EP2359307A1 - Method for checking the reading of a mobile transponder - Google Patents

Method for checking the reading of a mobile transponder

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Publication number
EP2359307A1
EP2359307A1 EP08875633A EP08875633A EP2359307A1 EP 2359307 A1 EP2359307 A1 EP 2359307A1 EP 08875633 A EP08875633 A EP 08875633A EP 08875633 A EP08875633 A EP 08875633A EP 2359307 A1 EP2359307 A1 EP 2359307A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transponder
mobile
control
reading
mobile transponder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08875633A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Philippe Forin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens SAS
Original Assignee
Siemens SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens SAS filed Critical Siemens SAS
Publication of EP2359307A1 publication Critical patent/EP2359307A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0008—General problems related to the reading of electronic memory record carriers, independent of its reading method, e.g. power transfer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/02—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control
    • B61L3/08—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically
    • B61L3/12—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves
    • B61L3/125—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control simultaneous mechanical and electrical control controlling electrically using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves using short-range radio transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/0095—Testing the sensing arrangement, e.g. testing if a magnetic card reader, bar code reader, RFID interrogator or smart card reader functions properly
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10366—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications
    • G06K7/10465—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves the interrogation device being adapted for miscellaneous applications the interrogation device being capable of self-diagnosis, e.g. in addition to or as part of the actual interrogation process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/20—Trackside control of safe travel of vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. braking curve calculation
    • B61L2027/204—Trackside control of safe travel of vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. braking curve calculation using Communication-based Train Control [CBTC]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for controlling the reading of at least one mobile transponder according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • an electromagnetic disturbance for example an external electromagnetic field or a metal part close to the antenna
  • an electromagnetic disturbance can prevent correct communication between the redundant interrogators and the transponders present at the antenna. their neighborhood.
  • data from transponders can not be read reliably, even if several interrogators are associated in redundancy.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method of reading control of at least one mobile transponder radio frequency relatively moving relative to an antenna of a reader of said transponder, said control for detecting defects in reading , especially in the presence of internal or external disturbances opposing the communication between the transponder and the reader.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple installation for efficient implementation of said read control method.
  • a set of subclaims also has advantages of the invention.
  • At least one guaranteed reading zone is defined around the antenna
  • At least one control transponder is fixed at the periphery of the guaranteed reading zone in order to periodically be read-controlled by the reader additionally to a reading of the mobile transponder.
  • the guaranteed reading zone is defined such that in the immediate vicinity of the fixed antenna, said zone inside which the connection between the mobile transponder and the reader (via the antenna) is established. in a nominal way.
  • the transponder relatively mobile antenna is present in this area, the correct reading of its data is guaranteed while reading the data of the transponder control is impossible, because inhibited by activation of that of the mobile transponder, it being transiently closer to the antenna than the control transponder.
  • FIG. 1 Definition of zones including the guaranteed reading zone and principle of the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 Redundancy of mobile transponders suitable for the method according to the invention in the case of a rail vehicle
  • FIG. 4 Second example installation for the implementation of the ground transponder reading control method by means of an onboard reader according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the definition of areas including the guaranteed reading area and the principle of the method according to the invention.
  • the said read control method aims at reading at least one mobile radio frequency transponder moving relatively relative to an antenna (ANT) of a reader (not shown) of said transponder.
  • the transponder is moving
  • At least one guaranteed reading area is defined in a limited perimeter around the antenna
  • At least one control transponder is fixed at the periphery of the guaranteed reading area (ZLG) in order to periodically be read-controlled via the antenna by the reader in addition to a reading of the mobile transponder.
  • Said method is thus based on the positioning of the radiofrequency-type control transponder placed near the antenna of each reader, the latter periodically interrogating the control transponder.
  • the radio frequency data read from the transponder by the readers or interrogators are transmitted to at least one security computer connected to the interrogators.
  • the control transponder or transponders contain at least one identifier that differentiates them from the mobile transponders to be read, that is to say the transponders carrying data whose reading is intended to be secure, these being mobile with respect to interrogators.
  • control transponders have physical properties almost similar to those of mobile transponders so that, if an electromagnetic disturbance prevents the correct reading of the data of a mobile transponder passing in front of an interrogator, the same disturbance also prevents the correct reading of the data. transponder control data.
  • the relative position of the control transponder with respect to the interrogator antenna is chosen so that:
  • the electromagnetic coupling between the antenna / and the mobile transponder must be much better (-10 to 20 dB ) that the coupling between the antenna and the control transponder: the data of the mobile transponder are then correctly read while the reading of those of the control transponder becomes impossible.
  • a second uncertainty zone (ZIl, ZI2) where no data reading of a mobile transponder with respect to the antenna is not guaranteed. This is usually due to electromagnetic interference between radio frequency emissions of mobile and control transponders (with similar physical properties);
  • a third guaranteed control zone (ZCG1, ZCG2) for which no matter how many mobile transponders are present in this zone and if none of them are in one of the other two zones (ZLG, ZIl, ZI2), a single correct reading of the data of the control transponder is then guaranteed by the interrogator.
  • each interrogator via its antenna periodically sends a query request to which must respond by transmitting their data to all transponders that receive it correctly.
  • the interrogators thus transmit to a security computer, which periodically checks its validity, the data received from the transponders.
  • control period (related to the reading of at least the control transponder) to be less than a minimum duration of passage or "overflight" of a mobile transponder in the guaranteed reading area.
  • the reader is subjected to a periodic check under a control period less than a minimum transit time of the relatively mobile transponder in the warranty area. If this condition is fulfilled, as long as the computer receives correct data newly acquired from each interrogator at a period less than the minimum transit time, it can be advantageously guaranteed in safety that no operational mobile transponder has passed. without being “seen” by the interrogator in the guaranteed reading area.
  • a period of interrogations (linked to the reader or interrogator itself) being ideally lower than the control period previously mentioned.
  • the reader sends interrogation requests to the control transponder under a polling period less than the control period. If a transmission error tolerance must be respected, resulting in a finite number of successive queries without a usable response, the query period must be less than the control period divided by that finite number.
  • each mobile transponder can be at least duplicated so that the object (such as a train) that carries them can not cross the zone. Guaranteed reading (ZLG) without being “seen” from the reader and therefore from the calculator. Two mobile transponders thus duplicated are also separated by a distance sufficient to not interfere with each other during a reading.
  • FIG. 2 where the redundancy of mobile transponders is illustrated for the implementation of the method according to the invention in the case of a railway vehicle (1) such as a train (TR) or its vehicles. traveling in one train direction (SMT) on one track (VO).
  • a mobile transponder (2) here embedded in the train (TR) is redundant with at least one other mobile transponder (3) in its vicinity being of course also embedded in the train (TR).
  • transponders and interrogators it is possible to use transponders and interrogators according to a so-called multichannel method, whether they are frequency (different frequencies for mobile transponders and control transponders) or time (in different response time intervals for mobile transponders and control transponders). More specifically, at least one mobile transponder (2) and the control transponder on the channel (VO) are provided with a transmission in multiplexed form with separate transmission channels of the reader. Each of the transmissions between the mobile transponders and the reader is therefore qualitatively immovable.
  • the redundancy of mobile transponders is also facilitated: by assigning different channels to redundant mobile transponders, they will not interfere either mutually and there is more to respect a minimum separation distance between them.
