EP2367644B1 - Method and rolling die for producing a screw - Google Patents
Method and rolling die for producing a screw Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2367644B1 EP2367644B1 EP11701002A EP11701002A EP2367644B1 EP 2367644 B1 EP2367644 B1 EP 2367644B1 EP 11701002 A EP11701002 A EP 11701002A EP 11701002 A EP11701002 A EP 11701002A EP 2367644 B1 EP2367644 B1 EP 2367644B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rolling
- region
- thread
- rolling die
- depressions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims description 250
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 77
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H3/00—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape
- B21H3/02—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape external screw-threads ; Making dies for thread rolling
- B21H3/06—Making by means of profiled members other than rolls, e.g. reciprocating flat dies or jaws, moved longitudinally or curvilinearly with respect to each other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H3/00—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape
- B21H3/02—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape external screw-threads ; Making dies for thread rolling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a screw according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a rolling die according to the preamble of claim 9.
- a blank for forming the screw thread is rolled between two dies.
- a rolling profile is formed in each rolling die, which comprises a family of elongated depressions, which are intended to form the thread turn.
- Each rolling die has first and second ends spaced apart in the rolling direction, a blank being moved from the first towards the second end during rolling relative to the rolling die.
- blanks which have at least one cylindrical clearance which is formed into thread. Since in the rolling process by transverse pressure flow in the longitudinal direction of the thread occurs, it is common to the roll diameter d w0 , ie to choose the diameter of the blank used so that the volume per unit length in the blank is slightly greater than or equal to that of the finished thread.
- d G0 corresponds to a "cylindrical equivalent diameter" of the finish-rolled thread, namely the diameter of an imaginary replacement cylinder whose volume per unit length corresponds to that of the finish-rolled thread.
- d dV is an addition to the rolling diameter that is intended to compensate for axial thrust and is typically less than 5% of d w0 .
- d G0 is determined by this thread form, and d dV results automatically during the rolling process. This means that for the production of a certain thread form in the rolling process always a very specific rolling diameter d w0 must be selected, so there is no degree of freedom with respect to the choice of Durclunessers d w0 of the section of the blank where the thread is to be formed.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which the problems described above are avoided.
- a special rolling die according to claim 9 is used.
- Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims.
- a rolling die is used in which the mean pitch of the center lines of the recesses, which is defined as the quotient of the changes in the positions of the center line in the direction transverse to the rolling direction, in a first region of the first end of the Rolling jaws different from the average pitch in a region of the second end of the rolling die, the said region of the first end - as viewed in the rolling direction - opposite.
- Such a rolling die differs substantially from a conventional rolling die in which the center lines of all recesses are straight, parallel and equidistant.
- the invention proposes to vary the slope of the recesses along the rolling direction so that the average pitch in - viewed in the rolling direction - opposite areas at the first and second end of the rolling die are different from each other.
- regions viewed in the rolling direction designate those regions at the first and second end of the rolling jaw which are delimited by two lines parallel to the rolling direction.
- P 2 ie, the slope of the recesses at the second end of the rolling die is determined by the thread pitch of the finished screw because the rolling process ends at the second end of the rolling die.
- d w0 is defined by the desired thread form, the cylindrical replacement diameter d G0 and the addition d dV .
- a desired modified rolling diameter d ' w0 are chosen.
- P 1 d w ⁇ 0 2 d ' w ⁇ 0 2 ⁇ P 2 ,
- the pitch P 1 is identical for all cavities at the first end of the rolling die, and that the pitch P 2 for all cavities at the second end of the rolling die is identical.
- the invention is by no means limited to this embodiment, but embodiments are also described herein for variable pitch screws, for the production of a rolling jaws is used, in which the pitches of the wells both at the first end to each other vary and at the second end to each other. In order to do justice to both cases, reference is made below to the "average slope" in certain areas.
- the mean pitch P 2 in the area of the second end is greater than the mean pitch P 1 in the opposite area of the first end, ie P 2 > P 1 .
- a blank having a larger rolling diameter d' w0 may be used than in a prior art rolling method in which the rolling diameter of the blank would be set to d w0 .
- the rolling diameter d ' w0 can be chosen so large that it allows the formation of a screw head by pressing.
- said mean slopes in said regions at the first and second ends differ by at least 2.5%, preferably at least 15% and most preferably at least 25% from one another.
- the rolled section is formed so that the average volume per unit length of the finish-rolled screw thread is at least 5%, preferably at least 17% and more preferably at least 27% lower than that of the blank.
- An important application of the method is to uniformly stretch the blank in the course of rolling. This means that a thread is rolled from a cylindrical blank whose volume per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the thread is constant. In other embodiments, however, it may be advantageous if the rolled section is designed such that, starting from a cylindrical blank, a threaded section is rolled in which the volume varies per unit length. This is the case, for example, when a screw with a continuous thread variable pitch in the rolling process is to be produced. In this case, the term of a "continuous" thread indicates that it is a single, continuous thread, and serves to delimit against two separate threads, which are formed on the same screw.
- a screw with a continuous thread with variable pitch is, for example, in the WO 2009/015754 described.
- a suitable variation of the thread pitch can be generated when screwing the screw into a component an internal stress in the bond between the screw and the component.
- the variation of the thread pitch is to be selected such that the residual stress of a composite stress, which occurs under load of the component, is opposite, so that at least the voltage peaks of the resulting composite stress are reduced under load of the component.
- Such a screw with variable pitch can, for example, for reinforcing components, for. As laminated supports, or used to introduce forces into a component.
- variable pitch lead screw in a low pitch range i. lower pitch for forming the thread requires more material per unit length than in a high pitch area. If this additionally required material is missing during rolling, it may happen that the thread diameter decreases in the region of low thread pitch, or that the thread is not completely “filled” in the rolling process. The local lack of material is referred to below as "volume defect”.
- the rolled section is therefore chosen such that the following inequality holds: P 21 P 11 ⁇ P 22 P 12 .
- P 21 is the mean slope of the (center line of) depressions in a first region at the second end of the rolling die that is less than the mean slope P 22 of the depressions in a second region at the second end of the rolling die
- P 11 and P 12 are the average slopes in those areas at the first end of the rolling die, which are opposite to the first and the second region of the second end, as viewed in the rolling direction.
- a volume defect can also be compensated for by selecting a smaller cross-sectional area of a thread tooth by varying the flank angle and / or the thread depth for the finish-rolled thread in a region of lesser thread pitch.
- the thread may have a sharper flank angle in the region of lower thread pitch than in a region of greater thread pitch. This can be maintained with less available material a constant thread diameter.
- those depressions whose center lines have a greater pitch in the region of the first end of the rolling jaw are preferably made deeper in the region of the first end of the rolling jaw than those whose center line has a smaller pitch in the region of the first end of the rolling jaw. Since recesses of higher pitch are spaced further apart in the region of the first end, it is advantageous for the rolling process if these recesses are formed deeper.
- the recesses in the region of the first end of the rolling die are V-shaped in cross-section and at least in depth at least to ⁇ 10% proportional to the slope of the center line at the first end of the rolling die.
- FIG. 12 is a plan view of a prior art rolling die 10 that can be used to roll a constant pitch lead screw.
- the rolling die 10 has a first end 12 and a second end 14. During rolling, a blank 16 is rolled from the first end 12 of the rolling die 10 toward the second end 14. On the surface of the rolling die 10, a rolled profile is formed, which is formed from a plurality of rectilinear, parallel and equidistant depressions 18. The recesses 18 in the region of the first and second end 12, 14 are in Figs. 1B and 1C can be seen, each showing a plan view of one of the end faces 20, 22 of the rolling die 10. A screw 19 with finished rolled thread is shown in the region of the second end 14 of the rolling die 10.
- the cross-section of the recesses 18 changes between the first and second ends 12, 14 of the rolling jaw 10.
- the cross-sections of all recesses 18 at the first end 12 are identical (see Fig. 1B ), and the same applies to the cross sections 18 at the second end of the rolling die 10 (see Fig. 1C ).
- the center lines of the recesses 18 are rectilinear, parallel to each other and arranged equidistantly.
- Fig. 2A shows a plan view of a rolling die 24, which is suitable for producing a screw 26 also shown with a continuous thread 28 with a constant pitch.
