EP2379689A1 - Highly viscous detergent emulsion - Google Patents
Highly viscous detergent emulsionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2379689A1 EP2379689A1 EP08879278A EP08879278A EP2379689A1 EP 2379689 A1 EP2379689 A1 EP 2379689A1 EP 08879278 A EP08879278 A EP 08879278A EP 08879278 A EP08879278 A EP 08879278A EP 2379689 A1 EP2379689 A1 EP 2379689A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- viscosity
- amount
- emulsion
- effective
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 165
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)OP(O)=O XQRLCLUYWUNEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- -1 brighteners Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZTVCAEHRNBOTLI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Glycine, N-(carboxymethyl)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-, disodium salt Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OCCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O ZTVCAEHRNBOTLI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 11-methyldodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCO XUJLWPFSUCHPQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XYZGDYPGGXDMGG-QVTWQEFQSA-J [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC[C@H](NC(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC[C@H](NC(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O XYZGDYPGGXDMGG-QVTWQEFQSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013400 design of experiment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMLPKJYZRQZLDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-phenylethenyl)-4-[4-(2-phenylethenyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 ZMLPKJYZRQZLDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGJDXUIYIUGQGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)NC(C)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(O)=O QGJDXUIYIUGQGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNCSCQSQSGDGES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)C(C)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O XNCSCQSQSGDGES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMQQXDPCRUGSQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propyl-(carboxymethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O DMQQXDPCRUGSQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000068687 Amelanchier alnifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009027 Amelanchier alnifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- PIGKXHAIBGNREV-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical class C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PIGKXHAIBGNREV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000007835 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba Species 0.000 description 1
- DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Etidronic acid Chemical group OP(=O)(O)C(O)(C)P(O)(O)=O DBVJJBKOTRCVKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004435 Oxo alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002257 Plurafac® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical class C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001448 anionic polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzo-alpha-pyrone Natural products C1=CC=C2OC(=O)C=CC2=C1 ZYGHJZDHTFUPRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000038 blue colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001671 coumarin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004775 coumarins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003563 glycoside group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004297 night vision Effects 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butyl acetate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(C)=O DCKVNWZUADLDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KBVBZJLGCBJUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene;triazine Chemical class C1=CN=NN=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KBVBZJLGCBJUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GYBINGQBXROMRS-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-(1,2-dicarboxylatoethylamino)butanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(C([O-])=O)NC(C([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O GYBINGQBXROMRS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical class OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
- C11D3/3765—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/662—Carbohydrates or derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
- C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
- C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/003—Colloidal solutions, e.g. gels; Thixotropic solutions or pastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/044—Hydroxides or bases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
- C11D3/2079—Monocarboxylic acids-salts thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high viscosity, phase stable alkaline cleaning concentrate or composition characterized by a reduced water concentration (a high concentration of active materials such as alkalinity and surfactants) and to methods of their use and preparation.
- the materials are phase stable, have very high viscosity yet remain dispensable from automatic or programmable dispensers to a use locus where they are easily mixed with water in a use locus to form an aqueous cleaner.
- the thickened emulsions are easily made and are effective in soil removal in laundry, ware washing, clean-in-place and dairy applications.
- the compositions provide improved or enhanced soil removal properties because of high alkaline and surfactant contact.
- Cleaning compositions have been formulated in solid block, particulate and liquid form. Solid forms provide high concentrations of actives, but must be dissolved in water to form a cleaning liquid. Substantial attention in recent years has been directed to liquid detergent concentrates and in particular, liquid detergents in emulsion form. Such detergent concentrates typically are not as highly active as solids and are often greater than 50% water. Detergent emulsion concentrates have been employed as all-purpose cleaners, warewashing detergents and in formulations for cleaning hard surfaces by diluting the concentrate with water.
- the typical emulsion liquid is less than 60% actives, less than 10% surfactant less than 30-40% alkalinity.
- Many of the prior art emulsions are not sufficiently phase stable meaning that they do not remain globally homogenous for storage and use in a variety of applications, have reduced actives concentration (comprise greater than 50% water) or display reduced properties compared to other useful forms of detergent or are difficult to manufacture, dispense or store.
- Many prior art emulsions contain relatively low caustic content and relatively low sequestrant and surfactant contents. Substantial attention has been directed to concentrate materials having substantially increased active content that can be manufactured as stable liquids. A need has existed to push the active concentrate of detergent components in the emulsion to 60 to 65% in order to provide the efficacy and performance of solids.
- the composition comprises a thickening system compatible with the high alkaline formula resulting in a high viscosity composition that exhibits shear thinning.
- the composition of the invention is particularly novel in that its rheology is unique.
- the composition may be defined as a solid when no shear is applied but once shear is applied, the composition begins to flow.