  • the level of security may be a little worse than in the previous basic method because of the differences introduced between the two types of transponders: in some situations, the reading of the control transponders can be carried out correctly whereas that of mobile transponders can be disturbed. In the case of a multichannel frequency method for example, it can not be excluded that a fault of the interrogator affects some channels and not others, which could make possible the correct reading of the data of the control transponders, but not those of mobile transponders.
  • this problem can be solved by associating an additional transponder with each mobile transponder (or each group of redundant mobile transponders).
  • assigning the same channel to the additional mobile transponders as control transponders we thus advantageously find the level of security of the basic method while retaining the advantages of the multichannel process. We can therefore define this process of "mixed".
  • the method according to the invention can provide for a multichannel method, that the mobile transponder (2) is redundant by means of at least one second mobile transponder (3) and being neighboring thereto and having a second channel. separate transmission of the mobile transponder channel (2) and the control transponder channel (TC - according to Figure 1).
  • the multichannel method does not necessarily imply a redundancy of the mobile transponder: in principle, a mobile transponder having a different channel of the control transponder is sufficient, even if the interest is limited (its failures are not detected without redundancy) .
  • the method according to the invention provides that at least one additional mobile transponder (5) is added in the vicinity of at least one mobile transponder (2, 3), said additional mobile transponder having a channel separate from the channel of said mobile transponder and identical to the channel of the control transponder.
  • this latter therefore represents a vehicle (1) such as a train unit equipped with two groups of three transponders of the RFID and multichannel frequency type, a group at the front (AV) of the train, the other group at the rear (AR).
  • the "before” group comprises two redundant mobile transponders (2, 3) respectively responding on two channels (on a first and a second frequency f1 and f2, not schematized) and an additional mobile transponder (5) responding on another channel supposed to a fourth frequency (f4, also non-schematized).
  • the "back” group takes two redundant mobile transponders (22, 23) respectively responding on two channels respectively aligned on the second and third frequencies (f2, f3, non-schematized) and an additional mobile transponder (25) responding on the channel at the fourth frequency (f4 ).
  • FIG. 3 represents a first example of an installation for implementing the method for controlling the reading of onboard transponders according to the invention, for which a vehicle (not shown) equipped with transponders as in FIG. 2 moves on a track portion (VO) such as a set of rails (RA), said track being equipped along its length with two interrogators (6, 16) each connected respectively to one of two antennas successively arranged on the ground (7, 17) for example between the rails (RA).
  • Each of the antennas or by extension of the interrogators is respectively associated with one of two control transponders (4, 14) responding on the channel at the fourth frequency (f4) according to the example of Figure 2.
  • the interrogators are connected to a calculator security (8, CALSEC) by means of an Ethernet type communication network (Eth).
  • the group of transponders (2, 3, 5) of the front (AV) of the train is still far from the antenna (7), only the control transponder (4) can be read by it.
  • the mobile transponder (3) arrives in the field of the antenna: a reading of the mobile transponders and control (3, 4) is possible.
  • the additional mobile transponder (5) is in the uncertainty zone and mutually interferes with the control transponder (4) on their respective channel. at the fourth frequency (f4): thus, only the mobile transponder (3) can be read.
  • the additional mobile transponder (5) arrives in its guaranteed reading area: thus, only the mobile transponder (3) and the additional mobile transponder (5) can be read.
  • the mobile transponder (3) leaves the field of the antenna (7): only the additional mobile transponder (5) can be read.
  • the additional transponder (5) is out of its guaranteed reading area, and interferes with the control transponder (4) on their common channel at the fourth frequency (f4): thus, only the mobile transponder (2 ) can be read.
  • the additional transponder (5) is out of the field of the antenna (7), and its jamming with the control transponder (4) stops: thus, only, this mobile transponder (2) and the control transponder (4) can be read.
  • the mobile transponder (2) leaves the field of the antenna: only the control transponder (4) can be read.
  • a sequence of read steps can be obtained in the form of: ⁇ 4, 4 + 3, 4 + 3 + 2, 3 + 2, 3 + 2 +5, 3 + 2, 4 + 3 + 2, 4 + 2, 4 ⁇ , since these two mobile transponders (2, 3) transmit on distinct (mutually non-mutually interfering) channels and allow two-channel playback with one adapted reader.
  • This redundancy thus makes it possible to raise the level of security of the reading control method. It is thus possible to obtain other advantageous sequences by slightly modifying the arrangement of the mobile transponders.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 represent a symmetrical arrangement with respect to the preceding examples according to FIGS. 2 and 3, in that a second example of installation is illustrated for implementing the ground transponder reading control method at means of an onboard reader according to the invention.
  • the interrogator (36, INT), its antenna (37), its associated control transponder (34) and the computer (38, CALSEC) are now embedded in the vehicle (10), for example arranged under the floor of the vehicle, while the so-called “mobile” transponders (22, 23) and the additional mobile transponder (25) are placed on the ground for example between the rails (RA) of the track (VO).
  • this second example is analogically identical for an implementation of the reading control method according to the invention described above and has the advantage that mobile transponders are actually mobile relative to the readers and its transponder. control.
  • the method therefore has a very advantageous method for controlling readings of the ground-vehicle and ground-vehicle type with a high level of safety.
  • the invention therefore advantageously provides an installation for implementing the method for controlling the reading of a mobile transponder in relative movement with respect to a transponder reader comprising a calculator connected to the reader and equipped with:
  • an output signal delivering information of presence or of passage in a guaranteed reading zone of the mobile transponder transiting in said zone, for example while it is embedded in a vehicle and passes in front of a fixed reader on the ground.
  • the reader and its control transponder are moving relative to the ground, for example as being loaded into a vehicle.
  • the computer delivers a signal carrying two information of the pair formed by the mobile transponder and the control transponder according to a binary diagram of no vehicle or identification of a vehicle present.
  • a plurality of readers may be disposed at ends of track yards and deliver signals ideally used to control a vehicle occupancy on said block and / or control a control of traffic lights or road actuators. They also provide secure redundancy when waiting for a defective drive replacement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for checking the reading of at least one mobile radiofrequency transponder (2, 3, 5) moving relative to an antenna (7, 17) of a reader (6, 16) of said transponder, for which: at least one guaranteed reading zone is defined around the antenna; at least one checking transponder (4, 14) is attached in the periphery of the guaranteed reading area in order to have the reading thereof periodically checked by the reader in addition to reading the mobile transponder. Examples of equipment for implementing said method are also provided.

Description

Description Description
Méthode de contrôle de lecture de transpondeur mobileMobile transponder reading control method
La présente invention concerne une méthode de contrôle de lecture d' au moins un transpondeur mobile selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a method for controlling the reading of at least one mobile transponder according to the preamble of claim 1.
Au moyen de dispositifs transpondeurs et interrogateurs ra- diofréquences mobiles les uns par rapport aux autres, il est difficile de garantir, en présence de perturbations électromagnétiques ou de pannes, que les transpondeurs sont toujours correctement « vus » et identifiés par lecture de l'interrogateur avec un niveau de sécurité requis pour les fonctions de sécurité les plus critiques, comme cela peut être le cas pour les transports en commun où un transpondeur embarqué sur un véhicule doit être lu à son passage devant un lecteur en tant qu'interrogateur.By means of mobile transponder and interrogator devices with respect to each other, it is difficult to guarantee, in the presence of electromagnetic disturbances or faults, that the transponders are always correctly "seen" and identified by reading the interrogator with a level of security required for the most critical security functions, as can be the case for public transport where a transponder on a vehicle must be read as it passes in front of a reader as an interrogator.
