EP2385539B1 - Heat engine starter provided with an electronic control device - Google Patents
Heat engine starter provided with an electronic control device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2385539B1 EP2385539B1 EP11152654.7A EP11152654A EP2385539B1 EP 2385539 B1 EP2385539 B1 EP 2385539B1 EP 11152654 A EP11152654 A EP 11152654A EP 2385539 B1 EP2385539 B1 EP 2385539B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- switching means
- transistor switching
- transistor
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
- H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
- F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
- F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
- F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
- F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
- H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
- H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
- H01H50/541—Auxiliary contact devices
- H01H50/543—Auxiliary switch inserting resistor during closure of contactor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
- H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
- H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
- H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of thermal motor starters in motor vehicles. More particularly, the invention relates to a starter equipped with an electronic control device.
- the document EP 1 041 277 A1 discloses a thermal engine starter comprising the combination of a double contact electromagnetic contactor (1, 2) and an electronic control device (5, 4, 12).
- said device (5, 4, 12) comprises first transistor switching means (4) and second transistor switching means (12).
- FIG. Fig.1 Another dual contact starter 1a according to the prior art, including a contactor 10a, is described below with reference to FIG. Fig.1 .
- the contactor 10a comprises a body 104 in which translational movement a plunger 100 whose front end 101 is provided with a finger 1010.
- the rear end of the plunger 100 actuates two movable contact plates CM1 and CM2 for establish galvanic contacts between contact terminals C11, C12 and C21, C22.
- a return spring core 103 is disposed between the body and the front end 101 of the plunger 100 and exerts a restoring force opposing a translation thereof backwards.
- the contactor 10a also comprises two windings, L m and L a , having a common end. Another end of the winding L m is connected to an electrical ground M (conventionally connected to the chassis of the vehicle). Another end of the winding L a is connected to the terminals C12, C22 and an electric brush B1. The end common to the two windings, L m and L a , is connected to the positive terminal ("B +") of a battery 12 via a starting contact 13 of the vehicle (or any similar body acting). The terminal C11 is connected directly to the positive terminal B + of the battery 12. The terminals C21 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery 12 through a current limiting resistor RD.
- the starter 1 has an electric motor 11.
- This engine 11 is constituted conventionally an armature or rotor 110 (winding L3) and an inductor or stator 114 which may comprise permanent magnets.
- the armature 110 is fed conventionally via a slip ring 115, disposed at the rear of the motor 11, and two brushes B1 and B2, the brush B1 said positive being connected to the terminals C12, C22 and the broom B2 says negative being connected to mass M.
- a launcher here comprising a launcher pinion assembly 113, free wheel 112, meshing spring 115 and a pulley (not shown) in which is engaged a fork 15.
- a helical ramp 111 is also provided at the front of the motor 11.
- the mechanical coupling between the contactor 10a is the motor 11 is obtained by the fork 15 movable about an axis of rotation ⁇ 1. As it appears in Fig.1 , the upper end of this fork 15 is driven by the finger 1010.
- the lower end of the fork 15 is mechanically coupled to the launcher pulley, at the rear of the meshing spring 115, itself arranged between this lower end and the freewheel 112.
- the movable contact plate CM1 bypasses the contact terminals C11 and C12 (closed position), the contact terminals C21 and C22 remaining non-short. circuited (open position).
- the contact terminals C11 and C12 in the closed position connect, through the current limiting resistor RD, the positive brush B1 to the positive terminal B + of the battery 12 and feeds by running the motor 11, the electric circuit closing by the negative brush B2.
- the armature 110 (rotor) of the motor 11 begins to rotate about its axis of rotation ⁇ 2 in reduced regime, that is to say, at reduced speed and torque, because of the current limitation imposed by the resistance RD , which also causes a rotation R of the pinion 113.
- the pinion 113 approaches the ring gear 14 of the engine.
- the movable contact pad CM2 bypasses the contact terminals C21 and C22 (closed position), the contact terminals C11 and C12 remaining in the closed position.
- the contact terminals C21 and C22 in the closed position directly connect the positive brush B1 to the positive terminal B + of the battery 12.
- the motor 11 is then powered at full speed and rotates the engine for a start operation.
- the call winding L a is short-circuited since there has more potential difference between the end common to the two windings, L m and L a , and the contact C21-C22 both connected to the positive terminal of the battery 12.
- the movable contact pads CM1 and CM2 are maintained in position closed by the holding winding L m , acting on the plunger 100 and the return spring core 103.
- the electromagnetic force that developed in the contactor 10a ceases, the holding winding L m is no longer supplied.
- the plunger 100 is returned to its rest position by the spring 103 and the electrical connection battery 12 - motor 11 is broken.
- the motor 11 is no longer powered stops driving the pinion 113 in rotation.
- the plunger 100 returns to its initial position (towards the rear), it acts on the fork 15 which disengages the pinion 113 of the crown 14.
- this contactor comprises a plunger core, a first call winding, a second holding winding, a movable contact plate, first, second and third contact pads and the electrically controllable micro-actuator, the contactor having three operating states: a first state without electrical contact between the contact pads, a second state with an electrical contact between the first and second contact pads and a third state with an electrical contact between the first, second and third contact pads.
- the micro-actuator makes it possible to allow or prohibit switching between the second and third operating states of the contactor according to an electrical command applied to it.
- the present invention relates to a starter according to claim 1.
- the second transistor switching means control the excitation of the micro-actuator for a first predetermined duration after an activation of the electronic control device.
- the electronic control device allows a control of the delay between the second and third operating states of the contactor. It thus becomes possible to better control the sequencing of control of a starter and to easily adapt this sequencing to different applications of the starter.
- the second transistor switching means comprise at least one MOSFET transistor.
- the second transistor switching means comprise a first circuit RC with a time constant for the first predetermined duration.
- the first time-constant RC circuit is a derivation-type circuit.
- the second transistor switching means comprise a first voltage stabilization circuit providing a first stabilized voltage supplying the second transistor switching means.
- the first transistor switching means comprise at least one MOSFET transistor.
- the first transistor switching means comprise second and third integrator type time constant RC circuits, the second RC circuit controlling an activation start switching of the first transistor switching means and the third RC circuit controlling a switch-off activation of the first transistor switching means, the activation of the first transistor switching means producing the excitation of the winding call.
- the first predetermined duration ends between the activation start switching and the activation end switching of the first switching means. transistor.
- the starter according to the invention is particularly well suited for applications in motor vehicles equipped with the automatic stop-recovery function of the engine, also called “stop / start” or “stop & go” in English.
- the general configuration of a starter according to the invention takes up most of the configuration described with regard to the Fig.1 , that is to say a general configuration, in itself, in accordance with the prior art.
- the invention has an additional advantage because it does not require substantial modifications and remains compatible with technologies commonly used in the automotive industry.
- a starter with electromagnetic control now referenced 1
- a contactor now referenced 10
- the contactor 10 has particular double-contact characteristics which will be described hereinafter.
- an electronic control device ECC is provided for controlling the contactor 10.
- the different components of the starter 1 according to the invention are supplied with electrical energy by a battery 12.
- the battery 12 in addition to the windings L a , L m and L 3 , the battery 12 also feeds the electronic control device ECC.
- the contactor 10 comprises a double contact device 10dc which differs very substantially from the double contact device according to the prior art of the Fig.1 .
- the double contact device 10dc essentially comprises a movable contact pad CM, an electrically controllable micro-actuator in the form of a micro-solenoid MS, and three contact pads PC +, PC1 and PC2.
