EP2329135A1 - Starter for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Starter for an internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number
EP2329135A1
EP2329135A1 EP09783429A EP09783429A EP2329135A1 EP 2329135 A1 EP2329135 A1 EP 2329135A1 EP 09783429 A EP09783429 A EP 09783429A EP 09783429 A EP09783429 A EP 09783429A EP 2329135 A1 EP2329135 A1 EP 2329135A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
starter
region
insulating part
connection device
holding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09783429A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2329135B1 (en
Inventor
Carlos Baldur Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2329135A1 publication Critical patent/EP2329135A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2329135B1 publication Critical patent/EP2329135B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/10—Safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/006—Assembling or mounting of starting devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a starter for an internal combustion engine, having an electrical connection device which has at least one supply region, a holding region and a melting region, wherein the holding region is at least partially disposed in an insulating part of the starter.
  • This can be realized by a fuse in the conventional sense, or by a component of the starter having such a backup function.
  • a power supply line can be designed so that it overheats and melts at a defined point in case of overload, such as may occur during long starter operation with pickled gear or in case of blockage, wherein the electrical current flow is interrupted by just this component, so that the starter is no longer supplied with operating voltage and thus further damage to the starter or the vehicle is prevented, as could occur in very unfavorable cases.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a starter of the generic type which avoids these problems described and avoids a non-intended use of a thermally induced displacement of the connection device.
  • a starter is to be provided which can be inexpensively manufactured with the desired safety function.
  • a starter for an internal combustion engine with an electrical connection device which has at least one supply region, a holding region and a melting region, wherein the holding region is at least partially disposed in an insulating part of the starter. It is provided that the holding area is at least partially sheathed with a thermally stable sheath and the sheath is at least partially embedded in the insulating part. Consequently, the holding region of the connection device is enveloped in a thermally stable manner at least in regions, this enclosure being embedded at least in sections in the insulating part. Between insulating part and connection device is therefore the thermally stable
  • the cladding itself is thermally stable, so changes its Shaping when heat is not applied.
  • it is also designed so that it allows only a relatively low heat transfer, that acts thermally insulating between the holding area and the insulating part.
  • the insulating part is a plastic part.
  • An education of insulating parts as plastic parts allows their simple and inexpensive production.
  • the insulating part is a polyamide part.
  • Polyamide is inexpensive and dimensionally stable. At the same time, it allows extensive design and manufacturing freedom to create even more difficult shapes.
  • the envelope of plastic especially hard plastic, ceramic, glass and / or rubber.
  • the envelope is made of a material that is selected for its expected thermal load and the available cost to manufacture and install it. It may consist of plastic, in particular of hard plastic, which has the advantage of simple and inexpensive production, wherein the plastic must have a certain temperature stability. It can be made of ceramic (the production is more expensive, the heat resistance but much better than plastic), glass and / or rubber.
  • the sheath consists of electrically insulating material. Not only the thermal insulation of the holding area to the insulating part, but also the electrical insulation is very advantageously suitable to avoid unwanted contact of the holding area and / or the connection device as a whole with mass-leading parts of the starter. While the envelope as such prevents a wandering of the hot holding region and thus of the connection device in the insulating part, which has become mechanically unstable due to thermal action, the electrically insulating one prevents Embodiment of the sheath advantageously a direct contact of the holding portion which is surrounded by the sheath, with other electrically conductive components of the starter or its surroundings, in particular with those which are at ground potential.
  • the wrapper is fused to the holding area.
  • the wrapper can be applied in a variety of ways to the holding area or to a portion of the holding area. With proper material selection for the wrapper, reflow is a simple and inexpensive way to represent the envelope of the holding area; In particular, in embodiments of glass, this method of production will prove to be cost-effective.
  • the wrapper is pressed, slid or sintered onto the holding area.
  • the envelope is positively connected to the holding area. In this way it is prevented that the envelope can be moved relative to the holding area; In particular, under heavy mechanical load or high thermal stress can be avoided so that the sheathing dissolves at least partially from the holding area and the holding area can perform a relative movement within the envelope.
  • the electrical connection device is a conductor plate.
