EP2343950A1 - Electrical heating element and method for its production - Google Patents
Electrical heating element and method for its production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2343950A1 EP2343950A1 EP11150126A EP11150126A EP2343950A1 EP 2343950 A1 EP2343950 A1 EP 2343950A1 EP 11150126 A EP11150126 A EP 11150126A EP 11150126 A EP11150126 A EP 11150126A EP 2343950 A1 EP2343950 A1 EP 2343950A1
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- ceramic substrate
- heating element
- glass layer
- resistance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
- H05B3/265—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
- Y10T29/49083—Heater type
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical heating element which is designed as a surface piece. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for its preparation.
- Electric heating elements can be designed, for example, as heaters, auxiliary heaters or additional heaters and should be at least comparatively easy to manufacture, as reliable as possible and as wear-resistant as possible.
- Electric heating elements such as heaters, auxiliary heaters or additional heaters may according to the prior art, for example, comprise a support member made of steel or ceramic, for example ceramic tubes, which is printed with a resistance material. To protect against environmental influences usually paint or sintered layers are applied.
- the surface heating element consists of a non-conductive support and a surface applied thereon electrically conductive layer, which acts as a resistance heater.
- the electrically conductive layer is formed from a thick layer applied in pasty state.
- the surface heating element has a low dielectric strength and also a short life.
- a ceramic heater element with two ceramic layers is known in which a resistance heating element is embedded between the ceramic layers.
- the resistance heating element is made essentially of metal.
- the two ceramic layers are provided as powder compacts and then sintered. For sintering temperatures of over 1500 ° C are required. In addition, special tools are needed. This method is thus complicated and expensive. Furthermore, shrinkage occurs during sintering, so that the dimensional tolerances achieved are more than 1%, which is unacceptable for most applications.
- the invention has for its object to provide an electric heating element and to provide a method for its production, by which the above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome.
- the low-melting glass layer covers the resistance layer completely or at least almost completely, so that particularly preferably the resistance layer is an integral part of the glass layer.
- the second ceramic substrate covers the glass layer completely or at least almost completely and / or the second ceramic substrate is fused to the glass layer.
- the second ceramic substrate allows a high dielectric strength. Electrical voltages of more than 500 V are possible. A preferred complete coverage of the resistive layer through the glass layer allows uniform introduction of heat into the second ceramic substrate.
- the layer structure improves the mechanical stability of the heating element. The arrangement between the ceramic substrates, the heating element is protected from environmental influences.
- the first and / or second ceramic substrate is made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ).
- Al 2 O 3 substrates can be used in the fired state. These are available in particular with the dimensions 4 "x4" or 4 "x6".
- the heating element can thereby be manufactured with conventional materials.
- the resistance layer can be made of a resistance paste.
- the resistance paste may have particles which, for example, have a particle size between 2 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m.
- the glass layer may comprise a material having a melting point between 500 ° C and 700 ° C.
- the low-melting glass layer completely covers the resistance layer and serves as a connecting element to the second ceramic substrate.
- the resistance layer is completely or at least almost completely covered by the glass layer, so that particularly preferably the resistance layer becomes an integral part of the glass layer.
- the second ceramic substrate is connected to the glass layer, in particular fused.
- the addition of the second ceramic substrate results in a layer structure which allows for improved mechanical stability and high dielectric strength. Electrical voltages of more than 500 V are possible. By preferably completely covering the resistance layer by the glass layer, a uniform introduction of heat into the second ceramic substrate is made possible. The arrangement between the ceramic substrates, the heating element is protected from environmental influences.
- the first and / or second ceramic substrate is made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ).
- Al 2 O 3 substrates can be used in the fired state. These are available in particular with the dimensions 4 "x4" or 4 "x6".
- the heating element can be manufactured in this way with commercially available materials.
- the glass layer In particular, a material having a melting point between 500 ° C and 700 ° C is used for the glass layer.
- the low-melting glass layer completely covers the resistance layer and, on the other hand, serves as a connecting element to the second ceramic substrate.
- the resistive layer of a pasty material is applied to the first ceramic substrate.
- the resistance paste usually has particles which, for example, have a particle size between 2 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m.