- the movable contact plate CM is actuated in translation by the rear end of the plunger 100 and is intended to establish a galvanic contact between the contact pad PC + and a mobile magnetic core NM of the micro-solenoid MS.
- the micro-solenoid MS is shown schematically at the Fig.2 to facilitate understanding of the operation of the double contact device 10dc
- the movable core NM is made for example of soft iron so as to have magnetic properties and electrical conduction.
- the micro-solenoid MS comprises a contact stirrup, for example made of copper, for the passage of the power electric current of the starter 1.
- the moving core NM is electrically connected to the contact pad PC1 by an electrically conductive braid TS.
- the braid TS is preferably copper.
- the micro-solenoid MS comprises an electric coil BO whose end is connected to the common end of the windings L a and L m which is connected to the terminal B + of the battery 12. The other end of the coil BO is connected to a connection terminal (not marked) of the electronic control device ECC.
- the contact pad PC + is connected to the terminal B + of the battery 12.
- the contact pad PC1 is connected to a connecting terminal (not marked) of the electronic control device ECC and to the brush B1 through the limiting resistor of current RD.
- the contact pad PC2 is connected directly to the brush B1.
- the electronic control device ECC is supplied with electrical energy after closure of the starting contact 13, via a connection 20 allowing a connection to the terminal B + of the battery 12.
- the electronic control device ECC is also connected to the winding L a , through a link 21, and controls the excitation thereof by allowing a connection to the mass M of the end of the winding L to other than that connected to the common end of the windings L a and L m .
- Figs.3A to 3C are schematic drawings voluntarily simplified to facilitate the understanding of the reader.
- the double contact device 10dc is shown in the open state designated "OV state" hereinafter.
- This state corresponds to a non-activation of the ignition contact 13.
- the electric motor 11 is not powered, no electrical connection being established between the contact pad PC + connected to the terminal B + of the battery 12 and one or other of the contact pads PC1, PC2.
- the movable contact pad CM is kept in its rest state by the mainspring spring 103 ( Fig.2 ).
- the micro-solenoid MS is not excited and the mobile core NM is also in its idle state.
- the double contact device 10dc is shown in a first closed state, namely, in a "1st closed contact” state, designated “state 1 CF” below, which corresponds to the closed state of the C11-C12 contact of the prior art shown in Fig.1 .
- the start contact 13 has been closed and is kept closed.
- the movable contact plate CM is pushed in translation by the plunger core 100 and provides electrical contact between the contact pad PC + and the mobile core NM. Since the mobile core NM is connected to the contact pad PC1 through the braid TS, the electrical contact is thus ensured between the contact pad PC + and the contact pad PC1.
- the coil BO of the micro-solenoid MS is excited here and the core NM exerts a force f 3 opposing the thrust of the movable contact plate CM, as shown in FIG. 3B in which the plate CM is shown slightly at an angle. The excitation of the coil BO therefore prohibits the translation of the mobile core NM and the electrical circuit remains open between the PC + and PC2 pads.
- An electrical connection is established only between the contact pad PC + and the contact pad PC1 and the electric motor 11 is supplied in reduced regime through the current limiting resistor RD.
- the double contact device 10dc is shown in a second closed state, namely, in a "2nd closed contact” state, designated “2CF state” hereinafter, which corresponds to the closed state of the C21-C22 contact of the prior art shown in Fig.1 .
- the design of the double contact device 10dc according to the invention allows an adjustable time delay between the 1CF state and the 2CF state, the transition from the first state to the second state being controlled by the de-excitation of the micro-solenoid MS, itself controlled. by the electronic control device ECC.
- FIGS. Figs.4A and 4B A practical embodiment of the contactor 10 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. Figs.4A and 4B in the open state OV and the 2nd closed contact state 2CF described with reference to Figs.3A and 3C .
- the contactor 10 is shown in longitudinal section at Figs.4A and 4B in order to show the implantation of the micro-solenoid MS in this one.
- the different functional elements of the double contact device 10dc appear at Figs.4A and 4B , with the exception of PC1 contact pad.
- micro-solenoid MS is now described in detail with reference to Figs.5, 6A, 6B and 6C .
- the micro-solenoid MS comprises, in addition to the coil BO and the moving core NM, an AN tank forming a coil housing and forming part of the magnetic circuit, a contact stirrup ET made of copper for the passage of the electric power current and a spring RE.
- the tank AN has an inner housing (visible to Figs.4A and 4B ) in which the BO coil is placed.
- the tank AN, containing the coil BO, and the spring RE are inserted into the movable core NM and the assembly is inserted between the upper and lower jaws of the stirrup-contact ET.
- One end of the copper braid TS is fixed on the contact stirrup ET, the other end thereof being connected to the contact pad PC1.
- An assembly with clamping of the movable core NM between the jaws of the stirrup-contact ET allows the mechanical strength of all parts of the micro-solenoid MS.
- the mounting and the mechanical positioning of the micro-solenoid MS in the double contact device 10dc are provided through the tank AN which is integral with a wall of the device 10dc.
- the Fig.6A shows the state of the micro-solenoid MS when the double contact device 10dc is in the OV state.
- the spring RE provides a thrust P R on the contact stirrup ET, and the latter and the mobile core NM are thus pushed down, without any electrical contact with the mobile plate MC and the stud. PC2.
- the Fig.6B shows the state of the micro-solenoid MS when the double device contact 10dc is in state 1 CF.
- the coil BO is energized and the force f 3 applied to the movable core NM and the stirrup-contact ET is added to the thrust P R of the spring RE and opposes their displacement under the action of the mobile plate CM.
- the Fig.6C shows the state of the micro-solenoid MS when the double contact device 10dc is in the 2CF state.
- state 2CF coil BO is no longer energized.
- the thrust P R of the spring RE is not sufficient to oppose the displacement of the core NM and the calliper ET under the action of the mobile plate MC.
- the core NM and the calliper ET come into high position and the electrical contact is then ensured between the mobile plate MC and the pads PC1 and PC2, via the core-stirrup assembly NM-ET and the braid TS.
- the ECC electronic controller is now described in detail with reference to Figs.7 , 8A, 8B and 8C .
- the ECC device can be housed inside a cover of the contactor 10.
- the ECC device can be made in the form of an ASIC.
- the electronic control device ECC is an analog type circuit.
- the ECC device essentially comprises three transistors T1, T2 and T3, two voltage stabilization circuits CZ1 and CZ2, three circuits RC1, RC2 and RC3 with a time constant and a switching lock circuit SL.
- Transistors T1, T2 and T3 are here of MOSFET type. Transistors T1 and T3 control the excitation of the call winding L a and the coil BO, respectively.
- a drain electrode of the transistor T1 is connected to the end of the winding L a other than that connected to the common end of the windings L a and L m .
- a source electrode of the transistor T1 is connected to the ground M.
- a drain electrode of the transistor T3 is connected to the end of the coil BO other than that connected to the common end of the windings L a and L m .
- a source electrode of the transistor T3 is connected to the ground M.
- the transistor T2 is intended to force the opening of the transistor T1 by connecting the ground M the gate thereof at the end of excitation of the winding L a .
- the transistor T2 comprises drain and source electrodes respectively connected to the gate of the transistor T1 and to the ground M.
- the voltage stabilization circuits CZ1 and CZ2 are conventional Zener diode circuits.
- the circuit CZ1 is formed of a resistor R6 and a zener diode Z1 and provides a stabilized voltage U1.
- the voltage U1 is produced from a voltage U APC which is available for the ECC device after the closing of the starting contact 13.