  • a substantially longitudinally and extensively extended, metallic embodiment for carrying current into the housing of the starter is provided for its operation, namely just the conductor plate.
  • Ladder sheets are used as easy to manufacture, in particular punched and embossed ladder.
  • the electrical connection device coming from a starter relay of the starter, leads to a commutator of the starter.
  • another component such as a brush plate, or a plurality of other components may be arranged between engagement relay and commutator.
  • the engagement relay has the task to turn on the starter when you press a start button or the ignition key in the ignition and doing this in common embodiments, the disengagement of a starter pinion in a corresponding gear of the engine to the mechanical drive to initiate the starting process of the engine.
  • the starting relay thus supplies the operating current for the starter to the commutator, which supplies the rotor windings with operating current;
  • the electrical connection device also connects the stator windings electrically.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial section through a starter according to the invention
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration of the current feedthrough means
  • FIG 3 shows the connection device with the enclosure according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows an electric starter 1 for a not shown
  • the starter 1 has in a housing 2 or 2 'on a shaft 3 rotatably mounted on a rotor 4 and this surrounding stator windings 5, wherein the ends of the shaft 3 axially disengageable a pinion 6 of a freewheeling gear is arranged.
  • a contact relay 8 which controls the flow of current to windings of the rotor 4 and to the stator windings 5 in the housing 2 of the starter 1 turns on and allows a release lever 9, the disengagement and meshing of the pinion 6.
  • a power connector 10 is arranged in a version as a cross-section screw connection 11 for connecting a power supply cable, not shown here.
  • the connection between the power connector 10 and a cable connection 12 is made by means of the engagement relay 8 (switched).
  • the cable connection 12 terminates outside of the housing 2 and is there electrically conductively connected to a connection device 13, wherein the connection device 13 in turn is embedded in an electrically insulating with respect to the housing 2 insulating member 14 and the current feedthrough into the interior of the housing 2 to the rotor 4 and the stator windings 5 is used.
  • the connecting device 13 consequently penetrates a housing wall 15 of the housing 2 with the insulating part 14, the insulating part 14 being penetrated by the connecting device 13 itself.
  • the insulating part 14 prevents unwanted electrical contact of the connection device 13 with the housing wall 15 or other metallic parts of the housing 2 or 2 '.
  • Figure 2 shows sections of the insulating member 14 which is introduced into the housing wall 15 of the starter 1 and penetrates.
  • the insulating part 14 surrounds the connection device 13, which is connected in the interior of the housing 2 of an at least partially circumferential busbar 16, via terminal rails 17 or connecting wires, the electrical connection of not shown here stator windings 5 (see Figure 1) and windings of the rotor, not shown here 4 (see Figure 1) causes.
  • the busbar 16 is in this case at least partially embedded in a housing 2 located in the continuation of the insulating part 14.
  • the insulating part 14 itself is penetrated by the connection device 13, which is electrically conductively connected in a supply region 18 to the cable connection 12.
  • connection device is designed as a conductor plate 19, which essentially extends longitudinally and penetrates the insulating part 14 into the interior of the housing 2 in a planar manner.
  • the penetration takes place in a holding region 20 in which the connection device 13 is completely or almost completely surrounded by the insulating part 14, ie in a direct, suitable for holding Touch contact to the insulating part 14 is.
  • a melting region 21 is formed, which has a considerable reduction in cross-section compared to the holding region 20 and the supply region 18, which is easy to effect by reducing the area of the conductor plate 19, for example by punching.
  • the melting region 21 is connected directly to the busbar 16 in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the melting region 21 has a safety function, such that it experiences so much heating when an undesirably high current flow occurs, for example in the event of overload (for example, if the rotor 4 is blocked during operation) due to its cross-sectional reduction compared to the supply region 18 and the holding region 20 defined by the high current flow in the region of the recesses 22 melts through and thus interrupts the flow of current, so that damage to the starter 1 and / or a motor vehicle, not shown, or of devices thereof is avoided.
  • FIG. 3 shows the connection device 13, which is surrounded by a cover 23 in the holding region 20.
  • the envelope 23 is made of ceramic 24 or of another suitable, preferably electrically and thermally insulating material.
