EP2340887A1 - Anlage zur Herstellung einer Emulsion von Wasser in Kohlenwasserstoffen - Google Patents

Anlage zur Herstellung einer Emulsion von Wasser in Kohlenwasserstoffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2340887A1
EP2340887A1 EP09425547A EP09425547A EP2340887A1 EP 2340887 A1 EP2340887 A1 EP 2340887A1 EP 09425547 A EP09425547 A EP 09425547A EP 09425547 A EP09425547 A EP 09425547A EP 2340887 A1 EP2340887 A1 EP 2340887A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
emulsifier
water
hydrocarbons
emulsion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09425547A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alberto Vigliotti
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ITI Srl
Original Assignee
ITI Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ITI Srl filed Critical ITI Srl
Priority to EP09425547A priority Critical patent/EP2340887A1/de
Publication of EP2340887A1 publication Critical patent/EP2340887A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/08—Preparation of fuel
    • F23K5/10—Mixing with other fluids
    • F23K5/12—Preparing emulsions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B01F23/4105—Methods of emulsifying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B01F23/411—Emulsifying using electrical or magnetic fields, heat or vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/70—Pre-treatment of the materials to be mixed
    • B01F23/705—Submitting materials to electrical energy fields to charge or ionize them
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
    • B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
    • B01F25/45211—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube the elements being cylinders or cones which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube, the flow changing from axial in radial and again in axial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/50—Circulation mixers, e.g. wherein at least part of the mixture is discharged from and reintroduced into a receptacle

