EP2381703B1 - Method and device for monitoring a loudspeaker line - Google Patents

Method and device for monitoring a loudspeaker line Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2381703B1
EP2381703B1 EP11155188.3A EP11155188A EP2381703B1 EP 2381703 B1 EP2381703 B1 EP 2381703B1 EP 11155188 A EP11155188 A EP 11155188A EP 2381703 B1 EP2381703 B1 EP 2381703B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
loudspeaker line
loudspeaker
impedance
line
monitoring
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2381703A3 (en
EP2381703A2 (en
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Stefan Bauer
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R29/00—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements
    • H04R29/007—Monitoring arrangements; Testing arrangements for public address systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a loudspeaker line.
  • the present invention relates to the field of public address systems (so-called "public address” or electroacoustic system or PA).
  • public address or electroacoustic system or PA
  • Such systems are usually permanently installed systems for the sound of indoor and / or outdoor surfaces.
  • a large number of loudspeakers are connected to one or more audio amplifiers via corresponding supply lines within the system.
  • 100V technology is usually used for the transmission.
  • the loudspeaker cable is usually galvanically separated from the amplifiers and loudspeakers via transformers, the output signal being transformed to up to 100 V in order to be able to transmit relatively lossless over large distances.
  • evacuation systems require continuous monitoring of the loudspeaker line for short circuit, ground fault and interruption.
  • JP2007033288 A a monitoring system for a two-wire loudspeaker line in terms of short circuit and interruption by an impedance switching device at the end of the loudspeaker line and an impedance measuring device at the beginning of the loudspeaker line is described, wherein the switching device and measuring device between the loudspeaker line and a common ground potential are arranged.
  • the impedance switching means changes the impedance between the loudspeaker line and a common ground potential by means of a switch and a resistor as soon as an AC signal is detected on the loudspeaker line.
  • a comparator By means of an impedance measurement by a comparator at the beginning of the loudspeaker line or at the amplifier output, it is determined whether the impedance changes between loudspeaker line and ground potential, which are caused by the switching operations, deviate from a predetermined value. From this it is concluded that there is a possible short circuit or interruption of the loudspeaker line.
  • test circuits with differently coded serial test signals are used, which contain an address.
  • error detector with a function detector for testing the functionality of the loudspeaker coil and a pilot signal detector for detecting a possible interruption or a short circuit on the transmission link.
  • a public address system comprising a monitoring system is described, in which a monitoring module is powered by means of a radio frequency pilot and the communication between the main module and the monitoring module takes place via the loudspeaker line via a likewise high-frequency signal.
  • a monitoring module is powered by means of a radio frequency pilot and the communication between the main module and the monitoring module takes place via the loudspeaker line via a likewise high-frequency signal.
  • consuming and therefore expensive technology is used.
  • crosstalk of the high-frequency communication signal easily occurs.
  • a communication is operated between a main module and a plurality of monitoring modules, wherein the impedance between the loudspeaker line and a reference ground is changed for communication.
  • a loudspeaker cable is usually two-wire with or without shielding.
  • the individual speakers are parallel and galvanic via their own transformer connected separately to the loudspeaker line.
  • Each monitoring module may be located within the loudspeaker line or at one end of the loudspeaker line (as a so-called end-off-line module, EOL module).
  • the change of the impedance and measurement of this change to the communication is relatively simple, since, for example, the switching of an electrical resistance between Loudspeaker line - in particular one of the two loudspeaker lines - and reference ground is sufficient. If a DC voltage is applied between the loudspeaker line and reference ground, the impedance can be determined very simply as an electrical resistance. In such an embodiment in DC technology, in particular only simple components, such as resistors and switches, are necessary, which in particular need not be designed for the high-frequency range. A separation of the digital communication signal from influences by the audio signal can be done particularly easily by providing a low-pass filter. By providing a digital communication connection, in particular, an addressing of a plurality of monitoring modules takes place.
  • the reference ground may preferably be the screen of a shielded loudspeaker line. Likewise, a separate line may be provided. If the loudspeaker line is galvanically isolated from earth, as is the case, for example, in the case of the 100V technology, ground can also be used to advantage as reference ground. In this case, a separate line connection for the reference ground can be saved. Because of the galvanic isolation of the amplifier outputs, all speaker lines can use the same reference ground.
  • a particularly simple power supply of the at least one monitoring module can be provided if it is supplied with energy via the two loudspeaker lines of the loudspeaker line by means of a high-frequency, inaudible pilot tone.
  • a power supply for example, with a 20kHz pilot tone is known per se.
