EP2357295B1 - Snow guard for roofs - Google Patents

Snow guard for roofs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2357295B1
EP2357295B1 EP11000844.8A EP11000844A EP2357295B1 EP 2357295 B1 EP2357295 B1 EP 2357295B1 EP 11000844 A EP11000844 A EP 11000844A EP 2357295 B1 EP2357295 B1 EP 2357295B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
arms
snow
parallel
axis
guard
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EP11000844.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2357295B8 (en
EP2357295A1 (en
Inventor
Albert Oberlechner
Tobias Zingerle
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OBERLECHNER, ALBERT
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/10—Snow traps ; Removing snow from roofs; Snow melters

Definitions

  • Snow guards are also known snow guards which usually consist of approximately 15 to 25 cm high metal mesh mounted on the sloping roof surfaces in the direction of the contour lines. These snow guards are mounted in areas whose climate causes snowfall to prevent slipping of the snow layer, especially when the outside temperature rises, said slipping can be dangerous for the pedestrian and for the roofing and gutters harmful, especially the gutters can through the often icy slipping snow layer can be demolished or deformed.
  • a snow guards which is installed on the roofing of a sloping roof surface and essentially consists of a series of fixed aligned to a contour line of the roof surface holder on which a triangular element with transverse holes for receiving several, the grid forming rods is used.
  • the triangular element can be used in two different positions to achieve a different vertical extension of the grille, depending on the inclination of the roof surface, the local climatic conditions and the type of roofing.
  • it is necessary to climb the roof remove the triangular elements and replace them with the second longer or shorter leg. This work can not be done on a snow covered roof surface and is definitely time consuming, risky and does not allow a controlled exit of the snow layer.
  • the invention has set itself the task of creating inclined roof surfaces, snow guards of the type mentioned above which is suitable for a controlled slipping of the snow layer of the roof surface, for the purpose Exemption of any collectors including the corresponding roof area to reach.
  • the invention further has the object that, in the case of roofs with less inclination or snow layers which, because of their particular consistency and / or because of the friction or adhesion to the surface of the roofing, not slip, the snow guard does not cause the caused by a person Movement of the snow layer obstructed towards the eaves line.
  • the invention proposes the creation of a snow guards according to claim 1 with variable geometry which occupies the maximum projection of the surface of the roof covering during the snowfall during the day, after securing the eventual pedestrian or vehicle traffic near the building in the area below the Eaves line, folded or pulled into a position adjacent to the roof covering, so that the spontaneous slipping of the snow or the deportation of the snow beyond the eaves line or at least beyond the bottom line of the photovoltaic panels or the solar panels is not hindered.
  • variable geometry snow guard consists essentially of a series of fixed, aligned according to a straight line, fastened to the roof surface, brackets on which substantially vertically projecting from the roof surface rotatably mounted arms which carry one or more rods or grid elements, possibly known type.
  • the rotatable mounting of the movable arms can take place with the axis of rotation parallel to the eaves line in order to be able to swing the snow guard from the erected active position, in the direction of the eaves line, into the passive position on the roof surface.
  • a continuous shaft is mounted on the brackets from which the arms which carry the grid elements protrude radially, by rotating this shaft, the grid elements can deauskragende active Position or in the voltage applied to the roof surface passive position.
  • the rotatable mounting of the movable arms can also be done with the axis of rotation parallel to the slope of the roof surface so as to achieve an adjustment of the snow guard parallel to the eaves line
  • the snow guard in this case consists of a rod or a plurality of mutually parallel rods which are movable on the, are aligned according to a straight line, arms are stored.
  • the snow guard is in the passive position on the roof surface and thus does not constitute an obstacle to the free or provoked slipping of the snow layer.
  • This latter solution is particularly suitable for snow guards which are installed just below the bottom edge of the panels or collectors mounted on the roof, or for snow guards installed in the area of the eaves line, with the possibility that the snow guards in an even plane with the gutter or in the same plane of the roof surface or in a plane below the plane of the roof surface can be moved, for example in a position which corresponds to the upper edge of the gutter.
  • the roof surface is completely free of obstacles with respect to the slipping of the snow layer and that the rain gutter is protected against deformation by the folded-over snow guard.
  • a further embodiment of the snow guard according to the invention provides that, as described above, it is mounted on a shaft rotatably mounted according to an axis parallel to the eaves line, or on arms which are mounted on brackets so as to be pivotable according to a rotation axis parallel to the eaves line.
  • the pivoting movement of the grid is carried out by rotating a drive shaft which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft provided with grid elements or the arms which carry the grid elements and spaced therefrom.
  • This drive shaft is provided with a series of radially projecting tabs provided at which one of the ends of a cranked connecting rod is articulated, while the second end of the connecting rod on the grid elements or on the arms which carry the grid elements, to the pivot axis of this spaced, hinged.
  • the crank at the connecting rod is designed so that the axis of the articulation of the connecting rod end on the tabs which project from the drive shaft, the snow guard in active position, beyond the "dead point", ie beyond the plane which the axis of rotation of the drive shaft and the axis of the Articulation of the connecting rod at the snow guard lattice is located; This ensures that the snow guard is automatically held in an active position. Only by turning the drive shaft, after overcoming the "dead spot" is a torque required to hold the snow guards in a position between the active and the voltage applied to the roof surface passive position.
