributed without the jet channels 6, 7 meet in the wall of the nozzle body 4.
- a substantially flat spray pattern is generated by the totality of all double-jet nozzles 8. If necessary, but by a plurality of such levels and / or by a larger offset A and a more extensive in the axial direction, z. B. columnar spray pattern can be generated.
- a blind hole in this embodiment, one speaks of a so-called blind hole nozzle, as in other expression in Fig. 8a is shown.
- a blind hole In a blind hole, a blind hole is closed by a closure element 12, wherein the jet channels 13 remain open with respect to the interior 14 of the nozzle body.
- the interior 14 of the nozzle body forms a certain dead volume.
- an injection device 1 according to the invention can also be designed as a so-called seat hole nozzle, as in Fig. 8b shown.
- the closure element 12 closes immediately the jet channels 13, which accordingly open in the region of the valve seat 15.
- a more uniform injection behavior can be realized in the embodiment as a blind-hole nozzle, which is particularly important for the micro-quantity metering in the pre- and post-injections of internal combustion engines.
- a seat-hole nozzle an uneven spray pattern can occur with small strokes, which is due to production-related tolerances.
- a seat hole nozzle can also provide good results.
- the seat hole nozzle offers the advantage over the blind hole nozzle of a smaller dead volume.
- the dead volume by the arrangement and shape of the closure element, for. B. the Injektornadel 10 can be influenced.
- the injector needle 10 is designed so that it minimizes the dead volume in the region of the nozzle body in the closed state.
- the leadership of the beam channels 13 in the embodiments according to Fig. 8a and 8b is such that they are slightly opposite to the main axis H at an angle. This has the consequence that the spray zone generated by fan nozzles is no longer flat, but slightly pyramidal designed. This may be intended depending on the application.
- a flat spray pattern In a reciprocating engine will usually be strive for a flat spray pattern, as for example in Fig. 9 is shown.
- an injection device 1 according to Fig. 9 with regularly circumferentially distributed double jet nozzles 8 results in a uniform planar distribution of fan beams 9, each narrow narrow zones 15 limit, in which no or little fuel is sprayed.
- the geometry of the spray pattern can be designed defined by arrangement and design of the double jet nozzles 8.
- a smaller impact angle in a double jet nozzle for example, a certain free zone 15 can be increased.
- the free zone 15 can also be designed.
- an entire fan jet 9 can be recessed to save at this point, for example, an inlet or outlet valve or a spark plug from the spray area.
- a correspondingly flat configuration of the spray pattern of the injector 20 is advantageous.
- This in Fig. 10 spray pattern shown corresponds to the spray pattern according to Fig. 9 , as for example, by an injection device according to the Fig. 1 to 6 is achievable.
- the injector 20 projects centrally into the cylinder 16 in parallel and concentric manner.
- the injector 20 may be inclined to the main axis of the cylinder 16 are introduced into the combustion chamber, wherein a corresponding inclination of the fan planes of the double jet nozzles 8 is possible to produce a transverse to the main axis of the cylinder 16 spray pattern.
- the angle would be ⁇ , as in Fig. 4 is drawn, deviating from the right angle to choose.
- the spray pattern can be adapted to the respective combustion chamber of the combustion device.
- Essential for the invention is the fact that with multiple, simultaneously acted multi-jet nozzles, in particular double jet nozzles on the one hand excellent atomization with the smallest droplets and the associated large surface area of the fuel can be achieved, at the same time an excellent adaptation to the geometry of the combustion chamber and thus a very uniform and fast distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamber is possible.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen Brennraum, insbesondere zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Zylinder eines Verbrennungsmotors nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber, in particular for injecting fuel into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of
Einspritzvorrichtungen in Verbrennungskraftmaschinen sind seit langer Zeit bekannt. So wird in der Druckschrift
Diese Art der Einspritzdüse wurde, wie aus der Druckschrift
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff vorzuschlagen, mittels der eine verbesserte Tropfengrößenverteilung und/oder Brennstoffverteilung im Brennraum möglich ist.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a device for injecting fuel, by means of which an improved droplet size distribution and / or fuel distribution in the combustion chamber is possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by a device according to the preamble of
Dementsprechend zeichnet sich eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dadurch aus, dass zwei oder mehrere Mehrfachstrahldüsen mit jeweils wenigstens zwei Strahlkanälen zur Erzeugung wenigstens zweier aufeinander prallender Brennstoffstrahlen vorgesehen sind.Accordingly, a device according to the invention is characterized in that two or more multi-jet nozzles are provided, each with at least two jet channels for generating at least two fuel jets colliding against each other.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Prallzone liegt dabei bereits dann vor, wenn sich zwei oder mehrere Brennstoffstrahlen nur bereichsweise berühren oder überschneiden, wodurch bereits teilweise der erfinderische Effekt verursacht wird.A baffle zone according to the invention is already present when two or more fuel jets only touch or overlap in some regions, which already partly causes the inventive effect.
