EP2346052B1 - Boîtier pour une machine électrique - Google Patents

Boîtier pour une machine électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2346052B1
EP2346052B1 EP10000374.8A EP10000374A EP2346052B1 EP 2346052 B1 EP2346052 B1 EP 2346052B1 EP 10000374 A EP10000374 A EP 10000374A EP 2346052 B1 EP2346052 B1 EP 2346052B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
electrical machine
cooling
machine according
cooling fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10000374.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2346052A1 (fr
Inventor
Benjamin Weber
Marcos Bockholt
Michael Luckey
Wolfgang Mönig
Jens Tepper
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP10000374.8A priority Critical patent/EP2346052B1/fr
Priority to US12/987,603 priority patent/US8525628B2/en
Priority to CN201110022200.3A priority patent/CN102169747B/zh
Publication of EP2346052A1 publication Critical patent/EP2346052A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2346052B1 publication Critical patent/EP2346052B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H01F27/025—Constructional details relating to cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a housing for an electrical machine, in particular for an electrical power transformer, for example a dry-type transformer, within which cooling channels are provided, through which cooling fluid flows.
  • an electrical power transformer for example a dry-type transformer
  • power transformers is also to surround the dry-type transformer with a housing which allows improved cooling of the transformer by targeted flow around its windings with cooling fluid, for example, with air-air coolers or air Water cooler is cooled.
  • a transformer with a cooling system and housing known, which is flowed through by ambient air.
  • a heat exchanger is known, which is designed as a thermosiphon and also suitable for dissipating heat energy from a housing.
  • a transformer with housing and cooling system is known, which has an improved circulation of a cooling fluid.
  • a cooling system for an external helical winding and isolation barrier transformer is known.
  • This known cooling principle is based on the fact that the main components of air, nitrogen and oxygen, very poor heat transfer and heat radiation are practically permeable. In contrast, a number of gases, especially carbon dioxide and water vapor, absorb radiant heat and emit it.
  • the disadvantage here is that for the regular addition of water to the air, a preferably closed cooling system is required, so as to limit the consumption of water.
  • a housing in which the electric machine and the cooling system can be arranged and the vertically arranged channels for a cooling medium, which flows around the electric machine, wherein both the electrical machine as well as the cooling system receiving housing at least partially forms a hermetic encapsulation.
  • One possibility here is to integrate one or more housing modules in the side walls, which include fans for the internal circulation improvement, another possibility is the attachment of a module, which includes external fans and improves the external circulation. Both measures can be considered both individually and in combination.
  • the channels for the cooling fluid in each case bear against the surface of the windings of the electric machine.
  • the arrangement of the cooling channels is provided so that on the one hand the required electrical insulation thickness is not exceeded and on the other hand a sufficient surface contact is ensured for the best possible heat transfer.
  • the cooling fluid is gaseous. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, however, it can be provided that a liquid cooling medium is used.
  • the cooling channels for guiding the cooling fluid of individual tubes are formed, which are each arranged around the respective winding of the transformer.
  • the cooling channels can also be formed by a wave-shaped or box-shaped structure, which preferably consists of metal, but optionally also of plastic, for example of corrugated metal or corrugated glass, which is arranged around the respective winding of the transformer.
  • cooling channels can also be arranged in the coil windings through which the heat generated in the interior of the coil winding is conducted to the outside and there by the cooling medium flowing through the cooling channels arranged in the housing is picked up and taken away.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the cooling fluid circulates under the influence of natural convection and flows around the electric machine.
  • At least one conveying device is provided for the cooling fluid, which for the Forcibly circulation of the cooling fluid to the flow around the electric machine and recording their heat provides.
  • At least one fan is provided as a conveying device for the cooling fluid, wherein advantageously the at least one fan is arranged on the upper side of the housing receiving the electric machine with the cooling system.
  • the cooling system according to the invention can be improved by at least one fan is arranged laterally on the receiving the electrical machine with the cooling system housing.
  • At least one fan is arranged on the underside of the electrical machine with the cooling system housing receiving.
  • the cooling system according to the invention be characterized in that it has at least one structure which is similar to a plate heat exchanger and provides sufficient internal circulation and an external circulation of the cooling fluid.
  • a heat transfer geometry is created, which is similar, for example, the geometry of a plate heat exchanger. Both internal (outside of the cooling channels) and external circulation (inside the cooling channels) around the housing are achieved. This circulation of air can be forced or natural flow.
  • the invention can also be regarded as an inner and an outer cooling circuit, wherein the inner cooling circuit comprises the region around the coil windings, which is preferably shielded from the outer region laterally by a flow barrier. Within this area bounded by the flow barriers, the cooling medium is selectively conveyed upwards or downwards, where it comes into direct contact with the cooling medium of the outer area and transfers the heat to it.
  • the outer region of the cooling circuit comprises the region bounded in each case by the outer wall of the housing and the flow barriers and the heat exchanger provided according to the invention in the roof region or laterally and optionally in the bottom region.
  • the arrangement formed by the electric machine, the at least one conveying device for the cooling fluid and the at least one plate heat exchanger can be modularly expanded in the surrounding housing.