  • a line interruption for example, only one wire of the speaker line can be particularly easily detected, since in this case the power supply for the monitoring module collapses and thus no response from the monitoring module to the main module is more received.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are described in the following coherently and comprehensively, wherein like elements are provided with the same reference numerals. It is in FIG. 2 a more detailed representation of an in FIG. 1 schematically illustrated public address system 100, which has a preferred embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention.
  • the public address system is shown for illustrative purposes only roughly schematically with a very small number of elements, such as amplifiers, speakers and monitoring modules. However, it goes without saying that corresponding public address systems in practice have far more elements.
  • the sound system 100 has an audio amplifier 110, at its output via a transformer 111 galvanically decoupled output a speaker line 120 is connected.
  • the loudspeaker line 120 has two loudspeaker lines 121 and 122, to which - likewise galvanically decoupled via transformers - a number of loudspeakers 123, 124 are connected in parallel.
  • the sound system 100 is implemented in 100V technology, so that the length L of the loudspeaker line 120 can well be more than 1-2 km.
  • a monitoring device comprising a main module 210 and a plurality of monitoring modules 220 is provided.
  • a digital communication signal is exchanged between the main module 210 and each monitoring module 220, by changing the impedance between the loudspeaker line 120 and a reference ground 230 from the respectively transmitting communication participant and detecting this change from the respectively receiving communication user.
  • the main module 210 which in the present example is located within the audio amplifier 110, has a DC voltage source Uq to raise the loudspeaker line 120 to a desired DC level over the potential of the reference ground 230 via a high resistance resistor Rq.
  • the resistance Rq may be approximately 1M ⁇ , and the DC voltage source may provide a DC voltage of approximately 15V.
  • a first (here high) impedance is provided between the loudspeaker line 120 and the reference ground 230.
  • the resistor Rq, a first resistor Rs and a switching means S are connected in parallel to change by closing the switching means S, the impedance between the speaker line 120 and the reference ground 230 to reduce here.
  • the monitoring module 220 also has the elements Rs and S for changing the impedance.
  • the first resistance Rs is about 500 k ⁇ . By closing the switching means S, a second, lower impedance is provided.
  • the main module 210 and each monitoring module 220 have a measuring unit 211 and 221, respectively, for the impedance between the speaker line 120 and the reference ground 230 to measure. This is done here by measuring the DC resistance via measurement of the voltage drop.
  • the measuring unit expediently has high-impedance measuring resistors which lie, for example, in the giga ohm range.
  • the measuring units 211 and 221 expediently furthermore have a low-pass filter in order to filter out interfering signals, which are caused, for example, by the audio transmission and / or the pilot tone on the loudspeaker line 120.
  • the measuring unit 211 is connected to a control unit 212, and the measuring unit 221 is connected to a control unit 222, which among other things controls the communication between the modules 210 and 220 and, in particular, operates the associated switching means S.
  • the monitoring module 220 additionally has a power supply 224, which is preferably fed via the loudspeaker line 120 by means of a high-frequency pilot tone of, for example, 20 kHz.
  • the reference ground 230 can advantageously be placed on ground, so that a corresponding supply line can be saved.
  • the monitoring module 210 expediently periodically transmits a digital and addressed signal, which is received and processed by the connected monitoring modules.
  • the digital signal contains an addressing in order to specifically address specific monitoring modules. If the receiving monitoring module detects that it is being addressed, it responds to the request by itself sending a digital signal.
  • all communication methods which use a digital signal are suitable for the communication. The responsible expert will make a suitable selection so that we do not have to go into detail here. The communication can monitor the speaker line.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zur Überwachung einer Lautsprecherlinie.The present invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring a loudspeaker line.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft das Gebiet von Beschallungsanlagen (sogenannte "public address" oder elektroakustische Anlage bzw. elektrische Lautsprecheranlage, ELA). Bei derartigen Anlagen handelt es sich um üblicherweise fest installierte Anlagen für die Beschallung von Innen- und/oder Außenflächen. Je nach Umfang sind innerhalb der Anlage eine Vielzahl von Lautsprechern über entsprechende Zuleitungen mit einem oder mehreren Audioverstärkern verbunden. Bei großflächigen Anlagen wird üblicherweise die sogenannte 100V-Technik für die Übertragung verwendet. Bei dieser Art der Übertragung ist die Lautsprecherleitung üblicherweise über Transformatoren galvanisch von den Verstärkern und Lautsprechern getrennt, wobei das Ausgangssignal auf bis zu 100 V transformiert wird, um über große Entfernungen relativ verlustfrei übertragen werden zu können.The present invention relates to the field of public address systems (so-called "public address" or electroacoustic system or PA). Such systems are usually permanently installed systems for the sound of indoor and / or outdoor surfaces. Depending on the scope, a large number of loudspeakers are connected to one or more audio amplifiers via corresponding supply lines within the system. For large-scale systems, the so-called 100V technology is usually used for the transmission. In this type of transmission, the loudspeaker cable is usually galvanically separated from the amplifiers and loudspeakers via transformers, the output signal being transformed to up to 100 V in order to be able to transmit relatively lossless over large distances.