- printed conductors for further electrical and / or electronic components and / or further electrical connections can also be printed with the resistance layer.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a heating element according to a preferred embodiment of the invention shown.
- the heating element 1 comprises a first region 10 with electrical connections and preferably with an electronic circuit for controlling and / or regulating the heating element. Furthermore includes the heating element 1, a second area 12 with the actual heating element.
- the heating element 1 with the first and second regions 10 and 12 is 152 mm long and 24.5 mm wide.
- the second region 12, i. the actual heating element is in this example 126.5 mm long and 24.5 mm wide.
- FIG. 2 shows a side sectional view of the heating element 1 according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the layer structure of the heating element according to the invention.
- the layer thickness of the heating element is much thicker than in a scale representation.
- the heating element 1 comprises a first ceramic substrate 14, a resistance layer 16, a low-melting glass layer 18 and a second ceramic substrate 20.
- the first ceramic substrate 14 is made in a fired state, and preferably made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ).
- the resistance layer 16 comprises a resistance material.
- the resistance layer is made of a resistor paste.
- the resistance paste may have particles having a particle size between 2 microns and 5 microns.
- the ohmic resistance of the resistive layer 16 is about 120 ⁇ , for example.
- the glass layer 18 is made of a low-melting glass. Preferably, the melting point is between 500 ° C and 700 ° C.
- the resistance layer 16 is an integral constituent part of the glass layer 18.
- the second ceramic substrate 20 in this specific embodiment preferably has the same properties as the first ceramic substrate 14 and is connected to the glass layer 18, in particular fused.
- the first ceramic substrate 14 and the second ceramic substrate 20 have a layer thickness of 0.635 mm.
- the glass layer 18 has a layer thickness of 0.075 mm in this example.
- the resistance layer 16 has a layer thickness of 0.02 mm in this embodiment. In this case, the resistance layer 16 is integrated in the glass layer 18, so that the 0.02 mm of the resistance layer 16 are contained in the 0.075 mm of the glass layer 18.
- the total layer thickness of the heater element in this embodiment is 1.345 mm.
- the electrical heating element according to the invention and the method for its production allow improved mechanical stability, increased electrical strength and protection of the heating element from environmental influences.
- the heating element can be treated with a laser.
- the laser treatment can refer either to the mechanical shaping or the adjustment of the resistance value.
- the setting of the resistance value in this case takes place before the glass layer and / or the second ceramic element is applied.
- the heating element according to the invention may in particular be a heater, an additional heater or a heater.
- the electrical heating element there are a number of different fields of application for the electrical heating element according to the invention. These include, for example, appliances, in particular household appliances, such as hair dryers or fan heaters.
- the electric heating element according to the invention can be used for heating systems in vehicles. This is exemplified by the use in trains or motor vehicles.
- the electric heating element according to the invention can therefore also be used as additional heating or auxiliary heating.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elektrisches Heizungselement, das als Flächenstück ausgebildet ist. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.The invention relates to an electrical heating element which is designed as a surface piece. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for its preparation.
Elektrische Heizungselemente können beispielsweise als Heizungen, Zuheizungen oder Zusatzheizungen ausgebildet sein und sollen zumindest vergleichsweise einfach herstellbar, möglichst betriebssicher und möglichst verschleißfest sein.Electric heating elements can be designed, for example, as heaters, auxiliary heaters or additional heaters and should be at least comparatively easy to manufacture, as reliable as possible and as wear-resistant as possible.
Elektrische Heizungselemente wie Heizungen, Zuheizungen oder Zusatzheizungen können gemäß dem Stand der Technik beispielsweise ein Trägerelement aus Stahl oder Keramik, beispielsweise Keramikröhren, umfassen, das mit einem Widerstandsmaterial bedruckt ist. Zum Schutz vor Umwelteinflüssen werden in der Regel Lack- oder Sinterschichten aufgetragen.Electric heating elements such as heaters, auxiliary heaters or additional heaters may according to the prior art, for example, comprise a support member made of steel or ceramic, for example ceramic tubes, which is printed with a resistance material. To protect against environmental influences usually paint or sintered layers are applied.