Definitions

  • the present invention has for its object the emulsions of water in hydrocarbons, like for example diesel, biodiesel, thick fuel oil (residues of the petroleum distillation, like for example HFO, IFO, BTZ) and the like.
  • hydrocarbons like for example diesel, biodiesel, thick fuel oil (residues of the petroleum distillation, like for example HFO, IFO, BTZ) and the like.
  • the emulsions water/hydrocarbons constitute a modern technology for feding diesel motors and burners, can be formulated with fuels with very low content of sulphur, containing in case methylic esters of fatty acids (FAME), and are compatible with the modern emission lowering devices.
  • FAME methylic esters of fatty acids
  • the emulsions water/hydrocarbons are stabilised suspensions of water and hydrocarbons, like for example diesel, biodiesel, dense fuel oil (residues of the petroleum distillation, like for example HFO, IFO, BTZ) and the like.
  • the stabilisation is obtained by means of suitable surface-active substances which prevent for a sufficiently long period of time the separation of the two insoluble liquid phases.
  • the average dimension of the micro drops of water which are present in the emulsion is generally minor of ⁇ m.
  • the said emulsions are prepared in large amounts in industrial plants and are thereafter stocked also for long periods of time in suitable tanks, necessarily provided with re-circulation systems.
  • suitable tanks necessarily provided with re-circulation systems.
  • the emulsion may be broken prematurely, with partial separation of the two liquid not-miscible phases, it is necessary to add to the emulsion surface active substances with stabilising functions.
  • the plant shown comprises a unit 1 for demineralizing the water fed from the net line 2, through the valve 3.
  • the demineralized water is fed, through the line 4 and the valve 5, to the tank 6 of the demineralized water.
  • a probe 7 mounted inside of the tank 6 controls the level of the water in said tank, and transmit said data to a suitable control station (not shown).
  • a tank is illustrated containing an additive for improving the cetane number (for instance 2-etyl-esyl-nitrate, C 8 H 17 NO 3 ), which through the line 9 and the solenoid valve 10 is introduced in the line 11 of the diesel taken from the tank 12 from which the mixture of diesel- and cetane number improving additive is fed through the pump 13, the fiscal meter 14 and the solenoid valve 15 to the mixing tank 16.
  • the addition of the cetane number improving additive to the diesel has the scope of improving the ignition performance of the produced emulsion.
  • hydrocarbons all those combustibles are intended as: diesel, biodiesel (diesel + metylic esters of fatty acids), thick fuel oil (residues of the petroleum distillation, like for example HFO, IFO, BTZ) or their mixtures.
  • the tank 16 is provided with a probe 17 to control the level of the products which are fed in said tank, transmitting said data to a suitable control station (not shown).
  • a tank is shown containing the emulsifying additive. Like the tanks 6 and 16, also the tank 18 is provided with a probe 19 to control the level of the liquid products fed to said tank, communicating said data to a suitable control station (not shown).
  • a line 20 departs, controlled by the solenoid valve 21, leading to the pump 22.
  • the line 20 flows also the line 23, controlled by the solenoid valve 24, coming from the tank 16, and the line 25, coming from the tank 6, controlled by the solenoid valve 26.
  • From the pump 22 departs the delivery line 27 leading to the emulsifier E and from this through the high cut power mixer 28 to deliver, through the solenoid valve 30 and the line 29, the product into the tank 16.
  • a line is shown which departs from the tank 16 and, through the pump 34, the fiscal meter 35 and the solenoid valve 36 leads to the tank 37 of the final product. Also this tank is provided with a probe 38 in order to monitor the level of liquid at its inside, transmitting it to a control station.
  • a second line 31 which, through the solenoid valve 32 can discharge directly the mixed product into the tank 37.
  • the solenoid valve 32 can discharge directly the mixed product into the tank 37.
  • the emulsifier E shown comprises an inlet module E1 and one (or also more) additional modules E2.
  • Each module E1 or E2 is formed by a cylindical tubular piece 42 carrying at its ends two flanges 43 peripherally provided with holes for the passage of securing bolts 44 (not shown).
  • Each set of bowls 45, 46, 47 has its mouthpiece directed toward the end of the tubular piece 42, and the side walls of the bowls are perforated by a plurality of rows of bores 48 having a diameter from 0,8 to 1,4 mm, with the bores of the rows of bores of each bowl angularly offset with respect to the rows of bores of the adjacent bowl, as best schematically shown in Figure 3 .
  • the inlet module E1 that is the module connected to the line 27, is further provided with two diametrically opposed electrodes 49, 50 connected to a 24V and between 10 and 25 A direct current source (not shown), for the purposes which will be described later.
  • the additional modules E2 can vary from 1 (one) to more than 1 (one), according to the requirements.
  • the operation of the described plant is as follows: with the pump 13 in operation, the solenoid valves 10 and 15 are opened. A certain amount of a mixture of the additive for improving the cetane number (in a concentration comprised between 0 and 1 % of the fuel utilised, and preferably between 0,1 and 0,5%) and hydrocarbons is sucked from the tanks 8 and 12 through the lines 9 and 11 by the pump 13 and sent, through the fiscal meter 14, along the line 11 to the tank 16.
  • the pump 22 sucks from the tank 18 through the valve 21 and the line 20 the emulsifier additive, composed by a formulation containing one or more surface active substances, and preferably an ethoxylated surface active agent of the kind described for example in the patent application W02004/099350 , by mixing it with the mixture of hydrocarbons-additive for improving the cetane number which is present in the tank 16, which was fed through the valve 24 and the line 23 merging into the line 20, and sends the whole through the line 27 to the emulsifier E and from this through the mixer 28, the valve 30 and the line 29 back to the tank 16.
  • the emulsifier additive composed by a formulation containing one or more surface active substances, and preferably an ethoxylated surface active agent of the kind described for example in the patent application W02004/099350 , by mixing it with the mixture of hydrocarbons-additive for improving the cetane number which is present in the tank 16, which was fed through the valve 24 and the line 23 merging into the line 20,
  • the loop pump 22, line 27, emulsifier E, mixer 28, valve 30, line 29, tank 16, valve 24, line 23, line 20, pump 22 is repeated some times. Thereafter, the valve 21 is closed, and the valve 26 is opened. With the opening of said valve the demineralized water flows from the tank 6 and, through the line 25, the valve 26, the pump 22 is introduced into the loop of the line 27, emulsifier E, mixer 28, valve 30, line 29, tank 16, valve 24, line 23, line 20, line 25, pump 22.
  • the line 25 and the valve 26 are closed as soon as the prefixed amount of water as measured by the fiscal meters 17 and 19 is reached, after which the emulsifying loop is started. Said loop is continued until the required emulsion of the water in the fuel is reached.
  • the pump 22 and the mixer 28 are closed, and the pump 34 and the valve 36 are opened, thus sucking the emulsioned product from the tank 16 through the line 33, the pump 34, the fiscal meter 35 and the valve 36 and introducing it into the tank 37.
  • the emulsifier E In the above described cycle, a very important function is performed by the emulsifier E.
  • the product to be emulsified is caused to pass, at a pressure of the order of 35 bar, through the bores 48 of the bowls 45, 46, 47 following a labyrinth path which is repeated more times through the modules E1 and E2 of the emulsifier.
  • the presence of the electrodes 49 and 50 in the inlet module E1 of the emulsifier has practically demonstrated that a better emulsion of the water in the fuel and a better stabilisation of the emulsion are obtained, thus greatly reducing the tendency to the separation of the not -miscible phases.
  • the emulsifier has been shown as composed by a module E1 and a module E2.
  • the emulsifier according to the invention is formed by 4 (four) to 8 (eight) modules in series, according to the requirements of the plant.
  • the bowls 45, 46, 47 have been shown and described as provided with side walls having a slight taper. Practically said taper is comprised between 2 and 10°. Of course, it would be also possible to use bowls having cylindrical side walls, instead as conical.
  • the percent weight ratio fuel/emulsifier is from 91,4 to the 99,9% of fuel and from the 8,6 to the 0.1 % emulsifier, and the preferred ratio is:
  • the percent weight ratio fuel with emulsifier/water is approximately comprised from 70 to 95% fuel + emulsifier and from 30 to 5% of water, and preferably fuel + emulsifier 88% / water 12%.
  • the control station mentioned during the description is a computerised station provided with a suitable program by means of which the opening and/or the closure of the single solenoid valves is controlled, or are put into operation the single pumps substantially according the operational sequence described.
  • To the said control station are also connected the probes 7, 19, 17, 38 of the different tanks, so as to furnish signals of the supply condition of the single tanks, or of the restarting of the supply operations for the preparation of a new emulsion charge.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
EP09425547A 2009-12-30 2009-12-30 Anlage zur Herstellung einer Emulsion von Wasser in Kohlenwasserstoffen Withdrawn EP2340887A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09425547A EP2340887A1 (de) 2009-12-30 2009-12-30 Anlage zur Herstellung einer Emulsion von Wasser in Kohlenwasserstoffen