Je nach Verwendungszweck und Verwendungsort sind unterschiedliche Überwachungs- und Sicherheitsstufen für den Betrieb der Beschallungsanlage zweckmäßig oder sogar vorgeschrieben. Beispielsweise wird für Evakuierungsanlagen eine kontinuierliche Überwachung der Lautsprecherleitung auf Kurzschluss, Erdschluss und Unterbrechung gefordert.Depending on the purpose and place of use different levels of surveillance and security for the operation of the public address system are appropriate or even mandatory. For example, evacuation systems require continuous monitoring of the loudspeaker line for short circuit, ground fault and interruption.

In der JP2007033288 A wird ein Überwachungssystem für eine zweiadrige Lautsprecherleitung hinsichtlich Kurzschluss und Unterbrechung durch eine Impedanz-Schalteinrichtung am Ende der Lautsprecherleitung und eine Impedanz-Messvorrichtung am Anfang der Lautsprecherleitung beschrieben, wobei Schalteinrichtung und Messvorrichtung zwischen der Lautsprecherleitung und einem gemeinsamen Massepotential angeordnet sind.In the JP2007033288 A a monitoring system for a two-wire loudspeaker line in terms of short circuit and interruption by an impedance switching device at the end of the loudspeaker line and an impedance measuring device at the beginning of the loudspeaker line is described, wherein the switching device and measuring device between the loudspeaker line and a common ground potential are arranged.

Die Impedanz-Schalteinrichtung verändert die Impedanz zwischen der Lautsprecherleitung und einem gemeinsamen Massepotential mittels eines Schalters und eines Widerstands, sobald ein Wechselspannungssignal auf der Lautsprecherleitung festgestellt wird. Mittels einer Impedanzmessung durch einen Komparator am Anfang der Lautsprecherleitung bzw. am Verstärkerausgang wird festgestellt, ob die Impedanzänderungen zwischen Lautsprecherleitung und Massepotential, die durch die Schaltvorgänge bewirkt werden, von einem vorgegebenen Wert abweichen. Daraus wird auf einen möglichen Kurzschluss oder eine Unterbrechung der Lautsprecherleitung geschlossen.The impedance switching means changes the impedance between the loudspeaker line and a common ground potential by means of a switch and a resistor as soon as an AC signal is detected on the loudspeaker line. By means of an impedance measurement by a comparator at the beginning of the loudspeaker line or at the amplifier output, it is determined whether the impedance changes between loudspeaker line and ground potential, which are caused by the switching operations, deviate from a predetermined value. From this it is concluded that there is a possible short circuit or interruption of the loudspeaker line.

In der EP0967833 A2 wird ein Zweidraht-Netzwerk für Lautsprecherdurchsagen beschrieben, welches in Abschnitte gegliedert ist, die durch Isolationsschaltkreise im Falle von Kurzschlüssen oder Leitungsunterbrechungen voneinander getrennt werden können. Die Isolationsschaltkreise können dabei durch ein Pilotsignal mit Energie versorgt werden. Das Audiosignal und das Pilotsignal werden zur Erzielung einer Fehlertoleranz von beiden Seiten der Leitung eingespeist.In the EP0967833 A2 there is described a two-wire network for loudspeaker announcements, which is divided into sections that can be separated by isolation circuits in the event of short circuits or line breaks. The isolation circuits can be powered by a pilot signal with energy. The audio signal and the pilot signal are fed from both sides of the line for fault tolerance.

