EP2347188A1

EP2347188A1 - Control device for ventilation and air conditioning systems

Info

Publication number: EP2347188A1
Application number: EP09759673A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Albert Bauer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 2008-11-17
Filing date: 2009-11-17
Publication date: 2011-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-17
Also published as: WO2010054851A1; EP2347188B1; US20110300790A1; US9086226B2; DE102008057787B3; ES2528053T3; EP2857766A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a control device for ventilation and air conditioning systems, comprising at least one or more rooms (32,34) or room zones; an inlet air channel (22) and room inlet air channels (22a) branching therefrom; an exhaust air channel (20) and room exhaust air channels (20 a) branching therefrom; an inlet ventilator (16) in the inlet air channel (22), controllable inlet air throttle flaps (14) for the inlet air flow in the room inlet air channel (20a); controllable exhaust air throttle flaps (12) for the exhaust air flow in the room exhaust air channel (22a). The invention includes a pressure sensor (38) that registers the room pressure in the room (32, 34) that is to be air conditioned, wherein the room pressure constitutes the direct guide parameter for the opening position of the inlet air throttle flap (14) and/or the exhaust air throttle flap (12).

Description

Regulating device for ventilation and air conditioning systems

10 The invention relates to a control device for ventilation systems, according to the type specified in claim 1.

To increase the comfort and to improve the indoor climate today widely used air conditioning systems. Thus, DE 19654542 C2 discloses an energy-saving form

15 of an air conditioning device. This has both a central supply air duct and a central exhaust duct, from which branch off the respective channels for the supply of the rooms or room zones. For a balanced air balance, the supply air flow and exhaust air flow are adjusted. This is regulated depending on climate parameters such as temperature, humidity and oxygen content. A supply air fan, depending on the difference between actual and

20 temperature of a room, the corresponding pressure to supply the rooms with air to

Available. The supply is done by a volume flow that can be set as required. As the document teaches the throttle valves are controlled for the supply air temperature dependent. The exhaust air dampers are coupled to or independent of the supply air dampers. In the event that the exhaust damper is independent of the control variable of the supply damper or this itself, goes

25 do not specify the font.

The paperback for "Heating and Air Conditioning", Recknagel, Sprenger, Schramek, Issue 67, Oldenburg Verlag Munich Vienna S.1043, p 1044, states that the regulation of air quantities by the use of volume flow controllers is to be realized. These control, depending on the set nominal current, the opening cross-section of their throttle valves and thus influence the amount of air flowing in. They are mounted analogously to the teaching of DE 19654 542 C2 both at the outlets of the supply air duct and those of the exhaust air duct If the volumetric flows of the exhaust air and the supply air less the leakage are the same, this arrangement allows

52,683 WO FK / fr a balanced air balance. This arrangement has the disadvantage that, depending on the number of rooms or room zones to be ventilated, it comprises a large number of volume flow controllers.

5 In addition, from the document "AIRFLOWCONTROL, Planning Manual, System Components for Air Distribution", p.11 -S.12, the company TROX Technik, room pressure controls are known, which are mainly used when a room specifically applied to positive or negative pressure For the room pressure control, the control variable pressure influences both the supply air and the exhaust air control indirectly, whereby a volume flow necessary for the pressure adjustment is determined the control variable requires the integration of a volumetric flow controller, which is very costly and maintenance intensive.

The present invention has for its object to provide a control device for a 15 air conditioning system, which allows a cost-effective and flexible air flow control for optimal air conditioning of a room.

The invention is based on the finding that 20 expensive volumetric flow controllers can be replaced by the clever interaction of supply and exhaust air control with common and cheap in the ventilation technology, often already installed components.

This object is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1 in conjunction with its preamble features.

25 Further advantageous embodiments of the invention form the subject of the dependent claims.

The arrangement comprises a ventilation system which has at least one supply air duct and at least one exhaust air duct. Each of these central channels branches into further channels, room air ducts or room exhaust ducts, into different rooms or room zones to be air-conditioned

30 off. The air supply is ensured by a supply air fan. At the respective Zu- and

Exhaust air outlets are controllable throttle valves, which are variable in their opening cross-section. According to the invention, the room pressure represents the direct reference variable for the opening cross-section of the respective supply air throttle valves and / or the exhaust air throttle valves of a room. The room pressure is in this case via a room pressure sensor located in the room to be ventilated

52,683 WO FK / fr added. If the actual value of the room pressure is below that of the setpoint value, then, for example, the opening cross section of the supply air throttle valves is increased, and / or the opening cross section of the exhaust air throttle valves is reduced.