  • the individual components are designed as modules whose dimensions are coordinated so that a simple change can be done easily and without much effort.
  • forced cooling fans For the purpose of forced cooling fans are provided, which, as already mentioned, can be mounted below, laterally or in the upper region of the housing.
  • the fans can be designed as axial fans and thereby be modularly mounted on the roof, with a corresponding roof construction or serving for attachment scaffolding is optionally provided.
  • cooling of hot areas for example the roof
  • the roof ventilators continue to suck in cooling air from the environment at the transformer housing bottom at the so-called "cooling medium inlet”.
  • the exit of the cooling air takes place advantageously above.
  • further fans for example centrifugal fans, may be mounted laterally on the housing. These then ensure that the heated air is sucked in at the coil top edge and is returned between the cooling tubes or the corrugated structure and a vertical air guide plate.
  • the lateral fans are preferably also mounted in a scaffold to ensure the modularity of the concept.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a three-phase power transformer 10 according to the invention in a sectional view of the front side of the transformer 12 with upper yoke 14 and lower yoke 16 and the surrounding housing 18 reproduced, the cross-section through the transformer 12 receiving housing 18 immediately behind the frontal housing wall is done.
  • the cooling device 20 for the transformer 12 can be seen from this sectional view.
  • the cooling device 20 has two recognizable in this illustration, laterally arranged respectively on the side walls 22 of the housing 18 conveying means for the cooling medium and both sides of the windings 19 arranged cooling channels 24, 26, 28, which are each shielded by a flow guide 30 against each other, each of which covers the entire height of the winding 19 and up or down a gap 34 releases, through which circulates the cooling medium.
  • cooling medium air is provided in the example shown here, which flows around in the housing 18, the heat-emitting transformer 12 and thereby absorbs its heat and promotes heat sink.
  • each arranged on the side walls 22 of the housing 18 conveying means for the cooling medium are part of the cooling device 20 and preferably designed as a radial fan, which promote the cooling medium in the first between the outer wall 22 of the housing 18 and a flow guide 30 arranged cooling channels 24 down.
  • the cooling stream mixed with cooling medium which flows through near-bottom openings 32, and flows through second, also between the outer wall 22 and the flow baffle 30 disposed flow channels 26 back up.
  • the first and second cooling channels 24 and 26 are arranged alternately side by side, so that along the longitudinal side of the relevant electric machine 10, a uniform temperature profile as a heat sink for the cooling of the electric machine 10 results.
  • cooling medium passes through a gap 34 in a space laterally adjacent to the lower yoke 16 at the bottom of the housing 18. From there, the cooling flow is reflected upward and flows in a separated by the flow baffle 30 from the cooling channels 24, 26 further cooling channel 28 again above.
  • This upward flow of the cooling medium is assisted by at least one further cooling fan 20, not shown here, arranged in the so-called roof part 36 of the housing 18, which delivers the now heated cooling medium to the outside (arrows).
  • Fig. 2 shows a side view of the in Fig. 1 illustrated transformer 10 which is arranged in a housing 18 together with the cooling device 20.
  • the cooling device includes except in Fig. 1 illustrated conveying means 24 and inlet openings 32 for the cooling medium and first and second cooling channels 26, 28 and arranged in the roof area 36 of the transformer 10 according to the invention further conveying means 38 for cooling medium, which is indicated here in the side view and plate heat exchangers 40, which ensure optimum cooling by dissipating the waste heat.
  • each junction boxes 42 are arranged for the electrical connection of the transformer 10.
  • FIG. 3 a plan view of the transformer 10 is shown, which shows the transformer 12 and the surrounding housing 18 with the cooling channels 24, 26, 28 arranged therein. For this purpose, the roof area 36 of the transformer 10 is removed.
  • the first and second cooling channels 24, 26, which are arranged side by side on both sides of the three windings 19 of the transformer 12 parallel to the axis of their longitudinal axis, consist of individually shaped channels with a rectangular cross-section. They are made of a correspondingly profiled flat material, preferably light metal because of the low thermal conductivity or plastic profile, box-shaped, on both sides of the windings immediately adjacent to each of the already mentioned Strömungsleitprofil 30 is provided, which the first and second cooling channels 24, 26 of the other Cooling channels 28 separates.
  • first and second cooling channels 4, 26 may preferably be formed by a correspondingly shaped box profile, which is used uniformly in the limited by the outer wall 22 and the cooling baffle 30 space.
  • the present cooling concept according to the invention can be regarded as a two-circuit system with an internal circuit in which, for example, an air flow through radial fan 38 is supported.
  • cooling medium flows between the aforementioned, for example by the wave or box profile formed cooling channels, and between the housing wall and Strömungs Kunststoffleitplatte. The heat is transferred to the outer "Kreistauf".
  • the outer cooling circuit is based on the fact that a vertical flow of the cooling medium supported by roof ventilator, for example axial fan 40, is generated by sucking cool air in the bottom area and from there flowing upwards in the provided cooling channels.
  • roof ventilator for example axial fan 40
  • the cool air absorbs the heat from the inner cooling circuit and releases it to the outside.
  • the coils of the transformer for use in the housing according to the invention are provided with internal cooling channels so as to better dissipate the power losses.
  • LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 10 Transformer 34 Gap area, for example, expelling the already cooled inner air 12 transformer 36 roof 14 upper yoke 38 Conveyor, eg radial fan 16 lower yoke 18 casing 40 Plate heat exchanger (with conveyor, eg axial fan) 19 winding 20 Cooling device, cooling system 42 Connection box 10 22 outer wall 24 first cooling channel 26 second cooling channel 28 another cooling channel 30 flow guide 32 lower housing opening (eg for air supply)

