EP2346631A1 - Method and device for controlling the solidification of a cast strand in a strand casting plant in startup of the injection process - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling the solidification of a cast strand in a strand casting plant in startup of the injection process

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Publication number
EP2346631A1
EP2346631A1 EP09748050A EP09748050A EP2346631A1 EP 2346631 A1 EP2346631 A1 EP 2346631A1 EP 09748050 A EP09748050 A EP 09748050A EP 09748050 A EP09748050 A EP 09748050A EP 2346631 A1 EP2346631 A1 EP 2346631A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
software
data
casting process
strand
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Granted
Application number
EP09748050A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2346631B1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Plociennik
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Siemag AG
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Publication of EP2346631A1 publication Critical patent/EP2346631A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for casting a cast strand in a continuous casting plant equipped with a process computer with at least one casting machine, wherein the process computer comprises a first software that calculates in real time and controls the casting process.
  • the solidification is achieved by the primary cooling of the steel in the mold and the secondary cooling in the region of the strand guide.
  • water or a water-air mixture is injected under pressure in the remaining between the strand guide rollers areas directly on the strand shell; As a result, heat is withdrawn from the strand.
  • the course of the solidification can be divided into different phases.
  • a thin strand shell solidifies with a thickness of a few millimeters, which is characterized by a fine-grained structure. Due to the high solidification rate, differences in the chemical composition due to diffusion can not practically be compensated. Therefore, the composition of the alloying elements in the strand shell deviates from the proportions of the respective elements in the melt. For example, some elements accumulate in the melt.
  • a phase of directional dendritic solidification begins with the major axes of the dendrites aligned along the heat flow direction. Again, the solidification rate is still so high that some alloying elements continue to accumulate in the residual melt. Part of the enriched melt remains between the dendrite arms, so that the chemical composition of the solidified strand shell can change within short distances.
  • the fluidity of the solidifying residual melt prevent the geometric relationships between the growing strand shells from a certain time, ie when reaching the so-called critical sump diameter, the further exchange of the melt.
  • this object is achieved in a method of the kind described in the introduction.
  • This type of solution was solved in that a second additional, rapidly calculating software in the process computer simulates the casting process during the initial phase of a new casting process or during a parameter change of the cast strand to be cast during the current process, by the second software currently obtaining data from the current casting Processes and / or stored data from a database processed and generates correction factors, with the help of which the second software generates corrected target data for the casting process, up to the time from which the casting process is displayed in full with the calculated real-time data and the first software only with these data the pouring process regulates.
  • the productivity is increased by already in the first cast meters can be given the values or ranges of values of the cast strand specified for the current operation. This is achieved by installing additional software parallel to the real-time compute first software, the second high-speed software to generate the setpoint data at the start of the process or when changing process parameters such as the thickness and width of the casting strand.
  • the task of the second software is to use the process parameters and the nominal values (target temperature, nominal position of the critical sump diameter or the target sump tip) to determine the necessary quantities of coolant (quantities of water) at the start of casting or when switching on the controller. This is particularly important because the setpoints are strongly influenced by the current process parameters such as the actual analysis, the superheat of the melt, the current coolant temperature of the coolant (water) of the secondary cooling and the heat dissipation in the mold.
  • the second software uses both process parameters and nominal sizes of the casting process.
  • CMD critical sump diameter
  • Larger strand cross-sections are to be understood in particular those of more than 200 mm.
  • temperatures of the molten metal in the tundish, in the casting mold, amounts of cooling water for cooling the mold and the secondary cooling area and cooling water temperatures of the cooling water for cooling the mold and in the secondary cooling area are preferably used as process parameters.
  • a third software for the data transfer between the continuous casting machine and the first and the second software causes after switching on the first and the second
  • the target data for the continuous casting process would be generated exclusively using data stored in the database.
  • the second software comprises a database with stored process data, which is generated by means of a simulation or repfay process.
  • the second software uses a modified simulation or replay function to reduce the dead time until the first software is used.
  • a device for measuring the strand length of the cast strand measures and that when a predetermined strand length is exceeded, the replay function can be switched on.
  • the invention is realized as a software solution for improving the functions of a known per se computer of a continuous casting with at least one continuous casting mold.
  • the invention can alternatively also be in the form of an additional computer or one with additional working Save equipped computer can be realized.
  • the invention also relates to a device for controlling the casting process in a continuous casting plant with a control device calculating in real time for carrying out a process, as described above.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized in that it has a high-speed computer for the provision of desired data and process data in the initial phase of the casting process or when changing the metal or metal alloy to be cast during the current casting process and that the controller instead of the real-time calculated data that of the Speed calculator provided data provided.
  • the device comprises a database with stored process data, wherein the high-speed computer by means of a simulation function
  • (Replay function) subsequently simulates the course of a casting process.
  • the process data stored in the database can be used during the initial phase of the casting process or during a change within the current casting process by the control device.
  • the software 1 determines a current correction factor 6 for the specific coolant application during the initial phase of the casting process; the correction factor 6 is forwarded via the interface 5 to the circuit part for calculation with the software 2. This then generates target data 7 for the amount of coolant, in particular the amount of water, and sends them via the interface 5 to the casting strand 4. All data is transmitted to a database 8.