In der DE3627960 C1 wird eine Überwachungseinrichtung zur Lokalisierung eines Lautsprecherausfalls für Lautsprecheranlagen beschrieben. Dabei werden Prüfschaltungen mit unterschiedlich codierten seriellen Prüfsignalen verwendet, die eine Adresse enthalten. Vorhanden sind ferner ein Fehlerdetektor mit einem Funktionsdetektor zur Prüfung der Funktionsfähigkeit der Lautsprecherspule und einem Pilotsignaldetektor zur Erkennung einer möglichen Unterbrechung oder eines Kurzschlusses auf der Übertragungsstrecke.In the DE3627960 C1 a monitoring device for locating a loudspeaker failure for public address systems is described. In this case, test circuits with differently coded serial test signals are used, which contain an address. There is also an error detector with a function detector for testing the functionality of the loudspeaker coil and a pilot signal detector for detecting a possible interruption or a short circuit on the transmission link.

In der WO 2006/050754 A2 wird eine Beschallungsanlage umfassend ein Überwachungssystem beschrieben, bei der ein Überwachungsmodul mittels eines Hochfrequenzenpilottons mit Energie versorgt wird und die Kommunikation zwischen Hauptmodul und Überwachungsmodul über die Lautsprecherleitung über ein ebenfalls hochfrequentes Signal stattfindet. Um eine Störung des Audiosignals durch das Kommunikationssignal zu vermeiden, ist aufwendige und damit teure Technik einzusetzen. Weiterhin kommt es leicht zu einem Übersprechen des hochfrequenten Kommunikationssignals.In the WO 2006/050754 A2 a public address system comprising a monitoring system is described, in which a monitoring module is powered by means of a radio frequency pilot and the communication between the main module and the monitoring module takes place via the loudspeaker line via a likewise high-frequency signal. In order to avoid a disturbance of the audio signal by the communication signal, consuming and therefore expensive technology is used. Furthermore, crosstalk of the high-frequency communication signal easily occurs.

Es ist daher wünschenswert, die Überwachung einer Lautsprecherlinie zu vereinfachen.It is therefore desirable to simplify monitoring of a speaker line.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Erfindungsgemäß werden ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung zur Überwachung einer Lautsprecherlinie mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche vorgeschlagen. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche sowie der nachfolgenden Beschreibung.According to the invention, a method and a device for monitoring a loudspeaker line with the features of the independent patent claims are proposed. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims and the following description.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Erfindungsgemäß wird zum Überwachen einer Lautsprecherlinie, welche üblicherweise zumindest eine Lautsprecherleitung sowie eine Anzahl von Lautsprechern umfasst, eine Kommunikation zwischen einem Hauptmodul und mehreren Überwachungsmodulen betrieben, wobei zur Kommunikation die Impedanz zwischen Lautsprecherlinie und einer Bezugsmasse verändert wird. Eine Lautsprecherleitung ist üblicherweise zweiadrig mit oder ohne Schirmung ausgeführt. Bei der oben beschrieben 100V-Technik sind die einzelnen Lautsprecher parallel und über jeweils einen eigenen Transformator galvanisch getrennt an die Lautsprecherleitung geschaltet. Jedes Überwachungsmodul kann innerhalb der Lautsprecherleitung oder an einem Ende der Lautsprecherleitung (als sogenannter End-Off-Line-Modul, EOL-Modul) angeordnet sein. Die Veränderung der Impedanz und Messung dieser Änderung zur Kommunikation gestaltet sich relativ einfach, da beispielsweise das Schalten eines elektrischen Widerstandes zwischen Lautsprecherlinie - insbesondere einer der zwei Lautsprecherleitungen - und Bezugsmasse ausreicht. Wird eine Gleichspannung zwischen Lautsprecherlinie und Bezugsmasse angelegt, kann die Impedanz besonders einfach als elektrischer Widerstand bestimmt werden. Bei einer derartigen Ausführung in Gleichstromtechnik sind insbesondere nur einfache Bauteile, wie z.B. Widerstände und Schalter, nötig, die insbesondere nicht für den Hochfrequenzbereich ausgelegt sein müssen. Eine Trennung des digitalen Kommunikationssignals von Einflüssen durch das Audiosignal kann besonders einfach durch Vorsehen eines Tiefpassfilters erfolgen. Durch Bereitstellen einer digitalen Kommunikationsverbindung erfolgt insbesondere eine Adressierung von mehreren Überwachungsmodulen. Dies ist insbesondere in großflächigen Arealen vorteilhaft, in denen oftmals Stern- und/oder Stichleitungen verlaufen. Als Bezugsmasse kann vorzugsweise der Schirm einer geschirmten Lautsprecherleitung dienen. Ebenso kann eine separate Leitung vorgesehen sein. Ist die Lautsprecherlinie galvanisch von Erde getrennt, wie es beispielsweise bei der 100V-Technik der Fall ist, kann besonders vorteilhaft auch Erde als Bezugsmasse verwendet werden. In diesem Fall kann eine eigene Leitungsverbindung für die Bezugsmasse eingespart werden. Wegen der galvanischen Trennung der Verstärkerausgänge können alle Lautsprecherlinien die gleiche Bezugsmasse verwenden.According to the invention, to monitor a loudspeaker line, which usually comprises at least one loudspeaker line and a number of loudspeakers, a communication is operated between a main module and a plurality of monitoring modules, wherein the impedance between the loudspeaker line and a reference ground is changed for communication. A loudspeaker cable is usually two-wire with or without shielding. In the above-described 100V technology, the individual speakers are parallel and galvanic via their own transformer connected separately to the loudspeaker line. Each monitoring module may be located within the loudspeaker line or at one end of the loudspeaker line (as a so-called end-off-line module, EOL module). The change of the impedance and measurement of this change to the communication is relatively simple, since, for example, the switching of an electrical resistance between Loudspeaker line - in particular one of the two loudspeaker lines - and reference ground is sufficient. If a DC voltage is applied between the loudspeaker line and reference ground, the impedance can be determined very simply as an electrical resistance. In such an embodiment in DC technology, in particular only simple components, such as resistors and switches, are necessary, which in particular need not be designed for the high-frequency range. A separation of the digital communication signal from influences by the audio signal can be done particularly easily by providing a low-pass filter. By providing a digital communication connection, in particular, an addressing of a plurality of monitoring modules takes place. This is particularly advantageous in large areas where often run star and / or stub lines. The reference ground may preferably be the screen of a shielded loudspeaker line. Likewise, a separate line may be provided. If the loudspeaker line is galvanically isolated from earth, as is the case, for example, in the case of the 100V technology, ground can also be used to advantage as reference ground. In this case, a separate line connection for the reference ground can be saved. Because of the galvanic isolation of the amplifier outputs, all speaker lines can use the same reference ground.

