EP2342010A2 - Ultra-fine cellulose - Google Patents

Ultra-fine cellulose

Info

Publication number
EP2342010A2
EP2342010A2 EP09741223A EP09741223A EP2342010A2 EP 2342010 A2 EP2342010 A2 EP 2342010A2 EP 09741223 A EP09741223 A EP 09741223A EP 09741223 A EP09741223 A EP 09741223A EP 2342010 A2 EP2342010 A2 EP 2342010A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
additive
cellulose according
coatings
cellulose
films
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09741223A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans-Georg Brendle
Harald Schlosser
Armin Ungerer
Etsuo Shinagawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
J Rettenmaier and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Rettenmaier and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Rettenmaier and Soehne GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Rettenmaier and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2342010A2 publication Critical patent/EP2342010A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B1/00—Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of cellulose, both in the form of pure cellulose, as well as together with hemicelluloses and / or lignin.
  • Cellulose is obtained from wood.
  • the individual tree species provide celluloses of different properties.
  • Annual plants are also used to produce cellulose, for example wheat straw, bagasse and the like. Reference is made to WO 2006/034837 A2.
  • cellulose is generally the major constituent of the finished product.
  • cellulose is also an additive, for example as a component of so-called coating color, which is applied to finished paper webs or board webs.
  • the coating color generally consists of a dispersion, for example based on kaolin.
  • cellulose can be used as an additive for the coating color.
  • the cellulose is comminuted by different treatments, for example, to a particle size in the nano range.
  • the diameter of the cellulose particles is preferably less than 5 ⁇ m, more preferably less than 1 ⁇ m.
  • Sample preparation Preparation of an approx. 6% suspension using Ultra Turrax (3 min., Step 4). Measure according to the method Laser Particle Analysis Coulter LS 230. Immediately before the measurement, the sample is diluted again with distilled water and approx. 1 min. dispersed in an ultrasonic bath.
  • the humidity of the product is max. 15% (weight loss at 105 ° C, 2 h, drying oven), preferably max. 12% and more preferably max. 8th %.
  • Ultrafine cellulose is dispersible in most media like other low shear powders (propeller stirrer). It is suitable for aqueous and non-aqueous applications.
  • ultrafine cellulose can act as a carrier for these additives because of their large surface area.
  • the additives may modify the ultrafine cellulose, whether to positively affect the production of ultrafine cellulose or the properties in the respective applications. Conceivable couplers for a better bond in plastics, cationizing agents and the like.
  • ultrafine dry cellulose can be used in many applications as a functional additive and / or as an organic fine filler, especially where very thin layers play a role or the largest possible surface area is desired. Very important and surprising, however, is the extraordinary binding power which is produced by cellulose of the type mentioned.
  • Filter aids in precoat filtration or in filter layers, for demanding filtration tasks, for example in beverage filtration;
  • Coatings such as paints and varnishes, glazes,
  • Lacquer coatings acrylic coatings, coil coatings and powder coatings, PU coatings, leather / artificial leather coatings for
  • Thixotropic agents and anti-settling agents for construction chemical formulations in polyurethane leather; as a carrier;
  • Plastics thermoplastics, thermosets to improve the mechanical properties, the printability and the
  • Rubber and / or rubber products Rubber and / or rubber products
  • the ultrafine cellulose improves the color stability during storage and reduces the rub-out. In the presence of a sufficient amount of fine corundum
  • ARBOCEL ® UFC is used to improve levitation, Sheen 65 ° and 80 ° matting due to its transparency, scratch resistance and drip-free properties, due to its chemical structure synergy with polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polycarbonate polyol, polyurethane polyol and polyacrylate polyol ARBOCEL ® UFC contributes significantly to the flexibilization and modification of the binder.
  • Raw materials 1 to 5 are presented in a stainless steel container and with
  • Dissolver disc (0 75 mm) dispersed for 5 minutes at 2000 rpm. This is followed by addition of raw material e and 7, then dispersed for 5 minutes. Then raw material e is added and dispersed for another 10 minutes. The paint is then allowed to vent. Components such as silica are added last. After stirring in the silica, the paint is stored for 1 day or 10 days at 23 ° C and 50% RH. Subsequently, the viscosity is determined. Guideline recipe - paintwork
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the number (in percent) of the particle diameter.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of ultra fine, dry cellulose having a particle diameter of between 20nm and 15μm as an additive for filtration aids. The invention also relates to additional substances measured according to laser-particle analysis methods using Coulter LS 230 equipment.