5 This version is particularly advantageous, since the system design is significantly simplified by the room pressure as a direct reference variable. In conventional systems, the reference variable room pressure is converted into a reference variable volume flow. In this case, sensor technology is necessary both for detecting a first reference variable, the room pressure, and for controlling the second reference variable, the volume flow. By the control device according to the invention, the conventional design is significantly simplified because maintenance-intensive volumetric flow controllers are replaced by controllable throttle valves. As a result, the inventive solution is less costly and less maintenance intensive. Since a minimum pre-pressure for its functionality must prevail for a volumetric flow controller in its current configuration, this has a detrimental effect on the efficiency of such systems. From the fan additional pressure must be generated, which would not be necessary for the air budget 5, but only as a framework for the

Volume flow controller is necessary. Due to the advantageous embodiment of the ventilation system according to the invention, the pressure requirement and thus also the power to be applied for it, with the same air balance, is reduced. In particular, the ventilation system is designed as an air conditioning system. This has the advantage that in addition to the air pressure and the climatic conditions of the room can be tailored.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the exhaust air can be sucked off 5 via an exhaust fan. This makes it possible to create a negative pressure in the room. In addition, according to the needs, a target exhaust air amount can be set, for example, at high pollution. In this case, the exhaust fan is regulated according to the set exhaust air quantity.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a minimum adjustable opening angle is provided for the supply air throttle. The opening angle is artificially set to a minimum position, wherein the opening angle is greater than when the supply air throttle valve is closed. The opening cross-section is determined at minimum supply air fan speed. This ensures that every room or room zone is supplied with a necessary minimum of fresh air at all times. 52,683 WO FK / fr In particular, the supply air dampers of the supply air duct are adjustable in their maximum opening angle. Since the system dispenses with volumetric flow controllers, any volumetric flows can generally arise, for example in the case of an air-conditioning system with a large temperature difference. Around

In order to avoid this, during commissioning of the system, the respective supply air throttle valves, in addition to their minimum opening angle, a maximum opening angle at maximum allowable supply fan speed are assigned. In this way, the maximum possible volume flow is advantageously limited. This offers the advantage of a comfortable room climate with maximum speed of the climate control, since the volume flow can not oversteer.

10

Also advantageous is a determination of the limits of the supply air throttle position and the exhaust throttle position, both in their maximum and in their minimum deflection in the sense of hydraulic balancing, depending on the channel resistance. For example, with increasing channel resistance, depending on the distance of the throttle valve to the supply air, the

15 minimum opening angle of the supply air dampers closer to the supply air fan are smaller than those of the farthest. The minimum limits of the opening cross sections are set with minimum fan power. This applies analogously to the exhaust throttle valves.

According to this example, the maximum opening cross-sections of the remote / unfavorable 20 lying intake air throttle valves are greater than those of the closer / low lying to the supply air fan. The maximum open positions are determined at maximum fan power. In this way, the pressure losses on the channel resistance is taken into account and it is taken care in an advantageous manner for a uniform air flow distribution care. Through this optimization, a control can be accomplished according to the required parameters with a minimum volume flow. This in turn has a cost-reducing effect on the design and operation of the system.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a first climate controller is provided, which cooperates with at least one supply air throttle and the climate sensor. The first climate controller is given a desired value for the respective room, which it compares with the value of the climate sensor in the room 30 and accordingly determines the opening cross section of the supply air throttle. This sets the supply air volume. This offers the advantage of an individual setting of the climatic conditions for each individual room or room zone.

52,683 WO FK / fr In addition, a second climate controller can be provided, which cooperates with all climate sensors from all rooms and the supply air fan. The controller determines by means of a procedure how, on the basis of the setpoint and actual values of the climate sensors of the respective rooms, the speed or the power of the supply air fan is set variably. This has the advantage that sufficient duct pressure is available to ensure the regulations in the individual rooms or room zones.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a first pressure regulator is provided, which interacts with at least one exhaust throttle valve and a pressure sensor located in the space. Depending on a desired value desired for the room, the first pressure controller regulates the exhaust air flow by specifying the opening cross section of the exhaust air flap. It is advantageous that the exhaust air flow and the room pressure for each room is individually adjustable.

In addition, the control device may include a third pressure regulator, which cooperates with the room pressure sensor and at least one supply air throttle. This has the advantage that the supply air flow can also be regulated depending on the pressure.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a second pressure regulator is provided, which cooperates with the pressure sensors of all rooms and room zones and the exhaust fan. The second controller uses a procedure to determine the power or speed of the exhaust fan. This depends on the value that the room pressure sensors deliver, as well as the pressure setpoint value of all rooms and room zones. The advantage of this is that thus the necessary exhaust fan power is available to compensate for all rooms accordingly.