Eine besonders einfache Energieversorgung des wenigstens einen Überwachungsmoduls ist bereitstellbar, wenn dieses über die zwei Lautsprecherleitungen der Lautsprecherlinie mittels eines hochfrequenten, nicht hörbaren Pilottons mit Energie versorgt wird. Eine solche Energieversorgung, beispielsweise mit einem 20kHz-Pilotton ist an sich bekannt. Jedoch kann bei dieser vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung eine Leitungsunterbrechung beispielsweise nur einer Ader der Lautsprecherleitung besonders einfach erkannt werden, da in diesem Fall die Energieversorgung für das Überwachungsmodul zusammenbricht und somit keine Rückantwort vom Überwachungsmodul an das Hauptmodul mehr empfangen wird.A particularly simple power supply of the at least one monitoring module can be provided if it is supplied with energy via the two loudspeaker lines of the loudspeaker line by means of a high-frequency, inaudible pilot tone. Such a power supply, for example, with a 20kHz pilot tone is known per se. However, in this advantageous embodiment of the invention, a line interruption, for example, only one wire of the speaker line can be particularly easily detected, since in this case the power supply for the monitoring module collapses and thus no response from the monitoring module to the main module is more received.

Weitere Vorteile und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung und der beiliegenden Zeichnung.Further advantages and embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the description and the accompanying drawings.

Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachfolgend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen, dessen Schutzumfang von dem anhängigen Anspruchssatz gebildet wird.It is understood that the features mentioned above and those yet to be explained can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or alone, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the scope of which is set out in the pending set of claims becomes.

Die Erfindung ist anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung ausführlich beschrieben.The invention is illustrated schematically with reference to an embodiment in the drawing and will be described in detail below with reference to the drawing.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

  • Figur 1 zeigt schematisch eine Beschallungsanlage umfassend eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Überwachungseinrichtung. FIG. 1 schematically shows a public address system comprising a preferred embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention.
  • Figur 2 zeigt die Beschallungsanlage gemäß Figur 1 in einer detaillierteren Darstellung. FIG. 2 shows the sound system according to FIG. 1 in a more detailed presentation.
Ausführungsform(en) der ErfindungEmbodiment (s) of the invention

