EP2342523A1 - Ailette pour echangeur de chaleur et echangeur de chaleur comportant une telle ailette - Google Patents
Ailette pour echangeur de chaleur et echangeur de chaleur comportant une telle ailetteInfo
- Publication number
- EP2342523A1 EP2342523A1 EP09823102A EP09823102A EP2342523A1 EP 2342523 A1 EP2342523 A1 EP 2342523A1 EP 09823102 A EP09823102 A EP 09823102A EP 09823102 A EP09823102 A EP 09823102A EP 2342523 A1 EP2342523 A1 EP 2342523A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fin
- heat exchanger
- tubes
- hole
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000009482 yaws Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
- F28F1/325—Fins with openings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2240/00—Spacing means
Definitions
- Aitett ⁇ for heat exchanger and heat exchanger comprising a fin tiler
- the invention relates to a fin for a heat exchanger and a heat exchanger comprising a fin fin.
- a fin for a heat exchanger comprising a body provided with at least one hole for the passage of a tube of the heat exchanger and a means called spacing, fin in which the hole has an outline with two so-called large sides and two so-called small sides, and, wherein the spacing means is located on a small side of the contour of the passage hole of the tube.
- a ile fin is used in a mechanical type said exchanger with reference to its method of assembly, for example an engine cooling radiator,
- a mechanical type heat exchanger is generally composed of at least one heat exchange bundle comprising tubes and heat exchange elements, called fins.
- the fins are placed parallel to each other and perpendicular to the tubes. In other words, the fins are superimposed on each other,
- the fins are pierced with holes for the passage of the tubes, the number of holes being equal to the number of tubes of said row.
- Maintaining the tubes-aillettes beam is made mechanically by means of a tool, also called olive, introduced inside the tubes so as to deform the walls of the tubes and forcibly apply against the holes made in the fins.
- a tool also called olive
- the fins are spaced two by two in a separation step, of the order of a millimeter, for example.
- the ends of the tubes are then each inserted in a collector plate provided with openings for receiving the tubes.
- the collector plates are subsequently capped by lids so as to form collector boxes.
- a fin as described above is known in particular from US 3,771,595.
- This spacing means is obtained by cutting and perforating the metal strip constituting the fin in an identical cut the shape of the section of the tubes, while sparing pieces of material around the perimeter of the cut. These pieces of material, also called collars, are then raised to form the spacing means,
- the heat exchanger of US 3,771,595 has oval section tubes.
- the passage holes for the tubes of the fin are therefore also oval with two perpendicular axes of symmetry respectively having a large and a small dimension.
- these fins have the disadvantage that they can not be applied to heat exchangers in which the separation pitch between two fins is greater than the smallest dimension of the through hole for the heat exchanger tube.
- the separation step of the aiietîe can not be greater than the small size of the passage hole of the tube.
- the separation step is limited by the height of the collar.
- the invention proposes a fin as described above, wherein the spacing means comprises a bearing surface adapted to support another fin
- Such a fin makes it possible to obtain a separation pitch greater than the smallest dimension of the tube passage and this taking into account a possible recalibration of the separation step.
- the bearing surface is located in the extension of the spacer means, which adjusts the separation step regardless of the height of the spacer or collar.
- the bearing surface capable of supporting another fin is made from the material of said spacer means
- the bearing surface adapted to support another fin is made in the form of a raised edge substantially parallel to a so-called plane of general extension of the fin,
- the fin additionally comprises at least one means capable of disturbing a flow of air passing through the fin
- louvers The means capable of disturbing the air flow is achieved by louvers, said louvers being parallel to the direction of said air flow.
- the invention also relates to a heat exchanger comprising at least one fin as described above and in which the fin is traversed by heat exchange tubes.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic view of a mechanical type heat exchanger
- FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view from above of a bundle of tubes and fins according to the invention
- FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a fin according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 represents a partial view in perspective and on the side of a bundle of tubes and fins according to the invention
- FIG. 5 represents the different steps of a part of the method of manufacturing a fin according to the invention
- a heat exchanger 1 of the mechanical type comprises two manifolds 2, The manifolds 2 are put in communication via at least one series of aligned tubes 4 in which circulate a heat transfer fluid.
- the heat exchanger 1 may in particular be used as a cooling radiator of the engine coolant.
- the coolant is engine coolant such as, for example, water with added glycol.
- the tubes 4 are of obedient shape with two so-called large sides and two so-called small sides, the small sides being of rounded shape.