Durch die Verwendung einer Multistrahldüse, beispielsweise einer Doppelstrahldüse wird der Vorteil der feinen Zerstäubung derartiger Düsen genutzt. Eine feine Zerstäubung bewirkt eine schnelle Verdampfung des Brennstoffs bei weitgehend homogenem Brennstoff-Luft-Mischungsverhältnis. Die feine Zerstäubung bietet eine große Oberfläche des flüssigen Brennstoffs, die für eine solche Verdampfung vorteilhaft ist. Die große Oberfläche ist auch bei bereits erfolgter Zündung von Vorteil, da auch bei etwaiger noch vorhandener flüssiger Oberfläche von Brennstofftröpfchen die Verbrennung bei einer entsprechend großen Oberfläche erheblich wirkungsvoller abläuft.The use of a multi-jet nozzle, for example a double-jet nozzle, takes advantage of the fine atomization of such nozzles. A fine atomization causes a rapid evaporation of the fuel with a largely homogeneous fuel-air mixture ratio. The fine atomization provides a large surface area of the liquid fuel which is advantageous for such evaporation. The large surface area is also advantageous when the ignition has already taken place, since even with any existing liquid surface of fuel droplets, the combustion proceeds considerably more effectively with a correspondingly large surface area.
Durch die Verwendung mehrerer derartiger Mehrfachstrahldüsen kann der Brennraum räumlich definiert und in kurzer Zeit ausgesprüht werden, so dass in einem entsprechend kleinen Zeitintervall eine gute Brennstoffluftverteilung im Brennraum erreicht wird.By using a plurality of such multiple jet nozzles, the combustion chamber can be spatially defined and sprayed in a short time, so that in a correspondingly small time interval, a good fuel air distribution in the combustion chamber is reached.
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass derartige Doppelstrahldüsen einen Fächerstrahl ausbilden, der sich im Wesentlichen unter dem Winkel aufspannt, in dem die Teilstrahlen aufeinander prallen. Beim Aufeinanderprallen erfolgt eine feine Zerstäubung, wobei die Ausbreitungsrichtung der Brennstofftröpfchen nahezu vollständig von der Düse weg weist, was für einen Verbrennungsvorgang wiederum von Vorteil ist, da somit eine Belastung der Düsen durch Ruß oder dergleichen Partikel, die bei der Verbrennung entstehen können, vermieden wird. Es hat sich weiterhin gezeigt, dass durch eine Doppelstrahldüse ein sehr flacher Fächerstrahl ausgeprägt werden kann, dessen Ausdehnung, z.B. als winkelförmige Ausdehnung, in der durch die beiden Brennstoffstrahlen definierten Fächerebene deutlich größer ist als in Querrichtung zu dieser Fächerebene.It has been found that such double-jet nozzles form a fan beam which spans substantially at the angle at which the partial beams impinge on one another. When colliding occurs a fine atomization, wherein the propagation direction of the fuel droplets almost completely away from the nozzle, which in turn is advantageous for a combustion process, since thus a load on the nozzles by soot or the like particles that may arise during combustion, is avoided , It has also been found that a very flat fan beam can be formed by a double jet nozzle, whose extension, e.g. as angular expansion, in the fan plane defined by the two fuel jets is significantly larger than in the transverse direction to this fan level.
Dieser Umstand kann vorteilhafterweise dazu genutzt werden, um einen flachen Brennraum gezielt mit einem Brennstoffnebel zu füllen. Bei entsprechender Anordnung der Mehrfachstrahldüsen bzw. Doppelstrahldüsen kann gewissermaßen eine nahezu scheibenförmige Brennstoffverteilung bei sehr feiner Zerstäubung erzielt werden. Dies ist insbesondere bei Hubkolbenmotoren von Vorteil, die im oberen Totpunkt der Hubbewegung einen solchen scheibenförmigen Brennraum aufweisen.This circumstance can be advantageously used to selectively fill a shallow combustion chamber with a fuel mist. With an appropriate arrangement of the multi-jet nozzles or double jet nozzles can be achieved in a sense a nearly disc-shaped fuel distribution with very fine atomization. This is particularly advantageous in reciprocating engines, which have such a disc-shaped combustion chamber at the top dead center of the lifting movement.
Eine solche quasi scheibenförmige Brennstoffverteilung wird bevorzugt mit Mehrfachstrahldüsen erzielt, deren Fächerebenen im Wesentlichen scheibenparallel ausgerichtet sind.Such a quasi disk-shaped fuel distribution is preferably achieved with multiple jet nozzles, the fan levels are aligned substantially parallel to the disk.
Durch erfindungsgemäße Mehrfachstrahldüsen kann jedoch auch jede andere Brennstoffverteilung durch entsprechende Anordnung der Fächerebenen erzielt werden. So kann eine Fächerebene durchaus auch parallel zur Zylinderachse oder zu einer Mittelachse eines Injektors ausgerichtet sein. Auch geneigte Fächerebenen in schrägen Winkelanordnungen sind möglich.By means of multi-jet nozzles according to the invention, however, any other fuel distribution can also be achieved by appropriate arrangement of the fan levels. Thus, a fan level may well be aligned parallel to the cylinder axis or to a center axis of an injector. Even inclined fan levels in oblique angle arrangements are possible.
Durch unterschiedliche Düsenöffnungen kann auch die Eindringtiefe des Brennstoffs in den Brennraum beeinflusst werden. Dabei können verschiedene Mehrfachstrahldüsen mit unterschiedlichen Düsenöffnungen ebenso Verwendung finden, wie Mehrfachstrahldüsen, die strahlabhängig unterschiedliche Düsenöffnungen aufweisen.By different nozzle openings can also Penetration depth of the fuel can be influenced in the combustion chamber. In this case, different multi-jet nozzles with different nozzle openings can also be used, as are multiple jet nozzles which have jet-dependent different nozzle openings.