- the screw 26 can be made of the same blank 16, which in the embodiment of Fig. 1A has been shown and is rolled from a first end 30 of the rolling die 24 towards a second end 32.
- Figs. 2B and 2C show plan views of end faces 36 and 38 in the region of the first and second end 30, 32 of the rolling die 24th
- FIGS. 2D and 2E show perspective views of the rolling die 24th
- Fig. 2A . 2D and 2E consists of the rolling profile of the rolling die 24 of a plurality of elongated recesses 34, unlike the dies 10 of Fig. 1A however, they are not straight, parallel and equidistant over their entire length. Instead, the recesses in the region of the first end 30 of the rolling jaw 24 are closer together than in the region of the second end 32, and the slopes of the center lines of the recesses, which are defined as the quotient of the changes in the position of the center lines in Direction transverse or parallel to the rolling direction, are less in the region of the first end of the rolling die than in the region of the second end.
- the recesses 34 are suitably shaped around a smooth transition between the smaller pitch in the region of the first end 30 of the rolling die 24 and the greater pitch in the region of the second end 32 of the rolling die 24 manufacture.
- the transition between the initial and the final pitch substantially occurs in a first length portion 25a of the rolling die that extends from the first end 30 to about 1 ⁇ 2 to 3 ⁇ 4 of the total length.
- the recesses 34 are similar to the conventional rolling 10 of Fig. 1A parallel and equidistant and therefore have a constant slope.
- the blank is stretched when forming the thread, whereas in the remaining second longitudinal region 25b, ie at the end of the rolling stretch, only the thread 28 is further formed.
- a relatively slender screw can be produced from a relatively thick blank.
- the ratio between the cylindrical equivalent diameter of the finished screw 26 and the blank 16 is approximately equal to the root of the ratio of the pitch of the recesses 34 at the first and second ends 30, 32 of the rolling die 24. It is therefore possible to make a screw with desired shape, the diameter of the blank within certain limits to choose freely and in turn to vary the slope of the wells at the first end 30 of the rolling die 24 relative to the slope at the second end 32 of the rolling die 24 accordingly.
- the screw 26 in the schematic representation of Fig. 2A shows only the rolled threaded portion, but the non-rolled portion of the blank has been omitted for the sake of simplicity.
- This unrolled portion of the comparatively thick blank may then be used, for example, to press a screw head or to form a metric thread thereon in another rolling operation to produce a hanger bolt (not shown in the figures).
- Fig. 3A shows a plan view of a rolling die 40, which is suitable for a method for producing a screw 42 also shown with a continuous thread 44 variable pitch.
- the screw 44 can be made of the same blank 16, which in the embodiment of Fig. 1A has been shown and which is rolled from a first end 46 of the rolling jaw 40 toward a second end 48.
- 3B and 3C show plan views of end faces 52 and 54 in the region of the first and second end 46, 48 of the rolling die 40th
- Fig. 3A consists of the rolling profile of the rolling jaw 40 of a plurality of elongated recesses 50, unlike the rolling jaw 10 of Fig. 1A however not straightforward, not parallel and not equidistant.
- the geometry of the recesses 50 is determined by Fig. 3D described in more detail, in which the plan view of the rolling jaws 40 is shown enlarged, and in the sake of clarity, only the center lines 50 'of the respective elongated depressions 50 are located.
- the center lines 50 'of each two adjacent recesses 50 are formed and arranged so that they can be brought by a shift in the rolling direction by a constant distance T in line.
- the centerlines 50 ' have a slope defined as the quotient of the centerline position changes ⁇ y and ⁇ x, respectively in the direction transverse (y-direction) or parallel (x-direction) to the rolling direction. Due to the translation symmetry in the rolling direction, the slopes of each centerline at their intersections are identical to a line 56 parallel to the rolling direction. Incidentally, this pitch is proportional to the thread pitch in the section 58 corresponding to the line 56 of the finished screw 42 (see also FIG Fig. 3A ), ie the portion of the screw which is formed by a portion of the rolling jaw 40 which extends along the line 56.
- the average pitch of the recesses 50 are identical in opposite regions at the first and second ends 46, 48 of the rolling die 40 herein.
- Each of these regions has six depressions 50, which means that the mean slope of the depressions 50 in the opposite regions 60, 62 is identical.
- Fig. 3B a second region 64 of the first end of the rolling jaw 40, the width of which corresponds to that of the first region 60, but in which the mean slope of the recesses is greater, because only four recesses fit in this region 64.
- the second region 64 of the first end a second region 66 of the second end, in which the mean slope is greater than in the first portion 62 of the second end, but equal to that in the opposite portion 64 of the first end.
- the recesses 50 in the region of the first end 46 of the rolling jaw 40 in cross-section V-shaped, and their depth is proportional to the slope of the center line 50 'in the region of the first end 46 of the rolling jaw 40, or to the spacing of adjacent recesses 50.
- the screw 42 which was produced with the rolling jaw 40, a constant volume per unit length, because the geometry of the rolled profile of Fig. 3A is initially chosen so that a volume transport in the axial direction during rolling of the blank 16 is avoided.
- the finished screw 42 requires more material in an area of lesser thread pitch, where the turns are closer together. If the thread pitch varies greatly with the screw, it can happen that the thread is not "filled” in places, because there is not enough material, or that the diameter of the thread decreases in this area.
- volume defect The lack of material in the area of lower thread pitch is referred to below as "volume defect”. To compensate for the volume defect, three approaches are proposed herein:
- a blank of variable section could be used instead of a cylindrical blank.
- This blank would have a slightly larger diameter in areas where a threaded portion of low pitch is to be formed than in areas where a portion of comparatively large pitch is to be formed.
- this solution is disadvantageous in that it requires a complicated production of the blank.
- a second solution is to vary the cross-sectional area of a thread tooth by varying the flank angle and / or the thread depth of the thread 44 so that the finish rolled thread has a smaller cross-sectional area of the thread tooth in a region of lesser thread pitch and thus the volume defect is compensated.
- the thread can have a more acute flank angle, so that the thread viewed in the longitudinal section of the screw is narrower and provided with a sharp edge and thus requires less material.
- This can be easily implemented in the die 40 by making the widths of the recesses 50 narrower and / or less deep at the second end 48 of the die 40 in areas of lesser thread pitch.
- the third and preferred solution is to design the rolled profile to produce some targeted volume transport from areas of greater thread pitch to areas of lesser thread pitch that balance the volume defect.
- This third variant is described in the second embodiment, which is described below with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4C is described.
- FIG. 12 shows a plan view of a rolling die 68 according to a second embodiment of the present invention having a first end 70 and a second end 72.
- a rolling profile consisting of a plurality of elongated, curved, non-parallel depressions 74 is formed.
- the course of the pits 74 is based on that of Fig. 3A which, however, has additionally been modified for a particular intended volume transport.
- Figs. 4B and 4C again show the top view of the end faces 76 and 78 of the first and second end 70, 72 of the rolling die 68.
- the rolled section in the second embodiment at the second end 72 of the rolling die 68 is identical to that at the second end 48 of the rolling jaw 40 of FIG. 3A to 3D , This is because the rolling operation at the second end is finished, and apart from the volume defect correction, the same type of screw is to be manufactured with both embodiments.
- the difference between the embodiments is in the shape of the rolled profile at the first end of the rolling die 68, as by comparison of FIG Fig. 4B and 3B can be seen.
- the thread pitches in - viewed in the rolling direction - opposite portions of the first and second ends 70, 72 of the rolling die 68 are no longer identical.
- a first portion 80 of the first end 70 of the die 68 which includes five dimples 74, is shown. This area is - viewed in the rolling direction - at the second end 72 of the rolling die 68, a region 82 opposite, fall in the six wells 74.
- the average pitch P 11 in the first region 80 of the first end 70 is greater than the average pitch P 21 in the first region 82 of the second end 72.
- the reverse effect occurs in a second region 86 at the second end 72 of the rolling jaw 52, which is opposite to a second region 84 at the first end 70 of the rolling jaw 68 - viewed in the rolling direction.
- the average pitch P 22 of the second area 86 at the second end of the rolling die 68 is greater than the average pitch P 12 at the opposite area 84, as viewed in the rolling direction, which means that a material transport corresponding to area 86 will occur Section of the thread takes place. This is useful because the corresponding area of the thread is a high pitch area where therefore less material per unit length is needed to form the thread.
