EP2378212A1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung von thermischen Systemen, insbesondere Strahlungssystemen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung von thermischen Systemen, insbesondere Strahlungssystemen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2378212A1
EP2378212A1 EP11003185A EP11003185A EP2378212A1 EP 2378212 A1 EP2378212 A1 EP 2378212A1 EP 11003185 A EP11003185 A EP 11003185A EP 11003185 A EP11003185 A EP 11003185A EP 2378212 A1 EP2378212 A1 EP 2378212A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feed
temperature
heat transfer
transfer fluid
manifold
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11003185A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Claudio BORTOLASO
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2378212A1 publication Critical patent/EP2378212A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
    • F24D3/1058—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system disposition of pipes and pipe connections
    • F24D3/1066—Distributors for heating liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for controlling thermal systems, namely radiant heating systems.
  • a warm heat transfer fluid circulates at low temperature, generally between 30°C and 40°C, through the various structural components of the thermal system.
  • the temperature of the heat transfer fluid is adjusted as a function of the external temperature, by means of a mixing valve and of an adapted electronic apparatus for temperature control.
  • a circulating pump feeds the fluid at the same temperature to all the circuits connected to the mixing valve.
  • the circuits are generally constituted by one or more distribution manifolds.
  • the feed temperature is preset at a fixed value by using a thermostatic valve or an electronic regulator that operates a motorized valve.
  • the feed temperature is the same for all the circuits connected to the system; however, it is possible to adjust the temperature of each room independently by using thermostats which close the corresponding circuit when a desired ambient temperature is reached.
  • the same thermal system can be used to cool the rooms.
  • the feed temperature is the same for all the circuits connected to the system and its value must be such as to prevent condensation on the surfaces.
  • the humidity may be reduced by means of adapted air treatment machines, which can operate purely by dehumidification, with post-heating batteries, or also by cooling.
  • the temperature of the feed fluid of the air treatment machines is normally lower than the temperature of the fluid that flows in the circuits in order to have a better performance.
  • the feed temperature of the heat transfer fluid is the same for all circuits and is set to the value required to meet the least favoured room.
  • the radiating bodies are also sized as a function of this temperature.
  • a room thermostat is generally installed, setting the feed temperature of the heat transfer fluid to a value that is certainly higher than necessary, if the system is operating in heating mode, and lower than necessary, if the system is in the cooling mode.
  • the adjustment is entrusted to local thermostats, which close the corresponding circuit when the desired temperature is reached in the room; however, such temperature is subject to continuous variations.
  • high-temperature heating bodies such as radiators or heated towel rails
  • low-temperature heating bodies such as floor panels, wall panels or ceiling panels
  • two distinct temperature controls one for the low temperature and one for the high temperature.
  • a heating system with one feed temperature entails a further problem: in rooms that require a lower heat emission per unit surface, the pipes must be spaced further apart, however, excessively wide spacing of the pipes may lead to an increase in the time required by the system to reach the steady state.
  • a further problem of the conventional temperature control systems is that they are difficult to calibrate efficiently.
  • a 25°C variation of the outside temperature generally corresponds to a 20°C variation of the feed temperature of the system, which means that a 1°C variation of the outside temperature leads to a variation of the feed temperature of 0.8°C.
  • the aim of the invention is therefore to solve the problems described above, with an apparatus and a method for controlling thermal systems, namely radiant systems, that allow to supply user circuits that require different feed temperatures, by means of one distribution manifold and by using a single circulation pump.
  • a particular object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method that allow to adjust the feed temperature of each individual user circuit without modifying the flow-rate and temperature characteristics of the other circuits.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method that allow to vary the feed temperature of each individual user circuit, in each instant.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method that can be used for adjusting the temperature of radiant systems, regardless of whether they are preset for heating or for cooling.
  • Another important object of the invention is to provide an apparatus and a method that allow to use a single installation spacing in radiant systems, adjusting the real power by acting exclusively on the feed temperature of the heat transfer fluid that circulates in the specific user circuit.
  • an apparatus for controlling thermal systems namely radiant systems, comprising at least one first feed manifold and at least one return manifold; in an active condition, said first feed manifold distributes heat transfer fluid at feed temperature to a plurality of user circuits and said return manifold collects heat transfer fluid at return temperature from said user circuits; said apparatus is characterized in that it comprises a local thermal regulator means associated with said first feed manifold; in said active condition, said local thermal regulator means adjust independently the feed temperature of each individual user circuit in the active condition.