  • the software 1 extracts data 9 from previous casting processes, which can be utilized for the regulation of the initial phase of the casting process currently taking place and which are output to the software 1 via the data interface 5.
  • this is possible and necessary if, for example, due to an operating error, the computer system, with the exception of the data interface 5 and the software associated with the data interface parts 5, was not turned on for a while. Then, when the computer is turned on, the software 2 first takes the necessary data from the database 8, which are provided via the data interface 5 available.
  • Modified replay functions allow the operator of the continuous casting plant to simulate castings that have been carried out in the past. This is done by means of the stored in the database 8 process data.
  • Another way to reduce rejects or quality degradation of continuously cast material is to use a modified replay function if the software 1 and / or software 2 of the computer were turned on too late.
  • the modified replay function makes it possible to reduce the dead time until the calculation process starts with the software 1, 2, in that the simulation is not performed in real time, but at maximum computing speed.

Abstract

A method for casting a cast strand (4) in a continuous casting installation equipped with a process computer and having at least one casting machine, the process computer comprising a first software (2), which computes in real time and regulates the casting process, is characterized in that a second additional fast-computing software (1) in the process computer controls the casting process during the initial phase of a newly starting casting process or when there is a change in parameters of the cast strand to be cast during the ongoing process, in that the second software (1) processes currently gained data from the ongoing casting process and/or processes stored data from a database (8) and generates correction factors, with the help of which the second software (1) generates corrected target data for the casting process, until the time when the casting process is represented completely using the data calculated in real time, and the first software (2) regulates the casting process using only these data.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Erstarrung eines Gießstrangs in einer Stranggießanlage beim Anfahren des Gießprozesses Method and device for controlling the solidification of a cast strand in a continuous casting plant when starting the casting process
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Gießen eines Gießstrangs in einer mit einem Prozessrechner ausgestatteten Stranggießanlage mit mindestens einer Gießmaschine, wobei der Prozessrechner eine erste Software um- fasst, die in Echtzeit rechnet und den Gießprozess regelt.The invention relates to a method for casting a cast strand in a continuous casting plant equipped with a process computer with at least one casting machine, wherein the process computer comprises a first software that calculates in real time and controls the casting process.
Beim Stranggießen von Stahl wird die Erstarrung durch die Primärkühlung des Stahls in der Kokille und die Sekundärkühlung im Bereich der Strangführung erreicht. Innerhalb der Strangführung wird Wasser oder ein Wasser-Luft- Gemisch unter Druck in den zwischen den Strangführungsrollen freibleibenden Bereichen direkt auf die Strangschale gespritzt; dadurch wird dem Strang Wär- me entzogen. Der Verlauf der Erstarrung lässt sich in verschiedene Phasen einteilen. In der Kokille erstarrt zunächst eine dünne Strangschale mit einer Stärke von einigen Millimetern, die sich durch ein feinkörniges Gefüge auszeichnet. Wegen der hohen Erstarrungsgeschwindigkeit können Unterschiede in der chemischen Zusammensetzung durch Diffusion praktisch nicht ausgegli- chen werden. Deshalb weicht die Zusammensetzung der Legierungselemente in der Strangschale von den Anteilen der jeweiligen Elemente in der Schmelze ab. Beispielsweise reichern sich einige Elemente in der Schmelze an.In the continuous casting of steel, the solidification is achieved by the primary cooling of the steel in the mold and the secondary cooling in the region of the strand guide. Within the strand guide water or a water-air mixture is injected under pressure in the remaining between the strand guide rollers areas directly on the strand shell; As a result, heat is withdrawn from the strand. The course of the solidification can be divided into different phases. In the mold initially a thin strand shell solidifies with a thickness of a few millimeters, which is characterized by a fine-grained structure. Due to the high solidification rate, differences in the chemical composition due to diffusion can not practically be compensated. Therefore, the composition of the alloying elements in the strand shell deviates from the proportions of the respective elements in the melt. For example, some elements accumulate in the melt.