- the voltage U APC thus corresponds to the voltage U B of the battery 12 after closure of the start contact. 13.
- the circuit CZ2 is formed of a resistor R7 and a zener diode Z2 and provides a stabilized voltage U2.
- the voltage U2 is produced from a voltage U PC1 available on the contact pad PC1 in the state 1 CF of the double contact device 10dc.
- the voltage U PC1 therefore corresponds to the voltage U B when it becomes available on the pad PC1.
- the voltage stabilization circuit CZ1 supplies the voltage U1 to the circuits RC1 and RC2.
- the voltage stabilization circuit CZ2 supplies the voltage U2 to the circuits RC3 and SL.
- the RC1 circuit is of RC integrator circuit type and comprises two resistors R1 and R2 in series with a capacitor C1.
- the voltage U1 is applied to a first terminal of the resistor R1, a second terminal of which is connected to a first terminal of the capacitor C1.
- a second terminal of capacitor C1 is connected to a first terminal of resistor R2, a second terminal of which is connected to ground M.
- the point of connection between the terminals of resistor R1 and capacitor C1 is connected to the control gate of the transistor T1.
- the RC2 circuit is a derivation-type RC circuit and comprises a capacitor C3 in series with a resistor R5.
- the voltage U1 is applied to a first terminal of the capacitor C3.
- a second terminal of the capacitor C3 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R5, a second terminal of which is connected to the ground M.
- the point of connection between the terminals of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R5 is connected to a control gate of the transistor T3.
- the RC3 circuit is an integrating type RC circuit and comprises a resistor R3 in series with a capacitor C2.
- the voltage U2 is applied to a first terminal of the resistor R3.
- a second terminal of the resistor R3 is connected to a first terminal of the capacitor C2, a second terminal of which is connected to the ground M.
- the point of connection between the terminals of the resistor R3 and the capacitor C2 is connected to a control gate of the transistor T2.
- the switching lock circuit SL has a switching diode D1 in series with a resistor R4.
- the voltage U2 is applied to an anode of the diode D1, a cathode of which is connected to a first end of the resistor R4.
- a second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the gate of the transistor T1.
- the time t0 of the curves of Figs.8A, 8B and 8C corresponds to the closing of the starting contact 13.
- the voltage U APC is supplied to the voltage stabilization circuit CZ1 which applies the stabilized voltage U1 to the circuits RC1 and RC2.
- the excitation of the winding L a by the current I a causes the displacement of the movable core 100 of the contactor 10 and the double contact device 10dc switches to the state 1CF at time t1.
- Switching the double contact device 10dc to the 1CF state shows the voltage U PC1 on the contact pad PC1, as shown in FIG. Fig.8A .
- the voltage U PC1 supplies the voltage stabilization circuit CZ2 which then supplies the stabilized voltage U2 to the switching lock circuit SL and to the circuit RC3.
- the voltage U2 raises the voltage potential to the level of the gate of transistor T1 to a value equal to approximately U2 - 0.6V, 0.6 V being the voltage drop due to diode D1. This potential rise on the gate of transistor T1 locks transistor T1 in the closed state and thus avoids any switching bounces.
- the transistor T2 remains in the open state despite the appearance of the voltage U2, because of the time constant R3.C2 imposed by the RC3 circuit.
- the motor 11 is powered by the voltage U PC1 and starts its rotation in reduced speed. It follows a fall of the voltage U B and consecutively of the voltage U PC1 , visible at the Fig.8A due to the power current supplied to the motor 11. The drop in the voltage U B due to the motor 11 also produces a weakening of the currents I a and I ms , as shown in FIGS. Figs.8B and 8C but which remain of sufficient amplitude to maintain a correct excitation of the coil BO and winding L a .
- the charging voltage of the capacitor C3 reaches a value such that the voltage on the gate of the transistor T3 is no longer sufficient to maintain it in conduction.
- the transistor T3 then switches to the open state and interrupts the current I ms in the coil BO, as it appears in FIG. Fig.8C .
- PC2 contact pad double contact device 10dc is set at a voltage U PC2 PC1 .sensiblement equal to U and U B.
- the voltage PC2 U then feeds the engine 11 at full speed, the starter pinion 113 being at this stage engaged in the ring gear 14 of the engine.
- the current I a is maintained in the call winding L a until time t3.
- This maintenance of the excitation of the call winding L has for a duration equal to t3-t2 makes it possible to guard against a possible backtracking of the starter pinion 113. Maintaining the excitation of the winding of the appeal has to t3 can last a few milliseconds to tens of milliseconds after the time t2 according to the applications of the invention.
- the time t3 is determined by the time constant R3.C2 of the circuit RC3. At time t3, the charging voltage of capacitor C2 has reached a value sufficient to control transistor T2 in conduction. Transistor T2 switches to the closed state and earths the gate of transistor T1. The transistor T1 then switches from the closed state to the open state and interrupts the current I a in the winding L a .
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Relay Circuits (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
Description
De manière générale, l'invention concerne le domaine des démarreurs pour moteur thermique dans les véhicules automobiles. Plus particulièrement, l'invention concerne un démarreur équipé d'un dispositif de commande électronique.In general, the invention relates to the field of thermal motor starters in motor vehicles. More particularly, the invention relates to a starter equipped with an electronic control device.
Des démarreurs avec contacteur électromagnétique à double contact sont connus dans l'état de la technique.Starters with electromagnetic contactors with double contact are known in the state of the art.