Description

Ultrafeine Cellulose Ultrafine cellulose
Die Erfindung betrifft das Gebiet der Cellulose, und zwar sowohl in Form von reiner Cellulose, als auch zusammen mit Hemicellulosen und/oder Lignin. Cellulose wird aus Holz gewonnen. Die einzelnen Baumarten liefern Cellulosen unterschiedlicher Eigenschaften. Auch Einjahrespflanzen werden zum Herstellen von Cellulose verwendet, zum Beispiel Weizenstroh, Bagasse u.a. Auf WO 2006/034837 A2 wird verwiesen.The invention relates to the field of cellulose, both in the form of pure cellulose, as well as together with hemicelluloses and / or lignin. Cellulose is obtained from wood. The individual tree species provide celluloses of different properties. Annual plants are also used to produce cellulose, for example wheat straw, bagasse and the like. Reference is made to WO 2006/034837 A2.
Cellulosen der genannten Art werden für vielfältige Zwecke verwendet. Bei der Herstellung von Papier und Karton ist Cellulose im Allgemeinen der Hauptbestandteil des fertigen Produktes. Jedoch kommt Cellulose auch als Additiv in Betracht, beispielsweise als Bestandteil sogenannter Streichfarbe, die auf fertige Papierbahnen oder Kartonbahnen aufgetragen wird. Die Streichfarbe besteht im Allgemeinen aus einer Dispersion, beispielsweise auf Kaolin-Basis. Hier kann Cellulose als Additiv für die Streichfarbe verwendet werden.Celluloses of the type mentioned are used for a variety of purposes. In the manufacture of paper and board, cellulose is generally the major constituent of the finished product. However, cellulose is also an additive, for example as a component of so-called coating color, which is applied to finished paper webs or board webs. The coating color generally consists of a dispersion, for example based on kaolin. Here, cellulose can be used as an additive for the coating color.
Dabei wird die Cellulose durch unterschiedliche Behandlungen zerkleinert, beispielsweise auf eine Partikelgröße im Nanobereich.The cellulose is comminuted by different treatments, for example, to a particle size in the nano range.
Das Herstellen von Cellulose von derart geringer Partikelgröße erfordert einen hohen Aufwand an Einrichtungen, Personal und Zeit. Man hat sich daher mit den genannten geringen Partikelgrößen begnügt.The production of cellulose of such small particle size requires a lot of equipment, personnel and time. It has therefore been content with the mentioned small particle sizes.
Die Erfinder haben jedoch festgestellt, dass Cellulose als Additiv dann erstaunliche Vorteile bringt, wenn die bisher erreichte Partikelgröße noch unterschritten wird. Hier ist in erster Linie eine hohe Bindekraft zu nennen, die bei bestimmten Anwendungsfällen eine hohe Bedeutung hat.However, the inventors have found that cellulose as an additive then brings astonishing benefits if the previously achieved particle size is still exceeded. Here is primarily to call a high binding force, which has a high importance in certain applications.
Versuchsreihen haben ergeben, dass das Zug-E-Modul sowie weitereTest series have shown that the train modulus of elasticity and others
Festigkeitswerte bei Erreichen des genannten Bereichs gemäß Anspruch 1 signifikant ansteigen. Gemäß der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, ultrafeine, trockene Cellulose mit einer Partikelgröße von zwischen 20 nm und 15 μm insbesondere als Filterhilfsmittel zu verwenden. Auch andere Verwendungsarten kommen in Betracht. Die Messung erfolgt nach der Methode Laser-Partikel-Analyse Coulter LS 230. Der genannte Bereich schließt nicht aus, dass auch Extremwerte nach oben und nach unten auftreten.Strength values on reaching the stated range according to claim 1 increase significantly. According to the invention, it is proposed to use ultrafine, dry cellulose having a particle size of between 20 nm and 15 μm, in particular as filter aid. Other uses are also possible. The measurement is carried out according to the Laser Particle Analysis method Coulter LS 230. The mentioned range does not rule out that extreme values also occur upwards and downwards.
Der Durchmesser der Cellulosepartikel liegt vorzugsweise unter 5 μm, noch besser unter 1 μm.The diameter of the cellulose particles is preferably less than 5 μm, more preferably less than 1 μm.
Zur Messung lässt sich Folgendes sagen:The following can be said for the measurement:
Probenvorbereitung: Ansetzen einer ca. 6%-igen Suspension mittels Ultra Turrax (3 min., Stufe 4) Messen nach der Methode Laser-Partikel-Analyse Coulter LS 230. Unmittelbar vor der Messung wird die Probe nochmals mit destilliertem Wasser verdünnt und ca. 1 min. im Ultraschallbad dispergiert.Sample preparation: Preparation of an approx. 6% suspension using Ultra Turrax (3 min., Step 4). Measure according to the method Laser Particle Analysis Coulter LS 230. Immediately before the measurement, the sample is diluted again with distilled water and approx. 1 min. dispersed in an ultrasonic bath.
Die Feuchte des Produkts beträgt max. 15 % (Gewichtsverlust bei 105° C, 2 h, Trockenschrank), bevorzugt max. 12 % und besonders bevorzugt max. 8 %.The humidity of the product is max. 15% (weight loss at 105 ° C, 2 h, drying oven), preferably max. 12% and more preferably max. 8th %.
Ultrafeine Cellulose ist in den meisten Medien wie andere Pulver mit geringen Scherkräften (Propellerrührer) dispergierbar. Sie eignet sich für wässrige und nichtwässrige Anwendungen.Ultrafine cellulose is dispersible in most media like other low shear powders (propeller stirrer). It is suitable for aqueous and non-aqueous applications.