- the large opposite sides each have a concavity.
- This form of tube is also called “bean” or "peanut” form.
- the tubes 4 are aligned in parallel in a direction said first direction.
- the first direction is, here, perpendicular to the direction of a flow of air F through the heat exchanger. In other words, the tubes are superimposed on each other in a first direction.
- the coolant circulating in the tubes 4 exchanges calories with the air flow F.
- the manifolds 2 exchange elements parallel fins, here made in the form of fins 6.
- a fin 6 is intended to be traversed by the air flow in a given direction said second direction.
- the fins 6 are arranged transversely to the axis of the tubes 4 and parallel to the manifolds 2. In other words, the fins 6 are superimposed on each other, the distance separating two adjacent fins being designated by separation step.
- the direction of superposition of the fins 6 is perpendicular to the direction of superposition of tubes 4.
- the fins 6 are metal strips of substantially rectangular shape and have dimensions in width and in length substantially equal to those of the manifolds 2, Each fin 6 extends substantially in a plane called yaws general extension.
- a fin 6 comprises a body provided with at least one hole 8 for the passage of a tube 4 of the heat exchanger 1. This hole is shown in Figure 3 of the present application.
- the hole 8 has an outline, here elongated corresponding to the shape of the tube 4 passing through the fin 6.
- the contour of the tube 8 comprises two so-called long sides 10 and two so-called small sides 12,
- the contour of the hole 8 has, here, an oblong shape where each of the two long sides 10 has a concavity.
- oblong shape means a shape longer than wide and having at both ends a rounded portion.
- the fin 6 further comprises a so-called spacing means 14.
- the spacing means 14, also called pin, is, here, located on a small side 12 of the contour of the hole 8 for passage of the tube 4.
- ie spacing means 14 is placed perpendicular to the direction of the air flow F.
- the spacing means 14 extends from the body of the metal band constituting the fin and this in a plane different from the general plane of extension of the fin 6.
- the spacing means 14 extends substantially perpendicular to the general extension plane of the fin.
- the spacing means 14 is here made from the material of the fin body 6.
- the spacing means 14 is obtained by, in particular, punching and lifting the metal forming the fin 6. During punching, it is expected to leave two strands of material, these two strands are then raised to form the means of spacing 14.
- the spacing means or collar 14 makes it possible to define the separation step between two adjacent fins of the heat exchange bundle. As a reminder, separation step means the distance separating two fins in the direction of stacking them in the heat exchanger.
- the collar 14 further comprises a surface 16 adapted to support another fin.
- the spacing means 14 is provided with an outgrowth 16 extending in a plane different from the plane of extension of the latter.
- the protrusion or bearing surface 16 of the spacer means extends substantially parallel to the general extension plane of the fin 6. This protrusion allows the maintenance of a regular separation pitch between the fins 6 of the heat exchanger 1.
- a surface 16 adapted to support another fin can be seen as a protuberance unfolding in a plane different from that of the collar 14.
- the surface 16 adapted to support another fin is made in the form of a raised edge or tongue 16.
- the spacing means 14 has an end connected to the fin 6 and a the distal end of the end connected to the fin 6, the distal end of the spacer means 14 comprises the bearing surface 16, which here extends substantially parallel to the general extension plane of the fin 6.
- the tongue 16 is in the extension of the spacing means 14 and is substantially elongate in shape, flat and narrow.
- the connection between the spacing means 14 and the tongue 16 is effected via, here, a radiated part.
- the tongue 16 is connected to the collar 14.
- the tongue 16 is made of material material from the spacing means 14 and the body of the fin 6.
- the surface 16 adapted to support another fin is obtained by rolling out the two strands of material forming the spacing means 14. This rolling is obtained using a radially punched.
- a fin 6 according to the invention thus makes it possible to reuse a part of the material which is normally discarded after punching to create the hole S for the tube. It will be noted that this additional material stored on the exchanger and in contact with the tube is only beneficial for heat exchange.
- the fin 6 further comprises at least one means 18 capable of disturbing the flow of air F.
- the means 18 capable of disturbing the flow of air F is produced by louvers parallel to the direction of the air flow. F.
- a fin 6 may in particular be obtained by a method comprising at least the following steps:
- step A The metal strip is punched so as to form the hole 8 for the passage of the tube 4 while retaining two strands of material 14 (step A), the two strands of material 14 are raised with a punch and 'a matrix
- step C The two strands of material 14 are turned towards the outside of hole 8 by means of a radially punched punch (step C) so as to form the surface 16 able to support another fin.