- the composition comprises a source of alkalinity, nonionic surfactant(s), a water conditioning or sequestering agent, an optional alkyl polyglucoside surfactant, and a thickening system comprising a fatty acid and a polycarboxylic acid.
- the resulting stable compositions are characterized by a low water content, high actives concentration (greater than 60 wt % based on the concentrate composition), high alkalinity, and a viscosity greater than about 250,000 centipoise at 20° C using a Bohlin CVO rheometer measured in rotating shear mode at the shear rate of 0.2 per second.
- This improved detergent can be used for a variety of applications but preferably is used in laundry applications. We have achieved cleaner formulations that comprise greater than 30 wt % of the combined alkaline source and the surfactant load.
- soiled articles are contacted with an aqueous liquid cleaning liquor comprising a major proportion of water and about 0.5 to 3.0 ppm of the emulsion detergent.
- the clothes are contacted with the washing liquor at an elevated temperature of from about 25°C to about 80 0 C for a period of time to remove soil.
- the soil and used liquor are then rinsed from the clothing in a rinse cycle.
- the improved detergents of the invention are made by a process that comprises the steps of combining the nonionic surfactant or surfactant blend with anionic surfactants, chelating components, and various other textile detergent components. To this blend, the sources of alkalinity are added followed by the poly aery lie acid.
- the term "thickened emulsion" connotes a substance that behaves as a solid until a sufficiently large load or stress is applied, at which point it flows like a fluid.
- a thickened emulsion is a viscoplastic material that behaves as a rigid body at low stresses but flows as a viscous fluid at high stress.
- Thickened emulsions of the invention comprise two immiscible liquids.
- the continuous phase is comprised substantially of caustic salts and other dissolved components in an aqueous medium.
- compositions of the invention since no additional water is added to compositions of the invention, thickened emulsions of the invention result in a composition having a substantially low aqueous phase or low water content.
- emulsion and “thickened emulsion” are used interchangeably.
- emulsion refers to compositions having substantially lower viscosities than those of the present invention.
- thickened emulsions of the invention are comprised of two limitedly miscible liquid phases.
- Compositions of the invention may comprise a third solid particulate comprised substantially of the carboxymethylcellulose or optical brightener(s), if any is used, to formulate the thickened emulsions of the invention. If a third phase exists, this discrete phase is believed to include particles in the range of between about 1 micrometer up to about 100 microns; however, compositions of the invention may include substantially larger particles including above about 100 microns
- the insoluble or non- water soluble portion typically a liquid nonionic surfactant, forms dispersed droplets having a particle size less than about 10, less than about 5 microns, preferably between about 0.5 and 8 microns.
- Phase stable connotes that under typical manufacturing, storage and use conditions, the dispersed phase does not substantially lose its finely divided form and separate from the aqueous phase to a degree that the material becomes not useful in a laundry or other cleaning purpose. Some small amount of separation can be tolerated as long as the thickened emulsion retains greater than 98% of the discontinuous phase (predominantly organic materials) in small emulsified form and provides cleaning activity.
- the aqueous materials of the invention typically involve the emulsification of a relatively insoluble, typically organic phase and an aqueous phase.
- the organic phase can contain one or more components such as surfactants, water conditioning agents, brighteners, etc. while the aqueous phase can contain, in an aqueous medium, aqueous soluble components such as sodium hydroxide, water conditioning agents, brighteners, dyes and other components.
- the materials are typically made by dispersing the relatively "oily" organic insoluble phase in the aqueous phase stabilized by an emulsion stabilizer composition with the application of shear.
- the emulsion stabilizer typically comprises the polycarboxylic acid in combination with a fatty acid at an amount that can promote a stable thickened emulsion.
- the alkylpolyglucoside (APG) surfactants may be added to enhance the stabilization of the emulsion.
- the emulsion stabilizers are polyacrylic acid in combination with an anionic surfactant that are sufficiently soluble in sodium hydroxide and promote small particle size formation in the typical organic phase used in the thickened emulsions of the invention.
- aqueous sodium hydroxide and nonionic surfactant such as a alkyl ethoxylate without an emulsion stabilizer will rapidly separate into two separate phases.
- Such surfactants have low solubility in sodium hydroxide while sodium hydroxide is insoluble in this organic compound.
- the useful procedure for forming the dispersions of the invention involves combining fatty alcohol ethoxylate(s) with alkyl polyglucoside, carboxymethyl cellulose and tall oil. The APG can be added at this time and the contents of the vessel can be agitated strongly.
- Any optical brighteners are added to the described combination followed by adding aqueous caustic, typically 50 wt % aqueous caustic to a large metal vessel containing agitation apparatus.
- Monoethanolamine is added to the combination followed by polycarboxylic acid as the final ingredient.