Le document
Un autre démarreur à double contact 1a selon la technique antérieure, incluant un contacteur 10a, est décrit ci-dessous en référence à la
Le contacteur 10a comprend un corps 104 dans lequel se déplace en translation un noyau plongeur 100 dont l'extrémité avant 101 est munie d'un doigt 1010. L'extrémité arrière du noyau plongeur 100 actionne deux plaquettes de contact mobiles CM1 et CM2 destinées à établir des contacts galvaniques entre des bornes de contacts C11, C12 et C21, C22. Un ressort de rappel noyau 103 est disposé entre le corps et l'extrémité avant 101 du noyau plongeur 100 et exerce une force de rappel s'opposant à une translation de celui-ci vers l'arrière.The
Le contacteur 10a comprend également deux enroulements, Lm et La, ayant une extrémité commune. Une autre extrémité de l'enroulement Lm est reliée à une masse électrique M (reliée classiquement au châssis du véhicule). Une autre extrémité de l'enroulement La est reliée aux bornes C12, C22 et un balai électrique B1. L'extrémité commune aux deux enroulements, Lm et La, est reliée à la borne positive ("B+") d'une batterie 12 via un contact de démarrage 13 du véhicule (ou tout organe similaire en faisant fonction). La borne C11 est reliée directement à la borne positive B+ de la batterie 12. Les bornes C21 est reliée à la borne positive de la batterie 12 à travers une résistance de limitation de courant RD.The
Le démarreur 1 a comporte un moteur électrique 11. Ce moteur 11 est constitué de façon classique d'un induit ou rotor 110 (enroulement L3) et d'un inducteur ou stator 114 qui peut comporter des aimants permanents. L'induit 110 est alimenté classiquement par l'intermédiaire d'une bague collectrice 115, disposée à l'arrière du moteur 11, et de deux balais B1 et B2, le balai B1 dit positif étant relié aux bornes C12, C22 et le balai B2 dit négatif étant relié à la masse M.The
A l'avant du moteur 11 est disposé un lanceur comprenant ici un ensemble pignon lanceur 113, roue libre 112, ressort d'engrènement 115 et une poulie (non repérée) dans laquelle est engagée une fourchette 15. Une rampe hélicoïdale 111 est également prévue à l'avant du moteur 11. Le couplage mécanique entre le contacteur 10a est le moteur 11 est obtenu par la fourchette 15 mobile autour d'un axe de rotation Δ1. Comme cela apparaît à la
Lorsque le conducteur du véhicule actionne le contact de démarrage 13, le courant électrique circule alors dans les enroulements Lm et La du contacteur 10, la liaison à la masse M de l'enroulement La se faisant à travers le moteur 11. Il se développe alors dans le contacteur 10a une force électromagnétique qui a pour effet d'attirer le noyau 100 vers l'arrière (flèche f1). Le ressort 103 se comprime et exerce une force de rappel antagoniste. Le noyau plongeur 100 entraîne la fourchette 15 en rotation autour de l'axe Δ1 et l'extrémité inférieure de celle-ci entraîne à son tour l'ensemble ressort 115, roue libre 112 et pignon 113 vers l'avant (flèche f2).When the vehicle driver operates the
Lorsque le noyau plongeur 100 du contacteur 10a arrive à un niveau intermédiaire de sa course, la plaquette de contact mobile CM1 court-circuite les bornes de contacts C11 et C12 (position fermée), les bornes de contacts C21 et C22 restant elles non court-circuitées (position ouverte). Les bornes de contacts C11 et C12 en position fermée relient, à travers la résistance de limitation de courant RD, le balai positif B1 à la borne positive B+ de la batterie 12 et alimente en courant le moteur 11, le circuit électrique se refermant par le balai négatif B2. L'induit 110 (rotor) du moteur 11 commence à tourner autour de son axe de rotation Δ2 en régime réduit, c'est-à-dire, à vitesse et couple réduits, du fait de la limitation en courant imposée par la résistance RD, ce qui occasionne également une rotation R du pignon 113. Animé d'un double mouvement, translation (flèche f2) et rotation R, le pignon 113 s'approche de la couronne dentée 14 du moteur thermique.When the
De façon plus précise, deux cas peuvent alors se produire:
- 1) Le
pignon 113 engrène directement dans lacouronne 14 dans son mouvement de translation (flèche f2) et lenoyau plongeur 100 poursuivra sa translation jusqu'à arriver en fin de course. - 2) Une dent du
pignon 113 bute contre une dent de lacouronne 14, ce qui a tendance à bloquer également la course dunoyau plongeur 100. Le ressort delanceur 115 permet la poursuite de l'avance du noyau plongeur 100, puisque ceressort 115 se comprime, la poulie pouvant coulisser sur l'arbre. L'entraînement en régime réduit dupignon 113 par lemoteur 11 évite d'abîmer les dents dupignon 113 et de lacouronne 14 par effet dit de « fraisage ». Du fait de ses mouvements de rotation et translation, lepignon 113 finit par engrener dans lacouronne 14 et lenoyau plongeur 100 poursuit sa translation jusqu'à arriver en fin de course.
- 1) The
gear 113 meshes directly into thecrown 14 in its translational movement (arrow f 2 ) and theplunger 100 will continue its translation until it reaches the end of the race. - 2) A
pinion tooth 113 abuts against a tooth of thecrown 14, which also tends to block the stroke of theplunger 100. Thelauncher spring 115 allows theplunger 100 to continue to advance, since thisspring 115 is compressed, the pulley sliding on the shaft. The reducedspeed drive pinion 113 by themotor 11 avoids damage to the teeth of thepinion 113 and thering 14 by effect called "milling". Due to its rotational and translational movements, thepinion 113 eventually engages in thering 14 and theplunger 100 continues its translation until it reaches the end of the race.
Lorsque le noyau plongeur 100 du contacteur 10a arrive en bout de sa course, la plaquette de contact mobile CM2 court-circuite les bornes de contacts C21 et C22 (position fermée), les bornes de contacts C11 et C12 restant en position fermée. Les bornes de contacts C21 et C22 en position fermée relient directement le balai positif B1 à la borne positive B+ de la batterie 12. Le moteur 11 est alors alimenté à plein régime et entraîne en rotation le moteur thermique pour une opération de démarrage.When the
Dans la situation ci-dessus, l'enroulement d'appel La est court-circuité puisqu'il n'y a plus de différence de potentiel entre l'extrémité commune aux deux enroulements, Lm et La, et le contact C21-C22 reliés tous deux à la borne positive de la batterie 12. Les plaquettes de contact mobiles CM1 et CM2 sont maintenues en position fermée par l'enroulement de maintien Lm, agissant sur le noyau plongeur 100 et le ressort de rappel noyau 103.In the situation above, the call winding L a is short-circuited since there has more potential difference between the end common to the two windings, L m and L a , and the contact C21-C22 both connected to the positive terminal of the
Lorsque le conducteur coupe le circuit de démarrage en ouvrant le contact de démarrage 13, la force électromagnétique qui se développait dans le contacteur 10a cesse, l'enroulement de maintien Lm n'étant plus alimenté. Le noyau plongeur 100 est rappelé à sa position de repos par le ressort 103 et la liaison électrique batterie 12 - moteur 11 est rompue. Le moteur 11 n'étant plus alimenté cesse d'entraîner le pignon 113 en rotation. En outre, puisque le noyau plongeur 100 revient à sa position initiale (vers l'arrière), il agit sur la fourchette 15 qui désengage le pignon 113 de la couronne 14.When the driver cuts off the starting circuit by opening the
Par contre, si le conducteur maintient le contact de démarrage 13 en position fermée plus longtemps que nécessaire, le moteur thermique du véhicule commence à fonctionner, le pignon 113, donc l'induit 110 du moteur 11, est soumis en conséquence à une vitesse de rotation très élevée (typiquement, pour un moteur thermique tournant à 3 000 tr/mn, la vitesse de rotation du pignon atteindra 25 000 tr/mn, le rapport de démultiplication "couronne - moteur" étant généralement compris entre de 8/1 et 16/1). Pour éviter la centrifugation du moteur 11, il est donc nécessaire de désaccoupler l'arbre de démarreur du pignon 113. C'est le rôle qui est dévolu à la roue libre 112.On the other hand, if the driver maintains the
Dans le contacteur 10a de la
Cette solution de la technique antérieure donne globalement satisfaction. Cependant, il est souhaitable de proposer des perfectionnements offrant des degrés de liberté supplémentaires dans la conception d'un démarreur du type décrit, notamment en termes de maîtrise de la temporisation entre les fermetures de contacts lors d'une opération de démarrage.This solution of the prior art gives overall satisfaction. However, it is desirable to propose improvements offering additional degrees of freedom in the design of a starter of the type described, in particular in terms of control of the delay between the contact closures during a startup operation.
A cette fin, le demandeur propose, dans sa demande de brevet français déposée conjointement à la présente demande, une nouvelle conception de contacteur électromagnétique à double contact incorporant un micro-actionneur commandable électriquement. Plus précisément, ce contacteur comprend un noyau plongeur, un premier enroulement d'appel, un deuxième enroulement de maintien, une plaquette de contact mobile, des premier, second et troisième plots de contact et le micro-actionneur commandable électriquement, le contacteur ayant trois états de fonctionnement : un premier état sans contact électrique entre les plots de contact, un second état avec un contact électrique entre les premier et second plots de contact et un troisième état avec un contact électrique entre les premier, second et troisième plots de contact.To this end, the applicant proposes, in his French patent application filed jointly with the present application, a new design of electromagnetic contactor with double contact incorporating an electrically controllable micro-actuator. More specifically, this contactor comprises a plunger core, a first call winding, a second holding winding, a movable contact plate, first, second and third contact pads and the electrically controllable micro-actuator, the contactor having three operating states: a first state without electrical contact between the contact pads, a second state with an electrical contact between the first and second contact pads and a third state with an electrical contact between the first, second and third contact pads.