  • an apparatus for controlling thermal systems namely radiant systems, is generally designated by the reference numeral 1.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a first feed manifold 10 and a return manifold 30, which control and distribute a heat transfer fluid to the user circuits 40 of a thermal system 1000.
  • the user circuits 40 may be constituted by coils of radiating panels, by radiators, by other heating accessories or by any other heating body.
  • the first feed manifold 10 is constituted by a first tubular body 11, which is provided, at one end, with a first inlet 12 for the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature that arrives from a heating and refrigeration source.
  • a first threaded coupling 13, at the opposite end, allows the connection of other substantially equivalent feed manifolds.
  • the flow through the first inlet 12 is adjusted by a first ball valve 14, while the first threaded coupling 13 is closed by a first plug 15, when the first feed manifold 10 is capable of autonomously meeting the requirements of the thermal system 1000.
  • Feed branches 16 are provided on the side wall of the first tubular body 11. In an active condition such feed branches 16 distribute the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature to the user circuits 40.
  • the return manifold 30 includes a third tubular body 31, which is provided at one end with an outlet 32 for the heat transfer fluid at return temperature to be conveyed toward the heating and refrigeration source. At the opposite end, the return manifold 30 also includes a third threaded coupling 33, which allows the connection of other substantially equivalent return manifolds.
  • the third threaded coupling 33 is closed by an air vent valve and by a loading faucet 34.
  • Return branches 35 are provided on the side wall of the third tubular body 31. In the active condition, the return branches 35 collect the heat transfer fluid at return temperature that arrives from the user circuits 40.
  • the thermal system 1000 is preset for winter heating and the heating and refrigeration source is preferably constituted by the secondary circuit of a heat exchanger 1001, the primary circuit of which interacts with a boiler, which is not shown in the figures.
  • the heat exchanger 1001 is connected to the first inlet 12 and to the outlet 32 of the apparatus 1 and interacts with a circulation pump 50 which is preferably arranged at the same outlet 32.
  • the heat exchanger 1001 separates the boiler circuit from the circuit related to the heating bodies and prevents the flow rates between the primary and secondary circuits from affecting each other.
  • the thermal system 1000 also comprises an automatic air vent valve 1002, which is arranged substantially at the first inlet 12.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a local thermal regulator means 100, which is associated with the first feed manifold 10 in order to adjust the feed temperature of each individual user circuit 40 independently.
  • the local thermal regulator means 100 is essentially constituted by a second feed manifold 120, which is associated with the first feed manifold 10, and a series of injection assemblies 130, which interact with the two feed manifolds.
  • the second feed manifold 120 In the active condition, the second feed manifold 120, assisted by the injection assemblies 130, distributes heat transfer fluid at return temperature to the user circuits 40.
  • the injection assemblies 130 are in fact adapted to introduce a predefined quantity of heat transfer fluid at feed temperature into the heat transfer fluid at return temperature that is distributed by the second feed manifold 120 to the user circuits 40.
  • the second feed manifold 120 is formed by a second tubular body 121, which is provided at one end with a second inlet 122 for the heat transfer fluid at return temperature that arrives from the user circuits 40.
  • the flow in the second inlet 122 may be shut off by a second ball valve 124.
  • the second inlet 122 is connected to the outlet 32 of the return manifold 30 either directly or by means of the interposed circulation pump 50.
  • a second threaded coupling 123 is provided at the free end of the second tubular body 121 and allows to connect other substantially equivalent feed manifolds or to apply a second plug 125.
  • a double series of branches 126 is formed on the side wall of the first tubular body 11. Half of the branches distribute, to the user circuits 40, the heat transfer fluid that arrives from the injection assemblies 130.
  • Each injection assembly 130 has a tubular member 131, which is joined to the first feed manifold 10 and to the second feed manifold 120, in order to connect the feed branch 16 related thereto to the corresponding branch 126.
  • the upstream end 132 of the tubular member 131 is connected to the feed branch 16, while the downstream end 133 of the tubular member 131 enters the branch 126 that is connected to the feed manifold 10, so as to pass through the second feed manifold 120 and extend into the branch 126 that is connected to the user circuit 40.
  • this embodiment allows to control the flow conditions of the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature and of the heat transfer fluid at return temperature, establishing at least initially a laminar condition that slows down and postpones the mixing of the two fluids.