Mit zunehmender Dicke der Strangschale verschlechtert sich der Wärmetrans- port vom flüssigen Stahl im Strangkern durch die Strangschale nach außen. Es beginnt eine Phase der gerichteten dendritischen Erstarrung, wobei die Hauptachsen der Dendriten entlang der Wärmeflussrichtung ausgerichtet sind. Auch hier ist die Erstarrungsgeschwindigkeit noch so hoch, dass sich einige Legierungselemente in der Restschmelze weiter anreichern. Ein Teil der angereicher- ten Schmelze bleibt zwischen den Dendritenarmen zurück, so dass sich die chemische Zusammensetzung der erstarrten Strangschale innerhalb kurzer Abstände ändern kann. In Abhängigkeit von der Fließfähigkeit der erstarrenden Restschmelze verhindern die geometrischen Verhältnisse zwischen den wachsenden Strangschalen ab einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt, d. h. bei Erreichen des sogenannten kritischen Sumpfdurchmessers, den weiteren Austausch der Schmelze. Mit dem Verfahren der Weichreduktion, der sogenannten „Soft Re- duction", wie sie beispielsweise bereits aus der EP 0450 391 B1 bekannt ist, steht jedoch eine Methode zur Verminderung unerwünschter Seigerungseffekte zur Verfügung. Hierbei wird die Strangdicke im Bereich der Enderstarrung durch äußere Kräfte zusätzlich zur thermischen Schrumpfung reduziert, um so die verstärkte Volumenreduktion des flüssigen Strangkerns auszugleichen und das Ansaugen angereicherter Restschmelze zu verhindern.With increasing thickness of the strand shell, the heat transfer from the liquid steel in the strand core through the strand shell deteriorates to the outside. A phase of directional dendritic solidification begins with the major axes of the dendrites aligned along the heat flow direction. Again, the solidification rate is still so high that some alloying elements continue to accumulate in the residual melt. Part of the enriched melt remains between the dendrite arms, so that the chemical composition of the solidified strand shell can change within short distances. Depending on the fluidity of the solidifying residual melt prevent the geometric relationships between the growing strand shells from a certain time, ie when reaching the so-called critical sump diameter, the further exchange of the melt. However, a method for reducing undesired segregation effects is available with the method of soft reduction, the so-called "soft reduction", as already known from EP 0450 391 B1, for example, in which the strand thickness in the area of final solidification is determined by external forces in addition to thermal shrinkage, so as to compensate for the increased volume reduction of the liquid strand core and to prevent the suction of enriched residual melt.
Aus dem Aufsatz „Soft Reduction von Knüppeln auf der Stranggießanlage SO der Saarstahl AG" (stahl und eisen 127 (2007) Nr. 2, Seiten 43 - 50, ist ein Ver- fahren bekannt, durch das mit geringem Aufwand die Wirkung der Soft Reduction, d. h. der Weichreduktion, auf die Innenqualität des Gießstrangs beurteilt werden kann. Dazu werden im Bereich der Sekundärkühlung alle diejenigen Rollen angehoben, die an der Soft Reduction beteiligt sind oder sich hinter dem Bereich der Soft Reduction befinden. Aus diesem Aufsatz ist es ferner bekannt, mit Hilfe mathematisch-physikalischer Modelle die Temperatur, die Sumpfspitze oder die Position des kritischen Sumpfdurchmessers zu regeln. Stellgrößen für die Regelvorgänge sind die Wassermenge der Sekundärkühlung und die Gießgeschwindigkeit.From the essay "Soft Reduction of billets on the continuous casting plant SO of the Saarstahl AG" (Stahl und Eisen 127 (2007) No. 2, pages 43 - 50, a method is known, by which the effect of soft reduction ie the soft reduction, which can be judged on the internal quality of the cast strand by raising all the rolls involved in soft reduction or behind the soft reduction area in the area of secondary cooling. using mathematical-physical models to regulate the temperature, the sump tip or the position of the critical sump diameter The control variables for the control processes are the water quantity of the secondary cooling and the casting speed.
Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Produktivität bei der Herstellung eines Gießstrangs zu verbessern, indem schon, nachdem erst wenige Meter einer Brammen, eines Vorblocks oder Knüppels eines Metallstrangs gegossen worden sind, die gewünschten Materialbedingungen eingehalten werden.It is the object of the invention to improve the productivity in the production of a cast strand by already after only a few meters of a slab, a billet or billet of a metal strand have been poured, the desired material conditions are met.
Erfindungsgemäß wird dieser Aufgabe bei einem Verfahren der eingangs ge- nannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass eine zweite zusätzliche, schnell rechnende Software in dem Prozessrechner den Gießprozess während der Anfangsphase eines neu einsetzenden Gießprozesses oder bei einer Parameteränderung des zu gießenden Gießstrangs während des laufenden Prozesses beeiπflusst, indem die zweite Software aktuell gewonnene Daten aus dem laufenden Gieß- prozess und/oder gespeicherte Daten aus einer Datenbank verarbeitet und Korrekturfaktoren erzeugt, mit deren Hilfe die zweite Software korrigierte Solldaten für den Gießprozess erzeugt, bis zu dem Zeitpunkt, ab dem der Gießprozess mit den in Echtzeit errechneten Daten vollständig dargestellt wird und die erste Software ausschließlich mit diesen Daten den Gießprozess regelt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a method of the kind described in the introduction. This type of solution was solved in that a second additional, rapidly calculating software in the process computer simulates the casting process during the initial phase of a new casting process or during a parameter change of the cast strand to be cast during the current process, by the second software currently obtaining data from the current casting Processes and / or stored data from a database processed and generates correction factors, with the help of which the second software generates corrected target data for the casting process, up to the time from which the casting process is displayed in full with the calculated real-time data and the first software only with these data the pouring process regulates.
