EP2360700A1 - Electrical conduit, in particular a high voltage energy cable or high frequency cable with a large conduit cross-section - Google Patents
Electrical conduit, in particular a high voltage energy cable or high frequency cable with a large conduit cross-section Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2360700A1 EP2360700A1 EP10000958A EP10000958A EP2360700A1 EP 2360700 A1 EP2360700 A1 EP 2360700A1 EP 10000958 A EP10000958 A EP 10000958A EP 10000958 A EP10000958 A EP 10000958A EP 2360700 A1 EP2360700 A1 EP 2360700A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- section
- conductor
- strands
- cross
- outside
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/30—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for reducing conductor losses when carrying alternating current, e.g. due to skin effect
- H01B7/306—Transposed conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/02—Stranding-up
- H01B13/0278—Stranding machines comprising a transposing mechanism
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical conductor, in particular a high-voltage power cable or high-frequency cable with a large conductor cross-section, and with a selected number of wires composed of individual wires, which are insulated from each other and are arranged in layers around the conductor center.
- Millikenleiter which consists of several segments, which are isolated from each other and stranded around a support member, a central conductor located in the middle, each segment consists of several layers of mutually insulated wires.
- the invention has for its object to find a ladder training, with which the skin effect is further reduced, as is the case with the Millikenleiter.
- the reduction of the skin effect achieved with the conductor construction according to the invention has the overall advantage that a larger current can flow with the same conductor cross-section and, vice versa, the conductor cross-section can be chosen smaller for a given current, which then leads to cost savings in conductor material, in particular copper , leads or leads to lower AC resistances and thereby to lower operating losses of the entire cable system.
- the conductor structure according to the invention has a high current carrying capacity. For example, for a 2,500 mm 2 cable, it is up to 23% higher than the current carrying capacity of a normal conductor.
- FIG. 1 and 2 In the execution according to Fig. 1 and 2 is a copper conductor with 1200 mm 2 shown. This nominal cross-section is distributed over 37 equal strands, each of which is composed of individual wires.
- the strands are individually wrapped, for example, with a thin film or folded and thus insulated.
- the strands are removed during the production of individual processes and fed to a stranding machine. While the stranding machine provides for feed and rotation, the operations continuously change their position.
- the strands change over selected equal lengths of the conductor along a predetermined position track their position position continuously such that each strand takes each possible position in the ladder once each. That is in the FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrates, in which the 37 or 61 strands of a conductor are shown schematically as examples.
- the position changes of the strands thereby first pass through the layers of the strands in one Section of the conductor cross-section progresses from inside to outside from layer to layer in alternating directions and subsequently the layers pass through the layers of strands in the other section of the conductor cross-section in changing directions from outside to inside progressively into the conductor center (from 2 to 1).
- the change of position takes place evenly on the lowest layer of the first section of the conductor cross-section, whereby another same position track run begins.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b show an embodiment according to the uniform method accordingly FIGS. 1a and 1b , represented on a conductor with 4 layers and 61 strands.
- FIGS. 4a and 4b show an embodiment according to the abrupt method accordingly FIGS. 2a and 2b , represented on a conductor with 4 layers and 61 strands.
- FIG. 5 For example, a complete equipment of the conductor is shown as a cable. With 1 of the split in the manner described above in strands conductor is referred to. With 2 an applied conductor smoothing is designated. The insulation is designated 3. 4 is a field smoothing and 5 is a winding formed from a swellable nonwoven. 6 is a made of bare copper wires Umbrella. 7 is again a winding of swellable nonwoven. An aluminum sheet metal strip is designated 8. 9 and 10 are sheath formations of the cable.
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- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen elektrischen Leiter, insbesondere ein Hochspannungs-Energiekabel oder Hochfrequenz-Kabel mit einem großen Leiterquerschnitt, und mit einer gewählten Anzahl von aus Einzeldrähten zusammengesetzten Litzen, die gegeneinander isoliert sind und in Lagen um das Leiterzentrum angeordnet sind.The invention relates to an electrical conductor, in particular a high-voltage power cable or high-frequency cable with a large conductor cross-section, and with a selected number of wires composed of individual wires, which are insulated from each other and are arranged in layers around the conductor center.