- P 21 is the mean slope of the recesses in a first region at the second end of the rolling die
- P 22 the average slopes of the recesses in a second region at the second end of the rolling die
- P 11 and P 12 the middle slopes in the regions at the first end of the rolling die facing the first and the second region, as seen in the rolling direction
- P 21 ⁇ P 22 The above inequality thus defines a local redistribution of material in the axial direction that goes beyond global stretching or compression.
- the rolling dies of FIGS. 4A to 4C can for example be constructed as follows: Starting point of the rolling dies without volume transport, as in Fig. 3A is shown to be. The geometry of the wells of the rolling die without volume transport can then be based on a desired shape of the finished screw and using the in conjunction with FIGS. 3A to 3E construct named criteria. As explained above, the average pitches in - compared to opposite areas in the rolling direction at the first and second ends of the rolling die are initially identical. In a second step, the slopes at the first end can then be varied to produce the desired volume transport.
- ⁇ V is the volume defect of the i-th turn
- d G0 is a cylindrical replacement diameter of the finished thread, ie the diameter of a replacement cylinder having the same length and volume as the finished thread.
- dp (i) is the pitch change ⁇ , which is proportional to a change ⁇ X of the pits in the rolling direction.
- the slope corrections at the first end can be calculated for each turn.
- the correction leads to a displacement of the recesses at the first end of the rolling die, as a comparison of Fig. 4B With Fig. 4C makes it clear.
- the individual recesses may then be modified by smooth functions to result in the desired variation at the first end of the rolling die and the desired thread form at the second end of the rolling die.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schraube nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie einen Walzbacken nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 9. (Siehe
Im Allgemeinen werden Rohlinge verwendet, die mindestens einen zylindrischen Abstand aufweisen, der zum Gewinde umgeformt wird. Da beim Walzprozess durch Querdruck ein Fließen in Längsrichtung des Gewindes auftritt, ist es üblich den Walzdurchmesser dw0 , d.h. den Durchmesser des verwendeten Rohlings, so zu wählen, dass das Volumen pro Längeneinheit im Rohling etwas größer oder gleich demjenigen des fertigen Gewindes ist. Für den Walzdurchmesser dw0 gilt daher:
wobei dG0 einem "zylindrischen Ersatzdurchmesser" des fertiggewalzten Gewindes entspricht, nämlich dem Durchmesser eines gedachten Ersatzzylinders, dessen Volumen pro Längeneinheit demjenigen des fertiggewaltzten Gewindes entspricht. ddV ist eine Zugabe zum Walzdurchmesser, die zum Ausgleich des Axialschubs bestimmt ist und typischerweise weniger als 5 % von dw0 beträgt.In general, blanks are used which have at least one cylindrical clearance which is formed into thread. Since in the rolling process by transverse pressure flow in the longitudinal direction of the thread occurs, it is common to the roll diameter d w0 , ie to choose the diameter of the blank used so that the volume per unit length in the blank is slightly greater than or equal to that of the finished thread. For the rolling diameter d w0 , therefore:
where d G0 corresponds to a "cylindrical equivalent diameter" of the finish-rolled thread, namely the diameter of an imaginary replacement cylinder whose volume per unit length corresponds to that of the finish-rolled thread. d dV is an addition to the rolling diameter that is intended to compensate for axial thrust and is typically less than 5% of d w0 .
Wenn eine Schraube mit einer gewünschten Gewindeform im Walzprozess hergestellt werden soll, ist dG0 durch diese Gewindeform festgelegt, und ddV ergibt sich beim Walzprozess automatisch. Dies bedeutet, dass zur Herstellung einer bestimmten Gewindeform im Walzverfahren stets ein ganz bestimmter Walzdurchmesser d w0 gewählt werden muss, es besteht also keinerlei Freiheitsgrad bezüglich der Wahl des Durclunessers dw0 des Abschnitts des Rohlings, an dem das Gewinde geformt werden soll.If a screw with a desired thread form is to be produced in the rolling process, d G0 is determined by this thread form, and d dV results automatically during the rolling process. This means that for the production of a certain thread form in the rolling process always a very specific rolling diameter d w0 must be selected, so there is no degree of freedom with respect to the choice of Durclunessers d w0 of the section of the blank where the thread is to be formed.
Im Allgemeinen wird man sich bemühen, einen einfachen zylindrischen Rohling zu verwenden, weil dieser sich am einfachsten und kostengünstigsten herstellen lässt, und in diesem Fall ist der Durchmesser des Rohlings durch dw0 festgelegt. Dies führt jedoch in der Praxis oft zu Problemen. Wenn beispielsweise ein Schraubenkopf durch Pressen eines entsprechenden gewindefreien Abschnitts des Rohlings hergestellt werden soll, ist der vorgegebene Durclunesser dw0 dazu oft schlicht zu klein. In diesem Fall ist es unvermeidlich, einem Rohling mit veränderlichem Durchmesser zu verwenden, mit einem ersten, schlankeren Abschnitt zum Ausbilden des Gewindes und einem zweiten, dichteren Abschnitt zum Ausbilden des Kopfes. Eine ähnliche Situation tritt bei der Herstellung von Stockschrauben auf, d.h. Schrauben, die zwei unterschiedliche, voneinander getrennte Gewinde aufweisen, typischerweise ein metrisches Gewinde und ein selbstschneidendes Holzgewinde. Für beide Gewinde ergibt sich ein zugehöriger benötigter Walzdurchmesser dw0 (1) bzw. dw0 (2) , die jedoch in der Regel nicht identisch sein werden. Auch in diesem Fall ist es unvermeidlich, einen Rohling mit zwei Abschnitten unterschiedlichen Durchmessers bereitzustellen, was jedoch die Herstellungskosten wesentlich erhöht.In general, one will endeavor to use a simple cylindrical blank because it is easiest and most cost-effective to produce, and in this case the diameter of the blank is fixed by d w0 . However, this often leads to problems in practice. For example, if a screw head is to be made by pressing a corresponding unthreaded portion of the blank, the predetermined diameter d w0 is often simply too small. In this case, it is inevitable to use a variable diameter blank having a first, slimmer portion for forming the thread and a second, denser portion for forming the head. A similar situation arises in the manufacture of hanger bolts, ie bolts having two distinct, separate threads, typically a metric thread and a self-tapping wood thread. For both threads results in an associated required rolling diameter d w0 (1) or d w0 (2) , which, however, will not be identical in the rule. Also in this case, it is inevitable to provide a blank having two sections of different diameters, which, however, substantially increases the manufacturing cost.
Ein weiteres Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus der
Die Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, bei dem die oben beschriebenen Probleme vermieden werden.The invention has for its object to provide a method of the type mentioned, in which the problems described above are avoided.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 gelöst. In diesem Verfahren kommt ein spezieller Walzbacken nach Anspruch 9 zur Anwendung. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird ein Walzbacken verwendet, bei dem die mittlere Steigung der Mittellinien der Vertiefungen, die definiert ist als Quotient der Änderungen der Positionen der Mittellinie in Richtung quer bzw. parallel zur Walzrichtung, in einem ersten Bereich des ersten Endes des Walzbackens verschieden von der mittleren Steigung in einem Bereich des zweiten Endes des Walzbackens ist, der dem genannten Bereich des ersten Endes - in Walzrichtung betrachtet - gegenüberliegt.This object is achieved by the method according to claim 1. In this method, a special rolling die according to claim 9 is used. Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims. According to the method of the invention, a rolling die is used in which the mean pitch of the center lines of the recesses, which is defined as the quotient of the changes in the positions of the center line in the direction transverse to the rolling direction, in a first region of the first end of the Rolling jaws different from the average pitch in a region of the second end of the rolling die, the said region of the first end - as viewed in the rolling direction - opposite.