Une méthode actuelle visant à pallier à ce problème consiste à associer plusieurs transpondeurs embarqués en redondance et, le cas échéant, plusieurs interrogateurs en redondance au sol pour se prémunir contre leurs pannes par exemple. Si l'association en redondance de deux (ou plus de deux) transpondeurs ne pose pas de problème, en particulier pour les tags de type connu RFID dont le coût est faible, en revanche la redondance des interrogateurs ou lecteurs radiofré- quence pour assurer la sécurité présente deux inconvénients importants :One current method to overcome this problem is to combine several embedded transponders with redundancy and, where appropriate, several redundant interrogators on the ground to guard against their failures for example. If the redundant association of two (or more) transponders is not a problem, in particular for low cost tags of the known RFID type, the redundancy of the interrogators or radiofrequency readers to ensure safety has two important disadvantages:
- un problème économique en raison de leur coût,- an economic problem because of their cost,
- et surtout la redondance des interrogateurs ne protège pas toujours contre des perturbations électromagnétiques. En effet, une perturbation électromagnétique (par exemple un champ électromagnétique externe ou une pièce métallique proche de l'antenne) peut empêcher une communication correcte entre les interrogateurs redondants et les transpondeurs présents à leur voisinage. Dans ce cas, des données issues de transpondeurs ne pourront être lues de façon certaine, même si plusieurs interrogateurs sont associés en redondance.- and especially the redundancy of interrogators does not always protect against electromagnetic disturbances. In fact, an electromagnetic disturbance (for example an external electromagnetic field or a metal part close to the antenna) can prevent correct communication between the redundant interrogators and the transponders present at the antenna. their neighborhood. In this case, data from transponders can not be read reliably, even if several interrogators are associated in redundancy.
Un but de la présente invention est de proposer une méthode de contrôle de lecture d'au moins un transpondeur mobile ra- diofréquence se déplaçant relativement par rapport à une antenne d'un lecteur dudit transpondeur, ledit contrôle permettant de détecter des défauts de la lecture, particulièrement en présence de perturbations internes ou externes s' opposant à la communication entre le transpondeur et le lecteur. Un aspect particulier que vise ce but est de pouvoir garantir un niveau de sécurité requis pour des applications critiques de sécurité de véhicules tels que les transports publics (bus, trolley, tramway, métro, train, etc.) et, dans un cadre plus pointu, tels que les véhicules guidés par des automatismes, par exemple de type CBTC (= Communication Based Train Control) .An object of the present invention is to provide a method of reading control of at least one mobile transponder radio frequency relatively moving relative to an antenna of a reader of said transponder, said control for detecting defects in reading , especially in the presence of internal or external disturbances opposing the communication between the transponder and the reader. One particular aspect that this goal aims at is to be able to guarantee a level of security required for critical applications of vehicle safety such as public transport (bus, trolley, tramway, metro, train, etc.) and, in a more pointed framework such as vehicles guided by automation, for example CBTC type (= Communication Based Train Control).
Un autre but de la présente invention est de fournir une installation simple pour une mise en œuvre efficace de ladite méthode de contrôle de lecture.Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple installation for efficient implementation of said read control method.
Une telle méthode de contrôle de lecture selon l' invention est ainsi retranscrite au moyen des caractéristiques de la revendication 1. Au travers de la revendication 8, une installation pour la mise en œuvre de ladite méthode est également fournie.Such a read control method according to the invention is thus retranscribed by means of the features of claim 1. Through claim 8, an installation for the implementation of said method is also provided.
Un ensemble de sous-revendications présente également des avantages de l'invention.A set of subclaims also has advantages of the invention.
Principalement, à partir d'une méthode de contrôle de lecture d'au moins un transpondeur mobile radiofréquence se déplaçant relativement par rapport à une antenne d'un lecteur dudit transpondeur, ladite méthode prévoit que :Mainly, from a method of reading control of at least one mobile radio frequency transponder moving relatively relative to an antenna of a reader of said transponder, said method provides that:
- au moins une zone de lecture garantie est définie autour de l' antenne,at least one guaranteed reading zone is defined around the antenna,
- au moins un transpondeur de contrôle est fixé en périphérie de la zone de lecture garantie afin de périodiquement être contrôlé en lecture par le lecteur additionnellement à une lecture du transpondeur mobile.at least one control transponder is fixed at the periphery of the guaranteed reading zone in order to periodically be read-controlled by the reader additionally to a reading of the mobile transponder.
Plus précisément, la zone de lecture garantie est définie de telle façon qu'à proximité immédiate de l'antenne fixe, ladite zone à l' intérieur de laquelle la liaison entre le transpondeur mobile et le lecteur (via l'antenne) s'établisse de façon nominale. Quand le transpondeur relativement mobile à l'antenne est présent dans cette zone, la lecture correcte de ses données est ainsi garantie alors que la lecture des données du transpondeur de contrôle est impossible, car inhibée par activation de celle du transpondeur mobile, celui-ci étant transitoirement plus proche de l'antenne que le transpondeur de contrôle.More specifically, the guaranteed reading zone is defined such that in the immediate vicinity of the fixed antenna, said zone inside which the connection between the mobile transponder and the reader (via the antenna) is established. in a nominal way. When the transponder relatively mobile antenna is present in this area, the correct reading of its data is guaranteed while reading the data of the transponder control is impossible, because inhibited by activation of that of the mobile transponder, it being transiently closer to the antenna than the control transponder.
Ainsi, si ce processus de lecture n'est pas vérifié par le lecteur, une panne ou un défaut provenant d'un transpondeur mobile ou du transpondeur mobile, voire du lecteur lui-même peut être avantageusement détectée.Thus, if this reading process is not verified by the reader, a fault or a fault from a mobile transponder or the mobile transponder, or even the reader itself can be advantageously detected.
Par la suite, plusieurs variantes d'application de la méthode de contrôle de lecture selon l'invention seront présentées ainsi que des exemples d' installations permettant une mise en œuvre desdites variantes.Subsequently, several variants of application of the read control method according to the invention will be presented as well as examples of installations for implementing said variants.
Des exemples de réalisation et d'application sont fournis à l'aide de figures décrites :Examples of implementation and application are provided using the figures described:
Figure 1 Définition de zones incluant la zone de lecture garantie et principe de la méthode selon l' invention, Figure 2 Mise en redondance de transpondeurs mobiles appropriée à la méthode selon l'invention dans le cas d'un véhicule ferroviaire,Figure 1 Definition of zones including the guaranteed reading zone and principle of the method according to the invention, FIG. 2 Redundancy of mobile transponders suitable for the method according to the invention in the case of a rail vehicle,
Figure 3 Premier exemple d' installation pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode de contrôle de lecture de transpondeurs embarqués selon l'invention,Figure 3 First example of installation for the implementation of the method of control of reading of transponders embedded according to the invention,
Figures 4, 5 Second exemple d'installation pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode de contrôle de lecture de transpondeurs au sol au moyen d'un lecteur embarqué selon l'invention.Figures 4, 5 Second example installation for the implementation of the ground transponder reading control method by means of an onboard reader according to the invention.
Figure 1 permet d' illustrer la définition de zones incluant la zone de lecture garantie et le principe de la méthode selon l ' invention .Figure 1 illustrates the definition of areas including the guaranteed reading area and the principle of the method according to the invention.