In elektrischen Leitern und Kabeln für die Hochspannungs-Wechselstrom-Übertragung und in Hochfrequenz-Kabeln treten insbesondere Verluste durch sowohl den so genannten Skin-Effekt als auch durch den sogenannten "Proximity-Effekt" auf, welche bewirken, dass die Stromdichte im Inneren eines Leiters niedriger ist als an der Oberfläche des Leiters. Ursache ist das Entstehen von Wirbelströmen in dem Leiter, die dem Stromfluss im Zentrum des Leiters entgegengerichtet sind. Als Folge dieser mittig induzierten Gegenspannung kommt es zu einer Verdrängung des Stromes an den Rand des Leiters. Das wirkt wie eine Verringerung des wirksamen Leiterquerschnitts. Je höher die Frequenz ist, desto stärker ist dieser Effekt. Abhilfe wurde hier teilweise durch den so genannten Millikenleiter erreicht, der aus mehreren Segmenten besteht, die gegeneinander isoliert und um ein Tragorgan, einen in der Mitte befindlichen Rundleiter, verseilt sind, wobei jedes Segment aus mehreren Lagen von gegenseitig isolierten Drähten besteht.In electrical conductors and cables for high-voltage alternating current transmission and in high-frequency cables, losses occur in particular due to both the so-called skin effect and the so-called "proximity effect", which cause the current density inside a conductor is lower than at the surface of the conductor. The cause is the generation of eddy currents in the conductor, which are opposite to the current flow in the center of the conductor. As a result of this centrally induced counter-voltage, there is a displacement of the current to the edge of the conductor. This acts as a reduction of the effective conductor cross-section. The higher the frequency, the stronger this effect. Remedy here was partially achieved by the so-called Millikenleiter, which consists of several segments, which are isolated from each other and stranded around a support member, a central conductor located in the middle, each segment consists of several layers of mutually insulated wires.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Leiterausbildung aufzufinden, mit welcher der Skin-Effekt weiter verringert wird, als dies bei dem Millikenleiter der Fall ist.The invention has for its object to find a ladder training, with which the skin effect is further reduced, as is the case with the Millikenleiter.
Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass der Leiter in gleich langen Abschnitten auf seiner gesamten Querschnittsfläche von jeder seiner Litzen auf einer Positionsbahn von innen nach außen und umgekehrt durchlaufen ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the conductor is passed through sections of equal length on its entire cross-sectional area of each of its strands on a position track from the inside to the outside and vice versa.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße kontinuierlich erfolgende Positionsveränderung der einzelnen Litzen des Leiters wird der Verdrängungseffekt des elektromagnetischen Feldes auf die inneren Lagen gleichmäßig auf alle Litzen verteilt. Dabei wird der Sektoraufbau des Millikenleiters vermieden. Der Aufbau der Litzen aus Einzeldrähten ergibt den Vorteil, dass scharfe Bequetschungen von Drähten, die zu erhöhter Querleitfähigkeit führen, vermieden werden. Gleichzeitig wird ein hoher Verdichtungsgrad ohne Kompaktierungsarbeit erzielt. Durch die Vermeidung von Lackdrahtschichten wird eine gute Montagefreundlichkeit erreicht.Due to the inventive continuous change in position of the individual strands of the conductor of the displacement effect of the electromagnetic field is distributed to the inner layers evenly on all strands. In doing so, the sector structure of the Millikenleiter is avoided. The structure of the strands of individual wires gives the advantage that sharp pinching of wires, which lead to increased transverse conductivity, are avoided. At the same time a high degree of compaction is achieved without Kompaktierungsarbeit. By avoiding enamel wire layers, a good ease of installation is achieved.
Die mit der erfindungsgemäßen Leiterkonstruktion erzielte Herabsetzung des Skin-Effekts ergibt insgesamt den Vorteil, dass bei gleichem Leiterquerschnitt ein größerer Strom fließen kann und umgekehrt bei vorgegebenem Strom der Leiterquerschnitt kleiner gewählt werden kann, was dann entweder zu kostenmäßig großen Einsparungen an Leitermaterial, wie insbesondere Kupfer, führt oder aber zu geringeren Wechselstrom-Widerständen und dadurch zu geringere Betriebsverluste der gesamten Kabelanlage führt.The reduction of the skin effect achieved with the conductor construction according to the invention has the overall advantage that a larger current can flow with the same conductor cross-section and, vice versa, the conductor cross-section can be chosen smaller for a given current, which then leads to cost savings in conductor material, in particular copper , leads or leads to lower AC resistances and thereby to lower operating losses of the entire cable system.
Der erfindungsgemäße Leiteraufbau besitzt eine hohe Stromtragfähigkeit. Dieselbe liegt zum Beispiel bei einem Kabel mit 2500 mm2 um bis zu 23 % über der Stromtragfähigkeit eines Normalleiters.The conductor structure according to the invention has a high current carrying capacity. For example, for a 2,500 mm 2 cable, it is up to 23% higher than the current carrying capacity of a normal conductor.