Vorteilhafterweise wird eine erfindungsgemäße Einspritzvorrichtung mit einer für zwei oder mehrere Mehrfachstrahldüsen gemeinsamen Düsenkammer versehen, von dem die Strahlkanäle der zwei oder mehreren Mehrfachstrahldüsen ausgehen. Dies ermöglicht eine kompakte Bauform unter Beibehaltung von zwei oder mehreren Mehrfachstrahldüsen oder Doppelstrahldüsen, mit den damit verbundenen Vorteilen einer verbesserten räumlichen Verteilung des Sprühbereichs.Advantageously, an injection device according to the invention is provided with a nozzle chamber common to two or more multiple jet nozzles from which the jet channels of the two or more multiple jet nozzles emanate. This allows a compact design while maintaining two or more multiple jet nozzles or double jet nozzles, with the associated advantages of improved spatial distribution of the spray area.
Vorzugsweise wird bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ein Verschluss für die Trennung der Strahlkanäle von der Brennstoffzufuhr vorgesehen. Dies ermöglicht einen getakteten Betrieb der Einspritzvorrichtung bei kompakter Bauweise.Preferably, in a device according to the invention a closure for the separation of the jet channels of the fuel supply is provided. This allows clocked operation of the injector in a compact design.
In einer Weiterbildung dieser Ausführungsform wird ein gemeinsamer Verschluss für die Brennstoffzufuhr von zwei oder mehreren Mehrfachstrahldüsen vorgesehen. Hierdurch wird der konstruktive Aufwand verringert und wiederum die Möglichkeit einer kompakten Bauweise bei gemeinsamer Taktung der Mehrfachstrahldüsen geschaffen.In a further development of this embodiment, a common closure for the fuel supply of two or more multi-jet nozzles is provided. As a result, the design effort is reduced and in turn created the possibility of a compact design with common timing of the multi-jet nozzles.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die Düsenkammer mit einem Verschlusselement als verschließbares Sackloch ausgebildet, wobei die Strahlkanäle in Strömungsrichtung hinter dem Verschlusselement die Wandung der Düsenkammer durchsetzen.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the nozzle chamber is formed with a closure element as a closable blind hole, wherein the jet channels in the flow direction behind the closure element pass through the wall of the nozzle chamber.
Durch diese Bauweise ist es möglich, eine Vielzahl von Strahlkanälen in der Wandung der Düsenkammer anzubringen, wobei die Brennstoffzufuhr zugleich mit nur einem Verschlusselement taktbar ist.By this construction, it is possible to install a plurality of jet channels in the wall of the nozzle chamber, wherein the fuel supply is simultaneously clocked with only one closure element.
In einer besonderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung werden die Strahlkanäle über die Umfangsfläche der Düsenkammer verteilt angeordnet, um eine entsprechende gute räumliche Verteilung des Sprühbereichs des Brennstoffs zu erzielen.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the Beam channels distributed over the peripheral surface of the nozzle chamber arranged to achieve a corresponding good spatial distribution of the spray region of the fuel.
Vorteilhafterweise werden wenigstens zwei Mehrfachstrahl- oder Doppelstrahldüsen mit zueinander parallelen Fächerebenen quer zu den Fächerebenen versetzt angeordnet. Durch die Maßnahme können benachbarte Mehrfachstrahldüsen oder Doppelstrahldüsen sehr nahe zueinander benachbart ausgebildet werden. Im Extremfall ist eine Ausgestaltung möglich, bei der sich Strahlkanäle zweier Doppelstrahldüsen in der Wandung der Einspritzvorrichtung kreuzen, die sich kreuzenden Strömungskanäle jedoch durch diesen Versatz voneinander getrennt sind.Advantageously, at least two multi-jet or double-jet nozzles with mutually parallel fan planes are arranged offset transversely to the fan planes. By the measure adjacent multi-jet nozzles or double jet nozzles can be formed very close to each other. In an extreme case, an embodiment is possible in which jet channels of two double-jet nozzles intersect in the wall of the injection device, but the intersecting flow channels are separated from one another by this offset.
Grundsätzlich ist es durch die Brennstoffversorgung aus einem gemeinsamen Brennstoffdruckraum zwar ohne Weiteres denkbar, dass sich Strahlkanäle in der Wandung der Düse tatsächlich treffen, d. h. miteinander in Verbindung stehen, da alle von der gleichen Düsenkammer abgehenden Strahlkanäle mit dem gleichen Druck beaufschlagt werden. Für eine definierte Strahlcharakteristik ist jedoch eine entsprechende Führungslänge der Flüssigkeit im Strahlkanal von Vorteil. Insbesondere bei geringen Wandstärken empfiehlt es sich daher, jeden Strahlkanal separat von den anderen Strahlkanälen auszubilden. Dies ist auch unter dem Gesichtspunkt von Vorteil, dass zur Erzeugung der gewünschten Strahlcharakteristik eine hohe Präzision und Güte bei der Fertigung der Strahlkanäle erforderlich ist, die bei separater Herstellung jedes Strahlkanals, beispielsweise durch mechanisches Bohren, aber auch durch andere Fertigungsverfahren besser zu gewährleisten ist.Basically, it is by the fuel supply from a common fuel pressure chamber, although conceivable that jet channels actually meet in the wall of the nozzle, d. H. communicate with each other, since all outgoing from the same nozzle chamber jet channels are subjected to the same pressure. For a defined beam characteristic, however, a corresponding guide length of the liquid in the jet channel is advantageous. In particular, with low wall thicknesses, it is therefore advisable to form each beam channel separately from the other beam channels. This is also advantageous from the viewpoint that to produce the desired beam characteristic high precision and quality in the production of the jet channels is required, which is to ensure better in separate production of each beam channel, for example by mechanical drilling, but also by other manufacturing processes.