In vielen Fällen ist die Zugabe von Additiven denkbar und sinnvoll. Dabei kann die ultrafeine Cellulose aufgrund ihrer großen Oberfläche als Trägerstoff für diese Additive fungieren. Alternativ können die Additive die ultrafeine Cellulose modifizieren, sei es, um die Herstellung der ultrafeinen Cellulose oder die Eigenschaften in den jeweiligen Anwendungen positiv zu beeinflussen. Denkbar sind Koppler für einen besseren Verbund in Kunststoffen, Kationisierungsmittel und ähnliches. Ultrafeine trockene Cellulose kann aufgrund ihrer besonderen Eigenschaften in vielen Anwendungen als funktionelles Additiv und/oder als organischer Fein- Füllstoff zum Einsatz kommen, vor allem dort, wo sehr dünne Schichten eine Rolle spielen oder eine möglichst große Oberfläche gewünscht wird. Ganz wichtig und überraschend ist aber die außerordentliche Bindekraft, welche von Cellulose der genannten Art erzeugt wird.In many cases, the addition of additives is conceivable and useful. The ultrafine cellulose can act as a carrier for these additives because of their large surface area. Alternatively, the additives may modify the ultrafine cellulose, whether to positively affect the production of ultrafine cellulose or the properties in the respective applications. Conceivable couplers for a better bond in plastics, cationizing agents and the like. Because of its special properties, ultrafine dry cellulose can be used in many applications as a functional additive and / or as an organic fine filler, especially where very thin layers play a role or the largest possible surface area is desired. Very important and surprising, however, is the extraordinary binding power which is produced by cellulose of the type mentioned.
Im Einzelnen kommen für die Verwendung als Additiv die folgenden Anwendungen in Betracht;Specifically, for use as an additive, the following applications are contemplated;
Filterhilfsmittel zur Erhöhung der Klärschärfe, zum Beispiel alsFilter aid to increase the clarification, for example as
Filterhilfsmittel in der Anschwemmfiltration oder in Filterschichten, für anspruchsvolle Filtrationsaufgaben, zum Beispiel in der Getränkefiltration;Filter aids in precoat filtration or in filter layers, for demanding filtration tasks, for example in beverage filtration;
Folien zur Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschaften und derFilms for improving the mechanical properties and the
Bedruckbarkeit und/oder als Aromabarriere in Verpackungsfolien;Printability and / or as aroma barrier in packaging films;
Beschichtungen wie zum Beispiel Farben und Lacke, Lasuren,Coatings such as paints and varnishes, glazes,
Lackbeschichtungen, Acrylbeschichtungen, Coil Coatings und Pulverlacke, PU-Beschichtungen, Leder-/Kunstlederbeschichtungen zurLacquer coatings, acrylic coatings, coil coatings and powder coatings, PU coatings, leather / artificial leather coatings for
Verbesserung der Verarbeitungseigenschaften beimImprovement of processing properties during
Beschichtungsprozess und verbesserte mechanische und thermischeCoating process and improved mechanical and thermal
Eigenschafen der Beschichtung selbst;Properties of the coating itself;
Thixotropiermittel und Antiabsetzmittel für bauchemische Formulierungen; in Polyurethanleder; als Trägerstoff;Thixotropic agents and anti-settling agents for construction chemical formulations; in polyurethane leather; as a carrier;
Stabilisator für Polymerdispersionen;Stabilizer for polymer dispersions;
Kunststoffe (Thermoplaste, Duroplaste) zur Verbesserung der mechanischen Eigenschaften, der Bedruckbarkeit und derPlastics (thermoplastics, thermosets) to improve the mechanical properties, the printability and the
Oberflächenmodifikation;Surface modification;
Laminat-Fußböden/Bodenbeläge; Reifen;Laminate flooring / floor coverings; Tires;
Kautschuk und/oder Gummierzeugnisse;Rubber and / or rubber products;
Schuhcreme, Zahnpasta, Kosmetikartikel.Shoe polish, toothpaste, cosmetics.
Anwendungsbeispiele:Application examples:
Beispiel 1 : Laminat-Overlay und Lacke mit FeinkorundExample 1: Laminate Overlay and Paints with Fine Corundum
Die ultrafeine Cellulose verbessert die Farbtonstabilität bei Lagerung und verringert den Rub-out. In Gegenwart einer ausreichenden Menge FeinkorundThe ultrafine cellulose improves the color stability during storage and reduces the rub-out. In the presence of a sufficient amount of fine corundum
< 1 μm werden kratzfeste Coatings erhalten.<1 μm scratch resistant coatings are obtained.
Weiterhin ist es möglich, UFC in Form von Compounds an Korund anzubinden: hierzu können wiederum Reaktivharze eingesetzt werden.Furthermore, it is possible to bind UFC in the form of compounds to corundum: for this purpose, in turn, reactive resins can be used.
ARBOCEL® UFC wird eingesetzt, um Schwebeverhalten, Mattierung (Sheen 65° und 80° aufgrund Transparenz, Kratzfestigkeit und Tropffreiheit zu verbessern. Eine Synergie tritt aufgrund der chemischen Struktur insbesondere mit Polyetherpolyol, Polyesterpolyol, Polycarbonat-Polyol, Polyurethanpolyol und Polyacrylatpolyol auf. ARBOCEL® UFC trägt wesentlich zur Flexibilisierung und Modifizierung des Bindemittels bei.ARBOCEL ® UFC is used to improve levitation, Sheen 65 ° and 80 ° matting due to its transparency, scratch resistance and drip-free properties, due to its chemical structure synergy with polyether polyol, polyester polyol, polycarbonate polyol, polyurethane polyol and polyacrylate polyol ARBOCEL ® UFC contributes significantly to the flexibilization and modification of the binder.