In der
Aus der
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein elektrisches Heizungselement bereitzustellen und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung anzugeben, durch die die oben genannten Nachteile überwunden werden.The invention has for its object to provide an electric heating element and to provide a method for its production, by which the above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome.
Die Aufgabe wird hinsichtlich des elektrischen Heizungselements durch den Gegenstand gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.The object is achieved with regard to the electrical heating element by the subject matter of claim 1.
Erfindungsgemäß ist ein elektrisches Heizungselement vorgesehen, das als Flächenstück ausgebildet ist und folgende Schichten aufweist:
- ein erstes Keramiksubstrat in einem gebrannten Zustand,
- eine Widerstandsschicht aus einem Widerstandsmaterial, die auf das erste Keramiksubstrat aufgebracht ist,
- eine niedrig schmelzende Glasschicht, die mit der Widerstandsschicht verbunden ist,
- ein zweites Keramiksubstrat in einem gebrannten Zustand, das mit der Glasschicht verbunden ist.
- a first ceramic substrate in a fired state,
- a resistive layer of resistive material deposited on the first ceramic substrate,
- a low-melting glass layer connected to the resistive layer,
- a second ceramic substrate in a fired state bonded to the glass layer.
Vorzugsweise deckt die niedrig schmelzende Glasschicht die Widerstandsschicht vollständig oder zumindest nahezu vollständig ab, so dass besonders bevorzugt die Widerstandsschicht ein integraler Bestandteil der Glasschicht ist.Preferably, the low-melting glass layer covers the resistance layer completely or at least almost completely, so that particularly preferably the resistance layer is an integral part of the glass layer.
Bevorzugt deckt das zweite Keramiksubstrat die Glasschicht vollständig oder zumindest nahezu vollständig ab und/oder das zweite Keramiksubstrat ist mit der Glasschicht verschmolzen.Preferably, the second ceramic substrate covers the glass layer completely or at least almost completely and / or the second ceramic substrate is fused to the glass layer.
Das zweite Keramiksubstrat ermöglicht eine hohe elektrische Spannungsfestigkeit. Elektrische Spannungen von mehr als 500 V sind möglich. Eine bevorzugt vorhandene vollständige Abdeckung der Widerstandsschicht durch die Glasschicht ermöglicht eine gleichmäßige Einbringung von Wärme in das zweite Keramiksubstrat. Der Schichtaufbau verbessert die mechanische Stabilität des Heizungselements. Durch die Anordnung zwischen den Keramiksubstraten ist das Heizungselement vor Umwelteinflüssen geschützt.The second ceramic substrate allows a high dielectric strength. Electrical voltages of more than 500 V are possible. A preferred complete coverage of the resistive layer through the glass layer allows uniform introduction of heat into the second ceramic substrate. The layer structure improves the mechanical stability of the heating element. The arrangement between the ceramic substrates, the heating element is protected from environmental influences.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das erste und/oder zweite Keramiksubstrat aus Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) hergestellt. Insbesondere können handelsübliche Al2O3-Substrate im gebrannten Zustand verwendet werden. Diese sind insbesondere mit den Abmessungen 4"x4" oder 4"x6" erhältlich. Das Heizungselement kann dadurch mit konventionellen Materialien hergestellt werden.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and / or second ceramic substrate is made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ). In particular, commercially available Al 2 O 3 substrates can be used in the fired state. These are available in particular with the dimensions 4 "x4" or 4 "x6". The heating element can thereby be manufactured with conventional materials.
Weiterhin kann die Widerstandsschicht aus einer Widerstandspaste hergestellt werden. Dabei kann die Widerstandspaste Partikel aufweisen, die beispielsweise eine Korngröße zwischen 2 µm und 5 µm haben.Furthermore, the resistance layer can be made of a resistance paste. In this case, the resistance paste may have particles which, for example, have a particle size between 2 μm and 5 μm.
Vorzugsweise kann die Glasschicht ein Material mit einem Schmelzpunkt zwischen 500°C und 700°C umfassen. Die niedrig schmelzende Glasschicht deckt die Widerstandsschicht vollständig ab und dient als Verbindungselement zum zweiten Keramiksubstrat.Preferably, the glass layer may comprise a material having a melting point between 500 ° C and 700 ° C. The low-melting glass layer completely covers the resistance layer and serves as a connecting element to the second ceramic substrate.