Dans un tel contacteur, le micro-actionneur permet d'autoriser ou interdire une commutation entre les second et troisième états de fonctionnement du contacteur selon une commande électrique qui lui est appliquée.In such a contactor, the micro-actuator makes it possible to allow or prohibit switching between the second and third operating states of the contactor according to an electrical command applied to it.
La présente invention concerne un démarreur selon la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a starter according to
Selon une autre caractéristique, les seconds moyens de commutation à transistor commandent l'excitation du micro-actionneur pendant une première durée prédéterminée après une activation du dispositif de commande électronique. Avantageusement, le dispositif de commande électronique permet un contrôle de la temporisation entre les second et troisième états de fonctionnement du contacteur. Il devient ainsi possible de mieux maîtriser le séquencement de commande d'un démarreur et d'adapter aisément ce séquencement à différentes applications du démarreur.According to another characteristic, the second transistor switching means control the excitation of the micro-actuator for a first predetermined duration after an activation of the electronic control device. Advantageously, the electronic control device allows a control of the delay between the second and third operating states of the contactor. It thus becomes possible to better control the sequencing of control of a starter and to easily adapt this sequencing to different applications of the starter.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, les seconds moyens de commutation à transistor comprennent au moins un transistor de type MOSFET.According to one particular embodiment, the second transistor switching means comprise at least one MOSFET transistor.
Selon une caractéristique particulière de l'invention, les seconds moyens de commutation à transistor comprennent un premier circuit RC à constante de temps pour la première durée prédéterminée. De préférence, le premier circuit RC à constante de temps est un circuit de type dérivateur.According to a particular characteristic of the invention, the second transistor switching means comprise a first circuit RC with a time constant for the first predetermined duration. Preferably, the first time-constant RC circuit is a derivation-type circuit.
Selon une autre caractéristique particulière de l'invention, les seconds moyens de commutation à transistor comprennent un premier circuit de stabilisation de tension fournissant une première tension stabilisée alimentant les seconds moyens de commutation à transistor.According to another particular characteristic of the invention, the second transistor switching means comprise a first voltage stabilization circuit providing a first stabilized voltage supplying the second transistor switching means.
Selon encore une autre caractéristique particulière de l'invention, les premiers moyens de commutation à transistor comprennent au moins un transistor de type MOSFET.According to yet another particular characteristic of the invention, the first transistor switching means comprise at least one MOSFET transistor.
Selon une forme de réalisation particulière, les premiers moyens de commutation à transistor comprennent des second et troisième circuits RC à constante de temps de type intégrateur, le second circuit RC commandant une commutation de début d'activation des premiers moyens de commutation à transistor et le troisième circuit RC commandant une commutation de fin d'activation des premiers moyens de commutation à transistor, l'activation des premiers moyens de commutation à transistor produisant l'excitation de l'enroulement d'appel.According to a particular embodiment, the first transistor switching means comprise second and third integrator type time constant RC circuits, the second RC circuit controlling an activation start switching of the first transistor switching means and the third RC circuit controlling a switch-off activation of the first transistor switching means, the activation of the first transistor switching means producing the excitation of the winding call.
Selon une autre caractéristique particulière de l'invention, la première durée prédéterminée s'achève entre la commutation de début d'activation et la commutation de fin d'activation des premiers moyens de commutation à transistor.According to another particular characteristic of the invention, the first predetermined duration ends between the activation start switching and the activation end switching of the first switching means. transistor.
Le démarreur selon l'invention est particulièrement bien adapté pour des applications dans des véhicules automobiles équipés de la fonction d'arrêt-relance automatique du moteur thermique, dite également « stop/start » ou « stop & go » en anglais.The starter according to the invention is particularly well suited for applications in motor vehicles equipped with the automatic stop-recovery function of the engine, also called "stop / start" or "stop & go" in English.
L'invention va maintenant être décrite de façon plus détaillée à travers des formes de réalisation particulières de celle-ci, en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :
- la
Fig.1 illustre schématiquement un démarreur avec contacteur à double contact selon la technique antérieure; - la
Fig.2 illustre schématiquement une forme de réalisation particulière du démarreur avec contacteur à double contact selon l'invention; - les
Figs.3A, 3B et 3C illustrent schématiquement différents états d'ouverture/fermeture d'un dispositif de double contact du démarreur de laFig.2 et les états correspondants d'un circuit de puissance alimentant le moteur électrique du démarreur; - les
Figs.4A et4B sont des vues en coupe d'une forme de réalisation particulière d'un contacteur à double contact inclut dans un démarreur selon l'invention; - la
Fig.5 est une vue éclatée en perspective d'une forme de réalisation particulière d'un micro-solénoïde inclus dans le contacteur desFigs.4A et4B ; - les
Figs.6A, 6C et 6B montrent des états de travail/repos du micro-solénoïde de laFig.5 ; - la
Fig.7 est un schéma électrique d'une forme de réalisation particulière d'un dispositif de commande électronique inclut dans le démarreur selon la présente invention; et - les
Figs.8A, 8B et 8C montrent des courbes de tension et courant relatives au fonctionnement du dispositif de commande électronique de laFig.7 .
- the
Fig.1 schematically illustrates a starter with double contact contactor according to the prior art; - the
Fig.2 schematically illustrates a particular embodiment of the starter with double contact contactor according to the invention; - the
Figs.3A, 3B and 3C schematically illustrate different states of opening / closing of a double contact device of the starter of theFig.2 and corresponding states of a power circuit powering the starter motor; - the
Figs.4A and4B are sectional views of a particular embodiment of a double contact contactor included in a starter according to the invention; - the
Fig.5 is an exploded perspective view of a particular embodiment of a micro-solenoid included in the contactor of theFigs.4A and4B ; - the
Figs.6A, 6C and 6B show working / rest states of the micro-solenoid of theFig.5 ; - the
Fig.7 is a circuit diagram of a particular embodiment of an electronic control device included in the starter according to the present invention. invention; and - the
Figs.8A, 8B and 8C show voltage and current curves relating to the operation of the electronic control device of theFig.7 .
En référence aux
La configuration générale d'un démarreur selon l'invention reprend l'essentiel de la configuration décrite en regard de la
Aussi, dans ce qui suit, les éléments communs à la
Comme cela apparaît à la
Comme déjà décrit ci-dessus en référence à la
Comme montré à la
Le dispositif de double contact 10dc comprend essentiellement une plaquette de contact mobile CM, un micro-actionneur commandable électriquement sous la forme d'un micro-solénoïde MS, et trois plots de contact PC+, PC1 et PC2.The double contact device 10dc essentially comprises a movable contact pad CM, an electrically controllable micro-actuator in the form of a micro-solenoid MS, and three contact pads PC +, PC1 and PC2.