- this emulsion concept could be applied elsewhere as well. This would include warewashing, clean in place cleaners and sanitizers, food and dairy formulations. In general, this emulsion concept could be used in any formulation where relatively insoluble nonionic surfactants are mixed with caustic solutions to form a thickened emulsion with properties balanced for the selected end use.
- the low foaming surfactants can comprise nonionics such as linear alcohol ethoxylates (Lutensol® available from BASF located in Ludwigshafen, Germany), particularly the fatty alcohol C 13 -Ci 5 ethoxylates having 2 to 10 polyethylene oxide groups.
- Thickeners useful in the invention include a combination of linear polycarboxylic acid such as Acusol® (Rohm & Haas) and a fatty acid such as tall oil.
- Figures 1-2 each have an x and y axis.
- the x axis in Fig. 1 is the shear rate, in Fig. 2 the deviation of concentration from a standard mixture.
- the y axis is viscosity in both cases.
- Figure 1 is a plot illustrating the decreasing viscosity of a composition of the invention with increasing shear rate.
- Figure 2 is a plot illustrating the effect of concentration variation of some of the ingredients on viscosity.
- surfactant or "surface active agent” refers to an organic chemical that when added to a liquid changes the properties of that liquid at a surface.
- EO, PO, or EO/PO refer to ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, respectively.
- EO/PO refers to ethylene oxide and propylene oxide groups.
- substantially free may refer to any component that the composition of the invention lacks or mostly lacks. When referring to “substantially free” it is intended that the component is not intentionally added to compositions of the invention. Use of the term “substantially free” of a component allows for trace amounts of that component to be included in compositions of the invention because they are present in another component. However, it is recognized that only trace or de minimus amounts of a component will be allowed when the composition is said to be “substantially free” of that component. All numeric values are herein assumed to be modified by the term “about,” whether or not explicitly indicated.
- weight percent, percent by weight, % by weight, and the like are synonyms that refer to the concentration of a substance as the weight of that substance divided by the weight of the composition and multiplied by 100. Unless otherwise stated, all weight percentages provided herein reflect the weight percentage of the raw material as provided from the manufacturer. The active weight percent of each component is easily determined from the provided information by use of product data sheets as provided from the manufacturer.
- emulsions have concerned systems of two isotropic, substantially Newtonian liquids, one being dispersed in the other in the form of small droplets.
- the system is stabilized by absorbed amphiphiles which modify interfacial properties.
- emulsions act in more than two phases.
- An emulsion forms when two immiscible liquids, usually water and oil, for example, are agitated so that one liquid forms droplets dispersed within the other liquid.
- Emulsions are stabilized by a compound adsorbed at the interface. This compound is termed an "emulsifier.
- the next step is coalescence, in which the thin liquid film between the individual droplets destabilizes, allowing large droplets to form.
- the emulsion separates into an oil layer and an aqueous layer.
- emulsions are stabilized by slowing the destabilization or flocculation process. This can be done either by reducing the droplet mobility, by increasing viscosity or by the insertion of an energy barrier between droplets.
- the size of droplets or particles of the dispersed phase are less than 10 microns, preferably less than 5 microns in diameter.
- compositions of the invention are particularly unique in the rheological characteristics they exhibit.
- the inventors have characterized their invention as a "thickened emulsion" despite the fact that compositions of the invention behave differently than any presently known emulsions.
- the compositions are characterized as emulsions because they are comprised of at least two immiscible phases as is commonly known in the emulsion art.
- the thickened emulsions of the invention exhibit characteristics of a solid when they are not under shear.
- the thickened emulsions of the invention exhibit a viscosity of greater than 1,000,000 centipoise at zero shear.
- compositions of the invention change substantially until, when the compositions of the invention are under high shear, they exhibit properties of a liquid.
- Compositions of the invention exhibit unusually high viscosity.
- thickened emulsions of the invention exhibit a viscosity of greater than 100,000 centipoise at 20 degrees centigrade when using a Bohlin CVO rheometer measured in rotating shear mode at the shear rate of 0.2 per second.
- thickened emulsions of the invention exhibit a viscosity of greater than 300,000, greater than 500,000, greater than 700,000, greater than 900,000, greater than 1,100,000, greater than 1,300,000, up to greater than 1.5 million centipoise at 20 degrees centigrade when measured using a Bohlin CVO rheometer measured in rotating shear mode at the shear rate of 0.2 per second.
- the viscosity of the invention compositions may be engineered to suit a specific use or dispensing system. Generally, as the amount of thickening agents such as fatty acid and polycarboxylic acid are increased, the viscosity of the composition increases.
- compositions otherwise prepared according to the invention except they lack fatty acids are viscous fluids with viscosities of about 10 Pas when taken at 0.2s "1 .