Auf diese Weise gelingt es, die Länge des üblicherweise als nicht verwertbar verworfenen Strangmaterials zu reduzieren, insbesondere in der Anfahrphase des Gießprozesses. Herkömmlich ist oft eine Stranglänge von bis zu 25 m einer Bramme oder eines Vorblocks nicht verwertbar. Berücksichtigt man, dass viel- fach bis zu sechs Stränge von Vorbföcken oder zwei Stränge von Brammen parallel gegossen und gerichtet werden, ergibt sich daraus nach dem Stand der Technik ein Verlust einer gesamten Vorblocklänge von 150 m, der durch die Erfindung vermieden wird..In this way, it is possible to reduce the length of the usually rejected as unusable strand material, especially in the start-up phase of the casting process. Conventionally, a strand length of up to 25 m of a slab or a billet often can not be used. Taking into account that in many cases up to six strands of billets or two strands of slabs are poured and straightened in parallel, the prior art results in a loss of a total billet length of 150 m, which is avoided by the invention.
Da man jedoch in der Anfahrphase mindestens die Länge des Bereichs der Sekundärkühlung des Gießstrangs benötigt, bis die für die reguläre Ermittlung der Solldaten, wie beispielsweise der Menge des Kühlwassers, eingesetzte, in Echtzeit rechnende erste Software des Anlagenrechners die Regelgröße überprüfen kann, und da weitere Zeit vergeht, bis die Regelgröße eingehalten wer- den kann, wird gemäß der Erfindung eine zweite Software in demselben Anlagenrechner eingesetzt, um auf diese Weise die erforderlichen Regelparameter von außen zuführen zu können, so dass im Unterschied zum Stand der Technik nahezu ab Beginn des Gießprozesses, d. h. ab dem Entstehen eines Gießstrangs unterhalb der Gießkokille, kein nicht verwertbares Strangmaterial mehr anfällt. Durch die Erfindung wird die Produktivität gesteigert, indem schon in den ersten gegossenen Metern die für den laufenden Betrieb vorgegebenen Werte oder Wertbereiche des gegossenen Strangs eingehalten werden können. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, dass parallel zu der in Echtzeit rechnenden ersten Software eine weitere Software installiert wird, die schnell rechnende zweite Software zur Erzeugung der Solldaten zu Prozessbeginn oder beim Wechsel von Prozessparametern, wie der Dicke und Breite des Gießstrangs.However, since at least the length of the secondary cooling area of the cast strand is required in the start-up phase until the first software of the system computer used for the regular determination of the target data, for example the amount of cooling water, can calculate the controlled variable in real-time, and others Time passes until the controlled variable can be maintained, according to the invention, a second software is used in the same system computer, in order to be able to supply the required control parameters from the outside, so that in contrast to the prior art almost from the beginning of the casting process , ie from the emergence of a casting strand below the casting mold, no unusable strand material more accumulates. By the invention, the productivity is increased by already in the first cast meters can be given the values or ranges of values of the cast strand specified for the current operation. This is achieved by installing additional software parallel to the real-time compute first software, the second high-speed software to generate the setpoint data at the start of the process or when changing process parameters such as the thickness and width of the casting strand.
Die Aufgabe der zweiten Software besteht darin, mit den Prozessparametern und den Sollgrößen (Soll-Temperatur, Soll-Position des kritischen Sumpfdurchmessers oder der Soll-Sumpfspitze) beim Gießstart oder beim Einschalten der Regelung schon die notwendigen Kühlmittelmengen (Wassermengen) zu ermitteln. Dies ist besonders wichtig, da die Sollgrößen stark von den aktuellen Prozessparametern wie der Ist-Analyse, der Überhitzung der Schmelze, der aktuellen Kühlmitteltemperatur des Kühlmittels (Wasser) der Sekundärkühlung und der Wärmeabfuhr in der Kokille beeinflusst werden.The task of the second software is to use the process parameters and the nominal values (target temperature, nominal position of the critical sump diameter or the target sump tip) to determine the necessary quantities of coolant (quantities of water) at the start of casting or when switching on the controller. This is particularly important because the setpoints are strongly influenced by the current process parameters such as the actual analysis, the superheat of the melt, the current coolant temperature of the coolant (water) of the secondary cooling and the heat dissipation in the mold.
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der Beschreibung und der einzigen Figur.Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the single FIGURE.
Vorzugsweise verwendet die zweite Software sowohl Prozessparameter als auch Sollgrößen des Gießprozesses.Preferably, the second software uses both process parameters and nominal sizes of the casting process.