  • a flow control member 134 is provided substantially at the downstream end 133.
  • the flow control member 134 has a frustum-shaped cross-section and interacts with a seat 127 that is shaped complementarily.
  • the seat 127 is provided inside the second feed manifold 120, substantially at the point of connection to the feed duct of the user circuit 40 connected to the branch 126.
  • the flow control member 134 may partially or completely shut the flow of heat transfer fluid at return temperature, which is distributed by the second feed manifold 120, as a consequence of movements of the tubular member 131.
  • tubular member 131 in fact retains the possibility to slide with respect to them. Its position can be changed by means of adjustment means 135 which are actuated manually or automatically and allow to vary the gap between the flow control member 134 and the seat 127.
  • the adjustment means 135 are tuned, i.e. the correct positioning of the flow control member 134 is tuned with respect to the seat 127, only upon testing of the apparatus 1, and the setting remains substantially unchanged during its life thereof. This embodiment prevents tampering, malfunctions and unintentional alterations of the system.
  • a flow control valve 136 is positioned substantially at the upstream end 132 and is operated manually or automatically and connected to the first feed manifold 10.
  • the flow control valve 136 In the active condition, the flow control valve 136 partially or completely shuts off the flow of heat transfer fluid at feed temperature distributed by the first feed manifold 10 through the tubular member 131.
  • the apparatus 1 preferably comprises a balancing valve 140 located at the second inlet 122 in order to adjust, in a fixed or variable manner, the difference in pressure between the first feed manifold 10 and the second feed manifold 120. This pressure difference ensures that mixing between the heat transfer fluid at return temperature and the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature occurs in the second feed manifold 120.
  • the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature which arrives from a heating and refrigeration source, gathers in the first feed manifold 10
  • the heat transfer fluid at return temperature, which arrives from the user circuits 40 gathers in the second feed manifold 120.
  • one user circuit 40 among the ones connected to the thermal system 1000, if, in the active condition, the flow control member 134, of the corresponding injection assembly 130, does not abut the seat 127, a predefined quantity of heat transfer fluid at return temperature is introduced in the user circuit 40.
  • the tubular member 131 injects a predetermined quantity of heat transfer fluid at feed temperature into the heat transfer fluid at return temperature introduced in the user circuit 40, establishing initially a laminar flow condition that slows down and postpones the mixing of the two fluids.
  • a turbulent condition is subsequently established which, during distribution to the user circuit 40, mixes the heat transfer fluid at return temperature with the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature.
  • thermal system 1000 requires different feed temperatures in order to supply not only floor panels, wall panels or ceiling panels but also heating bodies such as radiators and/or heated towel rails, if it operates in heating mode, or air treatment machines, if it is operating in cooling mode.
  • the flow control valve 136 is closed: in this case, in the user circuit 40 being considered, it is optionally possible to distribute only the heat transfer fluid at return temperature, which gathers in the second feed manifold 120, and accordingly the heat exchange between the piping of the user circuit 40 and the environment is substantially nil.
  • the heat transfer fluid gathers in the return manifold 30 and, propelled by the circulation pump 50, returns to the heating and refrigeration source.
  • the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature that arrives from the heat exchanger 1001 is a high-temperature heat transfer fluid
  • the heat transfer fluid at return temperature that arrives from the user circuits 40 in which heat release has occurred is a low-temperature heat transfer fluid
  • the mixing between the two fluids allows to lower the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature to the desired value, making it equal, in an extreme case, to the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at return temperature, which is at a low temperature because it has released heat.
  • the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature that arrives from the heat exchanger 1001 is heat transfer fluid at low-temperature
  • the heat transfer fluid at return temperature, that arrives from the user circuits 40 in which heat absorption has occurred is heat transfer fluid at high-temperature.
  • the mixing between the two fluids allows to raise the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature to the desired value, making it equal, in an extreme case, to the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at return temperature, which is at a high temperature because it has absorbed heat.
  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling thermal systems, particularly for radiant systems, which can be used advantageously with temperature adjustment systems that are substantially equivalent to the apparatus 1 described earlier.
  • the method according to the invention essentially comprises introducing a predefined quantity of heat transfer fluid at feed temperature into a heat transfer fluid at return temperature when the heat transfer fluid at return temperature is conveyed into one of the user circuits of a thermal system.