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transformer Cooling (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Boîtier pour machine électrique (10), en particulier pour transformateur électrique de puissance (12), par exemple transformateur sec, dans lequel il est prévu dans le boîtier (18) des canaux de refroidissement (24, 26, 28) à travers lesquels s'écoule de l'air faisant office de fluide réfrigérant, sachant que, dans le boîtier (18), aussi bien la machine électrique (10) qu'un système de refroidissement (20) peuvent être disposés, qu'il est prévu des premiers et seconds canaux disposés verticalement (26, 28) pour le fluide réfrigérant qui circule autour de la machine électrique (12), le boîtier (18) recevant la machine électrique (10) et le système de refroidissement (20) constituant du moins partiellement un encapsulage hermétique,
    caractérisé en ce
    qu'il est prévu au moins un échangeur de chaleur à plaques (40) qui présente une circulation intérieure et une circulation extérieure du fluide réfrigérant, les premiers et seconds canaux de refroidissement étant juxtaposés alternativement parallèles les uns aux autres et le fluide réfrigérant étant transporté vers le bas dans les premiers canaux de refroidissement disposés et de nouveau vers le haut dans les seconds canaux de refroidissement disposés.
  2. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une machine électrique (12) comportant des spires peut être disposée dans le boîtier et qu'au moins une partie des canaux (28) de fluide réfrigérant repose respectivement sur une surface des spires (19).
  3. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une machine électrique (12) comportant des spires (19) peut être disposée dans le boîtier et qu'au moins un échangeur de chaleur à plaques est disposé au-dessus des spires (19).
  4. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon, caractérisé en ce que les canaux de refroidissement (24, 26) sont constitués de tubes distincts.
  5. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les canaux de refroidissement (24, 26) sont constitués d'une structure ondulée en métal ou matière plastique, par exemple de la tôle ondulée ou du verre ondulé.
  6. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une machine électrique (12) peut être disposée dans le boîtier, que du fluide réfrigérant circule sous l'influence d'une convection naturelle et s'écoule autour de la machine électrique (12).
  7. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu au moins un dispositif de convoyage pour le fluide réfrigérant, lequel dispositif provoque la circulation forcée du fluide réfrigérant pour entourer la machine électrique (12) et absorber sa chaleur.
  8. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu comme dispositif de convoyage pour le fluide réfrigérant au moins un ventilateur (38).
  9. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un ventilateur (38) est disposé au niveau du toit (36) du boîtier (18) recevant la machine électrique (12) avec le système de refroidissement (20).
  10. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un ventilateur est disposé sur le côté du boîtier (18) recevant la machine électrique (12) avec le système de refroidissement (20).
  11. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon une des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un ventilateur est disposé sur la face inférieure du boîtier (18) recevant la machine électrique (12) avec le système de refroidissement (20).
  12. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon une des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (18) recevant la machine électrique (12), l'au moins un dispositif de convoyage de fluide réfrigérant et l'au moins un échangeur de chaleur à plaques a une structure modulaire et permet un mode de construction modulaire.
  13. Boîtier pour machine électrique selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (18) recevant le dispositif composé de la machine électrique (12), de l'au moins un dispositif de convoyage de fluide réfrigérant et de l'au moins un échangeur de chaleur à plaques peut être étendu de manière modulaire.
EP10000374.8A 2010-01-16 2010-01-16 Boîtier pour une machine électrique Active EP2346052B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10000374.8A EP2346052B1 (fr) 2010-01-16 2010-01-16 Boîtier pour une machine électrique
US12/987,603 US8525628B2 (en) 2010-01-16 2011-01-10 Housing for an electric machine
CN201110022200.3A CN102169747B (zh) 2010-01-16 2011-01-14 用于电力机械的壳体