La dite méthode de contrôle de lecture vise la lecture d' au moins un transpondeur mobile radiofréquence se déplaçant relativement par rapport à une antenne (ANT) d'un lecteur (non représenté) dudit transpondeur. Dans le cas présent, le transpondeur se déplaceThe said read control method aims at reading at least one mobile radio frequency transponder moving relatively relative to an antenna (ANT) of a reader (not shown) of said transponder. In this case, the transponder is moving
- au moins une zone de lecture garantie (ZLG) est définie dans un périmètre limité autour de l'antenne,at least one guaranteed reading area (ZLG) is defined in a limited perimeter around the antenna,
- au moins un transpondeur de contrôle (TC) est fixé en périphérie de la zone de lecture garantie (ZLG) afin de périodiquement être contrôlé en lecture via l'antenne par le lecteur additionnellement à une lecture du transpondeur mobile.at least one control transponder (TC) is fixed at the periphery of the guaranteed reading area (ZLG) in order to periodically be read-controlled via the antenna by the reader in addition to a reading of the mobile transponder.
Ladite méthode repose ainsi sur le positionnement du transpondeur de contrôle de type radiofréquence placé à proximité de l'antenne de chaque lecteur, ce dernier interrogeant périodiquement le transpondeur de contrôle. Les données radio- fréquences lues depuis le transpondeur par les lecteurs ou interrogateurs sont transmises à au moins un calculateur de sécurité connecté aux interrogateurs.Said method is thus based on the positioning of the radiofrequency-type control transponder placed near the antenna of each reader, the latter periodically interrogating the control transponder. The radio frequency data read from the transponder by the readers or interrogators are transmitted to at least one security computer connected to the interrogators.
Le ou les transpondeurs de contrôle contiennent au moins un identifiant qui les différentie des transpondeurs mobiles à lire, c'est-à-dire les transpondeurs porteurs de données dont la lecture a pour but d'être sécurisée, ceux-ci étant mobiles par rapport aux interrogateurs.The control transponder or transponders contain at least one identifier that differentiates them from the mobile transponders to be read, that is to say the transponders carrying data whose reading is intended to be secure, these being mobile with respect to interrogators.
Les transpondeurs de contrôle possèdent des propriétés physiques quasiment semblables à celles des transpondeurs mobiles de façon à ce que, si une perturbation électromagnétique empêche la lecture correcte des données d'un transpondeur mobile passant devant un interrogateur, la même perturbation empêche aussi la lecture correcte des données du transpondeur de contrôle.The control transponders have physical properties almost similar to those of mobile transponders so that, if an electromagnetic disturbance prevents the correct reading of the data of a mobile transponder passing in front of an interrogator, the same disturbance also prevents the correct reading of the data. transponder control data.
La position relative du transpondeur de contrôle par rapport à l'antenne du interrogateur est choisie de manière à ce que :The relative position of the control transponder with respect to the interrogator antenna is chosen so that:
- ses données soient lues correctement en situation normale, c'est-à-dire sans perturbation électromagnétique et en l'absence d'autre (s) transpondeur (s) au voisinage de l'antenne ;- its data are read correctly in normal situation, that is to say without electromagnetic disturbance and in the absence of other transponder (s) in the vicinity of the antenna;
- quand un transpondeur mobile se trouve au voisinage d'une antenne dans la zone de lecture garantie (ZLG) prévue pour une lecture correcte, le couplage électromagnétique entre l'antenne/ et le transpondeur mobile doit être nettement meilleur (-10 à 20 dB) que le couplage entre l'antenne et le transpondeur de contrôle : les données du transpondeur mobile sont alors correctement lues tandis que la lecture de celles du transpondeur de contrôle devient impossible.- when a mobile transponder is in the vicinity of an antenna in the guaranteed reading area (ZLG) intended for correct reading, the electromagnetic coupling between the antenna / and the mobile transponder must be much better (-10 to 20 dB ) that the coupling between the antenna and the control transponder: the data of the mobile transponder are then correctly read while the reading of those of the control transponder becomes impossible.
Ces dispositions garantissent que si l'interrogateur a lu ou lit correctement les données du transpondeur de contrôle, il lit correctement celles des transpondeurs mobiles (libres de panne) lors de leur passage devant l'antenne.These provisions ensure that if the interrogator has read or read the data of the control transponder correctly, he correctly reads those of the mobile transponders (free from failure) when they pass in front of the antenna.
Plus précisément, en l'absence de panne ou de perturbation électromagnétique, on peut définir trois zones au voisinage de l'antenne : - à proximité immédiate de l'antenne, la première zone de lecture garantie (ZLG) précédemment mentionnée, à l'intérieur de laquelle la liaison transpondeur mobile/interrogateur s'établit de façon nominale. Quand un transpondeur mobile est présent dans cette zone, la lecture correcte de ses données est garantie de façon prioritaire sur la lecture des données du transpondeur de contrôle qui devient donc impossible ;More precisely, in the absence of breakdown or electromagnetic disturbance, it is possible to define three zones in the vicinity of the antenna: - In the immediate vicinity of the antenna, the first guaranteed reading area (ZLG) mentioned above, within which the mobile transponder / interrogator link is established in a nominal manner. When a mobile transponder is present in this zone, the correct reading of its data is guaranteed in a priority manner on the reading of the data of the control transponder which thus becomes impossible;
- Autour de la zone de lecture garantie, une deuxième zone d'incertitude (ZIl, ZI2) où aucune lecture de données d'un transpondeur mobile par rapport à l'antenne n'est pas garantie. Ceci est en général du à un brouillage électromagnétique entre les émissions radiofréquences des transpondeurs mobiles et de contrôle (ayant des propriétés physiques semblables) ;- Around the guaranteed reading area, a second uncertainty zone (ZIl, ZI2) where no data reading of a mobile transponder with respect to the antenna is not guaranteed. This is usually due to electromagnetic interference between radio frequency emissions of mobile and control transponders (with similar physical properties);
- en dehors des zones précédentes de lecture garantie et d'incertitude, une troisième zone de contrôle garanti (ZCGl, ZCG2) pour laquelle quel que soit le nombre de transpondeurs mobiles présents dans cette zone et si aucun d'entre eux ne se trouve dans l'une des deux autres zones (ZLG, ZIl, ZI2) , une unique lecture correcte des données du transpondeur de contrôle est alors garantie par l'interrogateur.- apart from the previous zones of guaranteed reading and uncertainty, a third guaranteed control zone (ZCG1, ZCG2) for which no matter how many mobile transponders are present in this zone and if none of them are in one of the other two zones (ZLG, ZIl, ZI2), a single correct reading of the data of the control transponder is then guaranteed by the interrogator.
Principalement, chaque interrogateur (via son antenne) émet périodiquement une requête d'interrogation à laquelle doivent répondre en transmettant leurs données tous les transpondeurs qui la reçoivent correctement. Les interrogateurs retransmettent ainsi à un calculateur de sécurité, qui en contrôle périodiquement la validité, les données reçues des transpondeurs .Mainly, each interrogator (via its antenna) periodically sends a query request to which must respond by transmitting their data to all transponders that receive it correctly. The interrogators thus transmit to a security computer, which periodically checks its validity, the data received from the transponders.
