EP2387622B1 - Quenching device and quenching method - Google Patents
Quenching device and quenching method Download PDFInfo
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- EP2387622B1 EP2387622B1 EP09765082.4A EP09765082A EP2387622B1 EP 2387622 B1 EP2387622 B1 EP 2387622B1 EP 09765082 A EP09765082 A EP 09765082A EP 2387622 B1 EP2387622 B1 EP 2387622B1
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- quenching
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims description 102
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a quenching device for quenching Abschreckgut, in particular of metallic workpieces, with quenching gas according to the preamble of claim 1 and a quenching method for quenching Abschreckgut, especially of metallic workpieces, with quenching gas according to the preamble of claim.
- the most metallic workpieces are subjected to a heat treatment.
- the speed with which the workpieces are cooled after being previously heated is the speed with which the workpieces are cooled after being previously heated.
- quenching gases instead of quenching liquids is that the quenched material does not need to be cleaned after quenching, and that a higher quench homogeneity in the batch can be achieved.
- a quenching device used for a previously described quenching process is, for example, in US Pat EP 1 154 024 B1 described.
- the known device comprises a space which can be flooded with quenching gas and which is formed by a quenching chamber for receiving the quenching material and by a flow channel for forming a quenching gas flow circuit.
- the quenching chamber is not loaded and unloaded in the quenching gas flooded state, but usually under vacuum.
- the known quenching device is to form a Abschreckgasströmung within the flow channel an impeller, which by means of a is driven outside of the floodable with quenching gas space arranged electric motor. Since a motor shaft of the drive motor passes through an outer wall of the flow channel, a great constructional effort is required to achieve a hermetic tightness of the quenchable with flooding gas space.
- the drive motor In alternative, known quenching devices, the drive motor, together with the impeller, is disposed within the quenchable gas flooding chamber to prevent leaks.
- the drive motor can not be started in a vacuum, otherwise in the winding of the drive motor electrical flashovers (arcs) may occur, which could destroy the drive motor.
- This is problematic in that the high-performance blowers necessary to increase the quench rate require long start-up times compared with the actual quench time to reach the rated speed. Since the starting of the drive motor can not already be started during the loading of the quenching chamber under a vacuum atmosphere, but only after it has been flooded with quenching gas, the total starting time is added to the actual quenching time, which has a negative effect on the number of cycles to be achieved.
- the described disadvantage results in a slower quenching of the quenched material compared to the quenching of liquids, since there the maximum quenching intensity is available immediately after immersing a quenchable batch in the liquid bath.
- the reduced quenching speed in known quenching devices with drive motors arranged within the space to be flooded has an effect not only on the cycle time but also on the quality of the workpiece structure and thus on the component properties due to the extended quenching time.
- the invention has for its object to propose a quenching, are avoided on the one hand tightness problems and on the other a starting of the powerful drive motor for the fan even before the flooding of the room with quenching gas, especially at vacuum acted space is possible. Furthermore, the object is to provide a method which allows operation of the fan drive motor regardless of the atmosphere in the space having the impeller.
- the invention has recognized that an operation of, preferably designed as a standard electric motor, drive motor for the at least one impeller regardless of the atmosphere and the pressure conditions in the impeller receiving space is given only when the drive motor is outside of this space. Since in the prior art, the motor shaft of the drive motor passes through the room wall, sealing problems are inevitably given in the prior art. To circumvent this problem, the invention proposes not mechanically to couple the drive motor as in the prior art with the impeller, but contactless. In other words, a coupling is assigned to the drive motor and the impeller, which is designed such that with this contactless torque from the drive motor to the impeller is transferable. As a result, it is not necessary for mechanical components of the drive train to penetrate the room wall, which in turn prevents leakage problems.
- a further advantage of a quenching device designed according to the concept is that it does not have to use specially sealed motors, but rather to use comparatively inexpensive standard electric motors. Quite particularly preferred is an embodiment of the quenching device, wherein the coupling, with which a drive torque from the drive motor is transferable to the impeller, is designed as a magnetic coupling, with a torque transmission through the wall of the space is possible.
- the magnetic coupling has a first runner mechanically connected to the drive motor, preferably to a motor shaft of the drive motor, and a second runner which is driveably drivable by the first runner and mechanically connected to the blower wheel, the second runner together is arranged with the impeller in the space floatable with quenching gas.