- Increasing the content of fatty acids from 0% to 1% results in a continuous increase of shear viscosity up to several hundreds of Pas along with the appearance changing from a flowing liquid to a solid gel or paste.
- Similar observations are made when modifying the concentration of polycarboxylic acid. As previously mentioned, without polycarboxylic acid the composition appears as a viscous liquid with shear viscosity below 10 Pas (0.2s 1 ). With the concentration of polycarboxylic acid between 5 and 8 weight percent, the composition turns into a paste resulting in viscosities in the range of 100-1000 Pas (0.2s- 1 ).
- Alkalinity Source A source of alkalinity is needed to control the pH of the use detergent solution.
- the alkalinity source is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or mixtures thereof; an alkali metal silicate such as sodium metasilicate and carbonate salts may also be used.
- the preferred source which is the most cost-effective, is commercially available sodium hydroxide which can be obtained in aqueous solutions in a concentration of about 50 wt-% and in a variety of solid forms in varying particle sizes.
- the sodium hydroxide can be employed in the invention in either liquid or solid form or a mixture of both.
- alkali metal carbonates alkali metal bicarbonates, alkali metal sesquicarbonates, alkali metal borates and alkali metal silicate.
- alkali metal carbonates between about 40 to about 80 weight percent, between about 45 to about 75 weight percent, and between about 50 to about 70 weight percent sodium hydroxide (50% actives) is included in the composition of the invention.
- nonionic detersive surfactants that can be used with the invention include the alcohol ethoxylates.
- a combination of nonionic surfactants is preferred.
- These include linear and branched alcohol ethoxylates.
- Suitable alcohol ethoxylates include those having between about 5 and 10 EO, between about 6 and 8 EO and a linear alcohol ethoxylate having between about 1 and 6 EO, between about 2 and 5 EO. Examples of these include the fatty alcohol C13-C15 ethoxylate (7EO) commercially available as Lutensol® AO7 and the fatty alcohol C13-C15 ethoxylate (3EO) commercially available as Lutensol® AO3, both available from BASF.
- Lutensol® surfactants are ethoxylates of oxo-alcohols which are synthetic alcohols.
- nonionic surfactants suitable for use in the present invention include but are not limited to ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers, ethylene oxide/propylene oxide/ethylene oxide copolymers, propylene oxide/ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers (such as those available under the Pluronics mark and Pluronics R from BASF, those surfactants sold under the Plurafacs mark from BASF and those sold under the Polytergents mark also from BASF).
- compositions of the invention include between about 5 and 35 weight percent nonionic surfactant or nonionic surfactant mixture, between about 10 and 30 weight percent, and between about 15 and 25 weight percent.
- the composition comprises between about 2 to about 25 weight percent, between about 5 and about 20 weight percent, and between about 8 and 17 weight percent of a first nonionic surfactant; and between about 0.5 and about 15 weight percent, between about 2 and 13 weight percent, and between about 5 and 10 weight percent of a second nonionic surfactant.
- the thickened emulsions of the invention are stabilized using a soap and polycarboxylic acid and alkyl polyglucosides optionally improve consistency, stability, and homogeneity of the thickened emulsions of the invention.
- Such surfactants have a strongly hydrophobic alkyl group with a strongly hydrophilic glycoside group that can have its hydrophilicity modified by the presence of ethylene oxide groups.
- these materials are effective emulsion stabilizers when the material is soluble in the aqueous phase and can promote small particle size emulsions.
- the alkyl polyglucoside, Glucopon 215 contains a hydrophobic group with an alkyl straight chain of C8 to ClO.
- This material has good solubility in sodium hydroxide solutions.
- alkyl polyglucosides with different alkyl groups and DP's.
- the general class of alkyl polyglucosides produces low interfacial tension between mineral oil and water. Low interfacial tension is probably responsible for the success of these surfactants in stabilizing the thickened emulsion.
- the system that is being used is different than the typical emulsion.
- the oil phase is the surfactant (fatty alcohol ethoxylate) while the aqueous phase is the sodium hydroxide solution along with other materials. Without being bound by theory, it is believed that the surfactant droplets are stabilized by the presence of a surfactant at the interface and the unusually high viscosity of the system.
- compositions of the invention optionally comprise between about 0.01 to about 10 weight percent alkyl polyglucoside, between about 0.5 to between about 8 weight percent, and between about 1 and about 5 weight percent (50% active).
- alkylpolyglucosides have a synergistic thickening, stabilizing, and homogenizing effect when used in combination with certain other thickening agents.
- APG is used in combination with a fatty acid and/or a polycarboxylic acid.
- APG is used in combination with a polyacrylate copolymer.
- APG is used in combination with an alcohol ethoxylate and/or an acrylic acid polymer and/or a polycarboxylic acid.