  • the drive of the movable arms of the snow guard can be done in various ways, by means of a possibly remotely controlled electric motor which is equipped with a reduction gear, by means of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder which is connected to a pump or to a compressed air system, by means of chain or cable pull or by means of a rod which can be operated manually or via an engine from the under-roof.
  • the operation of the snow guard can be done in stages so that too fast slipping of the snow layer is prevented, there is also the possibility of slipping off for at least a portion of the snow layer located above the snow guard grid so that damage to the roofing and / or gutter be avoided. In any case, it is possible at any moment, by returning the snow guard, to bring it from the fully or partially passive position to the active erect position.
  • the snow guards invention can be equipped with electrical heating by inside in one or more, forming the grid Elements, heating cables of the kind known for the heating of gutters are provided; In this case, prior to the operation of the grid in the passive position, this can be electrically heated to eliminate any icing which could hinder the movement of the grid.
  • the plant of the snow guards may further be equipped with temperature sensors which indicate by an acoustic and / or visual signal that the thermal conditions have been reached at which the spontaneous slipping of the snow guards retained by the snow layer takes place.
  • the Fig. 1 schematically shows a perspective view of the details of a movable snow guard according to the invention which is supported by arms which are pivotable according to a parallel to the inclination of the roof surface axis of rotation.
  • Fig. 2 show schematically in perspective the details of a movable snow guild invention according to the invention which is supported by arms which are pivotable according to a parallel to the eaves line axis of rotation.
  • the Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of an inventive, moving snow guards of the in Fig. 2 shown type which is mounted in the gutter.
  • the Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an inventive snow guard with over drive shaft and connecting rod pivoting snow guard grille which is mounted on a roof surface, below solar panels.
  • the snow guards invention consists of a structure which has at least one profile 3, which has along its longitudinal extent, spaced apart and freely pivotally mounted 3r 3x retaining elements 3c.
  • This profile 3 is supported by a series of, aligned according to a line parallel to the eaves line, arms 2 which are mounted according to a pivot axis 2 pivotally 2r parallel to the slope of the roof surface C parallel.
  • the arms 2 are pivotally mounted on the holders 2r 2r which are fastened by means of anchoring elements 1 in a known manner to the roof surface C, or to the structure underlying the roofing; the said anchoring elements 1 can also be integral with the holders 1a.
  • At least one of the arms 2 is driven by a motor M, by a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder or by a cable, a chain or a rod.
  • the profile 3 is hinged to the upper, provided with simple holes or bearing supports 2b, ends of the arms 2 3z; by operating one of the arms 2, for example by means of motor M, this arm pivots about the axis of rotation 3x from the substantially vertical, active position into a passive position on the roof surface C, the profile 3 in the longitudinal direction H and vertical V in the direction of the roof surface C. is moved.
  • the profile 3 transmits the movement in the manner of a connecting rod to all connected arms 2 which move synchronously with the motorized arm 2.
  • the retaining elements 3a which are pivotally mounted on the profile 3r 3 are, as soon as they come into contact with the roof surface C, 3r freely pivoted to allow the complete lowering V of the profile 3 in the direction against the roof surface C.
  • the invention does not exclude that parallel to the profile 3, vertically spaced from this, on the same arms 2, one or more profiles 3, possibly with are hinged to different cross section.
  • the retaining elements 3a may be connected at their lower ends by one or more profiles or bars, parallel to the profile 3.
  • a snow guards ( Fig. 2, Fig. 3 ), which is railing-shaped and for example consists of arms 2a which protrude radially from a shaft 4 which is mounted horizontally, parallel to the eaves line and which carries horizontal rods 2c, according to an axis 2y of the shaft 4 at a series of, aligned according to a straight line , Bearing elements 1 b to be mounted pivotally 2 s, wherein the bearing elements are fastened by means of known anchoring elements 1 on the roof surface.
  • the shaft 4 is driven by a motor M to move the grid consisting of arms 2a and bars 2c into an active substantially vertical position to the roof surface C and into a passive position abutting the roof surface C.
  • the snow guard grille which is supported and movable as described above, is suitable for being mounted in the region of the gutter G, preferably in a plane slightly below the plane of the roof surface C, in order to act in a passive position as protection for the underlying gutter.
  • the carrier hooks 2g of the gutter G can serve as a support for the shaft 4 for the operation of the snow guard grid 2a, 2c.
  • a further embodiment according to the invention provides that the grid elements 2g which are fastened directly or by means of holding arms to a shaft 4 and are pivotable together with this from an active position to a passive contact with the roof surface are moved via a drive shaft 5 and connecting rod 6.
  • the axis 2y of the shaft 4 extends substantially parallel to the eaves line and parallel to the drive shaft 5 which the shaft 4 with the grid elements 2g spaced on the roof surface C, z. B. below a solar collector S is stored.
  • From the drive shaft 5 are radially tabs 5a from which one of the ends of a connecting rod 6 articulated with crank in the drive shaft 5 5b is, while the second end to the grid elements 2g or to the corresponding Holding arms hinged 6b is.
  • the crank 6a on the connecting rod 6 is formed such that the linkage 5b, the snow guards in active position is beyond the "dead spot" and thus a self-locking effect against the movement of the grid by the pressure of the snow layer is achieved in the passive folded position ,
  • the snow guard grille projecting from the shaft 4 is actuated via the connecting rod 6 2s.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Description