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10000374.8A EP2346052B1 (fr) 2010-01-16 2010-01-16 Boîtier pour une machine électrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2346052A1 EP2346052A1 (fr) 2011-07-20
EP2346052B1 true EP2346052B1 (fr) 2016-04-20

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10000374.8A Active EP2346052B1 (fr) 2010-01-16 2010-01-16 Boîtier pour une machine électrique

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Country Link
US (1) US8525628B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2346052B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102169747B (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2453979T3 (es) * 2011-12-08 2014-04-09 Abb Technology Ag Transformador de aceite
CN103208349B (zh) * 2013-04-27 2015-12-23 华北电力大学（保定） 绕组水冷气体绝缘变压器
US20150243428A1 (en) * 2014-02-21 2015-08-27 Varentec, Inc. Methods and systems of field upgradeable transformers
US10143116B2 (en) * 2016-05-13 2018-11-27 Toshiba International Corporation Outdoor UPS unit system and method
CN110913661B (zh) * 2019-11-29 2021-02-02 青岛中加特电气股份有限公司 一种集装箱式变频撬
CN111929240A (zh) * 2020-07-28 2020-11-13 合肥富煌君达高科信息技术有限公司 一种浸没式高精度测量系统
CN112331449B (zh) * 2020-10-21 2024-06-18 四川盛鑫源电器设备制造有限公司 一种干式变压器用防尘散热罩壳
CN113539629B (zh) * 2021-07-19 2023-07-25 远景能源有限公司 一种半开放式大功率设备冷却系统及冷却方法
EP4369362A1 (fr) * 2022-11-11 2024-05-15 Hitachi Energy Ltd Agencement de refroidissement et procédé de refroidissement d'au moins un échangeur de chaleur externe huile-air

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US4512387A (en) * 1982-05-28 1985-04-23 Rodriguez Larry A Power transformer waste heat recovery system

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US4032873A (en) * 1976-05-21 1977-06-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Flow directing means for air-cooled transformers
DE3427459A1 (de) * 1984-07-25 1986-02-06 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Geschlossenes oelgefaess fuer elektrische geraete
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8525628B2 (en) 2013-09-03
CN102169747B (zh) 2015-07-22
EP2346052A1 (fr) 2011-07-20
CN102169747A (zh) 2011-08-31
US20110175695A1 (en) 2011-07-21

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