Ein solcher Walzbacken unterscheidet sich wesentlich von einem herkömmlichen Walzbacken, bei dem die Mittellinien sämtlicher Vertiefungen geradlinig, parallel zueinander und äquidistant sind. Dies bedeutet, dass bei einem herkömmlichen Walzbacken auch die Steigung der Mittellinien der Vertiefungen überall auf dem Walzbacken, und insbesondere an dessen ersten und zweiten Ende identisch sind. Abweichend hiervon wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, die Steigung der Vertiefungen entlang der Walzrichtung so zu variieren, dass die mittlere Steigung in - in Walzrichtung betrachtet - gegenüberliegenden Bereichen am ersten und zweiten Ende des Walzbackens voneinander verschieden sind. Hierbei bezeichnen "in Walzrichtung betrachtet gegenüberliegende Bereiche" solche Bereiche am ersten bzw. zweiten Ende des Walzbackens, die durch zwei zur Walzrichtung parallele Linien begrenzt werden.Such a rolling die differs substantially from a conventional rolling die in which the center lines of all recesses are straight, parallel and equidistant. This means that in a conventional rolling die and the slope of the center lines of the wells are identical everywhere on the rolling die, and in particular at its first and second ends. Notwithstanding this, the invention proposes to vary the slope of the recesses along the rolling direction so that the average pitch in - viewed in the rolling direction - opposite areas at the first and second end of the rolling die are different from each other. In this case, "regions viewed in the rolling direction" designate those regions at the first and second end of the rolling jaw which are delimited by two lines parallel to the rolling direction.
Mit der Variation der Steigung der Vertiefung in Walzrichtung geht ein Volumentransport des Rohlingmaterials in Axialrichtung einher, dessen Ausmaß von der Variation der Steigung der (Mittellinien der) Vertiefungen abhängt. Dies bedeutet, dass der starre Zusammenhang zwischen dem effektiven Durchmesser dG0 des fertigen Gewindes, welcher durch die Schraubenkonstruktion vorgegeben ist, und dem Walzdurchmesser dw0 nicht mehr besteht. Vielmehr besteht die Möglichkeit, einen Rohlingsdurchmesser d'w0 in gewissen Grenzen frei zu wählen und im Gegenzug die Steigung der Vertiefungen entlang der Walzrichtung geeignet zu variieren. Der Zusammenhang zwischen dw0 , d'w0 , der Steigung P1 der Vertiefungen am ersten und der Steigung P2 der Vertiefung am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens ergibt sich aus der Volumenerhaltung wie folgt:
Man beachte, dass P2 , d.h. die Steigung der Vertiefungen am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens durch die Gewindesteigung der fertigen Schraube festgelegt ist, weil der Walzprozess am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens endet. Ferner ist dw0 , wie eingangs beschrieben, durch die gewünschte Gewindeform, den zylindrischen Ersatzdurchmesser dG0 und die Zugabe ddV festgelegt. Jedoch kann in gewissen Grenzen ein gewünschter modifizierter Walzdurchmesser d'w0 gewählt werden. Dazu muss nach der obigen Gleichung lediglich die Steigung P1 der Vertiefungen am ersten Ende des Walzbackens wie folgt gewählt werden:
In dieser Betrachtung wurde davon ausgegangen, dass die Steigung P1 für sämtliche Vertiefungen am ersten Ende des Walzbackens identisch ist, und dass die Steigung P2 für sämtliche Vertiefungen am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens identisch ist. Die Erfindung ist jedoch keinesfalls auf diese Ausführungsform beschränkt, vielmehr werden hierin auch Ausführungsformen für Schrauben mit veränderlicher Gewindesteigung beschrieben, zu deren Herstellung ein Walzbacken verwendet wird, bei dem die Steigungen der Vertiefungen sowohl am ersten Ende untereinander variieren als auch am zweiten Ende untereinander variieren. Um beiden Fällen gerecht zu werden, wird im Folgenden auf die "mittlere Steigung" in bestimmten Bereichen Bezug genommen.In this consideration, it has been assumed that the pitch P 1 is identical for all cavities at the first end of the rolling die, and that the pitch P 2 for all cavities at the second end of the rolling die is identical. However, the invention is by no means limited to this embodiment, but embodiments are also described herein for variable pitch screws, for the production of a rolling jaws is used, in which the pitches of the wells both at the first end to each other vary and at the second end to each other. In order to do justice to both cases, reference is made below to the "average slope" in certain areas.
Vorzugsweise ist die mittlere Steigung P2 in dem Bereich des zweiten Endes größer als die mittlere Steigung P1 im gegenüberliegenden Bereich des ersten Endes, d.h. P2 > P1 . Dies entspricht anschaulich gesprochen einer Streckung des Rohlings beim Walzen und bedeutet nach der obigen Gleichung, dass d'w0 > dw0 . Demnach kann zur Herstellung einer bestimmten Schraubenform ein Rohling mit einem größeren Walzdurchmesser d'w0 verwendet werden, als in einem Walzverfahren nach dem Stand der Technik, in dem der Walzdurchmesser des Rohlings auf dw0 festgelegt wäre. Beispielsweise kann der Walzdurchmesser d'w0 so groß gewählt werden, dass er das Ausbilden eines Schraubenkopfes durch Pressen erlaubt.Preferably, the mean pitch P 2 in the area of the second end is greater than the mean pitch P 1 in the opposite area of the first end, ie P 2 > P 1 . This corresponds to an extension of the blank during rolling and, according to the above equation, means that d ' w0 > d w0 . Thus, to produce a particular helical shape, a blank having a larger rolling diameter d' w0 may be used than in a prior art rolling method in which the rolling diameter of the blank would be set to d w0 . For example, the rolling diameter d ' w0 can be chosen so large that it allows the formation of a screw head by pressing.
Vorzugsweise weichen die genannten mittleren Steigungen in den genannten Bereichen am ersten und zweiten Ende um mindestens 2,5 %, vorzugsweise mindestens 15 % und besonders vorzugsweise um mindestens 25 % voneinander ab.Preferably, said mean slopes in said regions at the first and second ends differ by at least 2.5%, preferably at least 15% and most preferably at least 25% from one another.
Vorzugsweise ist das Walzprofil so ausgebildet, dass das mittlere Volumen pro Längeneinheit des fertiggewalzten Schraubengewindes um mindestens 5 %, vorzugsweise mindestens 17 % und besonders vorzugsweise mindestens 27 % geringer ist, als diejenige des Rohlings.Preferably, the rolled section is formed so that the average volume per unit length of the finish-rolled screw thread is at least 5%, preferably at least 17% and more preferably at least 27% lower than that of the blank.
Eine wichtige Anwendung des Verfahrens besteht darin, den Rohling im Zuge des Walzens gleichförmig zu strecken. Dies bedeutet, dass aus einem zylindrischen Rohling ein Gewinde gewalzt wird, dessen Volumen pro Längeneinheit in Längsrichtung des Gewindes konstant ist. In anderen Ausführungsformen kann es jedoch von Vorteil sein, wenn das Walzprofil so ausgebildet ist, dass ausgehend von einem zylindrischen Rohling ein Gewindeabschnitt gewalzt wird, in dem das Volumen pro Längeneinheit variiert. Dies ist beispielsweise der Fall, wenn eine Schraube mit einem durchgängigen Gewinde veränderlicher Gewindesteigung im Walzverfahren hergestellt werden soll. Dabei weist der Begriff eines "durchgängigen" Gewindes darauf hin, dass es sich um ein einziges, fortlaufendes Gewinde handelt, und dient zur Abgrenzung gegenüber zweier voneinander getrennten Gewinden, die an derselben Schraube ausgebildet sind.An important application of the method is to uniformly stretch the blank in the course of rolling. This means that a thread is rolled from a cylindrical blank whose volume per unit length in the longitudinal direction of the thread is constant. In other embodiments, however, it may be advantageous if the rolled section is designed such that, starting from a cylindrical blank, a threaded section is rolled in which the volume varies per unit length. This is the case, for example, when a screw with a continuous thread variable pitch in the rolling process is to be produced. In this case, the term of a "continuous" thread indicates that it is a single, continuous thread, and serves to delimit against two separate threads, which are formed on the same screw.
Eine Schraube mit einem durchgängigen Gewinde mit veränderlicher Gewindesteigung ist beispielsweise in der
Man stellt fest, dass eine Schraube mit veränderlicher Gewindesteigung in einem Bereich geringer Gewindesteigung, d.h. niedrigerer Ganghöhe zum Ausbilden des Gewindes mehr Material pro Längeneinheit benötigt als in einem Bereich großer Ganghöhe. Falls dieses zusätzlich benötigte Material beim Walzen fehlt, kann es passieren, dass der Gewindedurchmesser im Bereich geringer Gewindesteigung abnimmt, bzw. dass das Gewinde im Walzprozess nicht vollständig "gefüllt" wird. Der lokale Mangel an Material wird im Folgenden auch als "Volumendefekt" bezeichnet.It will be noted that a variable pitch lead screw in a low pitch range, i. lower pitch for forming the thread requires more material per unit length than in a high pitch area. If this additionally required material is missing during rolling, it may happen that the thread diameter decreases in the region of low thread pitch, or that the thread is not completely "filled" in the rolling process. The local lack of material is referred to below as "volume defect".
Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es möglich, diesen Volumendefekt durch planmäßige Variation der Steigungen der Vertiefungen des Walzbackens und einen dadurch hervorgerufenen Materialtransport in axialer Richtung auszugleichen. Hierzu wird gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung das Walzprofil daher so gewählt, dass die folgende Ungleichung gilt:
wobei P21 die mittlere Steigung der (Mittellinie der) Vertiefungen in einem ersten Bereich am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens ist, die geringer ist als die mittlere Steigung P22 der Vertiefungen in einem zweiten Bereich am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens, und wobei P11 und P12 die mittleren Steigungen in denjenigen Bereichen am ersten Ende des Walzbackens sind, die dem ersten bzw. dem zweiten Bereich des zweiten Endes - in Walzrichtung betrachtet - gegenüberliegen.In the context of the invention, it is possible, this volume defect by systematic variation of the slopes of the wells of the rolling die and a material transport caused thereby to compensate in the axial direction. For this purpose, according to one embodiment of the invention, the rolled section is therefore chosen such that the following inequality holds:
wherein P 21 is the mean slope of the (center line of) depressions in a first region at the second end of the rolling die that is less than the mean slope P 22 of the depressions in a second region at the second end of the rolling die, and P 11 and P 12 are the average slopes in those areas at the first end of the rolling die, which are opposite to the first and the second region of the second end, as viewed in the rolling direction.
Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann ein Volumendefekt auch dadurch kompensiert werden, dass für das fertig gewalzte Gewinde in einem Bereich geringerer Gewindesteigung eine kleinere Querschnittsfläche eines Gewindezahnes durch Variation des Flankenwinkels und/oder der Gewindetiefe gewählt wird. So kann das Gewinde im Bereich geringerer Gewindesteigung einen spitzeren Flankenwinkel haben als in einem Bereich größerer Gewindesteigung. Dadurch kann mit weniger zu Verfügung stehendem Material ein gleichbleibender Gewindedurchmesser beibehalten werden.Additionally or alternatively, a volume defect can also be compensated for by selecting a smaller cross-sectional area of a thread tooth by varying the flank angle and / or the thread depth for the finish-rolled thread in a region of lesser thread pitch. Thus, the thread may have a sharper flank angle in the region of lower thread pitch than in a region of greater thread pitch. This can be maintained with less available material a constant thread diameter.
Vorzugsweise sind bei dem Walzbacken solche Vertiefungen, deren Mittellinien im Bereich des ersten Endes des Walzbackens eine größere Steigung haben, im Bereich des ersten Endes des Walzbackens tiefer ausgebildet als solche, deren Mittellinie im Bereich des ersten Endes des Walzbackens eine kleinere Steigung haben. Da Vertiefungen mit höherer Steigung im Bereich des ersten Endes weiter voneinander beabstandet sind, ist es für den Walzprozess vorteilhaft, wenn diese Vertiefungen tiefer ausgebildet sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Vertiefungen im Bereich des ersten Endes des Walzbackens im Querschnitt V-förmig und in ihrer Tiefe zumindest bis auf ±10% proportional zur Steigung der Mittellinie am ersten Ende des Walzbackens.In the case of the rolling die, those depressions whose center lines have a greater pitch in the region of the first end of the rolling jaw are preferably made deeper in the region of the first end of the rolling jaw than those whose center line has a smaller pitch in the region of the first end of the rolling jaw. Since recesses of higher pitch are spaced further apart in the region of the first end, it is advantageous for the rolling process if these recesses are formed deeper. Preferably, the recesses in the region of the first end of the rolling die are V-shaped in cross-section and at least in depth at least to ± 10% proportional to the slope of the center line at the first end of the rolling die.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung, in der die Erfindung anhand zweier Ausführungsbeispiele unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben wird. Darin zeigen:
- Fig. 1A
- eine Draufsicht auf einen Walzbacken nach dem Stand der Technik zum Walzen eines Gewindes mit konstanter Gewindesteigung sowie eines Rohlings und eines fertig gewalzten Gewindes;
- Fig. 1B
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche des Walzbackens von
Fig. 1A an dessen erstem Ende; - Fig. 1C
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche des Walzbackens von
Fig. 1A an dessen zweitem Ende; - Fig. 2A
- eine Draufsicht auf einen Walzbacken nach einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, sowie eines Rohlings und eines fertig gewalzten Gewindes;
- Fig. 2B
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche des Walzbackens von
Fig. 2A an dessen erstem Ende; - Fig. 2C
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche des Walzbackens von
Fig. 2A an dessen zweitem Ende; - Fig. 2D und Fig. 2E
- perspektivisch Ansichten des Walzbackens von
Fig. 2A ; - Fig. 3A
- eine Draufsicht auf einen Walzbacken zum Herstellen einer Schraube mit veränderlicher Gewindesteigung ohne axialen Volumentransport;
- Fig. 3B
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche des Walzbackens von
Fig. 3A an dessen erstem Ende; - Fig. 3C
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche des Walzbackens von
Fig. 3A an dessen zweitem Ende; - Fig. 3D
- eine vergrößerte und vereinfachte Ansicht der Draufsicht auf den Walzbacken von
Fig. 3A ; - Fig. 4A
- eine Draufsicht auf einen Walzbacken nach einer zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sowie eines Rohlings und eines fertig gewalzten Gewindes;
- Fig. 4B
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche des Walzbackens von
Fig. 4A an dessen erstem Ende; - Fig. 4C
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche des Walzbackens von
Fig. 4A an dessen zweitem Ende.
- Fig. 1A
- a plan view of a rolling die according to the prior art for rolling a thread with a constant pitch and a blank and a finished rolled thread;
- Fig. 1B
- a plan view of an end face of the rolling die of
Fig. 1A at its first end; - Fig. 1C
- a plan view of an end face of the rolling die of
Fig. 1A at its second end; - Fig. 2A
- a plan view of a rolling die according to a first embodiment of the invention, as well as a blank and a finished rolled thread;
- Fig. 2B
- a plan view of an end face of the rolling die of
Fig. 2A at its first end; - Fig. 2C
- a plan view of an end face of the rolling die of
Fig. 2A at its second end; - FIGS. 2D and 2E
- perspective views of the rolling of
Fig. 2A ; - Fig. 3A
- a plan view of a rolling die for producing a variable pitch screw without axial volume transport;
- Fig. 3B
- a plan view of an end face of the rolling die of
Fig. 3A at its first end; - Fig. 3C
- a plan view of an end face of the rolling die of
Fig. 3A at its second end; - Fig. 3D
- an enlarged and simplified view of the top view of the dies of
Fig. 3A ; - Fig. 4A
- a plan view of a rolling die according to a second embodiment of the invention and a blank and a finished rolled thread;
- Fig. 4B
- a plan view of an end face of the rolling die of
Fig. 4A at its first end; - Fig. 4C
- a plan view of an end face of the rolling die of
Fig. 4A at its second end.