Grundsätzlich sind zwar auch schlitzförmige Strahlkanäle denkbar, die ein eher dreidimensionales Sprühbild erzeugen, für die Erzeugung eines flachen Sprühbildes empfiehlt sich jedoch die Verwendung von Rundstrahlen, die durch Strahlkanäle mit rundem Querschnitt zu erzeugen sind.In principle, although slit-shaped jet channels are conceivable, which produce a more three-dimensional spray pattern, for the production of a flat spray pattern, however, the use of round beams, which are to be produced by beam channels with a round cross section, is recommended.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung werden die Fächerebenen aller Mehrfachstrahl- oder Doppelstrahldüsen parallel angeordnet. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein nahezu scheibenförmiger Sprühbereich mit den oben angedeuteten Vorteilen. Der leichte Versatz zwischen einzelnen Fächerebenen quer zu den Fächerebenen bringt zwar eine gewisse Höhenausdehnung des Sprühbereichs mit sich, es ist jedoch nach wie vor ein im Wesentlichen flach ausgeprägter Sprühbereich mehrerer Mehrfachstrahl- oder Doppelstrahldüsen in unterschiedliche Winkelrichtungen durch eine solche Ausgestaltung möglich.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the fan levels of all multi-jet or double-jet nozzles are arranged in parallel. This results in a nearly disc-shaped spray area with the advantages indicated above. Although the slight offset between individual fan levels transversely to the fan levels entails a certain height extent of the spray area, it is still a substantially flat pronounced spray area of multiple multi-jet or double jet nozzles in different angular directions possible by such a configuration.
Bevorzugt werden die Mehrfachstrahl- oder Doppelstrahldüsen so angeordnet, dass sie über einen Winkel von 360° im Wesentlichen gleichförmig verteilt liegen. Hierdurch kann beispielsweise ein flacher zylinderförmiger Brennraum gut ausgesprüht werden.Preferably, the multi-jet or double-jet nozzles are arranged so that they are distributed substantially uniformly over an angle of 360 °. As a result, for example, a flat cylindrical combustion chamber can be sprayed out well.
Wie bereits oben angeführt, können jedoch auch andere Orientierungen der Fächerebene vorgesehen werden, z. B. um eine großvolumigere Brennstoffverteilung in der Tiefe zu erzielen.As already mentioned above, however, other orientations of the subject level can be provided, for. B. to achieve a larger volume fuel distribution in depth.
Dabei können auch unterschiedliche Fächerorientierungen, z. B. kombiniert in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung, bezogen auf die Injektor- oder die Zylinderachse, vorgesehen werden. Auch Zwischenstellungen mit geneigter, schräger Fächerebene, bezogen auf die Injektor- oder Zylinderachse, sind denkbar.It can also different fan orientations, z. B. combined in the vertical and horizontal directions, based on the injector or the cylinder axis, are provided. Also intermediate positions with inclined, oblique fan level, based on the injector or cylinder axis, are conceivable.
Vorzugsweise werden zudem vorbestimmte Freiräume aus dem Sprühbereich der Mehrfachstrahldüsen ausgespart. Dies kann beispielsweise im Bereich von Ein- oder Auslassventilen oder aber auch im Bereich einer Zündkerze von Vorteil sein, um diese Bauelemente vor Verunreinigung, insbesondere vor Verkokung oder Verrußen zu schützen. Die Aussparung aus dem Sprühbereich kann durch entsprechende räumliche Anordnung der Mehrfachstrahl- oder Doppelstrahldüsen erzielt werden. Auch durch unterschiedliche Winkel der Strahlkanäle einer Mehrfachstrahl- oder Doppelstrahldüse kann ein bestimmter Bereich aus dem Sprühbereich ausgeklammert werden.Preferably also predetermined free spaces are recessed from the spray area of the multi-jet nozzles. This can be advantageous, for example, in the area of inlet or outlet valves or also in the region of a spark plug in order to protect these components against contamination, in particular against coking or sooting. The recess from the spray area can be achieved by appropriate spatial arrangement of the multi-jet or double jet nozzles. Also by different angles of the jet channels of a multi-jet or double jet, a specific Area can be excluded from the spray area.
Der Winkel zwischen den Strömungskanälen einer Mehrfachstrahldüse, der zugleich den Prallwinkel (z. B. als Winkel zwischen zwei Strahlen) bildet, unter dem die dadurch erzeugten Brennstoffstrahlen aufeinander prallen, wird bevorzugt größer als 10° oder 20° gewählt. Dies hat sich für die Ausprägung einer fächerförmigen Brennstoffverteilung unter den in Verbrennungsmotoren, insbesondere Hubkolbenmotoren herrschenden Drücken und der entsprechenden Kurzzeitdynamik des Einspritzvorgangs als vorteilhaft erwiesen. Ein besonders gutes Sprühbild hat sich bei Prallwinkeln zwischen 30° und 50°, z. B. 40° ergeben. Der Prallwinkel kann an die gewünschte Brennstoffverteilung angepasst werden. Wird beispielsweise eine größere Eindringtiefe in den Brennraum gewünscht, so können kleinere Prallwinkel gewählt werden. Andererseits ergibt ein größerer Prallwinkel einen breiteren Fächerstrahl.The angle between the flow channels of a multi-jet nozzle, which at the same time forms the impact angle (for example as an angle between two jets) under which the fuel jets produced thereby collide, is preferably selected to be greater than 10 ° or 20 °. This has proven to be advantageous for the expression of a fan-shaped fuel distribution among the pressures prevailing in internal combustion engines, in particular reciprocating piston engines, and the corresponding short-term dynamics of the injection process. A particularly good spray pattern has at impact angles between 30 ° and 50 °, z. B. 40 °. The impact angle can be adapted to the desired fuel distribution. If, for example, a greater penetration depth is desired in the combustion chamber, then smaller impact angles can be selected. On the other hand, a larger impact angle gives a wider fan beam.