- the rotor which is mechanically coupled to the drive motor, is an internal rotor, which is enclosed radially on the outside by the second contactlessly driven rotor and is set into rotary motion by the rotationally moved magnetic field.
- the second, that is, the non-contact driven rotor is an internal rotor, which is enclosed radially outside of the first rotor (external rotor).
- the latter embodiment is the preferred variant.
- the impeller is located directly in the quenching chamber, ie in the directly be charged with Abschreckgut space.
- the fan is arranged in a flow channel which is fluidically connected to the quenching chamber.
- the provision of a flow channel is optional, i. It is also an embodiment of the quenching device as a quenching cell without flow channel feasible, so an embodiment in which the quenching gas is circulated exclusively in the quenching cell by means of the blower.
- the quenching device wherein said means for flooding the impeller having space with quenching gas.
- the means in this case comprise a gas feed line, which opens into the room, wherein the feed line is fed by a quench gas filled with pressure tank.
- means for evacuating the quenching device are provided.
- these are designed such that the quenching space, compared with the environment, can be assigned with negative pressure, so that a vacuum can be generated in the room.
- a heat exchanger is arranged in the space containing the impeller, which is acted upon by the quenching gas circulated by means of the impeller and specifically removes heat therefrom.
- the invention also provides a method of quenching quench material, particularly metallic workpieces, with quench gas using a quenching device, preferably a quenching device as described above.
- the quenching gas is accelerated by means of the impeller to realize a good heat transfer between the quench and the quenching gas.
- the core of the method according to the invention is that the impeller is driven by the drive motor without contact, in particular using a magnetic coupling. This embodiment makes it possible to transmit the torque through a wall and thus to arrange the drive motor outside of the space having the impeller.
- the drive motor is already started and / or operated while the space is not (yet) flooded with quenching gas. This is possible with a non-sealed standard propulsion engine only when the propulsion engine is not in the flooded space.
- a possible embodiment of a quenching device 1 is shown.
- the quenching device 1 comprises in the embodiment shown a single space 2, which can be flooded with quenching gas.
- a floodable Space in the form of a flow channel, like this in the EP 1 154 024 B1 is shown does not exist, but can be provided if necessary.
- the space 2 has a pressure-tight closable feed door 3, through which the space 2 (here quenching space) can be charged with quenched material 4.
- the Abschreckgut 4 existing in the illustrated embodiment of steel workpieces is this arranged on a charging frame 5, which is transportable by means of suitable transport devices under a vacuum atmosphere into the room 2 and then after the quenching process out of this again.
- a valve 8 preferably automatically, must be opened.
- the pressure in the space 2 after flooding with quenching gas is about 20bar.
- an impeller 9 (fan wheel) is rotatably mounted, wherein the impeller 9 is disposed on the end side of a shaft 10, which carries a second rotor 11 (here internal rotor) of a magnetic coupling 12 at the opposite end.
- the shaft 10 protrudes with the second rotor 11 into a protuberance 13 of the space 2, which is radially outside of a first rotor 14 (here external rotor) of the magnetic coupling 12 radially outwardly enclosed.
- the first rotor 14 is arranged with (radial) distance to the second rotor 11 and transmits a torque without contact through the wall 16 of the room 2, more precisely through the wall 16 of the protuberance 13 of the space 2, while the drive motor 15 on the second rotor 11, which rotates in the sequence, whereby the impeller 9 is set in a rotational movement.
- the first rotor 14 is rotationally fixed end on a motor shaft 17 of the drive motor designed as a standard electric motor 15. It is essential that the drive motor 15 is disposed outside the wall 16 of the space 2, ie preferably in a normal air atmosphere, so that the drive motor 15 can be operated independently of the room atmosphere and the internal chamber pressure.
- a heat exchanger 18 is arranged, which extracts the, by means of the impeller 9, unscaled quenching gas heat.
- the loading door 3 is opened and the charging frame 5 with the Abschreckgut 4 is introduced into the, preferably under vacuum, space 2.
- the drive motor 15 is already started during the charging.
- the space 2 is flooded with quenching gas via the Abschreckgaszutechnisch 6 to quenching pressure.
- the drive motor 15 and, consequently, the fan wheel 9 have already run up to rated speed at the end of the flooding process, so that the full quenching intensity is available immediately after completion of the flooding process.