Beispiel 2: - UFC für MalerlackExample 2: - UFC for paintwork
Rohstoffe 1 bis 5 werden im Edelstahlbehälter vorgelegt und mitRaw materials 1 to 5 are presented in a stainless steel container and with
Dissolverscheibe (0 75 mm) 5 Minuten bei 2000 U/min dispergiert. Danach erfolgt Zugabe von Rohstoff e und 7, dann wird 5 Minuten dispergiert. Dann wird Rohstoff e zugegeben und noch 10 Minuten dispergiert. Man lässt den Lack anschließend entlüften. Komponenten wie Siliciumdioxid werden zuletzt zugegeben. Nach Einrühren des Siliciumdioxids wird der Lack 1 Tag beziehungsweise 10 Tage bei 23° C und 50 % r.F. gelagert. Anschließend wird die Viskosität bestimmt. Richtrezeptur - Malerlack Dissolver disc (0 75 mm) dispersed for 5 minutes at 2000 rpm. This is followed by addition of raw material e and 7, then dispersed for 5 minutes. Then raw material e is added and dispersed for another 10 minutes. The paint is then allowed to vent. Components such as silica are added last. After stirring in the silica, the paint is stored for 1 day or 10 days at 23 ° C and 50% RH. Subsequently, the viscosity is determined. Guideline recipe - paintwork
Richtrezeptur - Strukturviskose Dispersionslasur Figur 1 ist ein Diagramm, dass das Volumen der Cellulose über den Partikeldurchmesser (= Partikelgröße) in μm zeigt.Guideline formulation - Structural viscous dispersion glaze Figure 1 is a graph showing the volume of cellulose over the particle diameter (= particle size) in μm.
Figur 2 ist ein Diagramm, das die Anzahl (in Prozent) der Partikeldurchmesser zeigt. Figure 2 is a graph showing the number (in percent) of the particle diameter.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verwendung von Cellulose mit einem Partikeldurchmesser von zwischen 20 nm und 15 μm als Additiv für Filterhilfsmittel, sowie weitere Stoffe, gemessen nach der Methode Laser-Partikel-Analyse Coulter LS 230.1. Use of cellulose having a particle diameter of between 20 nm and 15 .mu.m as an additive for filter aids, and other substances, measured by the method laser particle analysis Coulter LS 230.
2. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für Beschichtungen.2. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for coatings.
3. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 für die folgenden Beschichtungen:3. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 for the following coatings:
Lacke;paints;
Farben; - Dispersionsfarben;Colours; - emulsion paints;
Acrylbeschichtungen;Acrylic coatings;
Coil-Coatings;Coil coatings;
Pulverlacke;Powder Coatings;
Polyurethanbeschichtungen; - Beschichtungen von Kunstleder und Echtleder;Polyurethane coatings; - coatings of artificial leather and genuine leather;
Lasuren.Glazes.
4. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für thermoplastische Folien, Cellophan-Folien, Folien aus Biopolymeren, Verpackungsfolien, biologisch abbaubare Folien.4. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for thermoplastic films, cellophane films, films made of biopolymers, packaging films, biodegradable films.
5. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für Polyurethanleder.5. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for polyurethane leather.
6. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für bauchemische Produkte, umfassend Fliesenkleber, zementöse Bau- und Konstruktionskleber, Dichtmassen, Silikondichtmassen, Bautenfarben und - lacke, Estriche, Spritzbeton, Gips, Putze, Mörtel.6. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for construction chemical products, comprising tile adhesive, cementitious construction and Construction adhesives, sealants, silicone sealing compounds, construction paints and varnishes, screeds, shotcrete, gypsum, plaster, mortar.
7. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 , gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung als Additiv in Thermoplasten, Duroplasten und anderen7. Use of cellulose according to claim 1, characterized by the use as an additive in thermoplastics, thermosets and others
Kunststoffen.Plastics.
8. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für Polymerdispersionen zur Stabilisierung.8. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for polymer dispersions for stabilization.
9. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für Laminat- Fußböden oder Bodenbeläge.9. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for laminate flooring or floor coverings.
10. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für Reifen, Kautschuk, Gummierzeugnisse.10. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for tires, rubber, rubber products.
11. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für Schuhcreme, Zahnpasta, Kosmetikartikeln wie Cremes, Lotionen, Sonnenschutzmittel, Shampoos, Duschgels.11. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for shoe polish, toothpaste, cosmetics such as creams, lotions, sunscreens, shampoos, shower gels.
12. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 als Additiv für Polysaccharide.12. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 as an additive for polysaccharides.
13. Verwendung von Cellulose gemäß Anspruch 1 zusammen mit Kieselsäure. 13. Use of cellulose according to claim 1 together with silicic acid.
EP09741223A 2008-10-15 2009-10-15 Ultra-fine cellulose Withdrawn EP2342010A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200810051359 DE102008051359A1 (en) 2008-10-15 2008-10-15 Ultrafine, dry cellulose
PCT/EP2009/007410 WO2010043397A2 (en) 2008-10-15 2009-10-15 Ultra-fine cellulose