In vorteilhafter Weise werden als Sollgrößen die Soll-Gießgeschwindigkeit, insbesondere bei größeren Strangquerschnitten des Gießstrangs, die Soll- Temperatur des Gießstrangs an einer vorgegebenen Position oder die Solltem- peraturen an mehreren vorgegebenen Positionen, insbesondere an der Oberfläche, die Soll-Position des kritischen Sumpfdurchmessers (CMD) (CMD = cri- tical mushy diameter) und/oder die Soll-Sumpfspitze des Gießstrangs im Bereich des Ausgangs der Gießmaschine eingesetzt. Unter größeren Strangquerschnitten sind insbesondere solche von mehr als 200 mm zu verstehen. Vorzugsweise werden als Prozessparameter das Ergebnis einer Stahlanalyse, Temperaturen der Metallschmelze im Tundish, in der Gießkokille, Kühlwassermengen zur Kühlung der Kokille und des Sekundärkühlbereichs sowie Kühlwassertemperaturen des Kühlwassers zur Kühlung der Kokille und im Sekundärkühlbereich verwendet.Advantageously, the target casting speed, in particular for larger strand cross sections of the cast strand, the desired temperature of the cast strand at a predetermined position or the Solltem- temperatures at a plurality of predetermined positions, in particular on the surface, the desired position of the critical sump diameter (CMD) (CMD = critical mushy diameter) and / or the desired sump tip of the casting strand in the region of the output of the casting machine used. Larger strand cross-sections are to be understood in particular those of more than 200 mm. The result of a steel analysis, temperatures of the molten metal in the tundish, in the casting mold, amounts of cooling water for cooling the mold and the secondary cooling area and cooling water temperatures of the cooling water for cooling the mold and in the secondary cooling area are preferably used as process parameters.
Mit Vorteil lässt sich auch vorsehen, dass, wenn entweder die erste Software und/oder die zweite Software ausgeschaltet sind, eine dritte Software für den Datentransfer zwischen der Stranggießanlage und der ersten und der zweiten Software bewirkt, dass nach dem Einschalten der ersten und der zweiten Soft- wäre für einen festgelegten Zeitraum die Solldaten für den Stranggießprozess ausschließlich unter Verwendung von in der Datenbank gespeicherten Daten erzeugt werden.Advantageously, it can also be provided that when either the first software and / or the second software are switched off, a third software for the data transfer between the continuous casting machine and the first and the second software causes after switching on the first and the second For a fixed period of time, the target data for the continuous casting process would be generated exclusively using data stored in the database.
Ebenso ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die zweite Software eine Datenbank mit hinter- legten Prozessdaten umfasst, die mittels einer Simulations- oder Repfay-Likewise, it is advantageous if the second software comprises a database with stored process data, which is generated by means of a simulation or repfay process.
Funktion den Ablauf eines durchgeführten Gießprozesses nachträglich simuliert.Function simulates the course of a performed casting process subsequently.
Von Vorteil ist es ebenfalls, wenn die zweite Software eine modifizierte Simula- tions- oder Replay-Funktion nutzt, um die Totzeit bis zum Einsatz der ersten Software zu reduzieren.It is also advantageous if the second software uses a modified simulation or replay function to reduce the dead time until the first software is used.
Zusätzlich wird in vorteilhafter Weise vorgesehen, dass eine Vorrichtung zum Messen der Stranglänge des Gießstrangs misst und dass bei Überschreiten einer vorgegebenen Stranglänge die Replay-Funktion einschaltbar ist.In addition, it is advantageously provided that a device for measuring the strand length of the cast strand measures and that when a predetermined strand length is exceeded, the replay function can be switched on.
In der Regel wird die Erfindung als Softwarelösung zur Verbesserung der Funktionen eines an sich bekannten Rechners einer Stranggießanlage mit wenigstens einer Stranggießkokille realisiert. Die Erfindung kann jedoch alternativ auch in Form eines zusätzlichen Rechners oder eines mit zusätzlichen Arbeits- speichern ausgestatteten Rechners verwirklicht werden.In general, the invention is realized as a software solution for improving the functions of a known per se computer of a continuous casting with at least one continuous casting mold. However, the invention can alternatively also be in the form of an additional computer or one with additional working Save equipped computer can be realized.
In diesem Fall bezieht sich die Erfindung auch auf eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung des Gießprozesses in einer Stranggießanlage mit einer in Echtzeit rechnenden Regeleinrichtung zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens, wie es oben be- schrieben wurde.In this case, the invention also relates to a device for controlling the casting process in a continuous casting plant with a control device calculating in real time for carrying out a process, as described above.
Die Vorrichtung ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Schnellrechner zur Bereitstellung von Solldaten und Prozessdaten in der Anfangsphase des Gießprozesses oder beim Wechsel des zu gießenden Metalls oder der Metalllegierung während des laufenden Gießprozesses aufweist und dass die Regeleinrichtung anstelle der in Echtzeit errechneten Daten die von dem Schnellrechner zur Verfügung gestellten Daten verwendet.The device according to the invention is characterized in that it has a high-speed computer for the provision of desired data and process data in the initial phase of the casting process or when changing the metal or metal alloy to be cast during the current casting process and that the controller instead of the real-time calculated data that of the Speed calculator provided data provided.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die Vorrichtung eine Datenbank mit hinterlegten Pro- zessdaten, wobei der Schnellrechner mittels einer Simulations-FunktionPreferably, the device comprises a database with stored process data, wherein the high-speed computer by means of a simulation function
(Replay-Funktion) den Ablauf eines durchgeführten Gießprozesses nachträglich simuliert. Zusätzlich ist vorgesehen, dass die in der Datenbank hinterlegten Prozessdaten während der Anfangsphase des Gießprozesses oder bei einem Wechsel innerhalb des laufenden Gießprozesses durch die Regeleinrichtung verwendbar sind.(Replay function) subsequently simulates the course of a casting process. In addition, it is provided that the process data stored in the database can be used during the initial phase of the casting process or during a change within the current casting process by the control device.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich, wenn der Schnellrechner eine modifizierte Simulations-Funktion nutzt, um die Totzeit bis zum Einsatz der regulären Regeleinrichtung zu reduzieren.Another advantage arises when the speed calculator uses a modified simulation function to reduce the dead time until the regular controller is used.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung in einem Ausführungsbeispiel anhand der einzigen Figur näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in schematischer Weise den Datentransfer innerhalb der Stranggießanlage.The invention will be explained in more detail in an embodiment with reference to the single figure. This shows in a schematic way the data transfer within the continuous casting plant.