Es sind außer Schneefanghaken auch Schneefanggitter bekannt welche üblicherweise aus ungefähr 15 bis 25 cm hohen Metallgitter bestehen die an den geneigten Dachflächen in Richtung der Höhenlinien montiert sind. Diese Schneefanggitter werden in Gebieten deren Klima Schneefall bewirkt montiert um das Abrutschen der Schneeschicht, insbesondere bei Anstieg der Außentemperatur, zu verhindern, das besagte Abrutschen kann für die Fußgänger gefährlich und für die Dacheindeckung sowie für die Dachrinnen schädlich sein, insbesondere die Dachrinnen können durch die oft vereiste abrutschende Schneeschicht abgerissen oder verformt werden.Snow guards are also known snow guards which usually consist of approximately 15 to 25 cm high metal mesh mounted on the sloping roof surfaces in the direction of the contour lines. These snow guards are mounted in areas whose climate causes snowfall to prevent slipping of the snow layer, especially when the outside temperature rises, said slipping can be dangerous for the pedestrian and for the roofing and gutters harmful, especially the gutters can through the often icy slipping snow layer can be demolished or deformed.

Aus der US 6,453,623 ist ein Schneefanggitter bekannt welches auf der Dacheindeckung einer geneigten Dachfläche installiert wird und wesentlich aus einer Reihe feststehender nach einer Höhenlinie der Dachfläche ausgerichtete Halter besteht an welchen ein Dreieckelement mit Querbohrungen für die Aufnahme mehrerer, das Gitter bildender, Stäbe eingesetzt wird. Das Dreieckelement ist in zwei unterschiedlichen Positionen einsetzbar um dadurch, je nach Neigung der Dachfläche, der örtlichen Klimaverhältnisse und der Art der Dacheindeckung, eine unterschiedliche Höhenerstreckung des Gitters zu erreichen. Um die Höhe des Gitters zu verändern ist es notwendig auf das Dach zu steigen, die Dreieckelemente abzunehmen um sie mit dem zweiten längeren oder kürzeren Schenkel wieder einzusetzen. Diese Arbeit kann nicht bei einer beschneiten Dachfläche erfolgen und ist auf jeden Fall zeitaufwändig, mit Risiken verbunden und ermöglicht nicht einen kontrollierten Abgang der Schneeschicht.From the US 6,453,623 a snow guards is known which is installed on the roofing of a sloping roof surface and essentially consists of a series of fixed aligned to a contour line of the roof surface holder on which a triangular element with transverse holes for receiving several, the grid forming rods is used. The triangular element can be used in two different positions to achieve a different vertical extension of the grille, depending on the inclination of the roof surface, the local climatic conditions and the type of roofing. In order to change the height of the grid, it is necessary to climb the roof, remove the triangular elements and replace them with the second longer or shorter leg. This work can not be done on a snow covered roof surface and is definitely time consuming, risky and does not allow a controlled exit of the snow layer.

Aus der DE 202005000694 U1 ist ein Halterungssystem für die Montage von Schneefanggitter an geneigten Dachflächen bekannt welches aus zwei flachen Elementen besteht, von welchen das erste, als Grundelement wirkende niedriger ist während das zweite, als Halteelement wirkende, höher ist, beide liegen mittels eines abgewinkelten Bereichs gegeneinander an um ein, das Gitter bildende, Element zu tragen. In diesem Fall ist das Gitterelement leicht abnehmbar und austauschbar, was jedoch nicht bei einer beschneiten Dachfläche möglich ist, weiters ist ein kontrolliertes Abrutschen der Schneeschicht, z.B. um eventuelle solarthermische oder photovoltaische Kollektoren welche sich firstseitig über dem Schneefanggitter befinden schneefrei zu machen, nicht möglich.From the DE 202005000694 U1 is a mounting system for the assembly of snow guard on inclined roof surfaces known which consists of two flat elements, of which the first acting as a base element is lower while the second, acting as a holding element, higher, both are by means of an angled portion against each other to a to carry the grid forming element. In this case, the grid element is easily removable and interchangeable, but this is not possible with a snow-covered roof surface, furthermore, a controlled slipping of the snow layer, for example, to make any solar thermal or photovoltaic panels which are ridge-free over the snow guard lattice, not possible.

Aus den US 529,774 und US 1, 230,363 sind Schneefanggitter bekannt deren Halterung an der Dachfläche derart ausgebildet sind dass, um die Wirkung des Schneefanggitters zu optimieren, der Winkel des Gitters zur Dachfläche, je nach Neigung der Dachfläche, verstellt werden kann. Um die eingestellte Position des Schneefanggitters, bezogen auf die Neigung der Dachfläche, zu verändern ist es notwendig Bolzen oder Gewindeschrauben an jedem einzelnen der Halteelemente zu lösen und in einer anderen Position am Halteelement erneut einzusetzen und festzuziehen. Diese Lösungen sehen vorgegebene Positionen des Gitters bezogen auf die Neigung der Dachfläche vor, eine Veränderung der Position des Gitters bei beschneiter Dachfläche ist nicht vorgesehen. Das Gitter gemäß US 1,230,363 kann nicht in eine, an der Dachfläche anliegende Position gebracht werden. Das Gitter gemäß US 529,774 kann nur nach Demontage der Haltestrebe und der beiden entsprechenden Bolzen in eine an der Dachfläche anliegende Position geschwenkt werden.From the US 529,774 and US 1, 230,363 snow guards are known whose support on the roof surface are designed so that in order to optimize the effect of the snow guard grid, the angle of the grid to the roof surface, depending on the inclination of the roof surface, can be adjusted. In order to change the set position of the snow guard grid, based on the inclination of the roof surface, it is necessary to loosen bolts or screws on each of the holding elements and re-insert and tighten in another position on the holding element. These solutions provide predetermined positions of the grid with respect to the slope of the roof surface, a change in the position of the grid in snowy roof surface is not provided. The grid according to US 1,230,363 can not be brought into a, on the roof surface fitting position. The grid according to US 529,774 can be pivoted only after disassembly of the retaining strut and the two corresponding bolts in a voltage applied to the roof surface position.