Über den Abstand der Strahlen zueinander und durch den Prallwinkel kann darüber hinaus auch der Abstand der Prallzone, d. h. des Ortes, an dem die Strahlen unter dem Prallwinkel aufeinanderprallen, zum Düsenkörper festgelegt werden.In addition, the distance between the beams to each other and the impact angle, the distance of the baffle zone, d. H. of the place where the rays collide at the impact angle, are set to the nozzle body.
Die erfindungsgemäße Einspritzvorrichtung eignet sich beispielsweise gut für Betriebsdruckdifferenzen zwischen der Hochdruckseite im Innern der Düsenkammer und der Niederdruckseite außerhalb größer 100 bar vorzugsweise größer 150 bar. Oberhalb dieser Druckdifferenzen bildet sich der gewünschte Sprühbereich mit einer Dynamik und Zerstäubung, die für den Betrieb in einem Verbrennungsmotor gut geeignet ist. Für den Einsatz in anderen Verbrennungsvorrichtungen können auch bei kleineren Druckdifferenzen die Verteilung und die Feinheit der Brennstoffzerstäubung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung genutzt werden.For example, the injection device according to the invention is well suited for operating pressure differences between the high-pressure side in the interior of the nozzle chamber and the low-pressure side outside greater than 100 bar, preferably greater than 150 bar. Above these pressure differences, the desired spray range is formed with a dynamics and atomization that is well suited for operation in an internal combustion engine. For use in other combustion devices, the distribution and the fineness of the fuel atomization of a device according to the invention can be used even with smaller pressure differences.
Die erfindungsgemäße Einspritzvorrichtung wird in vorteilhafter Weise in einen sogenannten Injektor integriert, der als Baueinheit an Verbrennungsvorrichtungen montierbar ist. Solche Injektoren können beispielsweise in den zylinderkopf von Hubkolbenmotoren montiert werden. Sie sind bevorzugt elektronisch ansteuerbar, um die Kraftstoffdosierung in der gewünschten Menge im erforderlichen zeitlichen Ablauf vorzunehmen.The injection device according to the invention is integrated in an advantageous manner in a so-called injector, which can be mounted as a unit to combustion devices is. Such injectors can for example be mounted in the cylinder head of reciprocating engines. They are preferably electronically controllable in order to carry out the fuel metering in the desired amount in the required time sequence.
In der Regel werden derartige Injektoren an eine gemeinsame Druckleitung (common rail) angeschlossen. Grundsätzlich können sie jedoch auch einzeln mit einem entsprechenden Druckgenerator (Pumpe/Düse) versehen werden.As a rule, such injectors are connected to a common pressure line (common rail). In principle, however, they can also be provided individually with a corresponding pressure generator (pump / nozzle).
Die Erfindung ist grundsätzlich bei einer Vielzahl von Verbrennungsvorgängen verwendbar. Diese können kontinuierliche oder diskontinuierliche Verbrennung erfordern. Eine kontinuierliche Verbrennung wäre beispielsweise beim Einsatz in Turbinen oder Heizungsbrenner denkbar.The invention is basically usable in a variety of combustion processes. These may require continuous or discontinuous combustion. Continuous combustion would be conceivable, for example, when used in turbines or heating burners.
Je nach Anwendungsfall und Form des Brennraums kann die Anordnung und Orientierung der Mehrfachstrahldüsen variieren. So können z. B. mehrere Mehrfachstrahldüsen in Bezug auf eine geometrische Achse des Düsenkörpers in axialer Richtung versetzt und/oder umfangsseitig verteilt angeordnet sein und/oder die Fächerebenen der Mehrfachdüsen quer und/oder parallel und/oder geneigt zur Achse des Düsenkörpers ausgerichtet sein. Die Fächerebenen zweier oder mehrerer Mehrfachstrahldüsen können auch zueinander geneigt ausgerichtet sein.Depending on the application and the shape of the combustion chamber, the arrangement and orientation of the multi-jet nozzles can vary. So z. B. multiple multi-jet nozzles offset with respect to a geometric axis of the nozzle body in the axial direction and / or arranged circumferentially distributed and / or the fan levels of the multiple nozzles transversely and / or parallel and / or be aligned to the axis of the nozzle body. The fan levels of two or more multiple jet nozzles can also be aligned with each other inclined.
Bevorzugt wird die Erfindung in getakteten Verbrennungsvorrichtungen eingesetzt, in denen die gute, räumlich definierte und schnell aufzubauende Brennstoffverteilung bei hohem Zerstäubungsgrad von besonderem Nutzen ist.Preferably, the invention is used in clocked combustion devices, in which the good, spatially defined and quickly established fuel distribution at a high Zerstäubungsgrad is of particular use.