- the quenching gas is discharged into the environment or fed back via a compressor, not shown, in the compressed gas tank 7 and the loading door 3 is removed for removal of the charging frame 5 with quenched quenched material 4. Thereafter, the admission of the space 2 preferably takes place with vacuum.
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
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- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abschreckvorrichtung zum Abschrecken von Abschreckgut, insbesondere von metallischen Werkstücken, mit Abschreckgas gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie ein Abschreckverfahren zum Abschrecken von Abschreckgut, insbesondere von metallischen Werkstücken, mit Abschreckgas gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 9.The invention relates to a quenching device for quenching Abschreckgut, in particular of metallic workpieces, with quenching gas according to the preamble of claim 1 and a quenching method for quenching Abschreckgut, especially of metallic workpieces, with quenching gas according to the preamble of claim. 9
Zum Erzeugen von definierten Werkstoffeigenschaften, wie beispielsweise einer hohen Härte oder einer ausreichenden Verschleißfestigkeit, werden die meist metallischen Werkstücke einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen. Wichtig für das Behandlungsergebnis ist vor allem die Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Werkstücke nach vorausgehender Erhitzung abgekühlt werden. Für den hierfür notwendigen Abschreckprozess ist es bekannt, Wasser, Öl oder Abschreckgas einzusetzen. Der Hauptvorteil des Einsetzens von Abschreckgasen anstelle von Abschreckflüssigkeiten besteht darin, dass das Abschreckgut nach dem Abschrecken nicht gereinigt werden muss und, darin, dass eine höhere Abschreckhomogenität in der Charge erreicht werden kann.To produce defined material properties, such as a high hardness or a sufficient wear resistance, the most metallic workpieces are subjected to a heat treatment. Of particular importance for the treatment result is the speed with which the workpieces are cooled after being previously heated. For the necessary quenching process, it is known to use water, oil or quenching gas. The main advantage of using quenching gases instead of quenching liquids is that the quenched material does not need to be cleaned after quenching, and that a higher quench homogeneity in the batch can be achieved.
Eine für einen zuvor beschriebenen Abschreckprozess zum Einsatz kommende Abschreckvorrichtung ist beispielsweise in der
Bei alternativen, bekannten Abschreckvorrichtungen ist der Antriebsmotor zusammen mit dem Gebläserad zur Vermeidung von Undichtigkeiten innerhalb des mit Abschreckgas flutbaren Raums angeordnet. Hier besteht das Problem, dass der Antriebsmotor nicht im Vakuum gestartet werden kann, da sonst in der Wicklung des Antriebsmotors elektrische Überschläge (Lichtbögen) entstehen können, die den Antriebsmotor zerstören könnten. Dies ist insofern problematisch, als dass die zum Erhöhen der Abschreckrate notwendigen, leistungsstarken Gebläse im Vergleich zur eigentlichen Abschreckdauer lange Anlaufzeiten benötigen, um die Nenndrehzahl zu erreichen. Da mit dem Starten des Antriebsmotors nicht bereits während der Beladung der Abschreckkammer unter Vakuumatmosphäre begonnen werden kann, sondern erst nachdem diese mit Abschreckgas geflutet wurde, addiert sich die gesamte Anlaufzeit zur eigentlichen Abschreckdauer hinzu, was sich negativ auf die zu erreichende Taktzahl auswirkt. Insgesamt resultiert der beschriebene Nachteil in einer langsameren Abschreckung des Abschreckgutes verglichen mit der Abschreckung von Flüssigkeiten, da dort die maximale Abschreckintensität unmittelbar nach dem Eintauchen einer abzuschreckenden Charge in das Flüssigkeitsbad zur Verfügung steht. Die reduzierte Abschreckgeschwindigkeit bei bekannten Abschreckvorrichtungen mit innerhalb des zu flutenden Raums angeordneten Antriebsmotoren wirkt sich nicht nur auf die Taktzeit, sondern aufgrund der verlängerten Abschreckdauer auch auf die Qualität des Werkstückgefüges und damit auf die Bauteileigenschaften aus.In alternative, known quenching devices, the drive motor, together with the impeller, is disposed within the quenchable gas flooding chamber to prevent leaks. Here there is the problem that the drive motor can not be started in a vacuum, otherwise in the winding of the drive motor electrical flashovers (arcs) may occur, which could destroy the drive motor. This is problematic in that the high-performance blowers necessary to increase the quench rate require long start-up times compared