Das inzwischen häufige Vorhandensein solarthermischer oder/und photovoltaischer in die Dachabdeckung integrierter oder auf diese montierter Kollektoren an den wesentlich nach Süden ausgerichteten Dachflächen, bewirkt dass die genannten Schneefanggitter die Schneeschicht welche die Kollektoren abdeckt zurückhalten und dass dadurch diese, bei Sonnenlicht nicht funktionstüchtig sind.The now common presence of solar thermal and / or photovoltaic integrated into the roof cover or mounted on these collectors on the substantially south-facing roof surfaces, causes the snow guards mentioned the snow layer which covers the collectors cover and that this, in sunlight are not functional.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe ein, an geneigten Dachflächen montierbares, Schneefanggitter der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen welches geeignet ist um ein kontrolliertes Abrutschen der Schneeschicht von der Dachfläche, zwecks Befreiung eventueller Kollektoren samt der entsprechenden Dachfläche, zu erreichen. Die Erfindung stellt sich weiters die Aufgabe dass, im Falle von Dachflächen mit weniger Neigung oder bei Schneeschichten welche, wegen ihrer besonderen Konsistenz und/oder wegen der Reibung oder Haftung an der Oberfläche der Dacheindeckung, nicht abrutschen, das Schneefanggitter nicht die durch eine Person verursachte Bewegung der Schneeschicht in Richtung Traufenlinie behindert.The invention has set itself the task of creating inclined roof surfaces, snow guards of the type mentioned above which is suitable for a controlled slipping of the snow layer of the roof surface, for the purpose Exemption of any collectors including the corresponding roof area to reach. The invention further has the object that, in the case of roofs with less inclination or snow layers which, because of their particular consistency and / or because of the friction or adhesion to the surface of the roofing, not slip, the snow guard does not cause the caused by a person Movement of the snow layer obstructed towards the eaves line.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe schlägt die Erfindung die Schaffung eines Schneefanggitters gemäß Anspruch 1 mit veränderlicher Geometrie vor welches während des Schneefalls die maximale Auskragung von der Fläche der Dacheindeckung einnimmt während das Gitter untertags, nach Absicherung des eventuellen Fußgänger- oder Fahrzeugverkehrs in Gebäudenähe im Bereich unterhalb der Traufenlinie, umgelegt oder in eine an der Dacheindeckung anliegenden Position eingezogen werden kann, so dass das spontane Abrutschen des Schnees oder das Abschieben des Schnees bis jenseits der Traufenlinie oder mindestens jenseits der unteren Linie der photovoltaischen Paneele oder der Sonnenkollektoren nicht behindert wird.To solve this problem, the invention proposes the creation of a snow guards according to claim 1 with variable geometry which occupies the maximum projection of the surface of the roof covering during the snowfall during the day, after securing the eventual pedestrian or vehicle traffic near the building in the area below the Eaves line, folded or pulled into a position adjacent to the roof covering, so that the spontaneous slipping of the snow or the deportation of the snow beyond the eaves line or at least beyond the bottom line of the photovoltaic panels or the solar panels is not hindered.

Das erfindungsgemäße Schneefanggitter mit veränderbarer Geometrie besteht wesentlich aus einer Reihe feststehender, gemäß einer Geraden ausgerichteter, an der Dachfläche befestigter, Halterungen an welchen wesentlich vertikal von der Dachfläche abstehende drehbar gelagerte Arme abragen welche einen oder mehrere Stäbe oder Gitterelemente, eventuell bekannter Art, tragen.The variable geometry snow guard according to the invention consists essentially of a series of fixed, aligned according to a straight line, fastened to the roof surface, brackets on which substantially vertically projecting from the roof surface rotatably mounted arms which carry one or more rods or grid elements, possibly known type.

Die drehbare Lagerung der beweglichen Arme kann mit der Drehachse parallel zur Traufenlinie erfolgen um ein Umlegen des Schneefanggitters von der aufgestellten aktiven Position, in Richtung Traufenlinie, in die an der Dachfläche anliegende passive Position geschwenkt werden zu können.The rotatable mounting of the movable arms can take place with the axis of rotation parallel to the eaves line in order to be able to swing the snow guard from the erected active position, in the direction of the eaves line, into the passive position on the roof surface.

In diesem Fall ist es vorteilhaft wenn an den Halterungen eine durchgehende Welle gelagert ist von welcher die Arme welche die Gitterelemente tragen radial abstehen, durch Verdrehen dieser Welle können die Gitterelemente in deauskragende aktive Position oder in die an der Dachfläche anliegende passive Position geschwenkt werden.In this case, it is advantageous if a continuous shaft is mounted on the brackets from which the arms which carry the grid elements protrude radially, by rotating this shaft, the grid elements can deauskragende active Position or in the voltage applied to the roof surface passive position.

Die drehbare Lagerung der beweglichen Arme kann auch mit der Drehachse parallel zur Neigung der Dachfläche erfolgen um so ein Verstellen des Schneefanggitters parallel zur Traufenlinie zu erreichen, wobei das Schneefanggitter in diesem Fall aus einem Stab oder aus mehreren zueinander parallelen Stäben besteht welche beweglich an den, gemäß einer Geraden ausgerichteten, Armen gelagert sind. In diesem Fall liegt das Schneefanggitter in der passiven Position an der Dachfläche an und stellt somit kein Hindernis für das freie oder das provozierte Abrutschen der Schneeschicht dar.The rotatable mounting of the movable arms can also be done with the axis of rotation parallel to the slope of the roof surface so as to achieve an adjustment of the snow guard parallel to the eaves line, the snow guard in this case consists of a rod or a plurality of mutually parallel rods which are movable on the, are aligned according to a straight line, arms are stored. In this case, the snow guard is in the passive position on the roof surface and thus does not constitute an obstacle to the free or provoked slipping of the snow layer.

Diese letztere Lösung ist besonders geeignet für Schneefanggitter welche gleich unterhalb des unteren Randes der, auf der Dachfläche montierten, Paneele oder Kollektoren installiert sind, oder für Schneefanggitter welche im Bereich der Traufenlinie installiert sind, wobei die Möglichkeit besteht dass das Schneefanggitter in eine gleiche Ebene mit der Dachrinne oder in die selbe Ebene der Dachfläche oder in eine Ebene unterhalb der Ebene der Dachfläche bewegt werden kann, z.B. in eine Position welche dem oberen Rand der Dachrinne entspricht. In diesem letzten Fall wird erreicht dass die Dachfläche vollständig frei von Hindernissen bezüglich des Abrutschens der Schneeschicht ist und dass die Regenrinne durch das umgelegte Schneefanggitter gegen Verformungen geschützt wird.This latter solution is particularly suitable for snow guards which are installed just below the bottom edge of the panels or collectors mounted on the roof, or for snow guards installed in the area of the eaves line, with the possibility that the snow guards in an even plane with the gutter or in the same plane of the roof surface or in a plane below the plane of the roof surface can be moved, for example in a position which corresponds to the upper edge of the gutter. In this last case it is achieved that the roof surface is completely free of obstacles with respect to the slipping of the snow layer and that the rain gutter is protected against deformation by the folded-over snow guard.

Eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausführung des Schneefanggitters sieht vor dass dieses wie vorher beschrieben auf einer, gemäß einer zur Traufenlinie parallelen Achse drehbar gelagerten, Welle oder an Armen montiert ist welche an Halterungen so gelagert sind dass sie gemäß einer zur Traufenlinie parallelen Drehachse schwenkbar sind. Die Schwenkbewegung des Gitters erfolgt durch Verdrehen einer Antriebswelle welche zur Drehachse der mit Gitterelementen versehenen Welle oder der Arme welche die Gitterelemente tragen parallel und zu dieser beabstandet gelagert ist. Diese Antriebswelle ist mit einer Reihe von radial abstehenden Laschen versehen an welchen eines der Enden eines gekröpftes Pleuel angelenkt ist, während das zweite Ende des Pleuels an den Gitterelementen oder an den Armen welche die Gitterelemente tragen, zur Schwenkachse dieser beabstandet, angelenkt ist. Durch Drehen der mit Laschen versehenen Antriebswelle wird über das gekröpfte Pleuel das Schneefanggitter geschwenkt. Die Kröpfung am Pleuel ist so ausgeführt dass die Achse der Anlenkung des Pleuelendes an den Laschen welche von der Antriebswelle abstehen, beim Schneefanggitter in aktiver Position, sich jenseits des "toten Punktes", also jenseits der Ebene welche die Drehachse der Antriebswelle und die Achse der Anlenkung des Pleuels am Schneefanggitters enthält, befindet; dadurch wird erreicht dass das Schneefanggitter selbsttätig in aktiver Position gehalten wird. Erst durch Verdrehen der Antriebswelle, nach Überwindung des "toten Punktes" ist ein Drehmoment erforderlich um das Schneefanggitter in einer Position zwischen der aktiven und der an der Dachfläche anliegenden passiven Position zu halten.A further embodiment of the snow guard according to the invention provides that, as described above, it is mounted on a shaft rotatably mounted according to an axis parallel to the eaves line, or on arms which are mounted on brackets so as to be pivotable according to a rotation axis parallel to the eaves line. The pivoting movement of the grid is carried out by rotating a drive shaft which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the shaft provided with grid elements or the arms which carry the grid elements and spaced therefrom. This drive shaft is provided with a series of radially projecting tabs provided at which one of the ends of a cranked connecting rod is articulated, while the second end of the connecting rod on the grid elements or on the arms which carry the grid elements, to the pivot axis of this spaced, hinged. By turning the lashed drive shaft, the snow guard grille is swiveled over the cranked connecting rod. The crank at the connecting rod is designed so that the axis of the articulation of the connecting rod end on the tabs which project from the drive shaft, the snow guard in active position, beyond the "dead point", ie beyond the plane which the axis of rotation of the drive shaft and the axis of the Articulation of the connecting rod at the snow guard lattice is located; This ensures that the snow guard is automatically held in an active position. Only by turning the drive shaft, after overcoming the "dead spot" is a torque required to hold the snow guards in a position between the active and the voltage applied to the roof surface passive position.

Der Antrieb der beweglichen Arme des Schneefanggitters kann auf verschiedene Art erfolgen, mittels eines eventuell ferngesteuerten Elektromotors welcher mit einem Untersetzungsgetriebe ausgestattet ist, mittels hydraulischem oder pneumatischem Zylinder welcher an eine Pumpe oder an eine Druckluftanlage angeschlossen ist, mittels Ketten- oder Kabelzug oder mittels einer Stange welche händisch oder über einen Motor vom Unterdach aus betätigt werden kann.The drive of the movable arms of the snow guard can be done in various ways, by means of a possibly remotely controlled electric motor which is equipped with a reduction gear, by means of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder which is connected to a pump or to a compressed air system, by means of chain or cable pull or by means of a rod which can be operated manually or via an engine from the under-roof.

Die Betätigung des Schneefanggitters kann stufenweise erfolgen so dass ein zu schnelles Abrutschen der Schneeschicht verhindert wird, es besteht auch die Möglichkeit das Abrutschen für mindestens einen Teil der sich oberhalb des Schneefanggitters befindlichen Schneeschicht zu unterbrechen so dass Beschädigungen an der Dacheindeckung und/oder an der Dachrinne vermieden werden. Auf jeden Fall ist es möglich zu einem beliebigen Moment, durch Rückführung des Schneefanggitters dieses aus der vollständig oder teilweise passiven Position in die aktive aufgestellte Position zu bringen.The operation of the snow guard can be done in stages so that too fast slipping of the snow layer is prevented, there is also the possibility of slipping off for at least a portion of the snow layer located above the snow guard grid so that damage to the roofing and / or gutter be avoided. In any case, it is possible at any moment, by returning the snow guard, to bring it from the fully or partially passive position to the active erect position.