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Aufgabe wird hinsichtlich des Verfahrens durch den Gegenstand gemäß Patentanspruch 6 gelöst.The object underlying the invention is achieved with regard to the method by the subject matter of claim 6.
Gemäß der Erfindung umfasst das Verfahren zum Herstellen eines, insbesondere als Flächenstück ausgebildeten, elektrischen Heizungselements die folgenden Schritte:
- Bereitstellen eines ersten Keramiksubstrats in einem gebrannten Zustand,
- Auftragen einer Widerstandsschicht aus einem Widerstandsmaterial auf das erste Keramiksubstrat,
- Aufbringen einer niedrig schmelzenden Glasschicht auf die Widerstandsschicht, wobei die Glasschicht mit der Widerstandsschicht verbunden wird,
- Anfügen eines zweiten Keramiksubstrats in einem gebrannten Zustand.
- Providing a first ceramic substrate in a fired state,
- Applying a resistive layer of a resistive material to the first ceramic substrate,
- Applying a low-melting-point glass layer to the resistance layer, wherein the glass layer is connected to the resistance layer,
- Attaching a second ceramic substrate in a fired state.
Vorzugsweise wird die Widerstandsschicht vollständig oder zumindest nahezu vollständig von der Glasschicht abgedeckt, so dass besonders bevorzugt die Widerstandsschicht ein integraler Bestandteil der Glasschicht wird.Preferably, the resistance layer is completely or at least almost completely covered by the glass layer, so that particularly preferably the resistance layer becomes an integral part of the glass layer.
Bevorzugt wird das zweite Keramiksubstrat mit der Glasschicht verbunden, insbesondere verschmolzen.Preferably, the second ceramic substrate is connected to the glass layer, in particular fused.
Das Anfügen des zweiten Keramiksubstrats ergibt einen Schichtaufbau, der eine verbesserte mechanische Stabilität und eine hohe elektrische Spannungsfestigkeit ermöglicht. Elektrische Spannungen von mehr als 500 V sind möglich. Durch eine bevorzugt erfolgende vollständige Abdecken der Widerstandsschicht durch die Glasschicht wird eine gleichmäßige Einbringung von Wärme in das zweite Keramiksubstrat ermöglicht. Durch die Anordnung zwischen den Keramiksubstraten ist das Heizungselement vor Umwelteinflüssen geschützt.The addition of the second ceramic substrate results in a layer structure which allows for improved mechanical stability and high dielectric strength. Electrical voltages of more than 500 V are possible. By preferably completely covering the resistance layer by the glass layer, a uniform introduction of heat into the second ceramic substrate is made possible. The arrangement between the ceramic substrates, the heating element is protected from environmental influences.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird das erste und/oder zweite Keramiksubstrat aus Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) hergestellt. Damit können übliche Al2O3-Substrate im gebrannten Zustand verwendet werden. Diese sind insbesondere mit den Abmessungen 4"x4" oder 4"x6" erhältlich. Das Heizungselement kann auf diese Weise mit handelsüblichen Materialien hergestellt werden.In a preferred embodiment, the first and / or second ceramic substrate is made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ). Thus, conventional Al 2 O 3 substrates can be used in the fired state. These are available in particular with the dimensions 4 "x4" or 4 "x6". The heating element can be manufactured in this way with commercially available materials.
Insbesondere wird für die Glasschicht ein Material mit einem Schmelzpunkt zwischen 500°C und 700°C verwendet. Die niedrig schmelzende Glasschicht deckt einerseits die Widerstandsschicht vollständig ab und dient andererseits als Verbindungselement zum zweiten Keramiksubstrat.In particular, a material having a melting point between 500 ° C and 700 ° C is used for the glass layer. On the one hand, the low-melting glass layer completely covers the resistance layer and, on the other hand, serves as a connecting element to the second ceramic substrate.
Vorzugsweise wird die Widerstandsschicht aus einem pastösen Material auf das erste Keramiksubstrat aufgetragen. Die Widerstandspaste weist meist Partikel auf, die beispielsweise eine Korngröße zwischen 2 µm und 5 µm haben.Preferably, the resistive layer of a pasty material is applied to the first ceramic substrate. The resistance paste usually has particles which, for example, have a particle size between 2 μm and 5 μm.