with the actual quench time to reach the rated speed. Since the starting of the drive motor can not already be started during the loading of the quenching chamber under a vacuum atmosphere, but only after it has been flooded with quenching gas, the total starting time is added to the actual quenching time, which has a negative effect on the number of cycles to be achieved. Overall, the described disadvantage results in a slower quenching of the quenched material compared to the quenching of liquids, since there the maximum quenching intensity is available immediately after immersing a quenchable batch in the liquid bath. The reduced quenching speed in known quenching devices with drive motors arranged within the space to be flooded has an effect not only on the cycle time but also on the quality of the workpiece structure and thus on the component properties due to the extended quenching time.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Abschreckvorrichtung vorzuschlagen, bei der zum einen Dichtigkeitsprobleme vermieden werden und zum anderen ein Starten des leistungsstarken Antriebsmotors für das Gebläse auch vor dem Fluten des Raums mit Abschreckgas, insbesondere bei mit Vakuum beaufschlagtem Raum möglich ist. Ferner besteht die Aufgabe darin, ein Verfahren anzugeben, welches einen Betrieb des Gebläseantriebsmotors unabhängig von der Atmosphäre in dem das Gebläserad aufweisenden Raum ermöglicht.The invention has for its object to propose a quenching, are avoided on the one hand tightness problems and on the other a starting of the powerful drive motor for the fan even before the flooding of the room with quenching gas, especially at vacuum acted space is possible. Furthermore, the object is to provide a method which allows operation of the fan drive motor regardless of the atmosphere in the space having the impeller.
Diese Aufgabe wird hinsichtlich der Abschreckvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und hinsichtlich des Verfahrens mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben. In den Rahmen der Erfindung fallen sämtliche Kombinationen aus zumindest zwei von in der Beschreibung, den Ansprüchen und/oder den Figuren offenbarten Merkmalen.This object is achieved with regard to the quenching device having the features of claim 1 and with regard to the method having the features of
Die Erfindung hat erkannt, dass ein Betrieb des, vorzugsweise als Standard-Elektromotor ausgebildeten, Antriebsmotors für das mindestens eine Gebläserad unabhängig von der Atmosphäre und den Druckverhältnissen in dem das Gebläserad aufnehmenden Raum nur dann gegeben ist, wenn sich der Antriebsmotor außerhalb dieses Raums befindet. Da im Stand der Technik die Motorwelle des Antriebsmotors die Raumwand durchsetzt, sind im Stand der Technik zwangsläufig Dichtigkeitsprobleme gegeben. Zur Umgehung dieses Problems schlägt die Erfindung vor, den Antriebsmotor nicht wie im Stand der Technik mechanisch mit dem Gebläserad zu koppeln, sondern berührungslos. Anders ausgedrückt ist dem Antriebsmotor und dem Gebläserad eine Kupplung zugeordnet, die derart ausgebildet ist, dass mit dieser berührungslos ein Drehmoment von dem Antriebsmotor auf das Gebläserad übertragbar ist. Hierdurch ist es nicht notwendig, dass mechanische Komponenten des Antriebsstrangs die Raumwand durchsetzen, wodurch wiederum Dichtigkeitsprobleme vermieden werden. Aufgrund der Anordnung des Antriebsmotors außerhalb des mit Abschreckgas flutbaren, vorzugsweise mit Vakuum beaufschlagbaren Raums wird es zudem ermöglicht, dass der leistungsstarke Antriebsmotor bereits vor dem Fluten des Raums mit Abschreckgas angefahren werden kann, bevorzugt so früh, dass der Antriebsmotor bereits zu Beginn des eigentlichen Abschreckprozesses, also in der Regel bei vollständig mit Abschreckgas geflutetem Raum bereits seine Nenndrehzahl erreicht hat. Ein weiterer Vorteil einer nach dem Konzept ausgebildeten Abschreckvorrichtung besteht darin, keine speziell gedichteten Motoren einsetzen zu müssen, sondern vergleichsweise preisgünstige Standardelektromotoren einsetzen zu können. Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform der Abschreckvorrichtung, bei der die Kupplung, mit der ein Antriebsdrehmoment vom Antriebsmotor auf das Gebläserad übertragbar ist, als Magnetkupplung ausgebildet ist, mit der eine Drehmomentübertragung durch die Wandung des Raums hindurch möglich ist.The invention has recognized that an operation of, preferably designed as a standard electric motor, drive motor for the at least one impeller regardless of the atmosphere and the pressure conditions in the impeller receiving space is given only when the drive motor is outside of this space. Since in the prior art, the motor shaft of the drive motor passes through the room wall, sealing problems are inevitably given in the prior art. To circumvent this problem, the invention proposes not mechanically to couple the drive motor as in the prior art with the impeller, but contactless. In other words, a coupling is assigned to the drive motor and the impeller, which is designed such that with this contactless torque from the drive motor to the impeller is transferable. As a result, it is not necessary for mechanical components of the drive train to penetrate the room wall, which in turn prevents leakage problems. Due to the arrangement of the drive motor outside of flooding with quenching, preferably acted upon with vacuum space, it is also possible that the powerful drive motor can be approached before quenching the room with quenching gas, preferably so early that the drive motor already at the beginning of the actual Abschreckprozesses So usually has already reached its nominal speed at completely flooded with quenching gas space. A further advantage of a quenching device designed according to the concept is that it does not have to use specially sealed motors, but rather to use comparatively inexpensive standard electric motors. Quite particularly preferred is an embodiment of the quenching device, wherein the coupling, with which a drive torque from the drive motor is transferable to the impeller, is designed as a magnetic coupling, with a torque transmission through the wall of the space is possible.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform, bei der die Magnetkupplung einen mechanisch mit dem Antriebsmotor, vorzugsweise mit einer Motorwelle des Antriebsmotors, verbundenen ersten Läufer und einen von dem ersten Läufer berührungslos antreibbaren, mechanisch mit dem Gebläserad verbundenen zweiten Läufer aufweist, wobei der zweite Läufer zusammen mit dem Gebläserad in dem mit Abschreckgas flutbaren Raum angeordnet ist.Especially preferred is an embodiment in which the magnetic coupling has a first runner mechanically connected to the drive motor, preferably to a motor shaft of the drive motor, and a second runner which is driveably drivable by the first runner and mechanically connected to the blower wheel, the second runner together is arranged with the impeller in the space floatable with quenching gas.
Gemäß einer ersten Alternative ist der mechanisch mit dem Antriebsmotor gekoppelte Läufer ein Innenläufer, der radial außen von dem zweiten, berührungslos angetriebenen Läufer umschlossen ist und durch das rotatorisch bewegte Magnetfeld in eine Drehbewegung versetzt wird.According to a first alternative, the rotor, which is mechanically coupled to the drive motor, is an internal rotor, which is enclosed radially on the outside by the second contactlessly driven rotor and is set into rotary motion by the rotationally moved magnetic field.
Auch die umgekehrte Variante ist realisierbar. Dabei ist der zweite, also der berührungslos angetriebene Läufer ein Innenläufer, der radial außen von dem ersten Läufer (Außenläufer) umschlossen ist. Bei letzterer Ausführungsform handelt es sich um die bevorzugte Variante.The reverse variant is feasible. In this case, the second, that is, the non-contact driven rotor is an internal rotor, which is enclosed radially outside of the first rotor (external rotor). The latter embodiment is the preferred variant.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist mit Vorteil vorgesehen, dass sich das Gebläserad unmittelbar im Abschreckraum befindet, also in dem unmittelbar mit Abschreckgut beschickbaren Raum. Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist das Gebläse in einem Strömungskanal angeordnet, der strömungstechnisch an den Abschreckraum angebunden ist. Das Vorsehen eines Strömungskanals ist fakultativ, d.h. es ist auch eine Ausführungsform der Abschreckvorrichtung als Abschreckzelle ohne Strömungskanal realisierbar, also eine Ausführungsform, bei der das Abschreckgas ausschließlich in der Abschreckzelle mittels des Gebläses umgewälzt wird.In a further development of the invention is advantageously provided that the impeller is located directly in the quenching chamber, ie in the directly be charged with Abschreckgut space. In an alternative embodiment, the fan is arranged in a flow channel which is fluidically connected to the quenching chamber. The provision of a flow channel is optional, i. It is also an embodiment of the quenching device as a quenching cell without flow channel feasible, so an embodiment in which the quenching gas is circulated exclusively in the quenching cell by means of the blower.
Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform der Abschreckvorrichtung, bei der diese Mittel zum Fluten des das Gebläserad aufweisenden Raums mit Abschreckgas aufweist. Besonders bevorzugt umfassen die Mittel hierbei eine Gaszuleitung, die in den Raum mündet, wobei die Zuleitung von einem mit Abschreckgas gefüllten Drucktank gespeist wird.Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the quenching device, wherein said means for flooding the impeller having space with quenching gas. Particularly preferably, the means in this case comprise a gas feed line, which opens into the room, wherein the feed line is fed by a quench gas filled with pressure tank.
Weiter bevorzugt ist es, wenn Mittel zum Evakuieren der Abschreckvorrichtung vorgesehen sind. Bevorzugt sind diese derart ausgebildet, dass der Abschreckraum, verglichen mit der Umgebung, mit Unterdruck belegbar ist, dass also ein Vakuum im Raum erzeugbar ist.It is further preferred if means for evacuating the quenching device are provided. Preferably, these are designed such that the quenching space, compared with the environment, can be assigned with negative pressure, so that a vacuum can be generated in the room.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn in dem das Gebläserad aufweisenden Raum ein Wärmetauscher angeordnet ist, der von dem mittels des Gebläserades umgewälzten Abschreckgas beaufschlagt wird und diesem gezielt Wärme entzieht.It is very particularly preferred if a heat exchanger is arranged in the space containing the impeller, which is acted upon by the quenching gas circulated by means of the impeller and specifically removes heat therefrom.
Die Erfindung führt auch auf ein Verfahren zum Abschrecken von Abschreckgut, insbesondere von metallischen Werkstücken, mit Abschreckgas unter Verwendung einer Abschreckvorrichtung, vorzugsweise einer zuvor beschriebenen Abschreckvorrichtung. Bei dem Verfahren wird mittels des Gebläserades das Abschreckgas beschleunigt, um einen guten Wärmeübergang zwischen dem Abschreckgut und dem Abschreckgas zu realisieren. Kern des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es, dass das Gebläserad von dem Antriebsmotor berührungsfrei, insbesondere unter Einsatz einer Magnetkupplung angetrieben wird. Diese Ausführungsform ermöglicht es, das Drehmoment durch eine Wandung hindurch zu übertragen und somit den Antriebsmotor außerhalb des, das Gebläserad aufweisenden Raumes, anzuordnen.The invention also provides a method of quenching quench material, particularly metallic workpieces, with quench gas using a quenching device, preferably a quenching device as described above. In the method, the quenching gas is accelerated by means of the impeller to realize a good heat transfer between the quench and the quenching gas. The core of the method according to the invention is that the impeller is driven by the drive motor without contact, in particular using a magnetic coupling. This embodiment makes it possible to transmit the torque through a wall and thus to arrange the drive motor outside of the space having the impeller.
Ganz besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn der Antriebsmotor bereits gestartet und/oder betrieben wird, während der Raum (noch) nicht mit Abschreckgas geflutet ist. Dies ist mit einem nicht abgedichteten Standardantriebsmotor nur dann möglich, wenn sich der Antriebsmotor nicht in dem gefluteten Raum befindet.It is very particularly preferred if the drive motor is already started and / or operated while the space is not (yet) flooded with quenching gas. This is possible with a non-sealed standard propulsion engine only when the propulsion engine is not in the flooded space.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung. Diese zeigt in der einzigen
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Fig. 1 : in einer schematischen Darstellung einen möglichen Aufbau einer Abschreckvorrichtung.
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Fig. 1 in a schematic representation of a possible construction of a quenching device.