  • the sheath 23 is applied to the connection device 13 in a positive and non-positive manner, for example sintered. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly high operational reliability even in very unfavorable Bethebszupartyn.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a starter (1) for an internal combustion engine, comprising an electrical connecting device (13) comprising at least a feed in area (18), a support area (20) and a melt area (21), wherein the support area (20) is disposed at least partially in an insulating part (14) of the starter (1). The support area (20) is encased at least in areas by a thermally stable shell (23) and the shell (23) is embedded at least partially in the insulating part (14).

Description

Beschreibung description
Titel Starter für eine BrennkraftmaschineTitle starter for an internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit einer elektrischen Anschlusseinrichtung, die zumindest einen Zuleitungsbereich, einen Haltebereich und einen Schmelzbereich aufweist, wobei der Haltebereich zumindest teilweise in einem Isolierteil des Starters angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a starter for an internal combustion engine, having an electrical connection device which has at least one supply region, a holding region and a melting region, wherein the holding region is at least partially disposed in an insulating part of the starter.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Elektrische Starter für Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere von Kraftfahrzeugen, weisen zum Schutz vor Überhitzung im Überlastfalle oder bei nicht bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung eine Sicherungsfunktion auf, durch die der elektrische Stromkreis getrennt werden kann. Diese kann durch eine Sicherung im herkömmlichen Sinne realisiert sein, oder aber durch ein Bauteil des Starters, das eine solche Sicherungsfunktion aufweist. Beispielsweise kann eine Stromzuleitung so ausgebildet sein, dass sie im Überlastfall, wie sie beispielsweise bei langer Starterbetätigung mit eingelegtem Gang oder im Blockierfalle vorkommen kann, an einer definierten Stelle thermisch überhitzt und aufschmilzt, wobei der elektrische Stromfluss durch eben dieses Bauteil unterbrochen wird, so dass der Starter nicht mehr mit Betriebsspannung versorgt wird und so eine weitergehende Beschädigung des Starters oder des Fahrzeugs verhindert wird, wie dies in sehr ungünstigen Fällen vorkommen könnte. Insbesondere wird somit auch vermieden, dass Bauteile außerhalb des Starters überhitzen, beispielsweise die Zuleitungskabel zum Starter. Derartige Sicherungsfunktionen werden in modernen Ausführungen durch eine gezielte Querschnittsverengung („Flaschenhals") von Leitern dargestellt, die den Strom in das Gehäuse des Starters einführen. Diese Starter weisen hierzu eine Anschlusseinrichtung auf, die zumindest einen Zuleitungsbereich, einen Haltebereich und einen Schmelzbereich aufweist. Der Haltebereich ist hierbei zum Halten der Anschlusseinrichtung zumindest teilweise in einem Isolierteil des Starters angeordnet. In sehr ungünstigen Fällen kann bei einer solchen Dauerbelastung, die noch nicht zum Durchbrennen des Schmelzbereichs zur Ausübung der Sicherungsfunktion führt, aber bereits eine sehr starke Erhitzung der Anschlusseinrichtung bewirkt, ein Anschmelzen des Isolierbereichs in geringem Umfange stattfinden, das zu einer unerwünschten Migration der Anschlusseinrichtung innerhalb des Isolierteils führen kann, wenn in ungünstiger Weise eine Kraftbeaufschlagung erfolgt. In sehr ungünstigen und seltenen Fällen kann es hierbei vorkommen, dass spannungsführende Teile der Anschlusseinrichtung an solche Teile des Starters gelangen, die auf Massepotential liegen. In sehr ungünstigen Fällen können hierdurch Kurzschlüsse und andere Beschädigungen des Starters oder des Fahrzeugs eintreten.Electric starters for internal combustion engines, in particular of motor vehicles, have to protect against overheating in case of overload or improper use on a backup function by which the electrical circuit can be separated. This can be realized by a fuse in the conventional sense, or by a component of the starter having such a backup function. For example, a power supply line can be designed so that it overheats and melts at a defined point in case of overload, such as may occur during long starter operation with pickled gear or in case of blockage, wherein the electrical current flow is interrupted by just this component, so that the starter is no longer supplied with operating voltage and thus further damage to the starter or the vehicle is prevented, as could occur in very unfavorable