Schließlich können mit der Widerstandsschicht auch Leiterbahnen für weitere elektrische und/oder elektronische Komponenten und/oder weitere elektrische Anschlüsse aufgetragen aufgedruckt werden.Finally, printed conductors for further electrical and / or electronic components and / or further electrical connections can also be printed with the resistance layer.
Weitere Merkmale, besondere Ausführungsformen und Vorteile der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Further features, particular embodiments and advantages of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung wird anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels und unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- FIG 1
- eine Draufsicht eines Heizungselements gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und
- FIG 2
- eine seitliche Schnittansicht des Heizungselements gemäß der bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
- FIG. 1
- a top view of a heating element according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, and
- FIG. 2
- a side sectional view of the heating element according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
In
Das Heizungselement 1 umfasst einen ersten Bereich 10 mit elektrischen Anschlüssen sowie vorzugsweise mit einer elektronischen Schaltung zur Steuerung und/oder Regelung des Heizungselements. Des weiteren umfasst das Heizungselement 1 einen zweiten Bereich 12 mit dem eigentlichen Heizungselement.The heating element 1 comprises a
In dieser konkreten Ausführungsform ist das Heizungselement 1 mit dem ersten und zweiten Bereich 10 und 12 insgesamt 152 mm lang und 24,5 mm breit. Der zweite Bereich 12, d.h. das eigentliche Heizungselement, ist in diesem Beispiel 126,5 mm lang und 24,5 mm breit.In this particular embodiment, the heating element 1 with the first and
Das Heizungselement 1 umfasst ein erstes Keramiksubstrat 14, eine Widerstandsschicht 16, eine niedrig schmelzende Glasschicht 18 und ein zweites Keramiksubstrats 20.The heating element 1 comprises a first
Das erste Keramiksubstrat 14 ist in einem gebrannten Zustand und vorzugsweise aus Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) hergestellt.The first
Die Widerstandsschicht 16 umfasst ein Widerstandsmaterial. Vorzugsweise ist die Widerstandsschicht aus einer Widerstandspaste hergestellt. Die Widerstandspaste kann Partikel aufweisen, die eine Korngröße zwischen 2 µm und 5 µm haben. Der Ohmsche Widerstand der Widerstandsschicht 16 beträgt beispielsweise etwa 120 Ω.The
Die Glasschicht 18 besteht aus einem niedrig schmelzenden Glas. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Schmelzpunkt zwischen 500 °C und 700 °C. Die Widerstandsschicht 16 ist ein integraler Bestandteilteil der Glasschicht 18.The
Das zweite Keramiksubstrat 20 hat in dieser konkreten Ausführungsform vorzugsweise dieselben Eigenschaften wie das erste Keramiksubstrat 14 und ist mit der Glasschicht 18 verbunden, insbesondere verschmolzen.The second
In dieser konkreten Ausführungsform haben das erste Keramiksubstrat 14 und das zweite Keramiksubstrat 20 eine Schichtdicke von 0,635 mm. Die Glasschicht 18 hat in diesem Beispiel eine Schichtdicke von 0,075 mm. Die Widerstandsschicht 16 hat in dieser Ausführungsform eine Schichtdicke von 0,02 mm. Dabei ist die Widerstandsschicht 16 in die Glasschicht 18 integriert, so dass die 0,02 mm der Widerstandsschicht 16 in den 0,075 mm der Glasschicht 18 enthalten sind. Die gesamte Schichtdicke des Heizungselements beträgt bei dieser Ausführungsform 1,345 mm.In this particular embodiment, the first
Das erfindungsgemäße elektrische Heizungselement und das Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung ermöglichen eine verbesserte mechanische Stabilität, eine erhöhte elektrische Spannungsfestigkeit und einen Schutz des Heizungselements vor Umwelteinflüssen. Für die weitere Verarbeitung kann das Heizungselement mit einem Laser behandelt werden.The electrical heating element according to the invention and the method for its production allow improved mechanical stability, increased electrical strength and protection of the heating element from environmental influences. For further processing, the heating element can be treated with a laser.