Um die Berechnung möglichst schnell durchführen zu können, werden zu Be- ginn eines Gießprozesses einer Software 1 (Figur) zur Erzeugung von Solldaten für den Prozess zum Gießen des Gießstrangs gleichzeitig mit der in Echtzeit rechnenden Software 2 alle Prozessdaten 3 von einem Gießstrang 4 über eine Datenschnittstelle 5 zugeführt. Jedoch erhält die Software 1 nicht die aktuelle Gießgeschwindigkeit, sondern die beispielsweise in einem Kühlprogramm, das die Daten zum Kühlen des Strangs erzeugt, abgespeicherte Soll- Gießgeschwindigkeit und die Sollgrößen. Mit diesen Informationen simuliert die Software 1 wesentlich schneller als in Echtzeit den Stranggießprozess und regelt innerhalb der Simulation durch Veränderung der Stellgrößen wie Wassermenge und Gießgeschwindigkeit die Sollgrößen. Hierdurch wird es möglich, die in dem Gießprozess notwendigen Kühlmittelmengen zum Erreichen der Sollgrößen schnellstmöglich bereitzustellen. Die Software 1 ermittelt einen aktuellen Korrekturfaktor 6 für die spezielle Kühlmittelbeaufschlagung während der Anfangsphase des Gießprozesses; der Korrekturfaktor 6 wird über die Schnittstelle 5 an den Schaltungsteil zum Rechnen mit der Software 2 weitergeleitet. Diese erzeugt daraufhin Solldaten 7 für die Kühlmittelmenge, insbesondere die Wassermenge, und sendet diese über die Schnittstelle 5 an den Gießstrang 4. Sämtliche Daten werden an eine Datenbank 8 übertragen.In order to be able to carry out the calculation as quickly as possible, Start of a casting process of a software 1 (Figure) for generating target data for the process for casting the casting strand simultaneously with the real-time computing software 2 all process data 3 supplied from a casting strand 4 via a data interface 5. However, the software 1 does not receive the actual casting speed, but rather the target casting speed stored in a cooling program, which generates the data for cooling the strand, and the target values. With this information, the software 1 simulates the continuous casting process much faster than in real time and controls the setpoints within the simulation by changing the manipulated variables such as water quantity and casting speed. This makes it possible to provide the coolant quantities necessary in the casting process to reach the setpoint values as quickly as possible. The software 1 determines a current correction factor 6 for the specific coolant application during the initial phase of the casting process; the correction factor 6 is forwarded via the interface 5 to the circuit part for calculation with the software 2. This then generates target data 7 for the amount of coolant, in particular the amount of water, and sends them via the interface 5 to the casting strand 4. All data is transmitted to a database 8.
Aus der Datenbank 8 entnimmt die Software 1 Daten 9 aus früheren Gießpro- zessen, die sich für die Regelung der Anfangsphase des gerade ablaufenden Gießprozesses verwerten lassen und die über die Datenschnittstelle 5 an die Software 1 abgegeben werden. Insbesondere ist dies dann möglich und erforderlich, wenn beispielsweise aufgrund eines Bedienungsversehens die Rechenanlage mit Ausnahme der Datenschnittstelie 5 und der zu der Daten- schnittsteile 5 zugehörigen Software für eine Weile nicht eingeschaltet war. Wenn dann die Rechenanlage eingeschaltet wird, übernimmt die Software 2 zunächst die erforderlichen Daten aus der Datenbank 8, die über die Datenschnittstelle 5 zur Verfügung gestellt werden.From the database 8, the software 1 extracts data 9 from previous casting processes, which can be utilized for the regulation of the initial phase of the casting process currently taking place and which are output to the software 1 via the data interface 5. In particular, this is possible and necessary if, for example, due to an operating error, the computer system, with the exception of the data interface 5 and the software associated with the data interface parts 5, was not turned on for a while. Then, when the computer is turned on, the software 2 first takes the necessary data from the database 8, which are provided via the data interface 5 available.