In
Der Raum 2 weist eine druckdicht verschließbare Beschickungstür 3 auf, durch die hindurch der Raum 2 (hier Abschreckraum) mit Abschreckgut 4 beschickt werden kann. Das in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel aus Stahlwerkstücken bestehende Abschreckgut 4 ist hierzu auf einem Chargiergestell 5 angeordnet, das mittels geeigneter Transporteinrichtungen unter Vakuumatmosphäre in den Raum 2 hinein und dann nach dem Abschreckvorgang wieder aus diesem heraus transportierbar ist.The
Üblicherweise befindet sich vor der Beschickungstür 3 ein hier nicht dargestellter Ofen zur vorangehenden Wärmebehandlung des Abschreckgutes 4.Usually located in front of the
In den Raum 2 mündet eine Abschreckgaszuleitung 6, über die aus einem Druckgasbehälter 7 Abschreckgas in den Raum 2 geleitet werden kann. Zum Fluten des Raumes 2 mit dem Abschreckgas muss lediglich ein Ventil 8, vorzugsweise automatisch, geöffnet werden.A quenching
Bevorzugt ist es, wenn der Druck im Raum 2 nach dem Fluten mit Abschreckgas bis etwa 20bar beträgt.It is preferred if the pressure in the
Innerhalb des Raums 2 ist ein Gebläserad 9 (Lüfterrad) drehbar gelagert angeordnet, wobei das Gebläserad 9 endseitig an einer Welle 10 angeordnet ist, die am gegenüberliegenden Ende einen zweiten Läufer 11 (hier Innenläufer) einer Magnetkupplung 12 trägt. Die Welle 10 ragt mit dem zweiten Läufer 11 in eine Ausstülpung 13 des Raums 2 hinein, die radial außen von einem ersten Läufer 14 (hier Außenläufer) der Magnetkupplung 12 radial außen umschlossen ist. Der erste Läufer 14 ist mit (radialem) Abstand zu dem zweiten Läufer 11 angeordnet und überträgt bei laufendem Antriebsmotor 15 ein Drehmoment berührungslos durch die Wandung 16 des Raums 2, genauer durch die Wandung 16 der Ausstülpung 13 des Raums 2 hindurch, auf den zweiten Läufer 11, der in der Folge mitrotiert, wodurch das Gebläserad 9 in eine Drehbewegung versetzt wird. Der erste Läufer 14 sitzt endseitig drehfest auf einer Motorwelle 17 des als Standard-Elektromotor ausgebildeten Antriebsmotors 15. Wesentlich ist, dass der Antriebsmotor 15 außerhalb der Wandung 16 des Raums 2 angeordnet ist, also vorzugsweise in normaler Luftatmosphäre, so dass der Antriebsmotor 15 unabhängig von der Raumatmosphäre und dem Rauminnendruck betrieben werden kann.Within the
Wie sich weiter aus
Im Folgenden wird ein bevorzugter Abschreckvorgang im Detail beschrieben. Zunächst wird die Beschickungstür 3 geöffnet und das Chargiergestell 5 mit dem Abschreckgut 4 wird in den, vorzugsweise unter Vakuum stehenden, Raum 2 eingeführt. Bevorzugt wird bereits während der Beschickung der Antriebsmotor 15 gestartet. Nach dem Schließen der Beschickungstür 3 wird der Raum 2 über die Abschreckgaszuleitung 6 mit Abschreckgas auf Abschreckdruck geflutet. Der Antriebsmotor 15 und in der Folge auch das Gebläserad 9 sind bei Beendigung des Flutungsvorgangs bereits auf Nenndrehzahl hochgelaufen, so dass unmittelbar nach Beendigung des Flutungsvorgangs die volle Abschreckintensität zur Verfügung steht. Nach einer vorgegebenen Abschreckzeit wird entweder das Abschreckgas in die Umgebung entlassen oder über einen nicht dargestellten Kompressor in den Druckgasbehälter 7 rückgefördert und die Beschickungstür 3 wird zur Entnahme des Chargiergestells 5 mit abgeschrecktem Abschreckgut 4 entnommen. Bevorzugt erfolgt daraufhin die Beaufschlagung des Raums 2 mit Vakuum. Hereinafter, a preferred quenching process will be described in detail. First, the
Claims (10)
- Quenching device comprising at least one chamber (2), which can be filled with quenching gas and has a blower wheel (9) for circulating quenching gas, in particular a quenching chamber and/or a flow channel, the blower wheel (9) being assigned a drive motor (15) arranged outside the chamber (2) for driving the blower,
characterized
in that the drive motor (15) is coupled to the blower wheel (9) via a contactlessly operating coupling so as to transmit torque. - Quenching device according to Claim 1, characterized
in that the coupling is formed as a magnetic coupling (12). - Quenching device according to Claim 2, characterized
in that the magnetic coupling (12) has a first rotor (14), which is mechanically connected to the drive motor, and a second rotor (11), which can be contactlessly driven by the first rotor (14) and is mechanically connected to the blower wheel (9). - Quenching device according to Claim 3, characterized
in that the first rotor (14) is formed as the outer rotor that radially outwardly encloses the second rotor (11), formed as the inner rotor. - Quenching device according to Claim 3, characterized
in that second rotor (11) is formed as the outer rotor that radially outwardly encloses the first rotor (14), formed as the inner rotor. - Quenching device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that material to be quenched (4) can be arranged in the chamber (2) having the blower wheel (9). - Quenching device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that means for flooding the chamber (2) with quenching gas are provided. - Quenching device according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that a heat exchanger (18) is arranged in the chamber (2). - Method for quenching material to be quenched (4), in particular metal workpieces, with quenching gas, using a quenching device (1), preferably according to one of the preceding claims, quenching gas being circulated by a blower wheel (9) that is driven by a drive motor (15),