- the punching is carried out using punches adapted to the shape of the tube.
- the punches used have a form called peanuts.
- Additional manufacturing steps may be provided in which the height of the strands of material 14 is calibrated to obtain the desired pitch by means of a shaving pile and / or forming transverse slits in order to obtain the average 18 capable of disturbing the flow of air, and / or splitting the metal strip to obtain at least two metal strips.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0806005A FR2937719B1 (fr) | 2008-10-29 | 2008-10-29 | Ailette pour echangeur de chaleur et echangeur de chaleur comportant une telle ailette |
PCT/EP2009/063256 WO2010049261A1 (fr) | 2008-10-29 | 2009-10-12 | Ailette pour echangeur de chaleur et echangeur de chaleur comportant une telle ailette |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2342523A1 true EP2342523A1 (fr) | 2011-07-13 |
EP2342523B1 EP2342523B1 (fr) | 2017-04-12 |
Family
ID=40718834
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09823102.0A Active EP2342523B1 (fr) | 2008-10-29 | 2009-10-12 | Ailette pour echangeur de chaleur et echangeur de chaleur comportant une telle ailette |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2342523B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102272547A (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0920049B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2937719B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2011004502A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2010049261A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (45)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012130333A1 (fr) * | 2011-04-01 | 2012-10-04 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Ailette pour echangeur de chaleur et echangeur de chaleur equipe de telles ailettes. |
EP2674452B1 (fr) | 2012-06-13 | 2018-03-07 | Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH | Mélange de gommage pouvant être mis en réseau de souffre |
DE102012107608A1 (de) | 2012-08-20 | 2014-02-20 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Kautschukmischung |
DE102012107607A1 (de) | 2012-08-20 | 2014-02-20 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Kautschukmischung |
DE102012110121A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2014-04-24 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugluftreifen |
DE102013101343A1 (de) | 2012-10-24 | 2014-04-24 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugluftreifen |
DE102012112320A1 (de) | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-18 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung |
DE102012112596A1 (de) | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung |
US10113812B2 (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2018-10-30 | Denso Corporation | Heat exchanger and manufacturing method thereof |
DE102013103945A1 (de) | 2013-04-18 | 2014-10-23 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Fahrzeugluftreifen |
DE102013108937A1 (de) | 2013-08-19 | 2015-02-19 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung |
DE102013110720A1 (de) | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-02 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugluftreifen |
ES2612554T3 (es) | 2013-09-27 | 2017-05-17 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Mezcla de caucho reticulable con azufre |
DE102013110719A1 (de) | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-02 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugluftreifen |
ES2612552T3 (es) | 2013-09-27 | 2017-05-17 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Mezcla de caucho reticulable con azufre |
ES2606834T3 (es) | 2013-12-20 | 2017-03-28 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Mezcla de caucho y neumáticos de coche |
DE102014202749A1 (de) | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugreifen |
DE102014202748A1 (de) | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-20 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugreifen |
DE102014207668A1 (de) | 2014-04-23 | 2015-10-29 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugreifen |
DE102014214063A1 (de) | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-21 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Vulkanisat und Fahrzeugreifen sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
EP3059240B1 (fr) | 2015-02-18 | 2019-10-30 | Trinseo Europe GmbH | Multivinylaminosilanes comme agents de ramification pour des polymères élastomères fonctionnalisés |
FR3037388B1 (fr) * | 2015-06-12 | 2019-07-26 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Ailette d'un echangeur thermique notamment pour vehicule automobile, et echangeur thermique correspondant |
FR3038975B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-17 | 2019-08-09 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Echangeur de chaleur a ailettes ameliorees |