Die Figur 1 und 2 werden nachfolgend zusammenhängend und übergreifend beschrieben, wobei gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind. Dabei ist in Figur 2 eine detailliertere Darstellung einer in Figur 1 schematisch dargestellten Beschallungsanlage 100 abgebildet, welche eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Überwachungseinrichtung aufweist. Die Beschallungsanlage ist zu Illustrationszwecken lediglich grob schematisch mit einer sehr geringen Anzahl von Elementen, wie z.B. Verstärker, Lautsprecher und Überwachungsmodule dargestellt. Es versteht sich jedoch, dass entsprechende Beschallungsanlagen in der Praxis über weit mehr Elemente verfügen.The FIGS. 1 and 2 are described in the following coherently and comprehensively, wherein like elements are provided with the same reference numerals. It is in FIG. 2 a more detailed representation of an in FIG. 1 schematically illustrated public address system 100, which has a preferred embodiment of a monitoring device according to the invention. The public address system is shown for illustrative purposes only roughly schematically with a very small number of elements, such as amplifiers, speakers and monitoring modules. However, it goes without saying that corresponding public address systems in practice have far more elements.

Die Beschallungsanlage 100 weist einen Audioverstärker 110 auf, an dessen über einen Transformator 111 galvanisch entkoppeltem Ausgang eine Lautsprecherlinie 120 angeschlossen ist. Die Lautsprecherlinie 120 verfügt über zwei Lautsprecherleitungen 121 und 122, an die - ebenfalls über Transformatoren galvanisch entkoppelt - eine Anzahl von Lautsprechern 123, 124 parallel angeschlossen sind. In der dargestellten Abbildung ist die Beschallungsanlage 100 in 100V-Technik ausgeführt, so dass die Länge L der Lautsprecherlinie 120 durchaus mehr als 1-2 km betragen kann.The sound system 100 has an audio amplifier 110, at its output via a transformer 111 galvanically decoupled output a speaker line 120 is connected. The loudspeaker line 120 has two loudspeaker lines 121 and 122, to which - likewise galvanically decoupled via transformers - a number of loudspeakers 123, 124 are connected in parallel. In the illustrated illustration, the sound system 100 is implemented in 100V technology, so that the length L of the loudspeaker line 120 can well be more than 1-2 km.

Zur Überwachung der Lautsprecherlinie 120 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Überwachungseinrichtung umfassend ein Hauptmodul 210 sowie mehrere Überwachungsmodule 220 vorgesehen. Zur Überwachung der Lautsprecherlinie 120 wird zwischen dem Hauptmodul 210 und jedem Überwachungsmodul 220 ein digitales Kommunikationssignal ausgetauscht, indem von dem jeweils sendenden Kommunikationsteilnehmer die Impedanz zwischen der Lautsprecherlinie 120 und einer Bezugsmasse 230 verändert und diese Veränderung von dem jeweils empfangenden Kommunikationsteilnehmer erfasst wird.To monitor the loudspeaker line 120, a monitoring device according to the invention comprising a main module 210 and a plurality of monitoring modules 220 is provided. In order to monitor the loudspeaker line 120, a digital communication signal is exchanged between the main module 210 and each monitoring module 220, by changing the impedance between the loudspeaker line 120 and a reference ground 230 from the respectively transmitting communication participant and detecting this change from the respectively receiving communication user.

Zur Bereitstellung der Überwachungsfunktionalität verfügt das Hauptmodul 210, das in vorliegendem Beispiel innerhalb des Audioverstärkers 110 angeordnet ist, über eine Gleichspannungsquelle Uq, um die Lautsprecherlinie 120 über einen hochohmigen Widerstand Rq auf einen erwünschten Gleichspannungspegel gegenüber dem Potential der Bezugsmasse 230 zu heben. Der Widerstand Rq kann ca. 1MΩ betragen und die Gleichspannungsquelle kann eine Gleichspannung von etwa 15 V bereitstellen. Auf diese Weise wird eine erste (hier hohe) Impedanz zwischen der Lautsprecherlinie 120 und der Bezugsmasse 230 bereitgestellt. Dem Widerstand Rq sind ein erster Widerstand Rs sowie ein Schaltmittel S parallel geschaltet, um durch Schließen des Schaltmittels S die Impedanz zwischen der Lautsprecherlinie 120 und der Bezugsmasse 230 zu verändern, hier zu verringern. Auch das Überwachungsmodul 220 verfügt über die Elemente Rs und S zur Veränderung der Impedanz. Der erste Widerstand Rs beträgt etwa 500 kΩ. Durch Schließen des Schaltmittels S wird eine zweite, geringere Impedanz bereitgestellt.To provide the monitoring functionality, the main module 210, which in the present example is located within the audio amplifier 110, has a DC voltage source Uq to raise the loudspeaker line 120 to a desired DC level over the potential of the reference ground 230 via a high resistance resistor Rq. The resistance Rq may be approximately 1MΩ, and the DC voltage source may provide a DC voltage of approximately 15V. In this way, a first (here high) impedance is provided between the loudspeaker line 120 and the reference ground 230. The resistor Rq, a first resistor Rs and a switching means S are connected in parallel to change by closing the switching means S, the impedance between the speaker line 120 and the reference ground 230 to reduce here. The monitoring module 220 also has the elements Rs and S for changing the impedance. The first resistance Rs is about 500 kΩ. By closing the switching means S, a second, lower impedance is provided.