Il est ainsi défini une période des contrôles (liée à la lecture d'au moins le transpondeur de contrôle) devant être inférieure à une durée minimale de passage ou « survol » d'un transpondeur mobile dans la zone de lecture garantie. En d'autres termes, le lecteur est soumis à un contrôle périodique sous une période de contrôle inférieure à un temps minimal de passage du transpondeur relativement mobile dans la zone de garantie. Si cette condition est remplie, tant que le calculateur reçoit des données correctes nouvellement acquises de la part de chaque interrogateur à une période inférieure à la durée minimale de passage, il peut être avantageusement garanti en sécurité qu'aucun transpondeur mobile opérationnel n'est passé sans être « vu » de l' interrogateur dans la zone de lecture garantie.It is thus defined a control period (related to the reading of at least the control transponder) to be less than a minimum duration of passage or "overflight" of a mobile transponder in the guaranteed reading area. In other words, the reader is subjected to a periodic check under a control period less than a minimum transit time of the relatively mobile transponder in the warranty area. If this condition is fulfilled, as long as the computer receives correct data newly acquired from each interrogator at a period less than the minimum transit time, it can be advantageously guaranteed in safety that no operational mobile transponder has passed. without being "seen" by the interrogator in the guaranteed reading area.
Dans le cas contraire, si le délai depuis un dernier contrôle valide d'un interrogateur dépasse ladite durée minimale de passage ou survol, le calculateur considère qu'un nombre indéterminé de transpondeurs mobiles potentiellement non identifiés sont passés devant cet interrogateur.In the opposite case, if the delay since a last valid check of an interrogator exceeds said minimum duration of passage or overflight, the computer considers that an indeterminate number of potentially unidentified mobile transponders are passed in front of this interrogator.
Il est aussi défini une période des interrogations (lié au lecteur ou interrogateur même) étant idéalement inférieure à la période des contrôles précédemment mentionnée. En d'autres termes, le lecteur émet des requêtes d'interrogations au transpondeur de contrôle sous une période d' interrogation inférieure à la période de contrôle. Si une tolérance d'erreurs de transmission doit être respectée, entraînant un nombre fini d'interrogations successives sans réponse exploitable, la période des interrogations doit être inférieure à la période des contrôles divisée par ce nombre fini.It is also defined a period of interrogations (linked to the reader or interrogator itself) being ideally lower than the control period previously mentioned. In other words, the reader sends interrogation requests to the control transponder under a polling period less than the control period. If a transmission error tolerance must be respected, resulting in a finite number of successive queries without a usable response, the query period must be less than the control period divided by that finite number.
En cas de panne d'un interrogateur, si un interrogateur cesse d' interroger ou de transmettre périodiquement des réponses de transpondeurs mobile ou de contrôle au calculateur, il est clair que la sécurité est garantie par le mécanisme décrit précédemment. Il en va de même pour les pannes entraînant une coupure de la connexion entre un interrogateur et le calculateur.In the event of an interrogator failure, if an interrogator stops interrogating or periodically transmitting mobile or control transponder responses to the computer, it is clear that security is guaranteed by the mechanism described above. The same goes for failures resulting in a break in the connection between an interrogator and the computer.
De même, une panne d'un transpondeur de contrôle est sécurisée, car la sécurité est également garantie par le mécanisme décrit précédemment, ne fournissant plus au calculateur les données périodiques attendues.Similarly, a failure of a control transponder is secure, since security is also guaranteed by the mechanism. previously described, no longer supplying the calculator with the expected periodic data.
En ce qui concerne une panne du ou des transpondeurs mobiles, la sécurité est de préférence assurée par leur mise en redondance : chaque transpondeur mobile peut être au moins dupliqué afin que l'objet (comme un train) qui les porte ne puisse traverser la zone de lecture garanti (ZLG) sans être « vu » du lecteur et donc du calculateur. Deux transpondeurs mobiles ainsi dupliqués sont aussi séparés d'une distance suffisante pour ne pas se brouiller mutuellement lors d'une lecture. Cet aspecte est présenté à la figure 2 où la mise en redondance de transpondeurs mobiles est illustrée pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode selon l'invention dans le cas d'un véhicule (1) ferroviaire comme un train (TR) ou ses véhicules se déplaçant suivant un sens de marche de train (SMT) sur une voie (VO) .With regard to a failure of the mobile transponder (s), security is preferably ensured by their redundancy: each mobile transponder can be at least duplicated so that the object (such as a train) that carries them can not cross the zone. Guaranteed reading (ZLG) without being "seen" from the reader and therefore from the calculator. Two mobile transponders thus duplicated are also separated by a distance sufficient to not interfere with each other during a reading. This aspect is presented in FIG. 2, where the redundancy of mobile transponders is illustrated for the implementation of the method according to the invention in the case of a railway vehicle (1) such as a train (TR) or its vehicles. traveling in one train direction (SMT) on one track (VO).
Ainsi, dans cet exemple, un transpondeur mobile (2) ici embarqué dans le train (TR) est mis en redondance avec au moins un autre transpondeur mobile (3) dans son voisinage en étant bien entendu également embarqué dans le train (TR) .Thus, in this example, a mobile transponder (2) here embedded in the train (TR) is redundant with at least one other mobile transponder (3) in its vicinity being of course also embedded in the train (TR).
La méthode de base décrite précédemment fonctionne correctement si une durée de passage des transpondeurs mobiles dans la zone d'incertitude (voir figure 1) est toujours inférieure à la période des contrôles. Ce n'est pas le cas si une vitesse relative entre transpondeurs et interrogateurs peut varier dans une large plage. Dans un cas limite pour lequel un transpondeur mobile s'immobilise dans la zone d'incertitude d'un interrogateur, il se peut que plus aucune donnée valide des transpondeurs ne soit transmise par l'interrogateur au calculateur puisque le transpondeur mobile et le transpondeur de contrôle se « brouillent » mutuellement.The basic method described above works correctly if a transit time of the mobile transponders in the uncertainty zone (see Figure 1) is always lower than the control period. This is not the case if a relative speed between transponders and interrogators can vary over a wide range. In a limiting case for which a mobile transponder comes to rest in the uncertainty zone of an interrogator, it is possible that no more valid data of the transponders is transmitted by the interrogator to the computer since the mobile transponder and the transponder of the transponder. control "blur" mutually.
Dans ce cas, il est possible d'utiliser des transpondeurs et interrogateurs selon un procédé dit à multicanaux, qu'ils soient fréquentiels (des fréquences différentes pour les transpondeurs mobiles et les transpondeurs de contrôle) ou temporels (dans des intervalles temporels de réponse différents pour les transpondeurs mobiles et les transpondeurs de contrôle) . Plus précisément, au moins un transpondeur mobile (2) et le transpondeur de contrôle sur la voie (VO) sont dotés d'une transmission sous forme multiplexée avec des canaux distincts de transmission du lecteur. Chacune des transmissions entre les transpondeurs mobiles et le lecteur est donc qualitativement imbrouillable.In this case, it is possible to use transponders and interrogators according to a so-called multichannel method, whether they are frequency (different frequencies for mobile transponders and control transponders) or time (in different response time intervals for mobile transponders and control transponders). More specifically, at least one mobile transponder (2) and the control transponder on the channel (VO) are provided with a transmission in multiplexed form with separate transmission channels of the reader. Each of the transmissions between the mobile transponders and the reader is therefore qualitatively immovable.
La zone d'incertitude est alors éliminée puisqu'il n'y a plus brouillage mutuel entre transpondeurs mobiles et transpondeurs de contrôle.The uncertainty zone is then eliminated as there is no longer any mutual interference between mobile transponders and control transponders.