  • this operation allows to lower the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature until, in an extreme case, it is equal to the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at return temperature, which is at a low temperature because it has released heat.
  • this operation allows to raise the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at feed temperature until, in an extreme case, it is equal to the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at return temperature, which is at a high temperature because it has absorbed heat.
  • each user circuit in a manner that is totally independent between one circuit and the other.
  • the heat transfer fluid at return temperature that is required to reach the desired feed temperature is constituted by part of the fluid that arrives from the user circuits.
  • the apparatus and the method according to the invention allow to adjust, in each instant, the feed temperature of each individual user circuit without altering the flow-rate and temperature characteristics of the other circuits.
  • the apparatus and the method according to the invention allow to use a single installation spacing in radiant systems, adjusting the areal power by acting exclusively on the feed temperature of the heat transfer fluid that circulates in the specific user circuit.
  • the apparatus and the method according to the invention can be used both for thermal systems operating in heating mode and for systems in cooling mode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
EP11003185A 2010-04-16 2011-04-15 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung von thermischen Systemen, insbesondere Strahlungssystemen Withdrawn EP2378212A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVI2010A000105A IT1400007B1 (it) 2010-04-16 2010-04-16 Apparato e metodo per il controllo degli impianti termici, in particolare per gli impianti radianti.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2378212A1 true EP2378212A1 (de) 2011-10-19

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EP11003185A Withdrawn EP2378212A1 (de) 2010-04-16 2011-04-15 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Steuerung von thermischen Systemen, insbesondere Strahlungssystemen

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EP (1) EP2378212A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1400007B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2528826A (en) * 2014-03-18 2016-02-10 V United Kingdom Ltd Sa Fluid flow control apparatus for a hydronic distribution system
AT526014A1 (de) * 2022-02-14 2023-10-15 Purmo Group Plc Verfahren zum Kühlen oder Heizen von Räumen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8100218U1 (de) * 1981-01-08 1981-05-21 Reich KG, Regel- und Sicherheitstechnik, 6340 Dillenburg Heizkreisverteiler
EP0633993B1 (de) * 1992-04-06 1997-09-17 Erroell Ab Fluid-steueranlage und verfahren zum betrieb derselben
DE10029490A1 (de) * 2000-06-15 2002-01-10 Schuetz Gmbh & Co Kgaa Verteileranordnung zum Anschließen einer kombinierten Raumheizung und Raumkühlung an eine Warm- oder Kühlwasseranlage
US20070000660A1 (en) * 2003-03-22 2007-01-04 Joergen Seerup Method for adjusting several parallel connected heat exchangers
US20070108307A1 (en) * 2004-05-21 2007-05-17 Ross Sinclaire Temperature conditioning radiant wall system for buildings
DE102006052124A1 (de) * 2006-11-06 2008-05-15 Danfoss A/S Abgleichsystem für eine Fußbodentemperierungs-Anordnung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8100218U1 (de) * 1981-01-08 1981-05-21 Reich KG, Regel- und Sicherheitstechnik, 6340 Dillenburg Heizkreisverteiler
EP0633993B1 (de) * 1992-04-06 1997-09-17 Erroell Ab Fluid-steueranlage und verfahren zum betrieb derselben
DE10029490A1 (de) * 2000-06-15 2002-01-10 Schuetz Gmbh & Co Kgaa Verteileranordnung zum Anschließen einer kombinierten Raumheizung und Raumkühlung an eine Warm- oder Kühlwasseranlage
US20070000660A1 (en) * 2003-03-22 2007-01-04 Joergen Seerup Method for adjusting several parallel connected heat exchangers
US20070108307A1 (en) * 2004-05-21 2007-05-17 Ross Sinclaire Temperature conditioning radiant wall system for buildings
DE102006052124A1 (de) * 2006-11-06 2008-05-15 Danfoss A/S Abgleichsystem für eine Fußbodentemperierungs-Anordnung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2528826A (en) * 2014-03-18 2016-02-10 V United Kingdom Ltd Sa Fluid flow control apparatus for a hydronic distribution system
AT526014A1 (de) * 2022-02-14 2023-10-15 Purmo Group Plc Verfahren zum Kühlen oder Heizen von Räumen
EP4227583A3 (de) * 2022-02-14 2023-10-18 Purmo Group Plc Verfahren zum kühlen oder heizen von räumen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITVI20100105A1 (it) 2011-10-17
IT1400007B1 (it) 2013-05-09

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