Insbesondere bei Hubkolbenmotoren ist in der Regel eine scheibenförmige Brennstoffverteilung im flachen Brennraum beim oberen Totpunkt des Hubkolbens wünschenswert. Für diese Anwendung werden mehrere Mehrfachstrahl- oder Doppelstrahldüsen vorteilhafterweise so angeordnet, dass sie im montierten Zustand der Einspritzdüsen parallel zur Hauptebene des Brennraums absprühen. Bei einem zum Hubkolben oder zur Zylinderachse parallelen Einbau eines solchen Injektors bedeutet dies, dass die Strahlkanäle der Mehrfachstrahl- bzw. Doppelstrahldüsen quer zur Längsachse des Injektors abgehen. Bei schräger Einbaulage des Injektors bzw. der Düsenkammer, von der die Strahlkanäle abgehen, können die Strahlkanäle bezogen auf die Achse des Injektors bzw. des Brennstoffdruckraums auch geneigt angebracht werden, so dass die Abstrahlcharakteristik im Brennraum wiederum weitgehend parallel zur Hauptebene des Brennraums erfolgt.In particular, in reciprocating engines usually a disc-shaped fuel distribution in the flat combustion chamber at the top dead center of the reciprocating piston is desirable. For this application, a plurality of multi-jet or double-jet nozzles are advantageously arranged so that they In the mounted state of the injectors spray parallel to the main plane of the combustion chamber. In the case of an installation of such an injector parallel to the reciprocating piston or to the cylinder axis, this means that the jet channels of the multi-jet or double-jet nozzles exit transversely to the longitudinal axis of the injector. In oblique mounting position of the injector or the nozzle chamber from which depart the jet channels, the jet channels relative to the axis of the injector and the fuel pressure chamber can also be mounted inclined, so that the emission in the combustion chamber again takes place largely parallel to the main plane of the combustion chamber.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird anhand der Figuren nachfolgend näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS.
Im Einzelnen zeigen
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Einspritzvorrichtung,
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Vorrichtung gemäß
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3
- eine Schnittdarstellung entlang Schnittlinie III in
Fig. 2 , - Fig. 4
- eine Detaildarstellung aus
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 5
- eine Schnittdarstellung entlang Schnittlinie V in
Fig. 4 , - Fig. 6
- eine Schnittdarstellung entlang Schnittlinie VI in
Fig. 4 , - Fig. 7
- eine Schnittdarstellung durch eine erfindungsgemäße Einspritzvorrichtung mit Verschlussnadel,
- Fig. 8a und 8b
- Vergleichsdarstellungen zum grundsätzlichen Aufbau zwischen Sacklochdüse und Sitzlochdüse,
- Fig. 9
- eine schematische Darstellung des Sprühbildes einer erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzvorrichtung in perspektivischer Darstellung und
- Fig. 10
- eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzvorrichtung beim Einsatz in einem Verbrennungsmotor.
- Fig. 1
- a side view of an injection device according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a plan view of a device according to
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- a sectional view along section line III in
Fig. 2 . - Fig. 4
- a detailed view
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 5
- a sectional view along section line V in
Fig. 4 . - Fig. 6
- a sectional view along section line VI in
Fig. 4 . - Fig. 7
- a sectional view through an injection device according to the invention with a needle valve,
- Fig. 8a and 8b
- Comparative views of the basic structure between blind-hole nozzle and seat hole nozzle,
- Fig. 9
- a schematic representation of the spray pattern of an injection device according to the invention in a perspective view and
- Fig. 10
- a schematic representation of an injection device according to the invention when used in an internal combustion engine.
Die Einspritzvorrichtung 1 gemäß
In der Detailvergrößerung gemäß
Wie in den
Grundsätzlich könnte auch an Stelle einer Doppelstrahldüse 8 als Mehrfachstrahldüse eine Düse mit mehr als zwei Strahlen, beispielsweise eine Dreifachstrahldüse, verwendet werden, bei der drei oder mehrere Strahlen in einem gemeinsamen Scheitelpunkt S zusammenlaufen. So könnte beispielsweise in der Mitte der Strahlen 6, 7 ein dritter Strahl auf den Scheitelpunkt S gerichtet sein. Durch derartige Mehrfachstrahldüsen kann beispielsweise gegenüber einer Doppelstrahldüse die Geschwindigkeitsverteilung im Fächerstrahl beeinflusst werden.In principle, instead of a double-jet nozzle 8 as a multi-jet nozzle, a nozzle with more than two jets, for example a triple jet nozzle, could be used in which three or more jets converge in a common vertex S. For example, in the middle of the rays 6, 7, a third ray could be directed to the vertex S. By means of such multiple jet nozzles, for example, the velocity distribution in the fan jet can be influenced compared to a double jet nozzle.
Die Querschnitte der Strahlkanäle (6, 7) sind im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel für alle Mehrfachstrahldüsen 8 gleich gewählt. Dies kann jedoch auch variiert werden. Die Querschnitte verschiedener Strömungskanäle 6, 7 einer Mehrfachstrahldüse 8 können ebenso verschieden gewählt werden, wie die Querschnitte von Strahlkanälen 6, 7 verschiedener Mehrfachstrahldüsen 8.The cross sections of the jet channels (6, 7) are chosen equal in the illustrated embodiment for all multi-jet nozzles 8. However, this can also be varied. The cross sections of various flow channels 6, 7 of a multi-jet nozzle 8 can also be chosen differently, as are the cross sections of jet channels 6, 7 of different multi-jet nozzles 8.