Der Walzbacken 10 hat ein erstes Ende 12 und ein zweites Ende 14. Beim Walzen wird ein Rohling 16 vom ersten Ende 12 des Walzbackens 10 in Richtung auf das zweite Ende 14 gewalzt. Auf der Oberfläche des Walzbackens 10 ist ein Walzprofil ausgebildet, das aus einer Vielzahl von geradlinigen, parallelen und äquidistanten Vertiefungen 18 gebildet wird. Die Vertiefungen 18 im Bereich des ersten bzw. zweiten Endes 12, 14 sind in
Wie in
Wie in
Man beachte, dass in der gezeigten Ausführungsform der Übergang zwischen der Anfangs - und der Endsteigung im Wesentlichen in einem ersten Längenbereich 25a des Walzbackens geschieht, der vom ersten Ende 30 bis zu etwa ½ bis ¾ der Gesamtlänge reicht. In einem zweiten, an das zweite Ende 32 angrenzenden Längenbereich 25b des Walzbackens 24 sind die Vertiefungen 34 ähnlich wie beim herkömmlichen Walzbacken 10 von
Aus
Man beachte, dass die Schraube 26 in der schematischen Darstellung von
In der Ausführungsform von
Wie in
Wie in
In
Man beachte jedoch, dass die mittlere Steigung der Vertiefungen 50 - in Walzrichtung betrachtet - in einander gegenüberliegenden Bereichen am ersten und zweiten Ende 46, 48 des Walzbackens 40 hier identisch sind. Zur Erläuterung ist in
Ferner zeigt
Die Tatsache, dass die mittleren Steigungen in - in Walzrichtung betrachtet - gegenüberliegenden Abschnitten 60/62 bzw. 64/66 am ersten und am zweiten Ende 46, 48 des Walzbackens 40 identisch sind, hat zur Folge, dass es praktisch keinen Materialvolumentransport in axialer Richtung des Rohlings (bzw. γ-Richtung des Walzbackens 40) gibt.The fact that the average pitches in - viewed in the rolling direction -
Ein weiterer Unterschied zwischen dem Walzbacken 40 von
Da der verwendete Rohling 16 zylindrisch ist und daher ein konstantes Volumen pro Längeneinheit aufweist, hat auch die Schraube 42, die mit dem Walzbacken 40 hergestellt wurde, ein konstantes Volumen pro Längeneinheit, denn die Geometrie des Walzprofiles von
Der Mangel an Material im Bereich geringerer Gewindesteigung wird im Folgenden als "Volumendefekt" bezeichnet. Um den Volumendefekt auszugleichen, werden hierin drei Vorgehensweisen vorgeschlagen:The lack of material in the area of lower thread pitch is referred to below as "volume defect". To compensate for the volume defect, three approaches are proposed herein:
Erstens könnte anstatt eines zylindrischen Rohlings ein Rohling mit veränderlichem Querschnitt verwendet werden. Dieser Rohling hätte in Bereichen, in denen ein Gewindeabschnitt geringer Gewindesteigung auszubilden ist, einen etwas größeren Durchmesser als in Bereichen, in denen einen Abschnitt mit vergleichsweise großer Gewindesteigung auszubilden ist. Diese Lösung ist jedoch insofern nachteilig, als sie eine aufwendige Fertigung des Rohlings erforderlich macht.First, instead of a cylindrical blank, a blank of variable section could be used. This blank would have a slightly larger diameter in areas where a threaded portion of low pitch is to be formed than in areas where a portion of comparatively large pitch is to be formed. However, this solution is disadvantageous in that it requires a complicated production of the blank.
Eine zweite Lösung besteht darin, die Querschnittsfläche eines Gewindezahnes durch Variation des Flankenwinkels und/oder der Gewindetiefe des Gewindes 44 so zu variieren, dass das fertig gewalzte Gewinde in einem Bereich geringerer Gewindesteigung eine kleinere Querschnittsfläche des Gewindezahnes aufweist und so der Volumendefekt kompensiert wird. So kann das Gewinde einen spitzeren Flankenwinkel haben, so dass das Gewinde im Längsschnitt der Schraube betrachtet schmaler und mit einer spitzeren Flanke versehen ist und somit weniger Material benötigt. Dies kann bei dem Walzbacken 40 einfach implementiert werden, indem die Breiten der Vertiefungen 50 am zweiten Ende 48 des Walzbackens 40 in Bereichen geringerer Gewindesteigung schmaler und/oder weniger tief ausgebildet werden.A second solution is to vary the cross-sectional area of a thread tooth by varying the flank angle and / or the thread depth of the
Die dritte und bevorzugte Lösung besteht darin, das Walzprofil so auszugestalten, dass ein gewisser gezielter Volumentransport von Bereichen größerer Gewindesteigung in Bereiche geringerer Gewindesteigung erzeugt wird, der den Volumendefekt gerade ausgleicht. Diese dritte Variante ist in der zweiten Ausführungsform beschrieben, die im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf
Nach der zweiten Ausführungsform von
Der umgekehrte Effekt tritt in einem zweiten Bereich 86 am zweiten Ende 72 des Walzbackens 52 auf, der einem zweiten Bereich 84 am ersten Ende 70 des Walzbackens 68 - in Walzrichtung betrachtet - gegenüberliegt. Wie
Man beachte, dass durch eine Variation der Gewindesteigung in - in Walzrichtung betrachtet - gegenüberliegenden Abschnitten am ersten und zweiten Ende des Walzbackens sowohl eine globale Streckung bzw. Stauchung des Gewindes als auch eine Umverteilung von Materialien in axialer Richtung erreicht werden kann. Für die Korrektur des oben beschriebenen Volumendefekts reicht jedoch eine globale Streckung oder Stauchung nicht aus, vielmehr muss Material aus einem Bereich höherer Gewindesteigung in einen Bereich geringerer Gewindesteigung transferiert werden. Ein Kriterium für eine solche Umverteilung ist durch die folgende Ungleichung gegeben:
wobei P21 die mittlere Steigung der Vertiefungen in einem ersten Bereich am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens ist, P22 die mittleren Steigungen der Vertiefungen in einem zweiten Bereich am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens und P11 und P12 die mittleren Steigungen in den Bereichen am ersten Ende des Walzbackens sind, die dem ersten und dem zweiten Bereich - in Walzrichtung betrachtet - gegenüberliegen, und wobei ferner gilt: P21<P22. Die obige Ungleichung definiert somit eine lokale Umverteilung von Material in axialer Richtung, die über eine globale Streckung oder Stauchung hinausgeht.It should be noted that by varying the thread pitch in - viewed in the rolling direction - opposite portions at the first and second ends of the rolling die both a global stretching or compression of the thread and a redistribution of materials in the axial direction can be achieved. For the correction of the volume defect described above, however, a global stretching or compression is not sufficient, but rather Material must be transferred from a higher pitch area to a lower pitch area. A criterion for such a redistribution is given by the following inequality:
where P 21 is the mean slope of the recesses in a first region at the second end of the rolling die, P 22 the average slopes of the recesses in a second region at the second end of the rolling die, and P 11 and P 12 the middle slopes in the regions at the first end of the rolling die facing the first and the second region, as seen in the rolling direction, and further wherein: P 21 <P 22 . The above inequality thus defines a local redistribution of material in the axial direction that goes beyond global stretching or compression.
Der Walzbacken von
wobei ΔV der Volumendefekt der i-ten Windung und dG0 ein zylindrischer Ersatzdurchmesser des fertigen Gewindes ist, d.h. der Durchmesser eines Ersatzzylinders, der die gleiche Länge und das gleiche Volumen hat, wie das fertige Gewinde. Hierbei ist dp(i) die Steigungsänderung Δϕ, die proportional zu einer Änderung ΔX der Vertiefungen in Walzrichtung ist.The rolling dies of
where ΔV is the volume defect of the i-th turn and d G0 is a cylindrical replacement diameter of the finished thread, ie the diameter of a replacement cylinder having the same length and volume as the finished thread. Here, dp (i) is the pitch change Δφ, which is proportional to a change ΔX of the pits in the rolling direction.