cases. In particular, it is thus also avoided that components outside of the starter overheat, for example the supply cable to the starter. Such safety functions are represented in modern embodiments by a deliberate narrowing of the cross section ("bottleneck") of conductors which introduce the current into the housing of the starter, for which purpose these starters have a connection device which has at least one supply region, a holding region and a melting region In this case, holding region is at least partially arranged in an insulating part of the starter for holding the connection device Continuous load, which does not yet lead to blowing of the melting range to exercise the security function, but already causes a very strong heating of the connection device, a melting of the insulating take place to a small extent, which can lead to an undesirable migration of the connection device within the insulating part, if in unfavorable Way a force is applied. In very unfavorable and rare cases, it may happen that live parts of the connection device to those parts of the starter, which are at ground potential. In very unfavorable cases, this can cause short circuits and other damage to the starter or the vehicle.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Starter der gattungsgemäßen Art bereitzustellen, der diese geschilderten Probleme vermeidet und auch bei nicht bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung eine thermisch bedingte Verlagerung der Anschlusseinrichtung vermeidet. Gleichzeitig soll ein Starter bereitgestellt werden, der mit der gewünschten Sicherungsfunktion preisgünstig herstellbar ist.The object of the invention is to provide a starter of the generic type which avoids these problems described and avoids a non-intended use of a thermally induced displacement of the connection device. At the same time, a starter is to be provided which can be inexpensively manufactured with the desired safety function.
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Hierzu wird ein Starter für eine Brennkraftmaschine vorgeschlagen, mit einer elektrischen Anschlusseinrichtung, die zumindest einen Zuleitungsbereich, einen Haltebereich und einen Schmelzbereich aufweist, wobei der Haltebereich zumindest teilweise in einem Isolierteil des Starters angeordnet ist. Dabei ist vorgesehen, dass der Haltebereich zumindest bereichsweise mit einer thermisch stabilen Umhüllung ummantelt und die Umhüllung zumindest teilweise in dem Isolierteil angebettet ist. Der Haltebereich der Anschlusseinrichtung ist demzufolge zumindest bereichsweise thermisch stabil umhüllt, wobei diese Umhüllung zumindest abschnittsweise in dem Isolierteil eingebettet ist. Zwischen Isolierteil und Anschlusseinrichtung liegt demzufolge die thermisch stabileFor this purpose, a starter for an internal combustion engine is proposed, with an electrical connection device which has at least one supply region, a holding region and a melting region, wherein the holding region is at least partially disposed in an insulating part of the starter. It is provided that the holding area is at least partially sheathed with a thermally stable sheath and the sheath is at least partially embedded in the insulating part. Consequently, the holding region of the connection device is enveloped in a thermally stable manner at least in regions, this enclosure being embedded at least in sections in the insulating part. Between insulating part and connection device is therefore the thermally stable
Umhüllung. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, dass die bei Überlastung durch den hohen Stromfluss auftretende starke Erwärmung der Anschlusseinrichtung, insbesondere im Bereich des Schmelzbereichs, wobei die Hitze auf den Haltebereich übergeht, in unerwünschter Weise auf das Isolierteil übertragen wird. Die Umhüllung ist hierbei selbst thermisch stabil, verändert also ihre Formgebung bei Hitzebeaufschlagung nicht. Bevorzugt ist sie auch so ausgebildet, dass sie nur einen relativ geringen Wärmedurchtritt erlaubt, also thermisch isolierend zwischen dem Haltebereich und dem Isolierteil wirkt.Serving. In this way, it is prevented that the excessive heating of the connection device occurring in the event of overloading due to the high current flow, in particular in the region of the melting region, the heat being transferred to the holding region, is undesirably transferred to the insulating part. The cladding itself is thermally stable, so changes its Shaping when heat is not applied. Preferably, it is also designed so that it allows only a relatively low heat transfer, that acts thermally insulating between the holding area and the insulating part.