characterized
in that the blower wheel (9) is contactlessly driven by the drive motor (15). - Method according to Claim 9,
characterized
in that the drive motor (15) is started or operated while the chamber (2) is not yet flooded with quenching gas.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009000200A DE102009000200B3 (en) | 2009-01-14 | 2009-01-14 | Quenching device and quenching method |
| PCT/EP2009/066202 WO2010081587A1 (en) | 2009-01-14 | 2009-12-02 | Quenching device and quenching method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2387622A1 EP2387622A1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| EP2387622B1 true EP2387622B1 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
Family
ID=41647131
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09765082.4A Active EP2387622B1 (en) | 2009-01-14 | 2009-12-02 | Quenching device and quenching method |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20120067467A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2387622B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2012515262A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102282271A (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0922762A2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102009000200B3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010081587A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3001229B1 (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-10-30 | Ecm Technologies | GAS TUMBLE CELL |
| CN104180671B (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2016-06-08 | 浙江尚鼎工业炉有限公司 | A kind of circulation formula air preheater and method |
| JP6475084B2 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2019-02-27 | 臼井国際産業株式会社 | Torque sensor shaft manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method thereof |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2844843C2 (en) * | 1978-10-14 | 1985-09-12 | Ipsen Industries International Gmbh, 4190 Kleve | Industrial furnace for the heat treatment of metallic workpieces |
| JPS6160819A (en) * | 1984-08-29 | 1986-03-28 | Shimadzu Corp | Cooling method for hardening |
| JPS63149314A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-22 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Heat treatment furnace |
| US4993841A (en) * | 1987-02-05 | 1991-02-19 | Steridose Systems Ab | Magnetic impeller means for a mixing vessel |
| DE4121277C2 (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 2000-08-03 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Device and method for the automatic monitoring of operational safety and for controlling the process sequence in a vacuum heat treatment furnace |
| US5470152A (en) * | 1993-02-23 | 1995-11-28 | General Signal Corporation | Radially mounted magnetic coupling |
| JP3596930B2 (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 2004-12-02 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Quench furnace |
| CH690857A5 (en) * | 1995-07-04 | 2001-02-15 | Erich Bergmann | System for plasma-enhanced physical Hochvakuumbedampfung workpieces with wear-resistant coatings and methods for performing in this complex |
| ATE262598T1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2004-04-15 | Ipsen Int Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF METAL WORKPIECES |
| JP2005269709A (en) * | 2004-03-16 | 2005-09-29 | Maguneo Giken:Kk | Magnetic rotation transmitting unit and sealed agitator |
| WO2005123970A1 (en) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-29 | Narasimhan Gopinath | A process and device for hardening metal parts |
| JP3125138U (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2006-09-07 | エジソンハード株式会社 | Heat treatment furnace |
-
2009
- 2009-01-14 DE DE102009000200A patent/DE102009000200B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-02 EP EP09765082.4A patent/EP2387622B1/en active Active
- 2009-12-02 BR BRPI0922762A patent/BRPI0922762A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-12-02 WO PCT/EP2009/066202 patent/WO2010081587A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-12-02 US US13/144,232 patent/US20120067467A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-02 JP JP2011545647A patent/JP2012515262A/en active Pending
- 2009-12-02 CN CN2009801545012A patent/CN102282271A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2387622A1 (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| DE102009000200B3 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
| CN102282271A (en) | 2011-12-14 |
| WO2010081587A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
| US20120067467A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
| BRPI0922762A2 (en) | 2016-01-05 |
| JP2012515262A (en) | 2012-07-05 |
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