- the combination of fatty acid with polycarboxylic acid and optionally alkylpolyglucoside in the present formulation provides a composition having a sufficiently high viscosity, improved homogeneity and stability even at the high alkalinity required.
- other thickening agents widely known in the industry such as CMC, guar gums, xanthan gums, polyethylene glycol to name a few break down and are therefore ineffective at creating a high viscosity formulation. It is unusual for a composition having such a high caustic content and alkalinity to achieve a high viscosity as exhibited by compositions of the present invention.
- a fatty acid of choice in compositions of the invention comprises tall oil.
- Tall oil is also referred to as liquid resin and is a resinous yellow-black oily liquid composed of a mixture of rosins, fatty acids, sterols, high-molecular alcohols, and other alkyl chain materials.
- the crude tall oil is distilled into tall oil rosin (having the rosin content of 10 - 35%), further refinery gives to tall oil fatty acid (the rosin content of 1 - 10%).
- Tall oil fatty acid is particularly preferred in compositions of the invention due to its low cost and flowability. Unlike many other fatty acids, tall oil remains a liquid at ambient temperature making it easier to handle than other fatty acids.
- Tall oil is an unsaturated fatty acid containing primarily a combination of oleic and linolic acids and in lesser amounts palmitic and stearic acids among others.
- tall oil fatty acid comprises from about 0.01 to about 5 weight percent, from about 0.1 to about 4 weight percent, and from about 0.2 to about 3 weight percent.
- ACUS OL® 445 is a partially neutralized, liquid detergent polymer.
- the polyacrylate comprises ACUSOL® 445, a polyacrylic acid with a molecular weight of 4500 manufactured by Rohm and Haas, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Other polyacrylic acids of molecular weight 4500 (CRITERION 2005) and 8000 (CRITERION 2108) can be purchased from Kemira Chemicals, Kennesaw, Georgia. It is believed that other suitable examples include Soakalan CP5 available from BASF, Coatex DE185, or Isol Dispersant HN44.
- polycarboxylic acid comprises from about 1 to about 30 weight percent, from about 5 to about 20 weight percent, and from about 10 to about 15 weight percent.
- Alcohol Ethoxylates and Acrylic Acid Polymers are also useful as thickening agents in compositions of the invention.
- Isotridecanol ethoxylate is a nonionic surfactant available as Lutensol® TO 8 from BASF that has been found effective at providing thickening, stabilizing, and homogeneity in compositions of the invention.
- Alcohol ethoxylates such as isotridecanol ethoxylate have improved performance as a thickening agent when combined with either a polycarboxylic acid such as Accusol ® 445 discussed above, and/or an acrylic acid polymer such as Carbopol® ETD 2691 available from Lubrizol Corporation.
- Carbopol® is a lightly crosslinked polyacrylic acid polymer.
- alcohol ethoxylates are present in an amount from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent, from about 0.75 to about 9.5 weight percent, and from about 0.9 to about 9.0 weight percent.
- Polyacrylate copolymer Polyacrylate copolymers are also useful thickening, stabilizing, and homogenizing agents when incorporated into compositions of the invention.
- An example of such a copolymer is Cosmedia® available from Cognis.
- Cosmedia® is an emulsifying copolymer consisting of methacrylic acid and acryclic acid ethyl and butyl ester.
- polyacrylate copolymers are present in an amount from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent, from about 0.75 to about 9.5 weight percent, and from about 0.9 to about 9.0 weight percent.
- compositions of the invention preferably include water conditioning agents.
- the thickened emulsion compositions of the invention can comprise a polyvalent metal complexing, sequestering or chelating agent that aids in metal compound soil removal and in reducing harmful effects of hardness components in service water.
- a polyvalent metal cation or compound such as a calcium, a magnesium, an iron, a manganese, a molybdenum, etc. cation or compound, or mixtures thereof, can be present in service water and in complex soils.
- Such compounds or cations can comprise a stubborn soil or can interfere with the action of either washing compositions or rinsing compositions during a cleaning regimen.
- a chelating agent can effectively complex and remove such compounds or cations from soiled surfaces and can reduce or eliminate the inappropriate interaction with active ingredients including the nonionic surfactants and anionic surfactants of the invention.
- Both organic and inorganic chelating agents are common and can be used.
- Inorganic chelating agents include such compounds as sodium tripolyphosphate and other higher linear and cyclic polyphosphates species.
- Organic chelating agents include both polymeric and small molecule chelating agents.
- Organic small molecule chelating agents are typically organocarboxylate compounds or organophosphate chelating agents.
- Polymeric chelating agents commonly comprise polyanionic compositions such as polyacrylic acid compounds.