Weitere Ausbildungen und Vorteile des erfindungsgemäßen Leiters ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und aus der Figurenbeschreibung.Further embodiments and advantages of the conductor according to the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description of the figures.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1a:
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen 3-lagigen Leiter großen Querschnitts mit 37 zu einem Leiterseil zusammengefassten Litzen mit eingezeichneten Positionswechseln nach der gleichmäßigen Methode in einem Schritt s = 0;
- Fig. 1 b:
- den Leiter gemäß
Fig. 1a nach einem Schritt s = 1; - Fig. 2a:
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen 3-lagigen Leiter großen Querschnitts mit 37 zu einem Leiterseil zusammenfassten Litzen mit eingezeichneten Positionswechseln nach der abrupten Methode in einem Schritt s = 0;
- Fig. 2b:
- den Leiter gemäß
Fig. 2a nach einem Schritt s = 1; - Fig. 3a:
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen 4-lagigen Leiter großen Querschnitts mit 61 zu einem Leiterseil zusammengefassten Litzen mit eingezeichneten Positionswechsel nach der gleichmäßigen Methode in einem Schritt s = 0;
- Fig. 3b:
- den Leiter gemäß
Fig. 3a nach einem Schritt s = 1; - Fig. 4a:
- einen schematischen Querschnitt durch einen 4-lagigen Leiter großen Querschnitts mit 61 zu einem Leiterseil zusammenfassten Litzen mit eingezeichneten Positionswechseln nach der abrupten Methode in einem Schritt s = 0;
- Fig. 4b:
- den Leiter gemäß
Fig. 4a nach einem Schritt s =1; und - Fig. 5:
- einen Querschnitt durch den Gesamtaufbau eines Leiters in der Ausführung als Kabel.
- Fig. 1a:
- a schematic cross section through a 3-layer conductor of large cross-section with 37 combined into a conductor cable strands with marked position changes according to the uniform method in a step s = 0;
- Fig. 1b:
- according to the ladder
Fig. 1a after a step s = 1; - Fig. 2a:
- a schematic cross section through a 3-layer conductor of large cross-section with 37 combined into a conductor strand strands with marked position changes according to the abrupt method in a step s = 0;
- Fig. 2b:
- according to the ladder
Fig. 2a after a step s = 1; - Fig. 3a:
- a schematic cross section through a 4-layer conductor of large cross-section with 61 combined into a conductor cable strands with marked position change according to the uniform method in a step s = 0;
- 3b:
- according to the ladder
Fig. 3a after a step s = 1; - Fig. 4a:
- a schematic cross section through a 4-layer conductor of large cross section with 61 to a conductor cable combined strands with marked position changes according to the abrupt method in a step s = 0;
- Fig. 4b:
- according to the ladder
Fig. 4a after a step s = 1; and - Fig. 5:
- a cross section through the overall structure of a conductor in the execution as a cable.
Bei der Ausführung gemäß
Bei der Ausführung gemäß
Die
Die
Die
In
Claims (9)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass der Leiter in gleich langen Abschnitten auf seiner gesamten Querschnittsfläche von jeder seiner Litzen auf einer Positionsbahn von innen nach außen und umgekehrt durchlaufen ist.Electrical conductors, in particular high-power power cables or high-frequency cables with a large conductor cross-section, and with a selected number of strands composed of individual wires, insulated from each other and arranged in layers around the conductor center,
characterized,
in that the conductor has been run in equal length sections over its entire cross-sectional area from each of its strands on a position track from the inside to the outside and vice versa.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10000958A EP2360700A1 (en) | 2010-01-30 | 2010-01-30 | Electrical conduit, in particular a high voltage energy cable or high frequency cable with a large conduit cross-section |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10000958A EP2360700A1 (en) | 2010-01-30 | 2010-01-30 | Electrical conduit, in particular a high voltage energy cable or high frequency cable with a large conduit cross-section |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2360700A1 true EP2360700A1 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
Family
ID=42153887
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10000958A Withdrawn EP2360700A1 (en) | 2010-01-30 | 2010-01-30 | Electrical conduit, in particular a high voltage energy cable or high frequency cable with a large conduit cross-section |
Country Status (1)
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EP (1) | EP2360700A1 (en) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB415294A (en) * | 1933-04-18 | 1934-08-23 | Humphreys Milliken | Improvements in electric cables |
US2412196A (en) * | 1942-10-24 | 1946-12-10 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Method of and apparatus for producing stranded cables |
JPH08148038A (en) * | 1994-11-17 | 1996-06-07 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Cable conductor |
JP2008262712A (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-10-30 | Yazaki Corp | High-frequency wire, wiring harness having the same wire, manufacturing method for high frequency wire, and manufacturing device for manufacturing high frequency wire |
-
2010
- 2010-01-30 EP EP10000958A patent/EP2360700A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB415294A (en) * | 1933-04-18 | 1934-08-23 | Humphreys Milliken | Improvements in electric cables |
US2412196A (en) * | 1942-10-24 | 1946-12-10 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Method of and apparatus for producing stranded cables |
JPH08148038A (en) * | 1994-11-17 | 1996-06-07 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Cable conductor |
JP2008262712A (en) * | 2007-03-20 | 2008-10-30 | Yazaki Corp | High-frequency wire, wiring harness having the same wire, manufacturing method for high frequency wire, and manufacturing device for manufacturing high frequency wire |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Week 199633, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1996-326380, XP002582578 * |
NEW ENGLAND WIRE TECHNOLOGIES: "Litz Wire Types & Construction", 2005, XP002582579, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://www.newenglandwire.com/catalog/page129-litz-winding_wires-litz_wire_types-type_1-type_2-type_3-type_4-type_5-type_6-type_7-type_8.htm> [retrieved on 20100517] * |
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