De plus, la mise en redondance des transpondeurs mobiles est aussi facilitée : en affectant des canaux différents aux transpondeurs mobiles redondants, ils ne se brouilleront pas non plus mutuellement et il n'y a plus à respecter une distance minimale de séparation entre eux.In addition, the redundancy of mobile transponders is also facilitated: by assigning different channels to redundant mobile transponders, they will not interfere either mutually and there is more to respect a minimum separation distance between them.
Cependant, le niveau de sécurité peut s'avérer un peu moins bon que dans la méthode de base précédente en raison des différences introduites entre les deux types de transpondeurs : dans certaines situations, la lecture des transpondeurs de contrôle peut s'effectuer correctement alors que celle des transpondeurs mobiles peut être perturbée. Dans le cas d'un procédé à multicanaux fréquentiels par exemple, on ne peut exclure qu'une panne de l'interrogateur affecte certains canaux et pas d'autres, ce qui pourrait rendre possible la lecture correcte des données des transpondeurs de contrôle, mais pas de celles de transpondeurs mobiles.However, the level of security may be a little worse than in the previous basic method because of the differences introduced between the two types of transponders: in some situations, the reading of the control transponders can be carried out correctly whereas that of mobile transponders can be disturbed. In the case of a multichannel frequency method for example, it can not be excluded that a fault of the interrogator affects some channels and not others, which could make possible the correct reading of the data of the control transponders, but not those of mobile transponders.
Ainsi, pour de telles applications de sécurité plus critiques, on peut résoudre ce problème en associant un transpondeur supplémentaire à chaque transpondeur mobile (ou à chaque groupe de transpondeurs mobiles redondants) . En affectant le même canal aux transpondeurs mobiles supplémentaires qu'aux transpondeurs de contrôle, on retrouve ainsi avantageusement le niveau de sécurité de la méthode de base tout en conservant les avantages du procédé à multicanaux. On peut donc définir ce procédé de « mixte ».Thus, for such more critical security applications, this problem can be solved by associating an additional transponder with each mobile transponder (or each group of redundant mobile transponders). By assigning the same channel to the additional mobile transponders as control transponders, we thus advantageously find the level of security of the basic method while retaining the advantages of the multichannel process. We can therefore define this process of "mixed".
En résumé, la méthode selon l'invention peut prévoir pour un procédé à multicanaux, que le transpondeur mobile (2) est mis en redondance au moyen d' au moins un deuxième transpondeur (3) mobile et lui étant avoisiné et ayant un canal de transmission distinct du canal du transpondeur mobile (2) et du canal du transpondeur de contrôle (TC - selon figure 1) . Toutefois, le procédé multicanaux n'implique pas nécessairement une redondance du transpondeur mobile : en principe, un transpondeur mobile ayant un canal différent du transpondeur de contrôle suffit, même si l'intérêt en est limité (ses pannes ne sont pas détectées sans redondance) .In summary, the method according to the invention can provide for a multichannel method, that the mobile transponder (2) is redundant by means of at least one second mobile transponder (3) and being neighboring thereto and having a second channel. separate transmission of the mobile transponder channel (2) and the control transponder channel (TC - according to Figure 1). However, the multichannel method does not necessarily imply a redundancy of the mobile transponder: in principle, a mobile transponder having a different channel of the control transponder is sufficient, even if the interest is limited (its failures are not detected without redundancy) .
Enfin, dans le cadre d'un procédé mixte, la méthode selon l'invention prévoit que au moins un transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) est ajouté dans le voisinage d'au moins un transpondeur mobile (2, 3) , ledit transpondeur mobile supplémentaire ayant un canal distinct du canal dudit transpondeur mobile et identique au canal du transpondeur de contrôle.Finally, in the context of a mixed process, the method according to the invention provides that at least one additional mobile transponder (5) is added in the vicinity of at least one mobile transponder (2, 3), said additional mobile transponder having a channel separate from the channel of said mobile transponder and identical to the channel of the control transponder.
Afin d'illustrer ces derniers points selon l'exemple de la figure 2, celle-ci représente donc un véhicule (1) tel qu'une unité de train équipé de deux groupes de trois transpondeurs de type RFID et à multicanaux fréquentiels, un groupe à l'avant (AV) du train, l'autre groupe à l'arrière (AR) . Le groupe « avant » comprend deux transpondeurs mobiles redondants (2, 3) répondant respectivement sur deux canaux (sur une première et une deuxième fréquence fl et f2, non schématisées) et un transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) répondant sur un autre canal supposé à une quatrième fréquence (f4, également non schématisée). Le groupe « arrière » com- prend deux transpondeurs mobiles redondants (22, 23) répondant respectivement sur deux canaux alignés respectivement sur la deuxième et une troisième fréquence (f2, f3, non schématisées) et un transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (25) répondant sur le canal à la quatrième fréquence (f4) .In order to illustrate these last points according to the example of FIG. 2, this latter therefore represents a vehicle (1) such as a train unit equipped with two groups of three transponders of the RFID and multichannel frequency type, a group at the front (AV) of the train, the other group at the rear (AR). The "before" group comprises two redundant mobile transponders (2, 3) respectively responding on two channels (on a first and a second frequency f1 and f2, not schematized) and an additional mobile transponder (5) responding on another channel supposed to a fourth frequency (f4, also non-schematized). The "back" group takes two redundant mobile transponders (22, 23) respectively responding on two channels respectively aligned on the second and third frequencies (f2, f3, non-schematized) and an additional mobile transponder (25) responding on the channel at the fourth frequency (f4 ).
Figure 3 représente un premier exemple d' installation pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode de contrôle de lecture de transpondeurs embarqués selon l'invention, pour laquelle un véhicule (non représenté) muni de transpondeurs tel qu'à la figure 2 se déplace sur une portion de voie (VO) tel qu'un jeu de rails (RA) , ladite voie étant équipée sur sa longueur de deux interrogateurs (6, 16) chacun relié respectivement à une de deux antennes successivement disposées au sol (7, 17) par exemple entre les rails (RA) . Chacune des antennes ou par extension des interrogateurs est associée respectivement à un de deux transpondeurs de contrôle (4, 14) répondants sur le canal à la quatrième fréquence (f4) selon l'exemple de la figure 2. Les interrogateurs sont connectés à un calculateur de sécurité (8, CALSEC) au moyen d'un réseau (Eth) de communication de typé Ethernet.FIG. 3 represents a first example of an installation for implementing the method for controlling the reading of onboard transponders according to the invention, for which a vehicle (not shown) equipped with transponders as in FIG. 2 moves on a track portion (VO) such as a set of rails (RA), said track being equipped along its length with two interrogators (6, 16) each connected respectively to one of two antennas successively arranged on the ground (7, 17) for example between the rails (RA). Each of the antennas or by extension of the interrogators is respectively associated with one of two control transponders (4, 14) responding on the channel at the fourth frequency (f4) according to the example of Figure 2. The interrogators are connected to a calculator security (8, CALSEC) by means of an Ethernet type communication network (Eth).
A titre d'exemple, il est possible de présenter une séquence nominale de lecture sans erreur des transpondeurs par un des interrogateurs (6) quand l'avant du train et son groupe de transpondeurs associés (2, 3, 5) passent au dessus de l'antenne (7) disposée au sol entre les rails:By way of example, it is possible to present a nominal error-free reading sequence of the transponders by one of the interrogators (6) when the front of the train and its group of associated transponders (2, 3, 5) pass over the antenna (7) disposed on the ground between the rails:
1. le groupe de transpondeurs (2, 3, 5) de l'avant (AV) du train est encore loin de l'antenne (7), seul le transpondeur de contrôle (4) peut être lu par celle-ci.1. the group of transponders (2, 3, 5) of the front (AV) of the train is still far from the antenna (7), only the control transponder (4) can be read by it.