In einer Ausführungsform ist das Isolierteil ein Kunststoffteil. Eine Ausbildung von Isolierteilen als Kunststoffteile lässt deren einfache und preisgünstige Herstellung zu. Insbesondere ist es möglich, im Zuge der Herstellung des Kunststoffteils andere Komponenten zu integrieren, beispielsweise einzuspritzen oder zu umspritzen, so dass eine Einbettung und Halterung im Isolierteil auf sehr einfache Weise machbar ist.In one embodiment, the insulating part is a plastic part. An education of insulating parts as plastic parts allows their simple and inexpensive production. In particular, it is possible in the course of the production of the plastic part to integrate other components, for example, to inject or to overmold, so that an embedding and mounting in the insulating part in a very simple manner is feasible.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Isolierteil ein Polyamidteil. Polyamid ist preisgünstig und formstabil. Gleichzeitig lässt es eine weitgehende Konstruktions- und Herstellungsfreiheit zur Schaffung auch schwieriger Formgebungen.In a preferred embodiment, the insulating part is a polyamide part. Polyamide is inexpensive and dimensionally stable. At the same time, it allows extensive design and manufacturing freedom to create even more difficult shapes.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführung ist die Umhüllung aus Kunststoff, insbesondere Hartplastik, aus Keramik, aus Glas und/oder aus einem Gummi. Die Umhüllung wird demzufolge aus einem Material hergestellt, das in Bezug auf die zu erwartende thermische Belastung und den verfügbaren Kostenrahmen zu seiner Herstellung und Anbringung gewählt wird. Sie kann hierbei aus Kunststoff, insbesondere aus Hartplastik, bestehen, was den Vorteil der einfachen und kostengünstigen Herstellung hat, wobei der Kunststoff eine gewisse Temperaturstabilität aufweisen muss. Sie kann aus Keramik bestehen, (wobei die Herstellung teurer ist, die Hitzebeständigkeit aber deutlich besser als bei Kunststoff), aus Glas und/oder aus einem Gummi.In a preferred embodiment, the envelope of plastic, especially hard plastic, ceramic, glass and / or rubber. Accordingly, the envelope is made of a material that is selected for its expected thermal load and the available cost to manufacture and install it. It may consist of plastic, in particular of hard plastic, which has the advantage of simple and inexpensive production, wherein the plastic must have a certain temperature stability. It can be made of ceramic (the production is more expensive, the heat resistance but much better than plastic), glass and / or rubber.
Besonders bevorzugt besteht die Umhüllung aus elektrisch isolierendem Material. Nicht nur die thermische Isolierung des Haltebereichs zum Isolierteil, sondern auch die elektrische Isolierung ist in sehr vorteilhafter Weise geeignet, einen unerwünschten Kontakt des Haltebereichs und/oder der Anschlusseinrichtung als ganzer mit masseführenden Teilen des Starters zu vermeiden. Während die Umhüllung als solche ein Wandern des heißen Haltebereichs und damit der Anschlusseinrichtung im mechanisch aufgrund thermischer Einwirkung instabil gewordenen Isolierteil insgesamt verhindert, verhindert die elektrisch isolierende Ausführung der Umhüllung in vorteilhafter weise einen direkten Kontakt des Haltebereichs, der von der Umhüllung umgeben ist, mit anderen elektrisch leitenden Bauteilen des Starters oder seiner Umgebung, insbesondere mit solchen, die auf Massepotential liegen.Particularly preferably, the sheath consists of electrically insulating material. Not only the thermal insulation of the holding area to the insulating part, but also the electrical insulation is very advantageously suitable to avoid unwanted contact of the holding area and / or the connection device as a whole with mass-leading parts of the starter. While the envelope as such prevents a wandering of the hot holding region and thus of the connection device in the insulating part, which has become mechanically unstable due to thermal action, the electrically insulating one prevents Embodiment of the sheath advantageously a direct contact of the holding portion which is surrounded by the sheath, with other electrically conductive components of the starter or its surroundings, in particular with those which are at ground potential.