Weiterhin verfügen das Hauptmodul 210 und jedes Überwachungsmodul 220 über eine Messeinheit 211 bzw. 221, um die Impedanz zwischen der Lautsprecherlinie 120 und der Bezugsmasse 230 zu messen. Dies erfolgt hier durch Messung des Gleichstromwiderstands über Messung des Spannungsabfalls. Die Messeinheit verfügt hierzu zweckmäßigerweise über hochohmige Messwiderstände, die beispielsweise im Gigaohmbereich liegen. Die Messeinheiten 211 und 221 verfügen zweckmäßigerweise weiterhin über einen Tiefpassfilter, um störende Signale, die beispielsweise von der Audioübertragung und/oder dem Pilotton auf der Lautsprecherlinie 120 hervorgerufen werden, auszufiltern. Die Messeinheit 211 ist mit einer Steuereinheit 212, die Messeinheit 221 mit einer Steuereinheit 222 verbunden, die u.a. die Kommunikation zwischen den Modulen 210 und 220 steuern und dazu insbesondere das zugehörige Schaltmittel S bedienen. Das Überwachungsmodul 220 verfügt zusätzlich noch über eine Energieversorgung 224, die bevorzugterweise mittels eines hochfrequenten Pilottons von beispielsweise 20 kHz über die Lautsprecherlinie 120 gespeist wird.Furthermore, the main module 210 and each monitoring module 220 have a measuring unit 211 and 221, respectively, for the impedance between the speaker line 120 and the reference ground 230 to measure. This is done here by measuring the DC resistance via measurement of the voltage drop. For this purpose, the measuring unit expediently has high-impedance measuring resistors which lie, for example, in the giga ohm range. The measuring units 211 and 221 expediently furthermore have a low-pass filter in order to filter out interfering signals, which are caused, for example, by the audio transmission and / or the pilot tone on the loudspeaker line 120. The measuring unit 211 is connected to a control unit 212, and the measuring unit 221 is connected to a control unit 222, which among other things controls the communication between the modules 210 and 220 and, in particular, operates the associated switching means S. The monitoring module 220 additionally has a power supply 224, which is preferably fed via the loudspeaker line 120 by means of a high-frequency pilot tone of, for example, 20 kHz.

Bei der dargestellten bevorzugten Ausführungsform, bei der die Beschallungsanlage 100 in 100V-Technik ausgeführt ist, kann die Bezugsmasse 230 vorteilhafterweise auf Erde gelegt werden, so dass eine entsprechende Zuleitung eingespart werden kann.In the illustrated preferred embodiment, in which the public address system 100 is implemented in 100V technology, the reference ground 230 can advantageously be placed on ground, so that a corresponding supply line can be saved.

Zur Überwachung der Lautsprecherlinie 120 sendet das Überwachungsmodul 210 zweckmäßigerweise regelmäßig ein digitales und addressiertes Signal aus, das von den angeschlossenen Überwachungsmodulen empfangen und verarbeitet wird. Das digitale Signal enthält insbesondere eine Adressierung, um bestimmte Überwachungsmodule gezielt anzusprechen. Erkennt das empfangende Überwachungsmodul, dass es angesprochen wird, antwortet es auf die Anfrage, indem es wiederum selbst ein digitales Signal versendet. Für die Kommunikation sind grundsätzlich alle Kommunikationsverfahren geeignet, die sich eines Digitalsignals bedienen. Der zuständige Fachmann wird eine passende Auswahl treffen, so dass an dieser Stelle nicht näher auf diesen Punkt eingegangen werden muss. Durch die Kommunikation kann die Lautsprecherlinie überwacht werden.To monitor the loudspeaker line 120, the monitoring module 210 expediently periodically transmits a digital and addressed signal, which is received and processed by the connected monitoring modules. In particular, the digital signal contains an addressing in order to specifically address specific monitoring modules. If the receiving monitoring module detects that it is being addressed, it responds to the request by itself sending a digital signal. Basically, all communication methods which use a digital signal are suitable for the communication. The responsible expert will make a suitable selection so that we do not have to go into detail here. The communication can monitor the speaker line.