Bei größeren Strangquerschnitten ist eine Regelung auf eine Soll-Position des kritischen Sumpfdurchmessers im Gießstrang mit Hilfe des Kühlmittels nicht geeignet, weil hierbei die Gefahr zu niedriger Oberflächentemperaturen besteht, die zu Oberflächenbeschädigungen des Strangs führen. In diesem Fall ist eine Regelung der Gießgeschwindigkeiten für die Regelung des kritischen Sumpfdurchmessers (CMD = critical mushy diameter) besser geeignet.For larger strand cross sections is a control to a desired position of the critical sump diameter in Gießstrang with the help of the coolant not suitable, because this is the risk of low surface temperatures, leading to surface damage to the strand. In this case, a control of the casting speeds for the control of the critical sump diameter (CMD = critical mushy diameter) is more suitable.
Modifizierte Replay-Funktionen ermöglichen dem Betreiber der Stranggießanlage, in der Vergangenheit durchgeführte Güsse nochmals zu simulieren. Dies erfolgt mittels der in der Datenbank 8 hinterlegten Prozessdaten.Modified replay functions allow the operator of the continuous casting plant to simulate castings that have been carried out in the past. This is done by means of the stored in the database 8 process data.
Eine weitere Möglichkeit, den Ausschuss oder die Qualitäts-Abwertung von stranggegossenem Material zu verringern, besteht darin, eine modifizierte Replay-Funktion zu nutzen, wenn die Software 1 und/oder die Software 2 des Rechners zu spät eingeschaltet wurden. Die modifizierte Replay-Funktion ermöglicht, die Totzeit bis zum Einsetzen des Rechenprozesses mit der Software 1, 2 zu reduzieren, indem die Simulation nicht in Echtzeit, sondern mit maximaler Rechengeschwindigkeit erfolgt.Another way to reduce rejects or quality degradation of continuously cast material is to use a modified replay function if the software 1 and / or software 2 of the computer were turned on too late. The modified replay function makes it possible to reduce the dead time until the calculation process starts with the software 1, 2, in that the simulation is not performed in real time, but at maximum computing speed.
Dies wird erreicht, indem beim Einschalten der Software 1 , 2 die aktuelle Gießlänge geprüft wird. Ist die Gießlänge größer als beispielsweise zehn Meter wird automatisch die Replay-Funktion eingeschaltet. Der Software werden jetzt nicht die aktuellen Prozessdaten zugeführt, sondern mit Hilfe der Replay-Funktion die in der Datenbank 8 abgespeicherten Prozessdaten übermittelt. Die Software 1 , 2 rechnet dann so schnell wie möglich, und erst, wenn die simulierte Gießlänge mit der aktuellen Gießlänge übereinstimmt, schaltet die Software 1 , 2 wieder in den normalen Regelmodus, bei dem die aktuellen Prozessdaten in Echtzeit verarbeitet werden. BezugszeichenlisteThis is achieved by checking the current casting length when the software 1, 2 is switched on. If the casting length is greater than, for example, ten meters, the replay function is automatically switched on. The software is now not supplied with the current process data, but with the help of the replay function, the process data stored in the database 8 is transmitted. The software 1, 2 then calculates as quickly as possible, and only when the simulated casting length matches the current casting length, the software switches 1, 2 again in the normal control mode, in which the current process data is processed in real time. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Software1 software
2 Software2 software
3 Prozessdaten3 process data
4 Gießstrang4 cast strand
5 Datenschnittstelle5 data interface
6 Korrekturfaktor6 correction factor
7 Solldaten7 target data
8 Datenbank8 database
9 Daten aus früheren Gießprozessen 9 Data from previous casting processes

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zum Gießen eines Gießstrangs (4) in einer mit einem Prozess- rechner ausgestatteten Stranggießanlage mit mindestens einer Gießmaschine, wobei der Prozessrechner eine erste Software (2) umfasst, die in Echtzeit rechnet und den Gießprozess regelt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine zweite zusätzliche, schnell rechnende Software (1) in dem Pro- zessrechner den Gießprozess während der Anfangsphase eines neu einsetzenden Gießprozesses oder bei einer Parameteränderung des zu gießenden Gießstrangs während des laufenden Prozesses beeinflusst, indem die zweite Software (1) aktuell gewonnene Daten aus dem laufenden Gießprozess und/oder gespeicherte Daten aus einer Datenbank (8) verar- beitet und Korrekturfaktoren erzeugt, mit deren Hiife die zweite Software1. A method for casting a cast strand (4) in a equipped with a process computer continuous casting with at least one casting machine, the process computer includes a first software (2), which calculates in real time and controls the casting process, characterized in that a second additional, rapidly calculating software (1) in the process computer influences the casting process during the initial phase of a new casting process or during a parameter change of the cast strand to be cast during the ongoing process by the second software (1) currently obtaining data from the current casting process and / or stored data from a database (8) processed and generates correction factors, with their Hiife the second software
(1) korrigierte Solldaten für den Gießprozess erzeugt, bis zu dem Zeitpunkt, ab dem der Gießprozess mit den in Echtzeit errechneten Daten vollständig dargestellt wird und die erste Software (2) ausschließlich mit diesen Daten den Gießprozess regelt.(1) generates corrected target data for the casting process until the time when the casting process with the real-time calculated data is completely displayed and the first software (2) exclusively controls the casting process with this data.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Software (1) sowohl Prozessparameter als auch Sollgrö- ßen des Gießprozesses verwendet.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the second software (1) uses both process parameters and nominal sizes of the casting process.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Sollgrößen die Soll-Gießgeschwindigkeit, insbesondere bei grö- ßeren Strangquerschnitten des Gießstrangs (4), insbesondere bei Strang- querschnitten von mehr als 200 mm, die Soll-Temperatur des Gießstrangs3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as target variables, the target casting speed, in particular for larger strand cross sections of the cast strand (4), in particular stranded cross sections of more than 200 mm, the target temperature of the cast strand