La plaquette de contact mobile CM est actionnée en translation par l'extrémité arrière du noyau plongeur 100 et est destinée à établir un contact galvanique entre le plot de contact PC+ et un noyau magnétique mobile NM du micro-solénoïde MS.The movable contact plate CM is actuated in translation by the rear end of the
Le micro-solénoïde MS est représenté de manière schématique à la
Toujours en référence à la
Le plot de contact PC+ est relié à la borne B+ de la batterie 12. Le plot de contact PC1 est relié à une borne de raccordement (non repéré) du dispositif de commande électronique ECC et au balai B1 à travers la résistance de limitation de courant RD. Le plot de contact PC2 est quant à lui relié directement au balai B1.The contact pad PC + is connected to the terminal B + of the
Le dispositif de commande électronique ECC est alimenté en énergie électrique après fermeture du contact de démarrage 13, par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison 20 autorisant un raccordement à la borne B+ de la batterie 12. Le dispositif de commande électronique ECC est également raccordé à l'enroulement La, à travers une liaison 21, et commande l'excitation de celui-ci en autorisant une connexion à la masse M de l'extrémité de l'enroulement La autre que celle reliée à l'extrémité commune des enroulements La et Lm.The electronic control device ECC is supplied with electrical energy after closure of the starting
Le fonctionnement du dispositif de double contact 10dc est maintenant décrit en référence plus particulièrement aux
A la
A la
Dans cet état 1CF, le contact de démarrage 13 a été fermé et est maintenu fermé. La plaquette de contact mobile CM est poussée en translation par le noyau plongeur 100 et assure un contact électrique entre le plot de contact PC+ et le noyau mobile NM. Le noyau mobile NM étant relié au plot de contact PC1 à travers la tresse TS, le contact électrique est donc assuré entre le plot de contact PC+ et le plot de contact PC1. La bobine BO du micro-solénoïde MS est ici excitée et le noyau NM exerce une force f3 s'opposant à la poussée de la plaquette de contact mobile CM, comme montré à la
A la
Dans cet état, le contact de démarrage 13 est toujours fermé. L'excitation de la bobine BO a été interrompue et le noyau mobile NM poussé par la plaquette CM vient donc en contact avec le plot PC2. Une connexion électrique est alors établie entre le plot de contact PC+ et les plots de contact PC1 et PC2. Le plot PC2 étant relié directement au moteur électrique 11, ce dernier est alimenté à plein régime.In this state, the
La conception du dispositif de double contact 10dc selon l'invention autorise une temporisation réglable entre l'état 1CF et l'état 2CF, le passage du premier état au second état étant commandé par la désexcitation du micro-solénoïde MS, elle-même commandée par le dispositif de commande électronique ECC.The design of the double contact device 10dc according to the invention allows an adjustable time delay between the 1CF state and the 2CF state, the transition from the first state to the second state being controlled by the de-excitation of the micro-solenoid MS, itself controlled. by the electronic control device ECC.
Une forme de réalisation pratique du contacteur 10 selon l'invention est montrée aux
Le micro-solénoïde MS est maintenant décrit de manière détaillée en référence aux
Comme montré à la
La cuve AN comporte un logement intérieur (visible aux
Comme cela apparaît aux
La
La
La
Le dispositif de commande électronique ECC est maintenant décrit en détail en référence aux
Compte tenu du nombre modéré de composants électronique inclus dans le dispositif ECC, on notera que celui-ci peut être logé à l'intérieur d'un capot du contacteur 10. Par ailleurs, on notera que dans certaines formes de réalisation de l'invention, le dispositif ECC pourra être réalisé sous la forme d'un ASIC.Given the moderate number of electronic components included in the ECC device, it will be noted that it can be housed inside a cover of the
Comme montré à la
Les transistors T1, T2 et T3 sont ici de type MOSFET. Le transistors T1 et T3 commandent l'excitation de l'enroulement d'appel La et de la bobine BO, respectivement.Transistors T1, T2 and T3 are here of MOSFET type. Transistors T1 and T3 control the excitation of the call winding L a and the coil BO, respectively.
Une électrode de drain du transistor T1 est reliée à l'extrémité de l'enroulement La autre que celle reliée à l'extrémité commune des enroulements La et Lm. Une électrode de source du transistor T1 est reliée à la masse M.A drain electrode of the transistor T1 is connected to the end of the winding L a other than that connected to the common end of the windings L a and L m . A source electrode of the transistor T1 is connected to the ground M.
Une électrode de drain du transistor T3 est reliée à l'extrémité de la bobine BO autre que celle reliée à l'extrémité commune des enroulements La et Lm. Une électrode de source du transistor T3 est reliée à la masse M.A drain electrode of the transistor T3 is connected to the end of the coil BO other than that connected to the common end of the windings L a and L m . A source electrode of the transistor T3 is connected to the ground M.
Le transistor T2, comme cela apparaîtra plus clairement dans la suite de la description, est destiné à forcer l'ouverture du transistor T1 en reliant à la masse M la grille de celui-ci en fin d'excitation de l'enroulement La. Le transistor T2 comprend des électrodes de drain et de source reliées respectivement à la grille du transistor T1 et à la masse M.The transistor T2, as will appear more clearly in the following description, is intended to force the opening of the transistor T1 by connecting the ground M the gate thereof at the end of excitation of the winding L a . The transistor T2 comprises drain and source electrodes respectively connected to the gate of the transistor T1 and to the ground M.
Les circuits de stabilisation de tension CZ1 et CZ2 sont des circuits classiques à diode de Zéner.The voltage stabilization circuits CZ1 and CZ2 are conventional Zener diode circuits.
Le circuit CZ1 est formé d'une résistance R6 et d'une diode de Zéner Z1 et fournit une tension stabilisée U1. La tension U1 est produite à partir d'une tension UAPC qui est disponible pour le dispositif ECC après la fermeture du contact de démarrage 13. La tension UAPC correspond donc à la tension UB de la batterie 12 après fermeture du contact de démarrage 13.The circuit CZ1 is formed of a resistor R6 and a zener diode Z1 and provides a stabilized voltage U1. The voltage U1 is produced from a voltage U APC which is available for the ECC device after the closing of the starting
Le circuit CZ2 est formé d'une résistance R7 et d'une diode de Zéner Z2 et fournit une tension stabilisée U2. La tension U2 est produite à partir d'une tension UPC1 disponible sur le plot de contact PC1 dans l'état 1 CF du dispositif de double contact 10dc. La tension UPC1 correspond donc à la tension UB lorsque celle-ci devient disponible sur le plot PC1.The circuit CZ2 is formed of a resistor R7 and a zener diode Z2 and provides a stabilized voltage U2. The voltage U2 is produced from a voltage U PC1 available on the contact pad PC1 in the
Le circuit de stabilisation de tension CZ1 fournit la tension U1 aux circuits RC1 et RC2. Le circuit de stabilisation de tension CZ2 fournit la tension U2 aux circuits RC3 et SL.The voltage stabilization circuit CZ1 supplies the voltage U1 to the circuits RC1 and RC2. The voltage stabilization circuit CZ2 supplies the voltage U2 to the circuits RC3 and SL.
Le circuit RC1 est de type circuit RC intégrateur et comprend deux résistances R1 et R2 en série avec un condensateur C1. La tension U1 est appliquée à une première borne de la résistance R1 dont une seconde borne est reliée à une première borne du condensateur C1. Une seconde borne du condensateur C1 est reliée à une première borne de la résistance R2 dont une seconde borne est reliée à la masse M. Le point de connexion entre les bornes de la résistance R1 et du condensateur C1 est relié à la grille de commande du transistor T1.The RC1 circuit is of RC integrator circuit type and comprises two resistors R1 and R2 in series with a capacitor C1. The voltage U1 is applied to a first terminal of the resistor R1, a second terminal of which is connected to a first terminal of the capacitor C1. A second terminal of capacitor C1 is connected to a first terminal of resistor R2, a second terminal of which is connected to ground M. The point of connection between the terminals of resistor R1 and capacitor C1 is connected to the control gate of the transistor T1.