In einer Ausführungsform ist die Umhüllung auf den Haltebereich aufgeschmolzen. Die Umhüllung kann auf vielfältige Weise auf den Haltebereich oder auf einen Abschnitt des Haltebereichs aufgebracht werden. Bei geeigneter Materialauswahl für die Umhüllung ist das Aufschmelzen eine einfache und kostengünstige Möglichkeit, die Umhüllung des Haltebereichs darzustellen; insbesondere bei Ausführungsformen aus Glas wird sich diese Herstellungsweise als kostengünstig erweisen. In anderen Ausführungsformen wird die Umhüllung auf den Haltebereich aufgepresst, aufgeschoben oder aufgesintert.In one embodiment, the wrapper is fused to the holding area. The wrapper can be applied in a variety of ways to the holding area or to a portion of the holding area. With proper material selection for the wrapper, reflow is a simple and inexpensive way to represent the envelope of the holding area; In particular, in embodiments of glass, this method of production will prove to be cost-effective. In other embodiments, the wrapper is pressed, slid or sintered onto the holding area.
In einer ganz besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Umhüllung mit dem Haltebereich formschlüssig verbunden. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, dass die Umhüllung relativ zum Haltebereich beweglich werden kann; insbesondere bei starker mechanischer Belastung oder bei hoher thermischer Belastung kann so vermieden werden, dass sich die Umhüllung zumindest bereichsweise von dem Haltebereich löst und der Haltebereich innerhalb der Umhüllung eine Relativbewegung ausführen kann.In a very particularly preferred embodiment, the envelope is positively connected to the holding area. In this way it is prevented that the envelope can be moved relative to the holding area; In particular, under heavy mechanical load or high thermal stress can be avoided so that the sheathing dissolves at least partially from the holding area and the holding area can perform a relative movement within the envelope.
In einer Ausführungsform ist die elektrische Anschlusseinrichtung ein Leiterblech. Damit ist gemeint, dass eine im Wesentlichen längs und flächig erstreckte, metallische Ausführungsform zur Stromdurchführung in das Gehäuse des Starters zu dessen Betrieb vorgesehen ist, nämlich eben das Leiterblech. Leiterbleche werden als einfach herstellbare, insbesondere stanz- und prägbare Leiter verwendet.In one embodiment, the electrical connection device is a conductor plate. By this is meant that a substantially longitudinally and extensively extended, metallic embodiment for carrying current into the housing of the starter is provided for its operation, namely just the conductor plate. Ladder sheets are used as easy to manufacture, in particular punched and embossed ladder.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform führt die elektrische Anschlusseinrichtung von einem Einrückrelais des Starters kommend zu einem Kommutator des Starters. Dabei können zwischen Einrückrelais und Kommutator selbstverständlich ein weiteres Bauteil, beispielsweise eine Bürstenplatte, beziehungsweise mehrere weitere Bauteile angeordnet sein. Das Einrückrelais hat die Aufgabe, den Starter bei Betätigen eines Startknopfes oder des Zündschlüssels im Zündschloss einzuschalten und hierbei in gängigen Ausführungsformen das Ausrücken eines Starterritzels in ein entsprechendes Zahnrad der Brennkraftmaschine zu deren mechanischem Antrieb zur Einleitung des Startvorgangs der Brennkraftmaschine zu bewirken. Das Startrelais führt demzufolge den Betriebstrom für den Starter zu dem Kommutator, der die Rotorwicklungen mit Betriebsstrom versorgt; gleichzeitig kann vorgesehen sein, dass die elektrische Anschlusseinrichtung ebenso die Statorwicklungen elektrisch anbindet.In a preferred embodiment, the electrical connection device, coming from a starter relay of the starter, leads to a commutator of the starter. In this case, of course, another component, such as a brush plate, or a plurality of other components may be arranged between engagement relay and commutator. The engagement relay has the task to turn on the starter when you press a start button or the ignition key in the ignition and doing this in common embodiments, the disengagement of a starter pinion in a corresponding gear of the engine to the mechanical drive to initiate the starting process of the engine. The starting relay thus supplies the operating current for the starter to the commutator, which supplies the rotor windings with operating current; At the same time it can be provided that the electrical connection device also connects the stator windings electrically.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und aus Kombinationen derselben.Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and combinations thereof.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert, ohne aber hierauf beschränkt zu sein.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment, but without being limited thereto.