Auf diese Weise können die Steigungskorrekturen am ersten Ende für jede Windung berechnet werden. Die Korrektur führt zu einer Verschiebung der Vertiefungen am ersten Ende des Walzbackens, wie dies ein Vergleich von
Man beachte, dass sich bei den Walzbacken 24, 40 und 68 von
- 1010
- Walzbackendies
- 1212
- erstes Ende des Walzbackens 10first end of the rolling 10
- 1414
- zweites Ende des Walzbackens 10second end of the rolling 10
- 1616
- Rohlingblank
- 1818
- Vertiefungdeepening
- 1919
- Schraubescrew
- 2020
- Stirnfläche am ersten Ende des Walzbackens 10End face at the first end of the rolling 10th
- 2222
- Stirnfläche am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens 10End face on the second end of the rolling 10th
- 2424
- Walzbackendies
- 25a25a
- erster Längenbereichfirst length range
- 25b25b
- zweiter Längenbereichsecond length range
- 2626
- Schraubenscrew
- 2828
- Gewindethread
- 3030
- erstes Ende des Walzbackens 24first end of the rolling die 24
- 3232
- zweites Ende des Walzbacken 24second end of the rolling jaw 24th
- 3434
- Vertiefungdeepening
- 3636
- Stirnseite am ersten Ende des Walzbackens 24Front side at the first end of the rolling die 24th
- 3838
- Stirnseite am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens 24Front side at the second end of the rolling die 24th
- 4040
- Walzbackendies
- 4242
- Schraubescrew
- 4444
-
Gewinde der Schraube 42Thread of the
screw 42 - 4646
-
erstes Ende des Walzbackens 40first end of the rolling
jaw 40 - 4848
-
zweites Ende des Walzbackens 40second end of the rolling
jaw 40 - 5050
- Vertiefungdeepening
- 5252
- Stirnseite am ersten Ende des Walzbackens 40End face at the first end of the rolling jaw 40th
- 5454
- Stirnseite am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens 40Front side at the second end of the rolling jaw 40th
- 5656
- Linie parallel zur WalzrichtungLine parallel to the rolling direction
- 5858
-
Abschnitt des Gewindes 42Section of the
thread 42 - 6060
- erster Bereich am ersten Ende des Walzbackensfirst area at the first end of the rolling die
- 6262
-
erster Bereich am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens 40first area at the second end of the rolling
jaw 40 - 6464
- zweiter Bereich am ersten Ende des Walzbackens 40second area at the first end of the rolling jaw 40th
- 6666
- zweiter Bereich am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens 40second area at the second end of the rolling jaw 40th
- 6868
- Walzbackendies
- 7070
- erstes Ende des Walzbackens 68first end of the rolling die 68
- 7272
- zweites Ende des Walzbackens 68second end of the rolling die 68
- 7474
- Vertiefungdeepening
- 7676
- Stirnseite am ersten Ende des Walzbackens 68Front side at the first end of the rolling die 68th
- 7878
- Stirnseite am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens 68Front side at the second end of the rolling die 68th
- 8080
- erster Bereich am ersten Ende des Walzbackens 68first area at the first end of the rolling die 68
- 8282
- erster Bereich am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens 68first area at the second end of the rolling die 68
- 8484
- zweiter Bereich am ersten Ende des Walzbackens 68second area at the first end of the rolling die 68th
- 8686
- zweiter Bereich am zweiten Ende des Walzbackens 68second area at the second end of the rolling die 68th
Claims (15)
- A method for manufacturing a screw (26, 42), in which method a blank (16) is rolled between two rolling dies (24, 68), wherein
in each rolling die (24, 68) a rolling profile is formed that comprises a host of elongated depressions (34, 74), and
the rolling die (24, 68) comprises a first and a second end (30, 32; 70, 72) spaced apart from each other in the direction of rolling, wherein during rolling the blank (16) is moved relative to the die (24, 68) from the first end towards the second end,
characterised in that
the mean slope of the centre lines of the depressions (34, 74) in a region of the first end (30, 70) of the rolling die (24, 68) differs from the mean slope in a region of the second end (32, 72) of the rolling die (24, 68), which region - when viewed in the direction of rolling - is opposite the region of the first end,
wherein the slope of a centre line is defined as the quotient of the changes in the positions of the centre line in the directions transverse and parallel to the direction of rolling, respectively. - The method according to claim 1, in which the above-mentioned mean slopes in the above-mentioned regions at the first end and at the second end differ from each other by at least 2.5%, preferably at least 10% and particularly preferably by at least 25% and/or
in which the above-mentioned mean slope in the region of the second end (32) is larger than in the region of the first end (30) and/or
in which the rolling profile is designed so that the mean volume per unit of length of the finish-rolled screw thread is smaller by at least 5%, preferably at least 17% and particularly preferably at least 27% than that of the blank (16). - The method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the rolling profile is formed so that starting from a cylindrical blank (16) a thread section is rolled in which the volume per unit of length varies, wherein preferably the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the volume per unit of length of the thread section is at least 2%, preferably at least 4% and particularly preferably at least 6% of the maximum value of the volume per unit of length.
- The method according to claim3, in which the screw has a continuous thread with a variable thread pitch, and the mean slope P21 of the depressions (74) in a first region (80) at the second end (72) of the rolling die (68) is less than the mean slope P22 of the depressions (72) in a second region (86) at the second end (72) of the rolling die (68), and wherein the following applies:
wherein P11 and P12 denote the mean slope in the regions (80, 84) at the first end (72) of the rolling die (68), which when viewed in the direction of rolling, are opposite the above-mentioned first and second regions (82, 86) of the second end (72), respectively. - The method according to claim 4, in which the depressions (74) in the region of the second end (72) are formed in such a manner that the finish-rolled thread in a region of a smaller thread pitch has a smaller cross-sectional area and/or a more acute flank angle of a thread ridge than in a region of a larger thread pitch,
in which the depressions (74) in a first region at the second end (72) of the rolling die (68) where the mean thread pitch is smaller than in a second region at the second end (68) of the rolling die (68), are preferably narrower than in the second region, and/or
in which such depressions (74) whose centre line in the region of the first end (70) has a larger slope, in the region of the first end (70) are deeper than those whose centre line in the region of the first end (70) has a smaller slope, wherein preferably the depression in the region of the first end (70) of the rolling die (24, 52) is V-shaped in cross section, and its depth is proportional, at least within ±10%, to the slope of the centre line. - The method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which, furthermore, a screw head is formed by pressing a non-rolled section of the blank (16).
- The method for manufacturing a screw, in which the screw comprises two threads that are separate of each other, and at least one of the threads is rolled in a method according to one of claims 1 to 5,
in which in particular the screw is a hanger screw that comprises a metric thread and a wood thread or dowel thread. - The method according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the slopes of the centre lines of the depressions (34, 74) vary continuously.
- A rolling die (24, 68) for manufacturing a screw (26, 42), in which rolling die (24, 68) a rolling profile is formed that comprises a host of elongated depressions (34, 74), wherein the rolling die (24, 68) comprises a first and a second end (30, 32; 70, 72) spaced apart from each other in the direction of rolling, wherein during rolling the blank (16) is moved relative to the die (24, 68) from the first end towards the second end,
characterised in that
the mean slope of the centre lines of the depressions (34, 74) in a region of the first end (30, 70) of the rolling die (24, 68) differs from the mean slope in a region of the second end (32, 72) of the rolling die (24, 68), which region - when viewed in the direction of rolling - is opposite the region of the first end,
wherein the slope of a centre line is defined as the quotient of the changes in the positions of the centre line in the directions transverse and parallel to the direction of rolling, respectively. - The rolling die (24, 68) according to claim 9, in which the above-mentioned mean slope in the above-mentioned regions at the first end and at the second end differ from each other by at least 2.5%, preferably at least 15% and particularly preferably at least 25% and/or
in which the above-mentioned mean slope in the region of the second end (32) is larger than in the region of the first end (30) and/or
in which the rolling profile is designed so that the mean volume per unit of length of the finish-rolled screw thread is smaller by at least 5%, preferably at least 17% and particularly preferably at least 27% than that of the blank (16). - The rolling die (68) according to any one of claims9 or 10, in which the rolling profile is formed so that starting from a cylindrical blank (16) a thread section is rolled in which the volume per unit of length varies,
in which the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the volume per unit of length of the thread section is at least 2%, preferably at least 4% and particularly preferably at least 6% of the maximum value of the volume per unit of length. - The rolling die (68) according to claim 11, for manufacturing a screw with a continuous thread with a variable thread pitch, wherein the mean slope P21 of the depressions (74) in a first region (80) at the second end (72) of the rolling die (68) is less than the mean slope P22 of the depressions (72) in a second region (86) at the second end (72) of the rolling die (68), and wherein the following applies:
wherein P11 and P12 denote the mean slopes in the regions (80, 84) at the first end (72) of the rolling die (68), which when viewed in the direction of rolling, are opposite the above-mentioned first and second regions (82, 86) of the second end (72), respectively. - The rolling die (68) according to claim12, in which the depressions (74) in the region of the second end (72) are formed in such a manner that the finish-rolled thread in a region of a smaller thread pitch has a smaller cross-sectional area and/or a more acute flank angle of a thread ridge than in a region of a larger thread pitch,
in which the depressions (74) in a first region at the second end (72) of the rolling die (68) where the mean thread pitch is smaller than in a second region at the second end (68) of the rolling die (68), are preferably narrower than in the second region. - The rolling die (68) according to claims 12 or 13, in which such depressions (74) whose centre line in the region of the first end (70) has a larger slope are deeper in the region of the first end (70) than those whose centre line in the region of the first end (70) has a smaller slope, wherein