- Small molecule organic chelating agents include sodium gluconate, sodium glucoheptonate, N- hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriaacetic acid (NTA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), ethylenediaminetetraproprionic acid, triethylenetetraaminehexaacetic acid (TTHA), and the respective alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts thereof, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid trisodium salt (NTA), ethanoldiglycine disodium salt (EDG), diethanolglycine sodium-salt (DEG), and 1,3-propylenediaminetetraacetic acid (PDTA), dicarboxymethyl glutamic acid tetrasodium salt (GLDA), methylglycine-N-N- di
- Small molecule organic chelating agents also include biodegradable sequestrants having combinations of chelating and hydrotroping functionalities from EDG, MGDA and GLDA-type molecules.
- Preferred sequestrants include ethanoldiglycine disodium salt (EDG), dicarboxymethyl glutamic acid tetrasodium salt (GLDA), and methylglycine-N-N- diacetic acid trisodium salt (MGDA), due to their biodegradability and their ability to bind easily with hydrotropes to form ultra-compact concentrates.
- sequestrants that are suitable to include in compositions of the invention include anionic polyelectrolytes such as polyacrylates and acrylic acid copolymers, itaconic acid copolymers such as an acrylic/itaconic acid copolymer, maleates, sulfonates and their copolymers, alkali metal gluconates.
- chelating agents are organic phosphonates such as l-hydroxyethylidene-l,l-diphosphonic acid, amino tri(methylene phosphonic acid), hexamethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid), diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), and 2- phosphonobutane-l,2,4-tricarboxylic acid and other commercially available organic phosphonates water conditioning agents.
- organic phosphonates such as l-hydroxyethylidene-l,l-diphosphonic acid, amino tri(methylene phosphonic acid), hexamethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid), diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid), and 2- phosphonobutane-l,2,4-tricarboxylic acid and other commercially available organic phosphonates water conditioning agents.
- Most conventional agents appear to work since they are compatible in either the continuous phase or the droplet phase.
- a chelating agent is present in the composition concentrate in an amount of between about 0.05 and about 15 weight percent, more preferably about 1 to about 10 wt%, most preferably 3 to about 8 wt%.
- Dequest® 2010 may be included in compositions of the invention as the sequestering or chelating agent.
- Dequest® 2010 is 1-Hydroxyethylidene -1,1,- diphosphonic acid, acts as a sequestrant in the present invention, and is a commercially available from ClearTech Industries, Inc. located in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
- compositions of the invention comprise between about 0.01 to about 10 weight percent sequestrant, between about 0.5 to between about 8 weight percent, and between about 1 and about 5 weight percent (60% active).
- Baypure® CXlOO may be included in compositions of the invention as a chelating agent.
- Baypure® CXlOO is a medium-strength complexing agent with low remobilization of heavy metals. It is effective at complexing iron, copper and calcium ions and is biodegradable. If Baypure® CXlOO is included in compositions of the invention it is included in amount from about 1 up to about 30 weight percent, from about 2 up to about 20 weight percent, and from about 3 up to about 10 weight percent for a 34% actives solution of Baypure®.
- composition of the invention does not generally include additional water. While it is recognized that certain ingredients contain some amount of water because they are provided as a solution in water, additional water is not generally added to compositions of the invention. This is important in particular to maintain the high viscosity required of compositions of the invention.
- Compositions of the invention can be formulated without any additional water or can be provided with a relatively small amount of water in order to reduce the expense of transporting the composition.
- the water of dilution that can be used to dilute the composition to form a use composition is preferably soft water. That is, it is preferable that water of dilution be substantially free of hardness. Water can be characterized as hard water when it includes at least 1 grain hardness.
- Detergents typically contain a number of conventional, important but minor ingredients. These can include optical brighteners, soil antiredeposition agents, antifoam agents, low foaming surfactants, defoaming surfactants, pigments and dyes, which are used in these formulas.
- the compositions can also include chlorine and oxygen bleaches, which are not currently used in these formulas. Such materials can be formulated with the other ingredients or added during cleaning operations.
- compositions of the invention optionally include a component to inhibit discoloration or browning of the formulation otherwise referred to as a color stabilizing agent.
- a color stabilizing agent is optional; however, due to the off-putting nature of discolored laundry detergent it is a desirable option to include.
- this color stabilizer is monoethanolamine.
- a color stabilizing agent comprises from about 0.01 to about 5 weight percent, from about 0.05 to about 3 weight percent, and from about 0.10 to about 2 weight percent.