In a further advantageous embodiment, a fourth pressure regulator is provided, which influences the supply air fan. The values of the room pressure sensors and the setpoint pressure values assigned to the room are transmitted to these. If a desired room pressure is not possible due to climate-dependent regulation of the supply air fan, the exhaust air throttle valves and the exhaust fan, the supply air fan is additionally influenced by the fourth pressure regulator. This is primarily necessary if the room climate is balanced and at the same time an overpressure in the room is to be generated. In this case, it is not sufficient that the exhaust air throttle valves are completely closed and the

Supply air butterfly valves are completely open. Additional pressure from the supply air fan must be generated. Particularly advantageous in this embodiment is that despite a desired indoor climate still overpressure in the room can be generated, which is used, inter alia, for clean rooms.

52,683 WO FK / fr According to a further advantageous embodiment, the first and third pressure regulator, as well as the second and fourth pressure regulator form a structural unit.

Particularly advantageous is a further embodiment in which all the aforementioned controllers are part of a central processing unit 5 of the system. This regulates optimally the throttle valve positions and fan powers depending on all available parameters.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the climate sensor comprises sensors for temperature and / or humidity and / or oxygen content and / or other gases / 0 pollutants. Thus, the climate of a room can be adjusted on the basis of climate-relevant parameters. The advantage here is a particularly comfortable room climate.

As an alternative to these embodiments, in principle, the air volume control instead of the pressure can be realized as a direct reference variable on the density as a reference variable. The density can be determined, for example, by means of a density meter, or by calculation from the state variables of the room air.

Further advantages, features and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description in conjunction with the embodiment shown in the drawing.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the embodiment shown in the drawing. In the description, the claims, the abstract and the drawings, the terms and associated reference numerals used in the list of reference numerals below are used. In the drawing mean:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of the control device with a temperature sensor, and0

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the control device with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

52,683 WO FKAfr Fig. 1 shows the more or less schematic representation of a designated by the reference numeral 10 control device for an air conditioning system.

As shown, the system has a central supply air duct 22, as well as branching 5 room air ducts 22a. Analogously, the apparatus has a central exhaust air duct 20 and the room exhaust air ducts 20a branching off from it. In the supply air duct 22 is the supply air fan 16, in the exhaust duct 20 of the exhaust fan 18. In addition, the rooms to be conditioned 32, 34 are shown. In the room exhaust ducts 20a are each the exhaust throttle valves 12, in the Raumzuluftkanälen 22a, the supply air throttles 14. In the rooms 32, 34 are the 10 room pressure sensor 38, and the room climate sensor 36, which is formed in this case as a temperature sensor.

In each case a room climate sensor 36 is in operative connection with a first associated climate controller 28, which in turn is in operative connection with the supply air throttle valve 14. schematically

15 is shown in addition, a respective first pressure regulator 30, with the associated

Room pressure sensor 38 and the exhaust throttle valve 12 is in operative connection. Furthermore, a second pressure regulator 26 is provided, which is connected to all room pressure sensors 38 in all rooms 32, 34 or room zones, as well as to the exhaust fan 18. In addition, a second climate controller 24 is shown, which is connected to all indoor climate sensors 36 and the supply air fan 16.

20

Furthermore, a third pressure regulator 40 is provided, which is connected to the respective supply air throttle valve 14 and the corresponding room pressure sensor 38, and a fourth pressure regulator 42, which is in operative connection with the supply air fan 16 and the room pressure sensors 38 in operative connection.

25 The rooms 32, 34 is an example of a climate size, each associated with an actual temperature Tist and a target temperature Ts _o ii. Furthermore, the chambers 32, 34 an actual pressure Pistund assigned to a target pressure Psoii. The actual temperature Ts _s t is read out via the climate sensor 36 located in the room 32, 34. This is transmitted as a desired temperature Tsoii for the corresponding room 32, 34 both to the first climate controller 28, and to the second climate controller 24. The one in a room 32,

30 34 prevailing actual pressure Pι _s t is read out via the pressure sensor 38, and transmitted to the desired pressure Ps _o ii to the first pressure regulator 30, to the second pressure regulator 26, and to the third Druckregeier 40 and the fourth pressure regulator 42 ,

52,683 WO FK / fr The first climate controller 24 determines the opening cross-section of the respective room air flap 14. The second climate controller 24, depending on Tι _s T and Tsoii, which are transmitted to this, for a corresponding control of the supply air fan 16. The supply air fan 16 is controlled so that the necessary amount of air or the necessary air pressure is provided so that the climate 5 of the space 32, 34 is optimally compensated with the largest difference.