Es hat sich jedoch im Versuch gezeigt, dass mit der Verwendung von Doppelstrahldüsen gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel die erfindungsgemäßen Vorteile gut realisierbar sind.However, it has been shown in the experiment that with the use of double jet nozzles according to the embodiment, the advantages of the invention are well feasible.
Der Prallwinkel α, der zugleich den Winkel zwischen den beiden Strahlen 6, 7 einer Doppelstrahldüse bildet und die Ebene des Fächerstrahls 9 definiert, sollte dabei möglichst nicht zu klein gewählt werden. Versuche haben mit Winkeln > 10° oder > 20°, bevorzugt > 30° und idealerweise um die 40° gute Ergebnisse erbracht.The impact angle α, which at the same time forms the angle between the two beams 6, 7 of a double-jet nozzle and defines the plane of the fan beam 9, should preferably not be too small. Experiments have angles> 10 ° or> 20 °, preferably> 30 ° and ideally around 40 ° Results provided.
Wie aus den
Grundsätzlich können jedoch die Fächerebenen auch unter einem Winkel β (siehe
Wie in
In dieser Ausführungsform spricht man von einer sogenannten Sacklochdüse, wie sie in anderer Ausprägung in
Grundsätzlich kann eine erfindungsgemäße Einspritzvorrichtung 1 auch als sogenannte Sitzlochdüse ausgebildet werden, wie sie in
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass sich in der Ausprägung als Sacklochdüse ein gleichmäßigeres Einspritzverhalten realisierbar ist, was besonders wichtig ist für die Kleinstmengendosierung bei den Vor- und Nacheinspritzungen von Verbrennungsmotoren. Bei einer Sitzlochdüse kann bei Kleinsthüben ein ungleiches Spraybild entstehen, was auf fertigungsbedingte Toleranzen zurückzuführen ist. Mit einem erhöhten Aufwand im Bereich dieser Toleranzen kann jedoch auch eine Sitzlochdüse gute Ergebnisse liefern. Die Sitzlochdüse bietet gegenüber der Sacklochdüse den Vorteil eines kleineren Totvolumens.It has been shown that a more uniform injection behavior can be realized in the embodiment as a blind-hole nozzle, which is particularly important for the micro-quantity metering in the pre- and post-injections of internal combustion engines. In the case of a seat-hole nozzle, an uneven spray pattern can occur with small strokes, which is due to production-related tolerances. However, with an increased expenditure in the range of these tolerances, a seat hole nozzle can also provide good results. The seat hole nozzle offers the advantage over the blind hole nozzle of a smaller dead volume.
Im Falle einer Sacklochdüse kann das Totvolumen durch die Anordnung und Form des Verschlusselementes, z. B. der Injektornadel 10 beeinflusst werden. Vorteilhafterweise wird die Injektornadel 10 so gestaltet, dass sie das Totvolumen im Bereich des Düsenkörpers im geschlossenen Zustand minimiert.In the case of a blind hole nozzle, the dead volume by the arrangement and shape of the closure element, for. B. the Injektornadel 10 can be influenced. Advantageously, the injector needle 10 is designed so that it minimizes the dead volume in the region of the nozzle body in the closed state.
Die Führung der Strahlkanäle 13 in den Ausführungsvarianten gemäß
Bei einem Hubkolbenmotor wird in der Regel ein ebenes Sprühbild anzustreben sein, wie es beispielsweise in
Das in
In diesem Fall ist eine entsprechend flache Ausgestaltung des Sprühbilds des Injektors 20 von Vorteil. Das in
Wie bereits mehrfach angedeutet, kann durch entsprechende Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der Mehrfachstrahldüsen das Sprühbild dem jeweiligen Brennraum der Verbrennungsvorrichtung angepasst werden. Wesentlich für die Erfindung ist der Umstand, dass mit mehreren, gleichzeitig beaufschlagten Mehrfachstrahldüsen, insbesondere Doppelstrahldüsen zum einen eine hervorragende Zerstäubung mit kleinsten Tröpfchen und der damit verbundenen großen Oberfläche des Brennstoffs erzielbar ist, wobei zugleich eine ausgezeichnete Anpassung an die Geometrie des Brennraums und somit eine sehr gleichmäßige und schnelle Verteilung des Brennstoffs im Brennraum möglich ist.As already indicated several times, by appropriate arrangement and design of the multi-jet nozzles, the spray pattern can be adapted to the respective combustion chamber of the combustion device. Essential for the invention is the fact that with multiple, simultaneously acted multi-jet nozzles, in particular double jet nozzles on the one hand excellent atomization with the smallest droplets and the associated large surface area of the fuel can be achieved, at the same time an excellent adaptation to the geometry of the combustion chamber and thus a very uniform and fast distribution of the fuel in the combustion chamber is possible.