2. le transpondeur mobile (3) arrive dans le champ de l'antenne : une lecture des transpondeurs mobiles et de contrôle (3, 4) est donc possible.2. the mobile transponder (3) arrives in the field of the antenna: a reading of the mobile transponders and control (3, 4) is possible.
3. le transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) est dans la zone d'incertitude et vient à se brouiller mutuellement avec le transpondeur de contrôle (4) sur leur canal corn- mun à la quatrième fréquence (f4) : ainsi, seul le transpondeur mobile (3) peut être lu.3. the additional mobile transponder (5) is in the uncertainty zone and mutually interferes with the control transponder (4) on their respective channel. at the fourth frequency (f4): thus, only the mobile transponder (3) can be read.
4. le transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) arrive dans sa zone de lecture garantie : ainsi, seuls, le transpondeur mobile (3) et le transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) peuvent être lus.4. the additional mobile transponder (5) arrives in its guaranteed reading area: thus, only the mobile transponder (3) and the additional mobile transponder (5) can be read.
5. le transpondeur mobile (3) sort du champ de l'antenne (7) : seul le transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) peut être lu.5. the mobile transponder (3) leaves the field of the antenna (7): only the additional mobile transponder (5) can be read.
6. le transpondeur mobile redondant (2) entre dans le champ de l'antenne (7) : ainsi, seuls, ce transpondeur mobile6. the redundant mobile transponder (2) enters the field of the antenna (7): thus, only this mobile transponder
(2) et le transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) peuvent être lus .(2) and the additional mobile transponder (5) can be read.
7. le transpondeur supplémentaire (5) est sorti de sa zone de lecture garantie, et vient se brouiller mutuellement avec le transpondeur de contrôle (4) sur leur canal commun à la quatrième fréquence (f4) : ainsi, seul le transpondeur mobile (2) peut être lu.7. the additional transponder (5) is out of its guaranteed reading area, and interferes with the control transponder (4) on their common channel at the fourth frequency (f4): thus, only the mobile transponder (2 ) can be read.
8. le transpondeur supplémentaire (5) est sorti du champ de l'antenne (7), et son brouillage avec le transpondeur de contrôle (4) s'arrête : ainsi, seuls, ce transpondeur mobile (2) et le transpondeur de contrôle (4) peuvent être lus .8. the additional transponder (5) is out of the field of the antenna (7), and its jamming with the control transponder (4) stops: thus, only, this mobile transponder (2) and the control transponder (4) can be read.
9. le transpondeur mobile (2) sort du champ de l'antenne : seul le transpondeur de contrôle (4) peut être lu.9. the mobile transponder (2) leaves the field of the antenna: only the control transponder (4) can be read.
On voit sur cette séquence d'étapes de lecture {4, 4+3, 3, 3+5, 5, 5+2, 2, 2+4, 4} que le procédé dit « mixte » permet : de lire correctement les données d' au moins un transpondeur (embarqué) en permanence lors d'un passage de véhicule, quelle que soit la vitesse de passage du véhicule, - de garantir un niveau maximal de sécurité grâce au transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) et au transpondeur de contrôle (4) qui répondent su le même canal. La séquence précédente n'est toutefois pas unique. Par exemple, en rapprochant davantage les transpondeurs mobiles (2, 3), une séquence d'étapes de lecture peut être obtenue ayant la forme de : {4, 4+3, 4+3+2, 3+2, 3+2+5, 3+2, 4+3+2, 4+2, 4}, car ces deux transpondeurs mobiles (2, 3) transmettent sur des canaux distincts (non brouillables mutuellement) et permettent une lecture en bi-canal avec un lecteur adapté. Cette redondance permet ainsi encore d'élever le niveau de sécurité de la méthode de contrôle de lecture. On peut ainsi obtenir d'autres séquences avantageuses en modifiant légèrement la disposition des transpondeurs mobiles.On this sequence of reading steps {4, 4 + 3, 3, 3 + 5, 5, 5 + 2, 2, 2 + 4, 4} it can be seen that the so-called "mixed" method makes it possible to: read correctly the data of at least one transponder (on board) permanently during a vehicle passage, regardless of the speed of passage of the vehicle; - to guarantee a maximum level of safety thanks to the additional mobile transponder (5) and the transponder of the vehicle; control (4) that respond on the same channel. The previous sequence is however not unique. For example, by moving closer the mobile transponders (2, 3), a sequence of read steps can be obtained in the form of: {4, 4 + 3, 4 + 3 + 2, 3 + 2, 3 + 2 +5, 3 + 2, 4 + 3 + 2, 4 + 2, 4}, since these two mobile transponders (2, 3) transmit on distinct (mutually non-mutually interfering) channels and allow two-channel playback with one adapted reader. This redundancy thus makes it possible to raise the level of security of the reading control method. It is thus possible to obtain other advantageous sequences by slightly modifying the arrangement of the mobile transponders.
Les figures 4 et 5 représentent une disposition symétrique par rapport aux exemples précédents selon figures 2 et 3 , en ce qu'il est illustré un second exemple d'installation pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode de contrôle de lecture de transpondeurs au sol au moyen d' un lecteur embarqué selon l' invention.FIGS. 4 and 5 represent a symmetrical arrangement with respect to the preceding examples according to FIGS. 2 and 3, in that a second example of installation is illustrated for implementing the ground transponder reading control method at means of an onboard reader according to the invention.
L'interrogateur (36, INT), son antenne (37), leur transpondeur de contrôle associé (34) et le calculateur (38, CALSEC) sont maintenant embarqués dans le véhicule (10), par exemple disposés sous le plancher du véhicule, alors que les transpondeurs dits jusqu'à présent « mobiles » (22, 23) et le transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (25) sont placés au sol par exemple entre les rails (RA) de la voie (VO) . rThe interrogator (36, INT), its antenna (37), its associated control transponder (34) and the computer (38, CALSEC) are now embedded in the vehicle (10), for example arranged under the floor of the vehicle, while the so-called "mobile" transponders (22, 23) and the additional mobile transponder (25) are placed on the ground for example between the rails (RA) of the track (VO). r
II est donc clair que ce second exemple est analogiquement identique pour une mise en œuvre de la méthode de contrôle de lecture selon l'invention précédemment décrite et présente l'avantage que les transpondeurs mobiles sont en fait mobiles relativement aux lecteurs et à son transpondeur de contrôle. La méthode présente donc fort avantageusement une méthode de contrôle de lectures de type sol-véhicule et véhicule-sol à haut niveau de sécurité. En résumé, d'après les derniers exemples, l'invention prévoit donc avantageusement une installation pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode de contrôle de lecture d'un transpondeur mobile en mouvement relatif par rapport à un lecteur de transpondeur comprenant un calculateur relié au lecteur et muni de:It is therefore clear that this second example is analogically identical for an implementation of the reading control method according to the invention described above and has the advantage that mobile transponders are actually mobile relative to the readers and its transponder. control. The method therefore has a very advantageous method for controlling readings of the ground-vehicle and ground-vehicle type with a high level of safety. In summary, according to the last examples, the invention therefore advantageously provides an installation for implementing the method for controlling the reading of a mobile transponder in relative movement with respect to a transponder reader comprising a calculator connected to the reader and equipped with:
- une entrée de signaux pour au moins un signal de lecture du transpondeur mobile et pour au moins un signal de contrôle d'un transpondeur de contrôle, lesdits signaux étant issus d'un lecteur,a signal input for at least one read signal of the mobile transponder and for at least one control transponder control signal, said signals coming from a reader,
- un module de traitement desdits signaux,a module for processing said signals,
- un signal de sortie délivrant une information de présence ou de passage dans une zone de lecture garantie du transpondeur mobile transitant dans ladite zone, par exemple alors qu'il est embarqué dans un véhicule et passe devant un lecteur fixe au sol.an output signal delivering information of presence or of passage in a guaranteed reading zone of the mobile transponder transiting in said zone, for example while it is embedded in a vehicle and passes in front of a fixed reader on the ground.