The first pressure regulator 30 determines in each case the opening angle of the exhaust throttle valve 12 of the respective space 32, 34. The second pressure regulator 26 determines depending on the transmitted Psoii and Pist values of the individual rooms 32, 34 the necessary speed of the exhaust fan 18. 0

The third pressure regulator 40 controls the supply air throttle position depending on the pressure requirement of the room. The fourth pressure regulator 42 influences the power of the supply air fan 16 as a function of the pressure requirement of all rooms 32, 34.

FIG. 2 shows the more or less schematic representation of a control device, designated by the reference numeral 10, for an air-conditioning system, for the air-conditioning of rooms 32, 34.

As shown, the air conditioning system has a central supply air duct 22 and room air ducts 22a branching off from it. Similarly, lead from all rooms 32, 34 0 room exhaust ducts 20a, and open into a central exhaust duct 20. In the central supply air duct 22, a supply air fan 16, in the central exhaust duct 20, an exhaust fan 18 is provided. In the room exhaust air ducts 20a are each an exhaust throttle 12, in the Raumzuluftkanälen 22a, each an intake throttle 14. In the rooms 32, 34, a room pressure sensor 38, and a room climate sensor 36 are mounted, wherein a room climate sensor 36 in this embodiment ein5 temperature sensor and a humidity sensor includes.

The rooms 32, 34 are exemplary for a climate size, each an actual temperature Tι _s t and a target temperature Tsoii, as well as an actual humidity Fi _St and a target humidity F _SO ιι assigned. Furthermore, the chambers 32, 34 an actual pressure Pistund assigned to a target pressure Psoii. The actual temperature T _is t and the actual humidity Fι _st is read out via the, located in the room 32, 34 climate sensor 36. These are like the target temperature Tsoii and the target humidity F _SO ιι for the corresponding room 32, 34 transmitted both to a first climate controller 28, as well as to a second climate controller 24. For each a room climate sensor 36 is connected to a first associated air conditioner 28, which in turn is in operative connection with the supply air throttle valve 14.

52,683 WO FK / fr The first climate controller 28 determines the opening cross-section of the respective room air flap 14. The second climate controller 24, depending on Tι _s t and Tsoii, and Fj _S t and F _∞ ιι for a corresponding control of the supply air fan 16. The supply air fan 16 is controlled so that the necessary amount of air or the necessary air pressure is provided to optimally balance the climate of that space 32, 34 which has the largest difference of a climate variable, temperature or humidity. The temperature and humidity is then adjusted individually for each room by means of the supply air throttle valves 14, which are controlled by the first climate vulture 28.

The prevailing in a space 32, 34 actual pressure Pι _s t is read out via the pressure sensor 38, and transmitted to the setpoint pressure Psoii to all pressure regulators 30, 26, 40, 42.

A first pressure regulator 30 is in operative connection with the associated room pressure sensor 38 and the exhaust air throttle valve 12. A second pressure regulator 26 is connected to all room pressure sensors 38 in all rooms 32, 34 or room zones, as well as to the exhaust fan 18.

The first pressure regulator 30 regulates the opening angle of the associated exhaust throttle valve 12 of the respectively assigned space 32, 34. A second pressure regulator 26 determines the necessary speed of the exhaust fan 18 as a function of the transmitted Psoii and Pist values of the individual spaces 32, 34.

There is a third pressure regulator 40 is provided, which is connected to the associated supply air throttle valve 14 and the corresponding room pressure sensor 38. Furthermore, a fourth pressure regulator 42 is provided, which is in operative connection with the supply air fan 16 and all room pressure sensors 38 in operative connection.

The third pressure regulator 40 regulates the position of the supply air throttle valves 14 depending on the pressure requirement of the room. The fourth pressure regulator 42 influences the power of the supply air fan 16 as a function of the pressure requirement of all rooms 32, 34.

Since the speed of the supply air fan 16 are influenced by both the second air conditioner 24 and the fourth pressure regulator 42, the greater required speed is always set. Also, the setting of the respective intake throttle is from both the first climate controller and the third

52,683 WO FK / fr Pressure regulator 40 influenced. Here, the demand of the climate controller is prioritized for different demands and controls the pressure control via the exhaust air damper.

All regulators 24, 26, 28, 30, 40, 42 are part of a computing unit 44. This promotes short processing times and the compactness of the controller design, as well as their interoperability.