Das erfindungsgemäße Schneefanggitter kann mit elektrischer Beheizung ausgestattet sein indem innen in einem oder in mehreren, das Gitter bildenden Elemente, Heizkabel von der Art wie sie für die Beheizung von Dachrinnen bekannt sind, vorgesehen sind; in diesem Fall kann, vor der Betätigung des Gitters in die passive Position, dieses elektrisch beheizt werden um eventuelle Vereisungen welche die Bewegung des Gitters behindern könnten, zu beseitigen. Die Anlage der Schneefanggitter kann weiters mit Temperaturfühler ausgestattet sein welche durch ein akustisches und/oder optisches Signal anzuzeigen dass die thermischen Bedingungen erreicht sind bei welchen das spontane Abrutschen der durch die Schneefanggitter zurückgehaltenen Schneeschicht erfolgt.The snow guards invention can be equipped with electrical heating by inside in one or more, forming the grid Elements, heating cables of the kind known for the heating of gutters are provided; In this case, prior to the operation of the grid in the passive position, this can be electrically heated to eliminate any icing which could hinder the movement of the grid. The plant of the snow guards may further be equipped with temperature sensors which indicate by an acoustic and / or visual signal that the thermal conditions have been reached at which the spontaneous slipping of the snow guards retained by the snow layer takes place.

Die Erfindung wird anschließend anhand von drei, in den beigelegten Zeichnungen schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen von erfindungsgemäßen Schneefanggittern näher erklärt, dabei erfüllen die Zeichnungen rein erklärenden, nicht begrenzenden Zweck.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to three, schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings embodiments of snow guards according to the invention, while fulfilling the drawings purely explanatory, non-limiting purpose.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch in perspektivischer Darstellung die Details eines erfindungsgemäßen, beweglichen Schneefanggitters welches von Armen getragen wird welche gemäß einer zur Neigung der Dachfläche parallelen Drehachse schwenkbar sind.The Fig. 1 schematically shows a perspective view of the details of a movable snow guard according to the invention which is supported by arms which are pivotable according to a parallel to the inclination of the roof surface axis of rotation.

Die Fig. 2 zeig schematisch in perspektivischer Darstellung die Details eines erfindungsgemäßen, beweglichen Schneefanggitters welches von Armen getragen wird welche gemäß einer zur Traufenlinie parallelen Drehachse schwenkbar sind.The Fig. 2 show schematically in perspective the details of a movable snow guild invention according to the invention which is supported by arms which are pivotable according to a parallel to the eaves line axis of rotation.

Die Fig. 3 zeigt in schematischer Seitenansicht ein erfindungsgemäßes, bewegliches Schneefanggitter von der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Art welches im Bereich der Dachrinne montiert ist.The Fig. 3 shows a schematic side view of an inventive, moving snow guards of the in Fig. 2 shown type which is mounted in the gutter.

Die Fig. 4 zeigt in perspektivischer Darstellung ein erfindungsgemäßes Schneefanggitter mit über Antriebswelle und Pleuel schwenkbarem Schneefanggitter welches auf einer Dachfläche, unterhalb von Solarkollektoren montiert ist.The Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an inventive snow guard with over drive shaft and connecting rod pivoting snow guard grille which is mounted on a roof surface, below solar panels.

Die Fig. 4a zeigt schematisch das Detail des Antriebsmechanismus für ein Schneefanggitter gemäß Fig. 4
Wesentlich besteht das erfindungsgemäße Schneefanggitter aus einer Struktur welche mindestens ein Profil 3 aufweist, das entlang seiner Längserstreckung, zueinander beabstandete und frei schwenkbar 3r gelagerte 3x Rückhaltelemente 3c aufweist. Dieses Profil 3 wird von einer Reihe von, gemäß einer zur Traufenlinie parallelen Geraden ausgerichteten, Armen 2 getragen welche gemäß einer wesentlich zur Neigung der Dachfläche C parallelen Drehachse 2x schwenkbar 2r gelagert sind. Die Arme 2 sind schwenkbar 2r an den Haltern 1a gelagert welche mittels Verankerungselemente 1 auf bekannte Art an der Dachfläche C, bzw. an der unter der Dacheindeckung liegenden Struktur, befestigt sind; die besagten Verankerungselemente 1 können auch mit den Haltern 1a einstückig sein. Mindestens einer der Arme 2 wird durch einen Motor M, durch einen pneumatischen oder hydraulischen Zylinder oder über ein Kabel, eine Kette oder eine Stange, angetrieben. Das Profil 3 ist an den oberen, mit einfachen Bohrungen oder mit Lagerhalterungen 2b versehenen, Enden der Arme 2 angelenkt 3z; durch Betätigung eines der Arme 2, z.B. mittels Motor M schwenkt 2r dieser Arm um die Drehachse 3x von der wesentlich vertikalen, aktiven Position in eine an der Dachfläche C anliegende passive Position, wobei das Profil 3 in Längsrichtung H und vertikal V in Richtung Dachfläche C bewegt wird. Das Profil 3 überträgt die Bewegung nach Art einer Pleuelstange auf alle verbundenen Arme 2 welche sich synchron mit dem motorisierten Arm 2 bewegen.The Fig. 4a schematically shows the detail of the drive mechanism for a snow guard according to Fig. 4
Essentially, the snow guards invention consists of a structure which has at least one profile 3, which has along its longitudinal extent, spaced apart and freely pivotally mounted 3r 3x retaining elements 3c. This profile 3 is supported by a series of, aligned according to a line parallel to the eaves line, arms 2 which are mounted according to a pivot axis 2 pivotally 2r parallel to the slope of the roof surface C parallel. The arms 2 are pivotally mounted on the holders 2r 2r which are fastened by means of anchoring elements 1 in a known manner to the roof surface C, or to the structure underlying the roofing; the said anchoring elements 1 can also be integral with the holders 1a. At least one of the arms 2 is driven by a motor M, by a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder or by a cable, a chain or a rod. The profile 3 is hinged to the upper, provided with simple holes or bearing supports 2b, ends of the arms 2 3z; by operating one of the arms 2, for example by means of motor M, this arm pivots about the axis of rotation 3x from the substantially vertical, active position into a passive position on the roof surface C, the profile 3 in the longitudinal direction H and vertical V in the direction of the roof surface C. is moved. The profile 3 transmits the movement in the manner of a connecting rod to all connected arms 2 which move synchronously with the motorized arm 2.