Le circuit RC2 est un circuit RC de type dérivateur et comprend un condensateur C3 en série avec une résistance R5. La tension U1 est appliquée à une première borne du condensateur C3. Une seconde borne du condensateur C3 est reliée à une première borne de la résistance R5 dont une seconde borne est reliée à la masse M. Le point de connexion entre les bornes du condensateur C3 et de la résistance R5 est relié à une grille de commande du transistor T3.The RC2 circuit is a derivation-type RC circuit and comprises a capacitor C3 in series with a resistor R5. The voltage U1 is applied to a first terminal of the capacitor C3. A second terminal of the capacitor C3 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R5, a second terminal of which is connected to the ground M. The point of connection between the terminals of the capacitor C3 and the resistor R5 is connected to a control gate of the transistor T3.
Le circuit RC3 est un circuit RC type intégrateur et comprend une résistance R3 en série avec un condensateur C2. La tension U2 est appliquée à une première borne de la résistance R3. Une seconde borne de la résistance R3 est reliée à une première borne du condensateur C2 dont une seconde borne est reliée à la masse M. Le point de connexion entre les bornes de la résistance R3 et du condensateur C2 est relié à une grille de commande du transistor T2.The RC3 circuit is an integrating type RC circuit and comprises a resistor R3 in series with a capacitor C2. The voltage U2 is applied to a first terminal of the resistor R3. A second terminal of the resistor R3 is connected to a first terminal of the capacitor C2, a second terminal of which is connected to the ground M. The point of connection between the terminals of the resistor R3 and the capacitor C2 is connected to a control gate of the transistor T2.
Le circuit de verrouillage de commutation SL comporte une diode de commutation D1 en série avec une résistance R4. La tension U2 est appliquée à une anode de la diode D1 dont une cathode est reliée à une première extrémité de la résistance R4. Une seconde extrémité de la résistance R4 est reliée à la grille du transistor T1.The switching lock circuit SL has a switching diode D1 in series with a resistor R4. The voltage U2 is applied to an anode of the diode D1, a cathode of which is connected to a first end of the resistor R4. A second end of the resistor R4 is connected to the gate of the transistor T1.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif ECC est maintenant décrit en référence également aux courbes des
Le temps t0 des courbes des
Au temps t0, la tension UAPC est fournie au circuit de stabilisation de tension CZ1 qui applique la tension stabilisée U1 aux circuits RC1 et RC2.At time t0, the voltage U APC is supplied to the voltage stabilization circuit CZ1 which applies the stabilized voltage U1 to the circuits RC1 and RC2.
Le condensateur C3 du circuit RC2 étant déchargé au temps t0, la tension U1 apparaît sur l'électrode de grille du transistor T3 qui passe de l'état ouvert à l'état fermé. Comme montré à la
Le condensateur C1 du circuit RC1 étant déchargé à t0, il apparaît une tension égale à U1.(R2/(R1+R2)) sur la grille du transistor T1. On notera que le transistor T2 est alors à l'état ouvert, aucune tension n'étant appliquée sur sa grille. Le transistor T1 commute progressivement de l'état ouvert à l'état fermé au fur et à mesure que sa tension de grille s'accroît avec la charge du condensateur C1. La diode D1, polarisée alors en inverse, empêche le passage d'un courant allant vers la masse M à travers le circuit SL, courant qui perturberait la charge du condensateur C1. Comme montré à la
L'excitation de l'enroulement La par le courant Ia provoque le déplacement du noyau mobile 100 du contacteur 10 et le dispositif de double contact 10dc commute à l'état 1CF au temps t1. La commutation du dispositif de double contact 10dc à l'état 1CF fait apparaître la tension UPC1 sur le plot de contact PC1, comme montré à la
Au temps t1, la tension UPC1 alimente le circuit de stabilisation de tension CZ2 qui fournit alors la tension stabilisée U2 au circuit de verrouillage de commutation SL et au circuit RC3.At time t1, the voltage U PC1 supplies the voltage stabilization circuit CZ2 which then supplies the stabilized voltage U2 to the switching lock circuit SL and to the circuit RC3.
A travers le circuit SL, la tension U2 fait monter le potentiel de tension au niveau de la grille du transistor T1 à une valeur égale à U2 - 0,6V environ, 0,6 V étant la chute de tension due à la diode D1. Cette montée de potentiel sur la grille du transistor T1 verrouille le transistor T1 à l'état fermé et évite ainsi des éventuels rebonds de commutation.Through the SL circuit, the voltage U2 raises the voltage potential to the level of the gate of transistor T1 to a value equal to approximately U2 - 0.6V, 0.6 V being the voltage drop due to diode D1. This potential rise on the gate of transistor T1 locks transistor T1 in the closed state and thus avoids any switching bounces.
Au temps t1, le transistor T2 reste à l'état ouvert malgré l'apparition de la tension U2, du fait de la constante de temps R3.C2 imposée par le circuit RC3.At time t1, the transistor T2 remains in the open state despite the appearance of the voltage U2, because of the time constant R3.C2 imposed by the RC3 circuit.
Toujours au temps t1, le moteur 11 est alimenté par la tension UPC1 et démarre sa rotation en régime réduit. Il s'ensuit une chute de la tension UB et consécutivement de la tension UPC1, visible à la
La charge du condensateur C3 démarrée au temps t0 à partir de la tension U1 se poursuit avec la constante de temps R5.C5. Au temps t2, montré aux
L'interruption du courant Ims dans la bobine BO au temps t2 provoque une commutation du dispositif de double contact 10dc de l'état 1 CF vers l'état 2CF. A l'état 2CF, le plot de contact PC2 du dispositif de double contact 10dc est mis à une tension UPC2.sensiblement égale à UPC1 et UB. La tension UPC2 alimente alors le moteur 11 à plein régime, le pignon lanceur 113 étant à ce stade engagé dans la couronne dentée 14 du moteur thermique.The interruption of the current I ms in the coil BO at time t2 causes a switching of the double contact device 10dc from the
Toujours au temps t2, comme cela apparaît aux
Comme montré à la
Le temps t3 est déterminé par la constante de temps R3.C2 du circuit RC3. Au temps t3, la tension de charge du condensateur C2 a atteint une valeur suffisante pour commander en conduction le transistor T2. Le transistor T2 commute à l'état fermé et met à la masse M la grille du transistor T1. Le transistor T1 commute alors de l'état fermé à l'état ouvert et interrompt le courant Ia dans l'enroulement La.The time t3 is determined by the time constant R3.C2 of the circuit RC3. At time t3, the charging voltage of capacitor C2 has reached a value sufficient to control transistor T2 in conduction. Transistor T2 switches to the closed state and earths the gate of transistor T1. The transistor T1 then switches from the closed state to the open state and interrupts the current I a in the winding L a .