FR3038976B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-17 | 2019-08-09 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Echangeur de chaleur a ailettes comprenant des persiennes ameliorees |
HUE039540T2 (hu) | 2015-10-21 | 2019-01-28 | Trinseo Europe Gmbh | Elasztomer polimerek funkcionalizálása során történõ alkalmazásra szolgáló aminoszilán-funkcionalizált diének |
CN106918261B (zh) * | 2015-12-25 | 2022-03-08 | 浙江盾安热工科技有限公司 | 一种翅片及热交换器 |
ES2717151T3 (es) | 2016-06-17 | 2019-06-19 | Trinseo Europe Gmbh | Potenciamiento mediado por silano de la estabilidad de almacenamiento de caucho |
WO2018033316A1 (fr) | 2016-08-17 | 2018-02-22 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Mélange de caoutchouc, mélange de caoutchouc réticulable au soufre et pneumatique de véhicule |
CN109641480A (zh) | 2016-08-17 | 2019-04-16 | 大陆轮胎德国有限公司 | 硫可交联的橡胶混合物以及车辆轮胎 |
EP3330657B1 (fr) | 2016-12-01 | 2020-10-28 | Modine Manufacturing Company | Lamelle d'évacuation de l'air d'un échangeur de chaleur et son procédé de fabrication |
DE102017211247A1 (de) | 2017-07-03 | 2019-01-03 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung |
EP3434699B1 (fr) | 2017-07-27 | 2020-01-01 | Trinseo Europe GmbH | Utilisation de monomères aminosilyl spécifiques dans la fabrication de caoutchouc |
DE102017218948A1 (de) | 2017-10-24 | 2019-04-25 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Fahrzeugluftreifen |
DE102018217197A1 (de) | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-09 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung |
JP7044991B2 (ja) | 2018-11-07 | 2022-03-31 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 熱交換器および空気調和機 |
DE102018221587A1 (de) | 2018-12-13 | 2020-06-18 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Spike und Fahrzeugluftreifen |
DE102020204151A1 (de) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-09-30 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Gummierungsmischung |
DE102020204152A1 (de) | 2020-03-31 | 2021-09-30 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Gummierungsmischung |
EP3907257A1 (fr) | 2020-05-05 | 2021-11-10 | Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH | Mélange d'engommage réticulable au soufre |
EP3907254A1 (fr) | 2020-05-05 | 2021-11-10 | Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH | Mélange d'engommage réticulable au soufre |
DE102020209894A1 (de) | 2020-08-05 | 2022-02-10 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Schwefelvernetzbare Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugluftreifen |
DE102020211749A1 (de) | 2020-09-21 | 2022-03-24 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Vernetzungsfähige Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugluftreifen |
DE102021206274A1 (de) | 2021-06-18 | 2022-12-22 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Kautschukmischung und Reifen |
EP4186911A1 (fr) | 2021-11-30 | 2023-05-31 | Trinseo Europe GmbH | Vinyldisiloxanes contenant des amines dans la fabrication de polymères élastomères |
DE102022207322A1 (de) | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-18 | Continental Reifen Deutschland Gmbh | Vernetzungsfähige Kautschukmischung und Fahrzeugluftreifen |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3771595A (en) * | 1971-09-22 | 1973-11-13 | Modine Mfg Co | Heat exchange device |
JPH03184645A (ja) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-08-12 | Hidaka Seiki Kk | 熱交換器用フィン及びその製造法 |
JPH109787A (ja) * | 1996-04-25 | 1998-01-16 | Denso Corp | プレートフィン型熱交換器 |
DE19741856A1 (de) * | 1997-09-23 | 1999-03-25 | Behr Gmbh & Co | Rippe für einen Wärmeübertrager und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rippendurchzügen in derartigen Rippen |
FR2866698B1 (fr) * | 2004-02-24 | 2017-11-24 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | Echangeur de chaleur a ailettes avec pattes d'espacement |
FR2909912B1 (fr) * | 2006-12-14 | 2012-08-31 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Procede de realisation d'une ailette pour echangeur de chaleur, ailette obtenue par un tel procede et echangeur de chaleur comportant une telle ailette |
-
2008
- 2008-10-29 FR FR0806005A patent/FR2937719B1/fr active Active
-
2009
- 2009-10-12 WO PCT/EP2009/063256 patent/WO2010049261A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-10-12 BR BRPI0920049-5A patent/BRPI0920049B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-10-12 MX MX2011004502A patent/MX2011004502A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-10-12 CN CN200980153050.0A patent/CN102272547A/zh active Pending
- 2009-10-12 EP EP09823102.0A patent/EP2342523B1/fr active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2010049261A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102272547A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
EP2342523B1 (fr) | 2017-04-12 |
FR2937719A1 (fr) | 2010-04-30 |
WO2010049261A1 (fr) | 2010-05-06 |
BRPI0920049A2 (pt) | 2015-12-15 |
FR2937719B1 (fr) | 2013-12-27 |
MX2011004502A (es) | 2011-05-24 |
BRPI0920049B1 (pt) | 2022-05-10 |
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