Die Rückhalteelemente 3a welche schwenkbar 3r am Profil 3 gelagert sind werden, sobald sie mit der Dachfläche C in Berührung kommen, frei geschwenkt 3r, um das vollständige Absenken V des Profils 3 in Richtung gegen die Dachfläche C zu ermöglichen.The retaining elements 3a which are pivotally mounted on the profile 3r 3 are, as soon as they come into contact with the roof surface C, 3r freely pivoted to allow the complete lowering V of the profile 3 in the direction against the roof surface C.

Die Erfindung schließt nicht aus, dass parallel zum Profil 3, vertikal beabstandet zu diesem, an den selben Armen 2 ein oder mehrere Profile 3, eventuell mit unterschiedlichem Querschnitt angelenkt sind. Gegebenenfalls können auch die Rückhalteelemente 3a an ihren unteren Enden durch ein oder mehrere Profile oder Stäbe, parallel zum Profil 3, verbunden sein.The invention does not exclude that parallel to the profile 3, vertically spaced from this, on the same arms 2, one or more profiles 3, possibly with are hinged to different cross section. Optionally, the retaining elements 3a may be connected at their lower ends by one or more profiles or bars, parallel to the profile 3.

Gemäß einer Weiterentwicklung des Erfindungsgedankens kann ein Schneefanggitter (Fig. 2, Fig. 3), welches geländerförmig ausgebildet ist und beispielsweise aus Armen 2a besteht welche radial von einer Welle 4 abstehen welche horizontal, parallel zur Traufenlinie gelagert ist und welche horizontale Stäbe 2c trägt, gemäß einer Achse 2y der Welle 4 an einer Reihe von, gemäß einer Geraden ausgerichteten, Lagerelementen 1b schwenkbar 2s gelagert sein, wobei die Lagerelemente mittels bekannter Verankerungselemente 1 an der Dachfläche befestigt sind. Die Welle 4 ist von einem Motor M angetrieben um das Gitter welches aus Armen 2a und Stäben 2c besteht in eine aktive wesentlich vertikale Position zur Dachfläche C und in eine passive, an der Dachfläche C anliegende, Position zu bewegen. Das Schneefanggitter welches wie oben beschrieben gehaltert und beweglich ist, eignet sich im Bereich der Dachrinne G, vorzugsweise in einer leicht unterhalb der Ebene der Dachfläche C liegenden Ebene, angebracht zu werden um in passiver Position als Schutz für die darunterliegenden Dachrinne zu wirken. In diesem Fall können die Trägerhaken 2g der Dachrinne G als Träger für die Welle 4 für die Betätigung des Schneefanggitters 2a, 2c dienen.According to a further development of the inventive concept, a snow guards ( Fig. 2, Fig. 3 ), which is railing-shaped and for example consists of arms 2a which protrude radially from a shaft 4 which is mounted horizontally, parallel to the eaves line and which carries horizontal rods 2c, according to an axis 2y of the shaft 4 at a series of, aligned according to a straight line , Bearing elements 1 b to be mounted pivotally 2 s, wherein the bearing elements are fastened by means of known anchoring elements 1 on the roof surface. The shaft 4 is driven by a motor M to move the grid consisting of arms 2a and bars 2c into an active substantially vertical position to the roof surface C and into a passive position abutting the roof surface C. The snow guard grille, which is supported and movable as described above, is suitable for being mounted in the region of the gutter G, preferably in a plane slightly below the plane of the roof surface C, in order to act in a passive position as protection for the underlying gutter. In this case, the carrier hooks 2g of the gutter G can serve as a support for the shaft 4 for the operation of the snow guard grid 2a, 2c.

Eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausführung (Fig. 4, 4a) sieht vor, dass die Gitterelemente 2g welche direkt oder mittels Haltearme an einer Welle 4 befestigt sind und zusammen mit dieser von einer aktiven in eine passive an der Dachfläche anliegende Position schwenkbar 2s sind, über eine Antriebswelle 5 und Pleuel 6 bewegt werden. Die Achse 2y der Welle 4 verläuft wesentlich parallel zur Traufenlinie und parallel zur Antriebswelle 5 welche zur Welle 4 mit den Gitterelementen 2g beabstandet an der Dachfläche C, z. B. unterhalb eines Solarkollektors S, gelagert ist. Von der Antriebswelle 5 stehen radial Laschen 5a ab an welchen eines der Enden eines Pleuels 6 mit Kröpfung im Bereich der Antriebswelle 5 angelenkt 5b ist, während das zweite Ende an den Gitterelementen 2g oder an den entsprechenden Haltearmen angelenkt 6b ist. Die Kröpfung 6a am Pleuel 6 ist derart ausgeformt dass die Anlenkung 5b, beim Schneefanggitter in aktiver Position sich jenseits des "toten Punktes" befindet und somit eine selbsthemmende Wirkung gegen das Bewegen des Gitters durch den Druck der Schneeschicht in die passive umgelegte Position, erzielt wird. Durch Drehen 5s der Antriebswelle 5 wird über die Pleuel 6 das von der Welle 4 abstehende Schneefanggitter betätigt 2s.A further embodiment according to the invention ( Fig. 4, 4a ) provides that the grid elements 2g which are fastened directly or by means of holding arms to a shaft 4 and are pivotable together with this from an active position to a passive contact with the roof surface are moved via a drive shaft 5 and connecting rod 6. The axis 2y of the shaft 4 extends substantially parallel to the eaves line and parallel to the drive shaft 5 which the shaft 4 with the grid elements 2g spaced on the roof surface C, z. B. below a solar collector S is stored. From the drive shaft 5 are radially tabs 5a from which one of the ends of a connecting rod 6 articulated with crank in the drive shaft 5 5b is, while the second end to the grid elements 2g or to the corresponding Holding arms hinged 6b is. The crank 6a on the connecting rod 6 is formed such that the linkage 5b, the snow guards in active position is beyond the "dead spot" and thus a self-locking effect against the movement of the grid by the pressure of the snow layer is achieved in the passive folded position , By turning 5s of the drive shaft 5, the snow guard grille projecting from the shaft 4 is actuated via the connecting rod 6 2s.