In this way, the air budget of a room 32, 34, which is influenced by various control variables set. An advantage of this arrangement is that the exhaust air flow can be controlled independently of the supply air flow conditions. In this case, the control of the throttle 12.0 14 takes place in direct dependence on the output signal of a room 32, 34 attached

Room pressure sensor 38, which saves additional sensors and control mechanisms. Thus, a particular advantage in the cost-effective speed of the control device 10th

52,683 WO FK / fr LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 control device for ventilation systems

12 exhaust throttle flap

14 Supply air flap

16 supply air fan

18 exhaust fan

20 exhaust duct

20a room exhaust duct

22 supply air duct

22a room air duct

24 Second climate controller

26 Second pressure regulator

28 First Climate Controller

30 First pressure regulator

32 room 1

34 room 2

36 room climate sensor

38 room pressure sensor

40 Third pressure regulator

42 Fourth pressure regulator

44 arithmetic unit

52,683 WO FK / fr

Claims

P a n t a n s p r e c h e

10 1. Control device for ventilation and air conditioning systems, comprising at least:

- One or more rooms to be ventilated (32, 34) or room zones;

- A supply air duct (22), as well as branching room air ducts (22a);

- An exhaust duct (20), as well as branching off Raumabuftkanäle (20 a);

a supply air fan (16) in the supply air duct (22),

15 - controllable supply air throttle valves (14) for the supply air flow in the room air duct (20a);

- Controllable exhaust throttle valves (12) for the exhaust air flow in the room exhaust duct (22a), characterized in that a pressure sensor (38) is provided, which detects the room pressure in the space to be ventilated (32, 34), wherein the room pressure is the direct reference variable for the open position the supply air throttle valve (14) and / or the exhaust air throttle valve (12)

20 forms.

2. Control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the air conditioning system is designed as an air conditioning system and the rooms (32, 34) room climate sensors (36). 25

3. Control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an exhaust fan (18) in the exhaust duct (20) is provided.

4. Control device according to claim 3, characterized in that the exhaust fan (18) 30 is regulated in dependence on a desired exhaust air quantity.

5. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply air throttle valve (14) is adjustable to a minimum passage position.

52,683 WO FK / fr

6. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply air throttle valve (14) is adjustable to a maximum passage position.

7. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the limits of the passage position of the supply air throttle valves (12) and

Exhaust throttle valves (14) are defined as a function of the channel resistance in the sense of hydraulic balancing.

8. Control device according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 7, characterized in that a first climate controller (28) is provided, which cooperates with at least one associated supply air throttle valve (14) and the respective room climate sensor (36).

9. Control device according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 8, characterized in that a second climate controller (24) is provided, which with the

Supply air fan (16) and the room climate sensors (36) of the spaces (32, 34) cooperates.

10. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first pressure regulator (30) is provided, which cooperates with at least one associated exhaust throttle valve (12) and the respective pressure sensor (38).

11. Control device according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that a second pressure regulator (26) is provided which cooperates with the exhaust fan (18) and the room pressure sensors (38) of the spaces (32, 34).

12. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a third pressure regulator (40) is provided which cooperates with at least one associated supply air throttle valve (14) and the room pressure sensor (36) in the space (32, 34).

13. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fourth pressure regulator (42) with the supply air fan (16) and the room pressure sensors (38) of the spaces (32, 34) cooperates.

52,683 WO FK / fr

14. Control device according to claim 11 and 13, characterized in that the second pressure regulator (26) and the fourth pressure regulator (42) form a structural unit.

15. Control device according to claim 10 and 12, and in particular 13 and 14, characterized

5 characterized in that the first pressure regulator (30) and the third pressure regulator (40) a

Form building unit.

16. Control device according to one of the preceding claims 2 to 15, characterized in that the room climate sensor (36) is designed as a sensor for temperature and / or 0 humidity and / or oxygen content and / or other gases / pollutants.

17. Control device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all regulators (24, 26, 28, 30, 40, 42) are parts of a common arithmetic unit (44)

18. Control device according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized in that a sensor unit is provided which detects the gas density in the space to be ventilated (32, 34), wherein the density of the direct reference variable for the opening position of the supply air throttle valve (14) and / or the exhaust throttle valve (12) forms. 0

19. A control device according to claim 18, characterized in that the sensor unit is designed to measure meherer state variables from which the gas density can be calculated. 20 20. A control device according to claim 18, characterized in that the sensor unit comprises a gas density sensor which determines the gas density directly.

52,683 WO FK / fr