- Optical Brighteners may also be optionally added to compositions of the invention. Brighteners are commonly added to laundry detergents to replace whitening agents removed during washing and to make the clothes appear cleaner. Optical brighteners are commonly dyes that absorb light in the ultraviolet and violet region (usually 340-370nm) of the electromagnetic spectrum, and re-emit light in the blue region (typically 420-47 Onm). These additives are often used to enhance the appearance of color of fabric, causing a perceived "whitening" effect, making materials look less yellow by increasing the overall amount of blue light reflected. Optical brighteners may or may not be a desirable addition to compositions of the invention. Whether or not it is desirable to include optical brighteners is dependent upon the user. For instance, a side effect of optical whitening is to make the treated fabrics more visible with night vision devices than non-treated ones. For military or other applications such an effect would likely be undesirable.
- optical brighteners examples include triazine-stilbenes (di-, tetra- or hexa- sulfonated), coumarins, imidazolines, diazoles, triazoles, benzoxazolines and biphenyl-stilbenes to name a few.
- a single optical brightener or combinations of optical brighteners may be useful in compositions of the invention.
- optical brighteners comprise from about 0.1 to about 5 weight percent, from about 0.15 to about 3 weight percent, and from about 0.2 to about 2 weight percent.
- Examples of commercially available optical brighteners suitable for use in compositions of the invention include but are not limited to DMS-X and CBS-X, a distyryl biphenyl derivative, both available from Vesta- Intracon BV.
- Compositions of the invention may further include antiredeposition agents.
- Antiredeposition agents may be made from complex cellulosic materials such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), or synthetic materials such as polyethylene glycol and polyacrylates. They aid in preventing loosened soil from redepositing onto cleaned fabrics. Polyphosphate builders also help in reducing redeposition.
- Colorants are optionally added to compositions of the invention. Colorants may be in the form of a pigment or dye and may be added to provide a certain color to the composition. Additionally, blue colorants may be added to provide a bluing that imparts a desirable blue/white color to white fabrics.
- Fragrances Fragrances are optionally added to compositions of the invention. Fragrances generally provide three functions, regardless of the scent used. They cover the chemical odor of the detergent and the odor of soils in the washing solution and they impart a pleasant scent to fabrics, thus reinforcing the clean performance. Additionally, a fragrance may contribute to the character of the product. In an alternative embodiment, compositions of the invention may omit a fragrance in order to provide an unscented version thereby appealing to consumers who prefer low or no scent on laundry or to those whose skin is sensitive to fragrance ingredients.
- compositions of the invention include exemplary ingredients and amounts to prepare compositions of the invention:
- compositions of the invention are prepared by combining a nonionic surfactant, an alkyl polyglucoside composition, CMC and tall oil.
- the APG may be added at this time along with strong agitation.
- Any optical brighteners are added to the combination followed by addition of an aqueous base, the aqueous base comprising 50 wt. % active aqueous sodium hydroxide, to form an alkaline surfactant blend.
- Monoethanolamine is added to the combination followed by polycarboxylic acid as the final ingredient.
- the final mixture is exposed to high shear to form a stable thickened emulsion characterized by a viscosity of greater than about 250,000 centipoise at 20 degrees C using Bohlin CVO rheometer with air bearing and thermostat.
- Measurement is taken using two parallel plates each having 20mm diameter with a distance of 2mm between the plates.
- the sample is confined in the gap between the two plates at a constant temperature of 20 degrees C.
- the measurement is performed in such way that the upper plate is rotating at a certain speed (shear rate) and the lower plate is fixed, thereby shearing the sample between the plates.
- the torque that is required to maintain a certain shear rate is measured.
- the shear stress on the sample is calculated from the torque and the viscosity results as the ratio of shear stress and shear rate.
- the present invention also includes methods of use. Such methods include contacting soiled laundry items with a wash liquor comprising a major proportion of water and about 0.5 to 3.0 ppm of a liquid cleaner concentrate composition in the form of an aqueous emulsion having a continuous phase and a dispersed phase, the thickened emulsion having a stable viscosity and dispersed phase particle size, the composition comprising a phase stable thickened emulsion comprising a continuous phase; an effective soil removing amount comprising about 15 to about 50 wt % of a source of alkalinity; an effective soil removing amount comprising about 10 to about 30 wt % of a nonionic surfactant; an effective water conditioning or sequestering amount about 0.1 to about 20 wt % of a water conditioning or sequestering agent; an effective soil removing and emulsion stabilizing amount comprising up to about 5 wt % of an alkyl polyglucoside surfactant; an effective thickening amount of polycar
- compositions were prepared according to the invention except that they lacked fatty acids. These comparative compositions were viscous fluids with viscosities of about 10 Pas when taken at 0.2s "1 . Increasing the content of fatty acids from 0% to 1% resulted in a continuous increase of shear viscosity with the appearance changing from a flowing liquid to a solid gel or paste.