Claims (10)

  1. A snow guard consisting of at least one profile (3), rod (2c) or grille element (2g) which is supported by arms (2, 2a) that are pivotably secured to the roof surface (C) of a roof, wherein, by driving the pivotable (2r, 2s) arms (2, 2a), the snow guard can be moved from an active position projecting from the roof surface (C), which prevents sliding of the snow layer deposited above the snow guard, to a passive position bearing against the roof surface (C) for encouraging the spontaneous or provoked sliding of the snow layer, wherein the snow guard can assume intermediate positions for slowing and interrupting the sliding of the snow layer, characterized in that at least one of the arms (2, 2a) is driven by a motor (M), a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, a cable, a chain or a rod.
  2. The snow guard according to claim 1, characterized in that the snow guard consists of a series of arms (2) which, at their lower end, are mounted by means of brackets (1a) and/or anchoring elements (1) in such a way as to be pivotable (2r) about an axis (2x) running parallel to the slope of the roof surface, while at the upper end said arms are connected by at least one profile (3) or rod which runs substantially parallel to the eaves line, wherein the connection at the upper end of the arms (2) takes place by way of an articulation, the axis (2z) of which runs parallel to the rotation axis (2x) at the lower end of said arms (2).
  3. The snow guard according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the profile (3) or rod which connect the upper ends of the arms (2) in an articulated manner are provided with retaining elements (3a) which are spaced apart from one another and which are articulated in a freely pivotable (3r) manner, wherein the axis (3x) of the articulation run parallel to the bearing axes (2x) at the lower ends of the arms (2), and in that said retaining elements (3a) can be movably connected by means of pins to one or more rods or profiles which are arranged below and parallel to the rod or profile (3), wherein the axis of the pins are parallel to the bearing axes (2x).
  4. The snow guard according to claim 1, characterized in that the guard is mounted in such a way as to be pivotable (2s) from an active position projecting from the roof surface (C) to a passive position bearing against the roof surface (C) in the direction of the eaves line, wherein the guard structure consisting of arms (2a) and rods (2s) or of grille elements (2g) is mounted in such a way as to be pivotable about an axis (2y) parallel to the eaves line.
  5. The snow guard according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the guard structure (2a, 2c) consists of a shaft (4) which is mounted in such a way as to be pivotable (2s) about an axis (2y) parallel to the eaves line, said shaft being mounted in such a way as to be pivotable (2s) about an axis (2y) parallel to the eaves line by means of bearing elements (1b) and/or anchoring elements (1) which are fastened to the roof surface (C), of a series of arms (2a) which are oriented along a straight line and project radially from said shaft (4), said arms being fastened to the latter directly or by means of rings (4a), and of one or more rods (2c) supported by said arms (2a).
  6. The snow guard according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the guard structure consists of prefabricated grille elements (2g) which are mounted on the pivotable (2s) shaft (4) directly, along the longitudinal axis thereof, such that they project radially or by means of arms (2a) which project radially from the shaft (4).
  7. The snow guard according to claims from 1 to 6, characterized in that arms are mounted along a straight line parallel to the eaves line by means of bearing elements (1b) which are fastened to the roof surface (C), said arms being pivotable about a rotation axis (2y) parallel to the eaves line, and in that prefabricated grille elements (2g) or assembled guard structures are fastened to said arms.
  8. The snow guard according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the shaft (4) of the guard structure (2a, 2c, 2g) is mounted in the region of the eaves line, above the gutter (G), optionally on the hooks or securing elements of the gutter.
  9. The snow guard according to claims from 1 to 8, characterized in that the shaft (4) or arms, which are rotatable (2s) about an axis (2y) parallel to the eaves line and on which the grille elements (2g) or the guard structure (2a, 2c) is constructed, are driven directly, or in that these are driven via a separate drive shaft (5) which runs parallel to the axis (y) and which has projecting tabs (5a) and connecting rods (6) articulated (5b) thereon, said connecting rods being articulated (6b) at the opposite end on the arms (2a), the grille elements (2g) or on the guard structure.
  10. The snow guard according to claims from 1 to 9, characterized in that the connecting rods (6) are cranked in the region of the drive shaft (5) such that, together with the tab (5a) which projects from the drive shaft (5) and which has the articulation (5b), when the snow guard is in the active position, self-locking is achieved by rotating the articulation (5b) beyond the "dead point".
EP11000844.8A 2010-02-12 2011-02-03 Snow guard for roofs Active EP2357295B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000008A ITBZ20100008A1 (en) 2010-02-12 2010-02-12 PARANEOUS BARRIER FOR ROOFS

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EP2357295A1 EP2357295A1 (en) 2011-08-17
EP2357295B1 true EP2357295B1 (en) 2019-06-19
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014110986B4 (en) 2014-08-01 2016-04-14 Marco Gunkel Snow guard for holding a snow garment
US10954674B2 (en) 2018-05-08 2021-03-23 Gregory A. Header Heated snow guard
US10612243B2 (en) 2018-05-08 2020-04-07 Gregory A Header Heated snow guard

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US529774A (en) * 1894-11-27 John baird
US1230363A (en) * 1916-02-15 1917-06-19 William J Baird Snow-guard.
US6453623B1 (en) 2000-01-24 2002-09-24 Roofers - Annex Inc. Roof snow barrier
DE202005000694U1 (en) 2005-01-14 2005-04-07 Flender Fa Wilhelm Clamping arrangement for connecting snow collecting barriers on sloping roofs comprises a lower base part and a higher supporting body formed as a flat elements each having an angular foot

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Title
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