preferably the depressions in the region of the first end (70) of the rolling die (68) are V-shaped in cross section, and the depth of the depressions is proportional, at least within ±10%, to the slope of the centre line. - The rolling die (24, 68) according to any one of claims 9 to 14, in which the slopes of the centre lines of the depressions (34, 74) vary continuously.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL11701002T PL2367644T3 (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2011-01-14 | Method and rolling die for producing a screw |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010000083A DE102010000083A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2010-01-14 | Method and dies for making a screw |
PCT/EP2011/000155 WO2011086000A1 (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2011-01-14 | Method and rolling die for producing a screw |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2367644A1 EP2367644A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
EP2367644B1 true EP2367644B1 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
Family
ID=43733314
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11701002A Active EP2367644B1 (en) | 2010-01-14 | 2011-01-14 | Method and rolling die for producing a screw |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9192980B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2367644B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2786926A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010000083A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2397916T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2012008216A (en) |
PL (1) | PL2367644T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011086000A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017103073A1 (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2018-08-16 | Hieber & Maier GmbH | A tool for thread rolling a thread-forming screw, method for producing a hole-forming and / or thread-forming screw, and a thread-forming and / or hole-forming screw |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9643237B1 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2017-05-09 | Mark Doll | Compound die for dual thread forming |
US9757792B1 (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2017-09-12 | Mark Doll | Method for making a die for roll forming a dual threaded bolt |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE57269C (en) * | THE AMERICAN screw COMPANY in Providence, Rhode Island, V. St. A | Work piece and roller plate for the production of screws | ||
JPS4838066B1 (en) * | 1970-04-15 | 1973-11-15 | ||
JPS4838066A (en) | 1971-09-16 | 1973-06-05 | ||
GB1403267A (en) * | 1971-10-15 | 1975-08-28 | Bauer Carl | Method and apparatus for making screw-threaded bolts |
JPS4887247A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1973-11-16 | ||
KR100443883B1 (en) * | 2000-11-24 | 2004-08-09 | 주식회사 만도 | Synchronous rolling machine of an each other gear shape |
DE602004004057T2 (en) * | 2004-01-26 | 2007-07-12 | Ho, Jen-Tong | Screw with a variety of helixes and dies for their manufacture |
DE102007035183B4 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2010-05-12 | Ludwig Hettich & Co. | Generation of a systematic residual stress distribution in components by introducing screws or threaded rods with a longitudinally variably changing thread pitch |
FR2941507A1 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2010-07-30 | Lisi Aerospace | THREADING WITH DISTRIBUTION OF CONSTRAINTS |
-
2010
- 2010-01-14 DE DE102010000083A patent/DE102010000083A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-01-14 EP EP11701002A patent/EP2367644B1/en active Active
- 2011-01-14 CA CA2786926A patent/CA2786926A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-01-14 PL PL11701002T patent/PL2367644T3/en unknown
- 2011-01-14 ES ES11701002T patent/ES2397916T3/en active Active
- 2011-01-14 WO PCT/EP2011/000155 patent/WO2011086000A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-01-14 MX MX2012008216A patent/MX2012008216A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2012
- 2012-07-13 US US13/548,763 patent/US9192980B2/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017103073A1 (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2018-08-16 | Hieber & Maier GmbH | A tool for thread rolling a thread-forming screw, method for producing a hole-forming and / or thread-forming screw, and a thread-forming and / or hole-forming screw |
DE102017103073B4 (en) | 2017-02-15 | 2022-08-11 | Hieber & Maier GmbH | Tool for thread rolling a thread-forming screw, method for producing a hole-forming and/or thread-forming screw, and a thread-forming and/or hole-forming screw |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9192980B2 (en) | 2015-11-24 |
EP2367644A1 (en) | 2011-09-28 |
PL2367644T3 (en) | 2013-03-29 |
WO2011086000A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
ES2397916T3 (en) | 2013-03-12 |
CA2786926A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
DE102010000083A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
US20120316000A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
MX2012008216A (en) | 2012-08-17 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE4333791C2 (en) | Tapping screw | |
DE2706246C2 (en) | ||
DE2754870C3 (en) | Self-tapping screw | |
AT212249B (en) | Cold-drawn wire with a solid cross-section deviating from the circular shape as well as the method and device for its production | |
DE2544531C2 (en) | Thread self-tapping screw | |
DE2257112A1 (en) | SELF-LOCKING SCREWS | |
DE3201846A1 (en) | SELF-FORMING SCREW | |
WO2014131615A1 (en) | Concrete screw | |
WO2020239460A1 (en) | Connecting element | |
DE2115868A1 (en) | Threaded body and method and device for its production | |
EP2367645B1 (en) | Method and rolling die for producing a screw having a variable thread pitch | |
EP2367644B1 (en) | Method and rolling die for producing a screw | |
EP0504782B1 (en) | Screw, method and rolling die for manufacturing the same | |
EP2792429B1 (en) | Axial thread rolling head and method for forming an external thread on a workpiece with an axial thread rolling head | |
EP2961545A1 (en) | Method for producing screws and concrete screw | |
DE1750206A1 (en) | Escapement screw and process for its manufacture | |
EP3004665A1 (en) | Thread former and rolling die | |
DE102017103073B4 (en) | Tool for thread rolling a thread-forming screw, method for producing a hole-forming and/or thread-forming screw, and a thread-forming and/or hole-forming screw | |
WO2017102376A1 (en) | Threaded element | |
DE2703433A1 (en) | THREAD FORMING SCREW AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME AND ROLLING JAW FOR PERFORMING THE METHOD | |
DE102008045728C5 (en) | rolling bar | |
EP2292939A2 (en) | Concrete screw | |
EP3519708A1 (en) | Internally threaded locking element, threaded connection and production method and tool | |
EP2855951B1 (en) | Screw and method for the production thereof | |
EP0004541A1 (en) | Screw, especially thread forming screw and screw forming thread roll for this screw |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20110530 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 581699 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20121115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20121227 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SE Ref legal event code: TRGR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2397916 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 Effective date: 20130312 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: PL Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20130131 Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20130228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20130201 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20130228 Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: LUDWIG HETTICH & CO. Effective date: 20130131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20130131 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130131 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20130801 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: MM4A |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130131 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: BOEHMERT & BOEHMERT, DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Effective date: 20130801 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: LUDWIG HETTICH & CO. KG, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LUDWIG HETTICH & CO., 78713 SCHRAMBERG, DE Effective date: 20131111 Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: BOEHMERT & BOEHMERT ANWALTSPARTNERSCHAFT MBB -, DE Effective date: 20131111 Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: LUDWIG HETTICH HOLDING GMBH & CO. KG, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LUDWIG HETTICH & CO., 78713 SCHRAMBERG, DE Effective date: 20131111 Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: BOEHMERT & BOEHMERT, DE Effective date: 20131111 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130114 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140131 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20140131 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20110114 Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20130114 Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20121031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R082 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Representative=s name: BOEHMERT & BOEHMERT ANWALTSPARTNERSCHAFT MBB -, DE Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R081 Ref document number: 502011000179 Country of ref document: DE Owner name: LUDWIG HETTICH HOLDING GMBH & CO. KG, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LUDWIG HETTICH & CO. KG, 78713 SCHRAMBERG, DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: CD Owner name: LUDWIG HETTICH GMBH & CO. KG, DE Effective date: 20160113 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: HC Owner name: LUDWIG HETTICH HOLDING GMBH & CO. KG; DE Free format text: DETAILS ASSIGNMENT: VERANDERING VAN EIGENAAR(S), VERANDERING VAN NAAM VAN DE EIGENAAR(S); FORMER OWNER NAME: LUDWIG HETTICH & CO. Effective date: 20151215 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MM01 Ref document number: 581699 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20160114 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20160114 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230524 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Payment date: 20231227 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PL Payment date: 20231228 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20240125 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20240209 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20240129 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20240123 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20240125 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20240123 Year of fee payment: 14 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20240125 Year of fee payment: 14 |