- 11
- EinspritzvorrichtungInjector
- 22
- Injektorkopfinjector
- 33
- Kegelstumpftruncated cone
- 44
- Düsenkörpernozzle body
- 55
- Aussparungrecess
- 66
- Strahlkanalbeam channel
- 77
- Strahlkanalbeam channel
- 88th
- DoppelstrahldüseDoppelstrahldüse
- 99
- Fächerstrahlfan beam
- 1010
- Injektornadelinjector needle
- 1111
- Ventilsitzvalve seat
- 1212
- Verschlusselementclosure element
- 1313
- Strahlkanalbeam channel
- 1414
- Innenrauminner space
- 1515
- Freizonefree zone
- 1616
- Zylindercylinder
- 1717
- Kolbenpiston
- 1818
- Brennraumcombustion chamber
- 1919
- Dichtflächesealing surface
- 2020
- Injektorinjector
Claims (16)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP13003438.2A EP2650527B1 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2011-03-31 | Device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102010021873 | 2010-05-28 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP13003438.2A Division EP2650527B1 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2011-03-31 | Device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber |
EP13003438.2 Division-Into | 2013-07-08 |
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EP2390491A1 true EP2390491A1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
EP2390491B1 EP2390491B1 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
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EP13003438.2A Not-in-force EP2650527B1 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2011-03-31 | Device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber |
EP11002655.6A Not-in-force EP2390491B1 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2011-03-31 | Device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber |
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EP13003438.2A Not-in-force EP2650527B1 (en) | 2010-05-28 | 2011-03-31 | Device for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber |
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EP (2) | EP2650527B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE202011103592U1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES2440966T3 (en) |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2505820A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-03 | KW Technologie GmbH & Co. KG | Device for turning a liquid in a combustion chamber into a fog or spray |
WO2013149240A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. | Nozzle for skewed fuel injection |
DE102014000103A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Kw Technologie Gmbh & Co. Kg | "Device for spraying liquid in an operating room" |
EP2829720A1 (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-28 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
WO2018153741A1 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-08-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Nozzle body for a fuel injector, and fuel injector |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102013220917A1 (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-16 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | injection |
DE102014220928A1 (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-21 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Register nozzle for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine |
SE539926C2 (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2018-01-16 | Scania Cv Ab | Sackless fuel injector |
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DE102009035027A1 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2010-02-18 | DENSO CORPORATION, Kariya-shi | Group hole nozzle and selection method of design specifications thereof |
-
2011
- 2011-03-31 DE DE202011103592U patent/DE202011103592U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2011-03-31 ES ES11002655.6T patent/ES2440966T3/en active Active
- 2011-03-31 EP EP13003438.2A patent/EP2650527B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-03-31 DE DE102011015755A patent/DE102011015755A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-03-31 EP EP11002655.6A patent/EP2390491B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-03-31 ES ES13003438.2T patent/ES2639849T3/en active Active
- 2011-03-31 HU HUE13003438A patent/HUE034473T2/en unknown
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DE369670C (en) | 1921-01-11 | 1923-02-22 | Hugo Junkers Dr Ing | Injection device for internal combustion engines with airless injection |
US5540200A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1996-07-30 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel injection valve |
DE4407360A1 (en) | 1994-03-05 | 1995-09-07 | Otto C Pulch | Fuel injection system for cylinders of IC engine |
US20030222159A1 (en) * | 2002-05-30 | 2003-12-04 | Hitachi Unisia Automotive, Ltd. | Fuel injection valve |
DE102004041031A1 (en) * | 2004-08-25 | 2006-03-02 | Audi Ag | Fuel injecting valve for internal combustion engine has spraying holes that spray jets such that cone coats are formed |
EP1719903A1 (en) * | 2005-05-03 | 2006-11-08 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for mode-switching fuel injector nozzle |
DE102006041476A1 (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2008-03-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injecting valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engine, has atomizing device, which is acted as multi-fan-jet nozzle with multiple pair of holes consists of two injection openings |
DE102009035027A1 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2010-02-18 | DENSO CORPORATION, Kariya-shi | Group hole nozzle and selection method of design specifications thereof |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2505820A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-03 | KW Technologie GmbH & Co. KG | Device for turning a liquid in a combustion chamber into a fog or spray |
DE102012006427A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | Kw Technologie Gmbh & Co. Kg | "Device for atomizing or spraying liquids into an operating room" |
CN104246207A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2014-12-24 | 易安迪机车公司 | Nozzle for skewed fuel injection |
US20130255622A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Deep Bandyopadhyay | Nozzle for skewed fuel injection |
WO2013149240A1 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. | Nozzle for skewed fuel injection |
US9546633B2 (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2017-01-17 | Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. | Nozzle for skewed fuel injection |
DE102014000103A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Kw Technologie Gmbh & Co. Kg | "Device for spraying liquid in an operating room" |
WO2014108339A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Kw-Technologie Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for spraying liquid into an operating space |
DE102014000104A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Kw Technologie Gmbh & Co. Kg | "Device for spraying liquid in an operating room" |
DE102014000105A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Kw Technologie Gmbh & Co. Kg | "Device for spraying liquid in an operating room" |
WO2014108340A1 (en) | 2013-01-11 | 2014-07-17 | Kw-Technologie Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for spraying liquid into an operating chamber |
EP2829720A1 (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-01-28 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
US9850869B2 (en) | 2013-07-22 | 2017-12-26 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
WO2018153741A1 (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-08-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Nozzle body for a fuel injector, and fuel injector |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2440966T3 (en) | 2014-01-31 |
DE102011015755A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
EP2390491B1 (en) | 2013-10-09 |
DE202011103592U1 (en) | 2012-02-28 |
ES2639849T3 (en) | 2017-10-30 |
EP2650527A1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
HUE034473T2 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
EP2650527B1 (en) | 2017-06-14 |
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