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2342010A2 true EP2342010A2 (en) 2011-07-13

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EP09741223A Withdrawn EP2342010A2 (en) 2008-10-15 2009-10-15 Ultra-fine cellulose

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EP (1) EP2342010A2 (en)
DE (1) DE102008051359A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010043397A2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT513306A1 (en) * 2012-09-06 2014-03-15 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag Shaped body containing an elastomer and cellulosic particles

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DE4309845C2 (en) * 1993-03-26 1996-10-31 Seitz Filter Werke Filter material and process for its manufacture
DE69831077T2 (en) * 1997-06-26 2006-06-01 Asahi Medical Co. Ltd. FILTER MEDIUM FOR THE SEPARATION OF LEUKOCYTES
JP2001526733A (en) * 1997-12-14 2001-12-18 シェリンギッシェス インスティチュート フュア テクスチル−ウント クンストストッフェ−フォルシュング エー．ブイ． Method for producing regular granular cellulose, granular cellulose and use thereof
DE19804882A1 (en) * 1998-02-09 1999-08-12 Herzog Stefan Filter aid
US6660172B2 (en) * 2002-01-31 2003-12-09 Koslow Technologies Corporation Precoat filtration media and methods of making and using
WO2006034837A2 (en) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 J. Rettenmaier & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG Method for producing a cellulose-based material and material produced therewith
US20060186050A1 (en) * 2005-02-22 2006-08-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Devices and processes for removal of impurities from a fluid recovered from a subterranean environment
DE102006040899A1 (en) * 2006-08-31 2008-03-20 J. Rettenmaier & Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Method for recovering gold or silver comprises leaching out a gold or silver ore using a cyanide alkaline solution, filtering the solution to remove the leached ore, treating the filtrate using elemental zinc and further processing

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WO2010043397A3 (en) 2010-07-01
DE102008051359A1 (en) 2010-04-22

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