- compositions were prepared according to the invention except that they lacked polycarboxylic acid. Without polycarboxylic acid the composition appears as a viscous liquid with shear viscosity below 10 Pas (0.2s 1 ). With the concentration of polycarboxylic acid between 5 and 8 weight percent, the composition turns into a paste resulting in viscosities in the range of 100-1000 Pas (0.2s- 1 ).
- compositions were prepared according to the following tables.
- Viscosity was measured using a parallel plate system with each plate having
- compositions were prepared using Sokalan AT 10 from BASF, Carbopol EZ3 and EZ 4 from Noveon and Acusol 805S from Rohm & Haas but the resultant mixtures were not stable and separated into two viscous liquid phases. Compositions were prepared according to the following table:
- the viscosity was measured at a shear rate of 0.1s "1 . As all of these systems separate fast, the given values are only approximate.
- FIG. 1 shows shear thinning of a sample 6A of the invention. As shear is increased, viscosity decreases by about five orders of magnitude. As can be seen from the graph of Figure 1, the viscosity varies over more than 5 orders of magnitude in a shear rate range between 0.01 and 500s "1 .
- compositions of the invention were prepared according to the following table:
- the pH of a 1 % solution of the above- identified formulation was in the range of 12.2 to 12.9.
- Standard test stains which are commercially available from WFK (Krefeld/Germany) were used for this Example.
- the test stains were produced in a standardized manner and were placed on test strips. These were included in a washing machine together with 6.5kg of polyester textiles. Each procedure was repeated 4 times in 4 different washing machines, the values in the tables below are the averages of the 4 results for each procedure.
- the above-prepared composition was included in a dosage of 1.5g/l along with lml/1 of a bleaching agent (Ozonit super available from Ecolab, Inc.) was added in each test.
- the washing time was 10 minutes, temperature 70 0 C, bath ratio 1:5; soft water was used.
- the stain removal from the test strips was measured with an optical method, the light transmission at a fixed wave length is measured with the stain before and after washing. The results are the remission values shown in the tables.
- the tables below compare lab wash results of the thickened emulsion of the invention with a commercially available detergent.
- the top two tables show the results of wash performance with fat/pigment stains, the bottom table shows enzymatic stains.
- the results demonstrate that the thickened emulsion of the invention performed as well or better than the commercially available detergent in most situations.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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PCT/IB2008/055571 WO2010076595A1 (en) | 2008-12-29 | 2008-12-29 | Highly viscous detergent emulsion |
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JP (1) | JP5543490B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102264886B (en) |
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DE102012212726A1 (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2014-01-23 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Stable, liquid detergent with graying-inhibiting performance |
CN103060115A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2013-04-24 | 北京洛娃日化有限公司 | Heavy oil dirt cleaning gel |
WO2014128922A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-08-28 | 株式会社コーセー | Viscous detergent composition |
DE102013210273A1 (en) * | 2013-06-03 | 2014-12-04 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Washing, cleaning or pretreatment agent with increased cleaning power IV |
US10450538B2 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2019-10-22 | Henkel IP Holding GmbH | Detergent unit doses and methods of producing the same |
JP7133426B2 (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2022-09-08 | 日華化学株式会社 | Polyester clothing anti-dye transfer cleaning composition and cleaning method using the same. |
WO2020154347A1 (en) | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-30 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Polymer blend to stabilize highly alkaline laundry detergent |
JP7271267B2 (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-05-11 | 株式会社Adeka | Emulsified cleaning composition for hard surfaces |
WO2022120174A1 (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-06-09 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Improved stability and viscosity in high active high caustic laundry emulsion with low hlb surfactant |
CN118234839A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2024-06-21 | 达尔格化学有限责任公司 | Concentrated water-soluble powder detergents |
CN115926896B (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2024-05-14 | 合创(广州)科技研究有限公司 | High viscosity water-soluble unit dose detergent compositions and methods of making same |
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WO1995031528A1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1995-11-23 | Unilever N.V. | Detergent composition |
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JP4230328B2 (en) * | 2003-10-03 | 2009-02-25 | 花王株式会社 | Liquid detergent composition |
JP2005179570A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-07 | Kao Corp | Manufacturing method of multiphase liquid detergent composition |
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WO1996027000A1 (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1996-09-06 | Kay Chemical Company | Concentrated liquid gel warewash detergent |
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MX353956B (en) | 2018-02-07 |
MX2011006844A (en) | 2011-08-15 |
JP2012514061A (en) | 2012-06-21 |
CA2746854A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
EP2379689A4 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
CA2746854C (en) | 2016-10-25 |
CN102264886A (en) | 2011-11-30 |
JP5543490B2 (en) | 2014-07-09 |
ES2674577T3 (en) | 2018-07-02 |
CN102264886B (en) | 2014-02-19 |
AU2008365987A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 |
AU2008365987B2 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
WO2010076595A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
EP2379689B1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
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