Die Laserbehandlung kann sich dabei entweder auf die mechanische Formgebung oder auch das Einstellen des Widerstandswertes beziehen. Das Einstellen des Widerstandswertes erfolgt in diesem Fall, bevor die Glasschicht und/oder das zweite Keramikelement aufgebracht wird.The laser treatment can refer either to the mechanical shaping or the adjustment of the resistance value. The setting of the resistance value in this case takes place before the glass layer and / or the second ceramic element is applied.
Das erfindungsgemäße Heizelement kann insbesondere eine Heizung, eine Zusatzheizung oder eine Zuheizung sein.The heating element according to the invention may in particular be a heater, an additional heater or a heater.
Für das erfindungsgemäße elektrische Heizungselement gibt es eine Reihe unterschiedlicher Anwendungsgebiete. Hierzu gehören beispielsweise Geräte, insbesondere Haushaltsgeräte, wie Haartrockner oder Heizlüfter.There are a number of different fields of application for the electrical heating element according to the invention. These include, for example, appliances, in particular household appliances, such as hair dryers or fan heaters.
Des weiteren kann das erfindungsgemäße elektrische Heizungselement für Heizsysteme in Fahrzeugen Anwendung finden. Hierzu ist beispielhaft zu nennen die Verwendung in Zügen oder Kraftfahrzeugen.Furthermore, the electric heating element according to the invention can be used for heating systems in vehicles. This is exemplified by the use in trains or motor vehicles.
Für die Beheizung von Kraftfahrzeugen beispielsweise wurde in der Vergangenheit oft ausschließlich die Abwärme des Verbrennungsmotors verwendet. Bei neueren Fahrzeugen ist die Abwärme des Verbrennungsmotors oft deutlich verringert. Um den Komfort, insbesondere in Kraftfahrzeugen, zu erhöhen, kann das erfindungsgemäße elektrische Heizungselement daher auch als Zusatzheizung oder Zuheizung Anwendung finden.For heating motor vehicles, for example, in the past often only the waste heat of the internal combustion engine was used. In newer vehicles, the waste heat of the internal combustion engine is often significantly reduced. In order to increase the comfort, especially in motor vehicles, the electric heating element according to the invention can therefore also be used as additional heating or auxiliary heating.
- 11
- HeizungselementHeating element
- 1010
- erster Bereich des Heizungselementsfirst area of the heating element
- 1212
- zweiter Bereich des Heizungselementssecond area of the heating element
- 1414
- erstes Keramiksubstratfirst ceramic substrate
- 1616
- Widerstandsschichtresistance layer
- 1818
- Glasschichtglass layer
- 2020
- zweites Keramiksubstratsecond ceramic substrate
Claims (10)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
characterized,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das erste (14) und/oder zweite (20) Keramiksubstrat aus Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) hergestellt ist und/oder
dass die Widerstandsschicht (16) aus einer Widerstandspaste hergestellt ist.Electric heating element according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the first (14) and / or second (20) ceramic substrate is made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and / or
the resistance layer (16) is made of a resistor paste.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Glasschicht (18) ein Material mit einem Schmelzpunkt zwischen 500 °C und 700 °C umfasst.Electric heating element according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
the glass layer (18) comprises a material having a melting point between 500 ° C and 700 ° C.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das erste (14) und/oder zweite (20) Keramiksubstrat Lötflächen aufweist.Electric heating element according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that
the first (14) and / or second (20) ceramic substrate has soldering surfaces.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
characterized,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
das erste (14) und/oder zweite (16) Keramiksubstrat aus Aluminiumoxid (Al2O3) hergestellt wird und/oder dass für die Glasschicht (18) ein Material mit einem Schmelzpunkt zwischen 500 °C und 700 °C verwendet wird.Method according to claim 6 or 7,
characterized in that
the first (14) and / or second (16) ceramic substrate is made of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and / or that a material having a melting point between 500 ° C and 700 ° C is used for the glass layer (18).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Widerstandsschicht (16) aus einem pastösen Material auf das erste Keramiksubstrat (14) aufgetragen wird.Method according to one of claims 6 to 8,
characterized in that
the resistive layer (16) of a pasty material is applied to the first ceramic substrate (14).