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09425547A EP2340887A1 (de) 2009-12-30 2009-12-30 Anlage zur Herstellung einer Emulsion von Wasser in Kohlenwasserstoffen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2340887A1 true EP2340887A1 (de) 2011-07-06

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EP09425547A Withdrawn EP2340887A1 (de) 2009-12-30 2009-12-30 Anlage zur Herstellung einer Emulsion von Wasser in Kohlenwasserstoffen

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2832433A1 (de) * 2013-08-02 2015-02-04 Nanotechlab S.A. Anlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Emulsion von Wasser und Kohlenwasserstoffen

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4696638A (en) * 1986-07-07 1987-09-29 Denherder Marvin J Oil fuel combustion
FR2786780A1 (fr) * 1998-12-08 2000-06-09 Elf Antar France Procede de preparation d'un combustible emulsionne et son dispositif de mise en oeuvre
US6085644A (en) * 1997-01-13 2000-07-11 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process and device for homogenizing milk
EP1095696A2 (de) * 1999-10-25 2001-05-02 Ernesto Marelli Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von stabilisierten vernebelten Mikroemulsionen
WO2004035716A1 (en) * 2002-10-16 2004-04-29 Park, Gil-Won Apparatus for producing water-in-oil emulsified fuel and supplying the same
WO2004099350A1 (en) 2003-04-30 2004-11-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Ethoxylated surfactants for water in oil emulsions
WO2005037961A2 (en) * 2003-09-09 2005-04-28 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Method for manufacturing an emulsified fuel

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4696638A (en) * 1986-07-07 1987-09-29 Denherder Marvin J Oil fuel combustion
US6085644A (en) * 1997-01-13 2000-07-11 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process and device for homogenizing milk
FR2786780A1 (fr) * 1998-12-08 2000-06-09 Elf Antar France Procede de preparation d'un combustible emulsionne et son dispositif de mise en oeuvre
EP1095696A2 (de) * 1999-10-25 2001-05-02 Ernesto Marelli Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von stabilisierten vernebelten Mikroemulsionen
WO2004035716A1 (en) * 2002-10-16 2004-04-29 Park, Gil-Won Apparatus for producing water-in-oil emulsified fuel and supplying the same
WO2004099350A1 (en) 2003-04-30 2004-11-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Ethoxylated surfactants for water in oil emulsions
WO2005037961A2 (en) * 2003-09-09 2005-04-28 Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. Method for manufacturing an emulsified fuel

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2832433A1 (de) * 2013-08-02 2015-02-04 Nanotechlab S.A. Anlage und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Emulsion von Wasser und Kohlenwasserstoffen
WO2015015465A1 (en) * 2013-08-02 2015-02-05 Nanotechlab S.A. Plant and method for the production of an emulsion of water and hydrocarbons

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