Claims (10)

  1. Method for monitoring a loudspeaker line, wherein a principal module (210), arranged at a first point in the loudspeaker line (120), and multiple monitoring modules (220), arranged at a respective second, remote point in the loudspeaker line (120), communicate, wherein an impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and a reference earth (230) is measured,
    characterized in that the principal module (210) applies a DC voltage (Uq) to the loudspeaker line (120) with reference to the reference earth (230), wherein the impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230) is changed by the sending communication subscriber (210, 220) in order to transmit a digital communication signal, and wherein the principal module (210) sends a digital communication signal as a request, said digital communication signal being received and processed by the monitoring modules, and wherein, if a receiving monitoring module detects that it is addressed, responds to the request by sending a digital communication signal.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, wherein changing the impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230) involves at least one first electrical resistor (Rs) being connected.
  3. Method according to Claim 2, wherein providing a first impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230) involves the at least one first electrical resistor (Rs) not being connected between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230), and providing a second impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230) involves the at least one first electrical resistor (Rs) being connected between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230).
  4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reference earth (230) is Earth.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the monitoring modules (220) are supplied with power via the loudspeaker line (120) by means of a high-frequency pilot tone.
  6. Device for monitoring a loudspeaker line comprising a principal module (210), which must be arranged at a first point in the loudspeaker line (120), and multiple monitoring modules (220), which must each be arranged at a second, remote point in the loudspeaker line (120), wherein the principal module (210) is configured to apply a DC voltage (Uq) to the loudspeaker line (120) with reference to a reference earth (230), wherein the principal module (210) and the monitoring modules (220) each have a control unit (212, 222) and means (S, Rs) for changing and means (211, 221) for measuring the impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230), characterized in that the control unit (212, 222) is configured to actuate the means (S, Rs) for changing the impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230) to generate a digital communication signal, and wherein the principal module (210) is configured to send a digital communication signal as a request, wherein the monitoring modules are configured to receive and process this digital communication signal and, if a receiving monitoring module detects that it is addressed, to respond to the request by virtue of said receiving monitoring module sending a digital communication signal.
  7. Device according to Claim 6, wherein the control unit (212, 222) is configured to actuate the means (211, 221) for measuring the impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230) to receive the digital communication signal.
  8. Device according to Claim 6 or 7, wherein the means (S, Rs) for changing the impedance between the loudspeaker line (120) and the reference earth (230) comprise electrical resistor means (Rs) and switching means (S).
  9. Device according to one of Claims 6 to 8, wherein the monitoring modules (220) are arranged at one end of the loudspeaker line (120).
  10. Device according to one of Claims 6 to 9, wherein the principal module (210) is arranged in an amplifier (110) of the loudspeaker line (120).
EP11155188.3A 2010-04-21 2011-02-21 Method and device for monitoring a loudspeaker line Active EP2381703B1 (en)

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DE102010028022A DE102010028022A1 (en) 2010-04-21 2010-04-21 Method and device for monitoring a loudspeaker line

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EP2381703A2 EP2381703A2 (en) 2011-10-26
EP2381703A3 EP2381703A3 (en) 2016-06-01
EP2381703B1 true EP2381703B1 (en) 2019-12-11

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EP2884773B1 (en) 2013-12-10 2017-02-15 Televic Rail NV Public address system and method
DE202015001656U1 (en) 2015-03-04 2015-03-24 Itec Tontechnik Und Industrieelektronik Gesellschaft M.B.H. Device for monitoring a public address system
DE102015206570A1 (en) 2015-04-13 2016-10-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Audio system, calibration module, operating method and computer program
DE102016225365A1 (en) 2016-12-19 2018-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and device for monitoring at least one loudspeaker line
EP3522571B1 (en) 2018-02-06 2021-12-22 Robert Bosch GmbH Sound system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3627960C1 (en) * 1986-08-18 1987-09-03 Philips Patentverwaltung Monitoring device for loudspeaker installations
GB9813882D0 (en) * 1998-06-27 1998-08-26 Protec Fire Detection Plc Public address system having zone isolator circuits
JP4327878B2 (en) 2004-11-09 2009-09-09 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング Loudspeaker system
JP4493564B2 (en) * 2005-07-28 2010-06-30 ティーオーエー株式会社 Speaker line inspection device and terminal device for speaker line inspection device

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EP2381703A3 (en) 2016-06-01
EP2381703A2 (en) 2011-10-26

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