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
mit der Widerstandsschicht (16) auch Leiterbahnen für weitere elektrische und/oder elektronische Komponenten und/oder weitere elektrische Anschlüsse aufgetragen werden.Method according to one of claims 6 to 9,
characterized in that
with the resistive layer (16) and printed conductors for further electrical and / or electronic components and / or other electrical connections are applied.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010000042A DE102010000042A1 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2010-01-11 | Electric heating element and a method for its production |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2343950A1 true EP2343950A1 (en) | 2011-07-13 |
Family
ID=43770602
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11150126A Withdrawn EP2343950A1 (en) | 2010-01-11 | 2011-01-04 | Electrical heating element and method for its production |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110168692A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2343950A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010000042A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20150013764A (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2015-02-05 | 베르-헬라 테르모콘트롤 게엠베하 | Electrical vehicle heater, in particular for vehicles having a hybrid drive or having an electric drive |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR764622A (en) * | 1933-11-04 | 1934-05-25 | Doherty Res Co | electric heating element |
GB418866A (en) * | 1933-10-26 | 1934-11-01 | Doherty Res Co | Improvements in electric hot plates and similar heaters |
CH389116A (en) * | 1957-02-05 | 1965-03-15 | Kanthal Ab | Electrical resistance |
DE3545267A1 (en) | 1985-12-20 | 1987-06-25 | Krups Stiftung | Panel heating element which can be heated by electrical power |
GB2343352A (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-05-03 | Otter Controls Ltd | Two stage thick film element for a percolator |
US6118109A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 2000-09-12 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Heating device for sheet material |
FR2862374A1 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-05-20 | Kj Soc | Heating panel for forming heating sheath on e.g. wall, has plate with thickness lower than four millimeters, and layer made up of insulating and thermally conductive material, and having thickness slightly greater than thickness of plate |
EP0914021B1 (en) | 1997-10-28 | 2005-10-12 | NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Ceramic heater |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2329424A1 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Flat printed circuit heating element - comprises refractory plate sandwich |
NL8801182A (en) * | 1987-10-01 | 1989-05-01 | Interconnection B V | HEATING ELEMENT. |
DE19720880A1 (en) * | 1997-05-17 | 1998-11-19 | Ego Elektro Geraetebau Gmbh | Electric heating element with thermally conductive layer |
DE19727913A1 (en) * | 1997-07-01 | 1999-01-07 | Daimler Benz Ag | Ceramic housing and process for its manufacture |
JP2001196152A (en) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-07-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Ceramics heater |
US7106167B2 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2006-09-12 | Heetronix | Stable high temperature sensor system with tungsten on AlN |
-
2010
- 2010-01-11 DE DE102010000042A patent/DE102010000042A1/en active Pending
-
2011
- 2011-01-04 EP EP11150126A patent/EP2343950A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-01-10 US US12/987,719 patent/US20110168692A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB418866A (en) * | 1933-10-26 | 1934-11-01 | Doherty Res Co | Improvements in electric hot plates and similar heaters |
FR764622A (en) * | 1933-11-04 | 1934-05-25 | Doherty Res Co | electric heating element |
CH389116A (en) * | 1957-02-05 | 1965-03-15 | Kanthal Ab | Electrical resistance |
DE3545267A1 (en) | 1985-12-20 | 1987-06-25 | Krups Stiftung | Panel heating element which can be heated by electrical power |
US6118109A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 2000-09-12 | Rohm Co., Ltd. | Heating device for sheet material |
EP0914021B1 (en) | 1997-10-28 | 2005-10-12 | NGK Spark Plug Co. Ltd. | Ceramic heater |
GB2343352A (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-05-03 | Otter Controls Ltd | Two stage thick film element for a percolator |
FR2862374A1 (en) * | 2003-11-18 | 2005-05-20 | Kj Soc | Heating panel for forming heating sheath on e.g. wall, has plate with thickness lower than four millimeters, and layer made up of insulating and thermally conductive material, and having thickness slightly greater than thickness of plate |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110168692A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
DE102010000042A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
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