Si le transpondeur dit « mobile » est au sol, alors le lecteur et son transpondeur de contrôle sont en mouvement par rapport au sol, par exemple tels qu'embarqués dans un véhicule.If the so-called "mobile" transponder is on the ground, then the reader and its control transponder are moving relative to the ground, for example as being loaded into a vehicle.
Le calculateur délivre un signal porteur de deux informations du couple formé par le transpondeur mobile et le transpondeur de contrôle suivant un schéma binaire d' absence de véhicule ou d'identification d'un véhicule présent.The computer delivers a signal carrying two information of the pair formed by the mobile transponder and the control transponder according to a binary diagram of no vehicle or identification of a vehicle present.
Plusieurs lecteurs peuvent être disposés à des extrémités de cantons de voie et délivrer des signaux idéalement utilisés pour contrôler une occupation de véhicule sur ledit canton ou/et contrôler une commande de feux de signalisation ou d' actuateurs de voirie. Ils assurent aussi une redondance sécuritaire en cas d' attente pour un remplacement de lecteur défectueux. A plurality of readers may be disposed at ends of track yards and deliver signals ideally used to control a vehicle occupancy on said block and / or control a control of traffic lights or road actuators. They also provide secure redundancy when waiting for a defective drive replacement.

Claims

Revendications claims
1. Méthode de contrôle de lecture d'au moins un transpondeur mobile (2, 3, 5) radiofréquence se déplaçant relativement par rapport à une antenne (7, 17) d'un lecteur1. Method for controlling the reading of at least one mobile radio frequency transponder (2, 3, 5) relatively moving relative to an antenna (7, 17) of a reader
(6, 16) dudit transpondeur, pour laquelle :(6, 16) of said transponder, for which:
- au moins une zone de lecture garantie est définie autour de l'antenne,at least one guaranteed reading zone is defined around the antenna,
- au moins un transpondeur de contrôle (TC, 4, 14) est fixé en périphérie de la zone de lecture garantie afin de périodiquement être contrôlé en lecture par le lecteur additionnellement à une lecture du transpondeur mobile .at least one control transponder (TC, 4, 14) is fixed at the periphery of the guaranteed reading zone in order to periodically be read-controlled by the reader additionally to a reading of the mobile transponder.
2. Méthode selon revendication 1, pour laquelle le lecteur est soumis à un contrôle périodique sous une période de contrôle inférieure à un temps minimal de passage du transpondeur mobile dans la zone de garantie.2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the reader is subjected to a periodic control under a control period less than a minimum time of passage of the mobile transponder in the warranty area.
3. Méthode selon revendication 2, pour laquelle le lecteur émet des requêtes d' interrogations au transpondeur de contrôle sous une période d' interrogation inférieure à la période de contrôle.3. Method according to claim 2, for which the reader sends interrogation requests to the control transponder under a polling period less than the control period.
4. Méthode selon une des revendications précédentes, pour laquelle un transpondeur mobile (2) est mis en redondance avec un autre transpondeur mobile (3) dans son voisinage.4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a mobile transponder (2) is redundant with another mobile transponder (3) in its vicinity.
5. Méthode selon une des revendications précédentes, pour laquelle au moins un transpondeur mobile (2) et le transpondeur de contrôle sont dotés d'une transmission sous forme multiplexée avec des canaux distincts du lecteur. 5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one mobile transponder (2) and the control transponder are provided with a transmission in multiplexed form with separate channels of the reader.
6. Méthode selon revendication 5, pour laquelle le transpondeur mobile (2) est mis en redondance au moyen d'au moins un deuxième transpondeur (3) mobile et lui étant avoisiné et ayant un canal de transmission distinct du canal du transpondeur mobile (2) et du canal du transpondeur de contrôle (TC, 4, 14) .6. Method according to claim 5, for which the mobile transponder (2) is redundant by means of at least one second mobile transponder (3) and being neighboring thereto and having a transmission channel distinct from the mobile transponder channel (2). ) and the control transponder channel (TC, 4, 14).
7. Méthode selon une des revendications précédentes 5 ou 6, pour laquelle au moins un transpondeur mobile supplémentaire (5) est ajouté dans le voisinage d'au moins un transpondeur mobile (2, 3), ledit transpondeur mobile supplémentaire ayant un canal distinct du canal dudit transpondeur mobile et identique au canal du transpondeur de contrôle.7. Method according to one of the preceding claims 5 or 6, for which at least one additional mobile transponder (5) is added in the vicinity of at least one mobile transponder (2, 3), said additional mobile transponder having a channel distinct from the channel of said mobile transponder and identical to the channel of the control transponder.
8. Installation pour la mise en œuvre de la méthode de contrôle selon une des revendications précédentes comprenant un calculateur muni de:8. Installation for the implementation of the control method according to one of the preceding claims comprising a calculator provided with:
- une entrée de signaux pour au moins un signal de lecture du transpondeur mobile et pour au moins un signal de contrôle du transpondeur de contrôle, lesdits signaux étant issus du lecteur,a signal input for at least one read signal of the mobile transponder and for at least one control transponder control signal, said signals being output from the reader,
- un module de traitement desdits signaux,a module for processing said signals,
- un signal de sortie délivrant une information de présence ou de passage dans la zone garantie d'un véhicule dans lequel le transpondeur mobile transite.an output signal delivering information of presence or of passage in the guaranteed zone of a vehicle in which the mobile transponder transits.
9. Installation selon la revendication 8, pour laquelle le calculateur délivre un signal porteur de deux informations du couple de transpondeur mobile et de contrôle suivant un schéma binaire d'absence de véhicule ou d'identification d'un véhicule présent.9. Installation according to claim 8, wherein the computer delivers a signal carrying two pieces of information of the mobile transponder torque and control in a binary pattern of no vehicle or identification of a vehicle present.
10. Installation selon une des revendications 8 ou 9, pour laquelle plusieurs lecteurs sont disposés à des extrémi- tés de cantons de voie et délivrent des signaux idéalement utilisés pour contrôler une occupation de véhicule sur ledit canton ou/et contrôler une commande • de feux de signalisation ou d' actuateurs de voirie. 10. Installation according to one of claims 8 or 9, for which several readers are arranged at extremes. lane Canton tees and ideally deliver signals used for controlling a vehicle on said occupation state or / and a command control • traffic lights or road actuators.
EP08875633A 2008-12-12 2008-12-12 Method for checking the reading of a mobile transponder Withdrawn EP2359307A1 (en)

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WO2010066952A1 (en) 2010-06-17
BRPI0823308A2 (en) 2015-06-23
CA2746683A1 (en) 2010-06-17

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