Après le temps t3, le maintien de l'engagement du pignon lanceur 113 dans la couronne dentée 14 est assuré grâce à l'excitation de l'enroulement de maintien Lm qui se poursuit tant que le contact de démarrage 13 reste fermé.After the time t3, the maintenance of the engagement of the
Conformément à l'invention, en ajustant la constante de temps R5.C3 du circuit RC2, il est possible de régler aisément une temporisation TEMP = t2 - t1 entre le régime réduit du moteur 11 et son plein régime.According to the invention, by adjusting the time constant R5.C3 of the circuit RC2, it is possible to easily adjust a time delay TEMP = t2-t1 between the reduced speed of the
Claims (9)
- Starter for a heat engine, characterized in that it comprises the association of a dual-contact electromagnetic contactor (10) and an electronic control device (ECC) said contactor comprising an adjustable core (100), an inrush winding (La), a holding winding (Lm), a mobile contact plate (CM1) and first, second and third contact points (PC+, PC1 and PC2) and said electronic control device (ECC) comprising first transistor switching means (T1, T2, CZ2, RC1, RC3, SL) for controlling the excitation of said inrush winding (La), said contactor (10) comprising an electrically-controllable micro-actuator of microsolenoid (MS) type and said electronic control device (ECC) comprises second transistor switching means (T3, CZ2, RC2) for controlling the excitation of said micro-actuator (MS),
the contactor having three operating states: a first state without electrical contact between the contact points, a second state with an electrical contact between the first and second contact points and a third state with an electrical contact between the first, second and third contact points,
said micro-actuator (MS) allowing or prohibiting a switchover between the second and third operating states of the contactor according to the electrical control which is applied to it. - Starter according to Claim 1, characterized in that said second transistor switching means (T3, CZ2, RC2) control the excitation of said micro-actuator (MS) for a first predetermined duration (t2-t0) after an activation of said electronic control device (ECC).
- Starter according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said second transistor switching means comprise at least one transistor (T3) of MOSFET type.
- Starter according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said second transistor switching means comprise a first RC circuit with time constant (RC2) for said first predetermined duration (t2-t0).
- Starter according to Claim 4, characterized in that said first RC circuit with time constant (RC2) is a circuit of shunter type.
- Starter according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said second transistor switching means comprise a first voltage stabilization circuit (CZ1) supplying a first stabilized voltage (U1) powering said second transistor switching means.
- Starter according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said first transistor switching means comprise at least one transistor (T1, T2) of MOSFET type.
- Starter according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said first transistor switching means comprise second and third RC circuits with time constant (RC1, RC3) of integrator type, said second RC circuit (RC1) controlling a start-of-activation (t1) switchover of said first transistor switching means and said third RC circuit (RC3) controlling an end-of-activation (t3) switchover of said first transistor switching means, the activation of said first transistor switching means producing the excitation of said inrush winding (La).
- Starter according to Claim 4, characterized in that said first predetermined duration (t2-t0) is completed (t2) between a start-of-activation (t1) switchover and an end-of-activation (t3) switchover of said first transistor switching means.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1053594A FR2959891B1 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2010-05-07 | ELECTRONIC CONTROL DEVICE FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC CONTACTOR WITH DOUBLE CONTACT AND STARTER FOR THERMAL MOTOR INCORPORATING THE SAME |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2385539A1 EP2385539A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
EP2385539B1 true EP2385539B1 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
Family
ID=43216946
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11152654.7A Not-in-force EP2385539B1 (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2011-01-31 | Heat engine starter provided with an electronic control device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8416551B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2385539B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5735342B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102235285B (en) |
FR (1) | FR2959891B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101354250B1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2014-01-22 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Motor device of intake manifold |
FR2985084B1 (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2015-03-13 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCH FOR THERMAL ENGINE STARTER COMPRISING AT LEAST TWO MOVING CONTACTS |
JP5949651B2 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2016-07-13 | 株式会社デンソー | Starter |
JP5962575B2 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2016-08-03 | 株式会社デンソー | Starter |
CN103742329A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-04-23 | 东风汽车电气有限公司 | Multifunctional electronic relay for starter |
FR3017989B1 (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2017-09-01 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | IMPROVED MICRO-SOLENOID CONTACTOR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER AND CORRESPONDING STARTER |
FR3017991B1 (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2016-02-12 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | IMPROVED MICRO-SOLENOID CONTACTOR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER AND CORRESPONDING STARTER |
FR3017990B1 (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2017-09-01 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | IMPROVED MICRO-SOLENOID CONTACTOR FOR MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER AND CORRESPONDING STARTER |
FR3025258B1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2019-03-29 | Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur | MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER HAVING A CONNECTOR FOR CONNECTING AN AUXILIARY ELEMENT |
CN105720744B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2020-06-09 | 法雷奥电机设备公司 | Motor vehicle starter provided with a thermal protection system |
CN107850031B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 慷市达汽车配件技术私人有限公司 | Arrangement of solenoid assembly with electronic switch for starting motor |
CN105863922B (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2018-04-06 | 朔州市三通亿达汽车电器有限责任公司 | A kind of starter control apparatus |
FR3053080A1 (en) | 2016-06-24 | 2017-12-29 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | STARTER FOR MOTOR VEHICLE |
DE102017223106A1 (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2019-06-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for internal combustion engines and method for operating such |
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US4606307A (en) * | 1983-12-01 | 1986-08-19 | Cook Norman E | Automatic starting system |
KR900009058B1 (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1990-12-17 | 미쓰비시전기 주식회사 | Switch controller for starter motor |
JPS63134432U (en) * | 1987-02-25 | 1988-09-02 | ||
US4917410A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1990-04-17 | General Motors Corporation | Electronic starting motor control |
JP3019575B2 (en) * | 1992-01-30 | 2000-03-13 | 株式会社デンソー | Engine starter |
DE19532484B4 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 2005-08-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for starting an internal combustion engine |
EP0808420B1 (en) * | 1995-02-03 | 1999-04-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for an internal combustion engine |
JPH1089217A (en) * | 1996-09-17 | 1998-04-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Vehicular antitheft device |
FR2770349B1 (en) * | 1997-10-24 | 2000-01-14 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A STARTER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
US5951440A (en) * | 1998-06-12 | 1999-09-14 | Reichlinger; Gary | Engine controller with operator interface |
FR2787946B1 (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2001-03-23 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A STARTER OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
FR2791829B1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2001-06-22 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER CONTROL DEVICE PROTECTING THE latter FROM WEAR |
GB2383905B (en) * | 2000-07-18 | 2003-12-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Control device for starters of combustion engines |
JP4378895B2 (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2009-12-09 | 株式会社デンソー | Starter control system |
JP2002138931A (en) * | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-17 | Denso Corp | Engine starter |
FR2827342B1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2004-08-13 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | STARTER FOR MOTOR VEHICLE |
DE102005004326A1 (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2006-02-23 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Starting device for an internal combustion engine with separate engagement and starting process |
JP4038507B2 (en) * | 2004-12-10 | 2008-01-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Electromagnetic switch for starter |
FR2913727B1 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2009-05-08 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER |
EP2233733B1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2015-02-11 | Denso Corporation | Starter with increased mounting capability |
EP2080898B1 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2020-03-11 | Denso Corporation | Starter with compact structure |
-
2010
- 2010-05-07 FR FR1053594A patent/FR2959891B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-01-31 EP EP11152654.7A patent/EP2385539B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-05-06 JP JP2011103394A patent/JP5735342B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-06 US US13/102,148 patent/US8416551B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-09 CN CN201110117515.6A patent/CN102235285B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102235285B (en) | 2013-08-07 |
US8416551B2 (en) | 2013-04-09 |
JP2012002221A (en) | 2012-01-05 |
JP5735342B2 (en) | 2015-06-17 |
CN102235285A (en) | 2011-11-09 |
EP2385539A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 |
FR2959891B1 (en) | 2016-06-03 |
US20110273811A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
FR2959891A1 (en) | 2011-11-11 |
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