(4) an einer vorgegebenen Position oder die Solltemperaturen an mehreren vorgegebenen Positionen, insbesondere an der Oberfläche, die Soll- Position des kritischen Sumpfdurchmessers (CMD) (CMD = critical mushy diameter) und/oder die Soll-Position der Sumpfspitze des Gießstrangs (4) im Bereich des Ausgangs der Gießmaschine oder unterhalb des Ausgangs eingesetzt werden.(4) at a predetermined position or the setpoint temperatures at a plurality of predetermined positions, in particular at the surface, the desired position of the critical sump diameter (CMD) (CMD = critical mushy diameter) and / or the desired position of the sump tip of the casting strand (4 ) are used in the area of the exit of the casting machine or below the exit.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Prozessparameter das Ergebnis einer Stahlanalyse, Temperaturen der Metallschmelze im Tundish, in der Gießkokille, Kühlwassermengen zur Kühlung der Kokille und des Sekundärkühlbereichs sowie Kühlwassertemperaturen des Kühlwassers zur Kühlung der Kokille und im Sekundärkühlbereich verwendet werden.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as a process parameter, the result of a steel analysis, temperatures of the molten metal in the tundish, in the casting mold, cooling water quantities for cooling the mold and the secondary cooling region and cooling water temperatures of the cooling water for cooling the mold and in the Secondary cooling area can be used.
5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass, wenn entweder die erste Software (2) und/oder die zweite Software (1) ausgeschaltet sind, eine dritte Software (5) für den Datentransfer zwi- sehen der Stranggießanlage und der ersten und der zweiten Software (2,5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that when either the first software (2) and / or the second software (1) are turned off, a third software (5) for the data transfer between see the continuous casting and the first and second software (2,
1) bewirkt, dass nach dem Einschalten der ersten und der zweiten Software (2, 1) für einen festgelegten Zeitraum die Solldaten für den Strang- gießprozess ausschließlich unter Verwendung von in der Datenbank gespeicherten Daten erzeugt werden.1) causes the target data for the continuous casting process to be generated exclusively using data stored in the database after the first and the second software (2, 1) have been switched on for a fixed period of time.
6. Vorrichtung zur Steuerung des Gießprozesses in einer Stranggießanlage mit einer in Echtzeit rechnenden Regeleinrichtung zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Schnellrechner zur Bereitstellung von Solldaten und Pro- zessdaten in der Anfangsphase des Gießprozesses oder beim Wechsel des zu gießenden Metalls oder der Metalllegierung während des laufenden Gießprozesses aufweist und dass die Regeleinrichtung anstelle der in Echtzeit errechneten Daten die von dem Schnellrechner zur Verfügung gestellten Daten verwendet.6. A device for controlling the casting process in a continuous casting plant with a real-time computing control device for carrying out a method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a high-speed computer for providing target data and pro- in the initial phase of the casting process or when changing the metal or metal alloy to be cast during the current casting process, and that the controller uses the data provided by the high-speed computer instead of the real-time calculated data.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Datenbank (8) mit hinterlegten Prozessdaten umfasst, dass der Schnellrechner mittels einer Simulations-Funktion (Replay-Funktion) den Ablauf eines durchgeführten Gießprozesses nachträglich simuliert und dass die in der Datenbank (8) hinterlegten Prozessdaten während der Anfangsphase des Gießprozesses oder bei einem Wechsel innerhalb des laufenden Gießprozesses durch die Regeleinrichtung verwendbar sind.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a database (8) with stored process data, that the high-speed computer by means of a simulation function (replay function) subsequently simulated the course of a casting process performed and that in the database (8 ) deposited process data during the initial phase of the casting process or in a change within the current casting process by the control device can be used.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schnellrechner eine modifizierte Simulations-Funktion nutzt, um die Totzeit bis zum Einsatz der regulären Regeleinrichtung zu reduzieren. 8. Apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the high-speed computer uses a modified simulation function to reduce the dead time until the use of the regular control device.
EP09748050.3A 2008-11-04 2009-11-04 Method and device for controlling the solidification of a cast strand in a continuous casting plant at startup of the casting process Active EP2346631B1 (en)

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PCT/EP2009/007903 WO2010051981A1 (en) 2008-11-04 2009-11-04 Method and device for controlling the solidification of a cast strand in a strand casting plant in startup of the injection process

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EP2346631B1 (en) 2015-07-22
CN102216003A (en) 2011-10-12

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