Es zeigenShow it
Figur 1 einen Teilschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Starter;1 shows a partial section through a starter according to the invention;
Figur 2 eine Darstellung der Stromdurchführung mittelsFigure 2 is an illustration of the current feedthrough means
Anschlusseinrichtung durch das Startergehäuse; undConnecting device through the starter housing; and
Figur 3 die Anschlusseinrichtung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Umhüllung.3 shows the connection device with the enclosure according to the invention.
Ausführungsform(en) der ErfindungEmbodiment (s) of the invention
Figur 1 zeigt einen elektrischen Starter 1 für eine nicht dargestellteFigure 1 shows an electric starter 1 for a not shown
Brennkraftmaschine. Der Starter 1 weist in einem Gehäuse 2 beziehungsweise 2' auf einer Welle 3 drehbar gelagert einen Rotor 4 und diesen umgebende Statorwicklungen 5 auf, wobei endseitig auf der Welle 3 axial ausrückbar ein Ritzel 6 eines Freilaufgetriebes angeordnet ist. An dem Gehäuse 2' ist in einem separaten Relaisgehäuse 7 ein Einrückrelais 8 angeordnet, das den Stromfluss zu Wicklungen des Rotors 4 und zu den Statorwicklungen 5 im Gehäuse 2 des Starters 1 einschaltet und über einen Einrückhebel 9 das Ausrücken und Einspuren des Ritzels 6 ermöglicht. Stirnseitig, an der dem Ritzel 6 abgewandten Seite des Relaisgehäuses 7, ist ein Stromanschluss 10 in einer Ausführung als querschnittstarker Schraubanschluss 11 zum Anschluss eines hier nicht dargestellten Stromzuleitungskabels angeordnet. Die Verbindung zwischen dem Stromanschluss 10 und einer Kabelverbindung 12 wird mittels des Einrückrelais 8 (geschaltet) hergestellt. Die Kabelverbindung 12 endet außerhalb des Gehäuses 2 und ist dort mit einer Anschlusseinrichtung 13 elektrisch leitend verbunden, wobei die Anschlusseinrichtung 13 ihrerseits in einem elektrisch gegenüber dem Gehäuse 2 isolierenden Isolierteil 14 eingebettet ist und der Stromdurchführung in das Innere des Gehäuses 2 zu dem Rotor 4 und den Statorwicklungen 5 dient. Die Anschlusseinrichtung 13 durchdringt demzufolge eine Gehäusewandung 15 des Gehäuses 2 mit dem Isolierteil 14, wobei das Isolierteil 14 von der Anschlusseinrichtung 13 selbst durchdrungen ist. Das Isolierteil 14 verhindert einen unerwünschten elektrischen Kontakt der Anschlusseinrichtung 13 mit der Gehäusewandung 15 oder anderen metallischen Teilen des Gehäuses 2 beziehungsweise 2'.Internal combustion engine. The starter 1 has in a housing 2 or 2 'on a shaft 3 rotatably mounted on a rotor 4 and this surrounding stator windings 5, wherein the ends of the shaft 3 axially disengageable a pinion 6 of a freewheeling gear is arranged. On the housing 2 'is arranged in a separate relay housing 7 a contact relay 8, which controls the flow of current to windings of the rotor 4 and to the stator windings 5 in the housing 2 of the starter 1 turns on and allows a release lever 9, the disengagement and meshing of the pinion 6. On the front side, on the side facing away from the pinion 6 of the relay housing 7, a power connector 10 is arranged in a version as a cross-section screw connection 11 for connecting a power supply cable, not shown here. The connection between the power connector 10 and a cable connection 12 is made by means of the engagement relay 8 (switched). The cable connection 12 terminates outside of the housing 2 and is there electrically conductively connected to a connection device 13, wherein the connection device 13 in turn is embedded in an electrically insulating with respect to the housing 2 insulating member 14 and the current feedthrough into the interior of the housing 2 to the rotor 4 and the stator windings 5 is used. The connecting device 13 consequently penetrates a housing wall 15 of the housing 2 with the insulating part 14, the insulating part 14 being penetrated by the connecting device 13 itself. The insulating part 14 prevents unwanted electrical contact of the connection device 13 with the housing wall 15 or other metallic parts of the housing 2 or 2 '.
Figur 2 zeigt abschnittsweise das Isolierteil 14, das in die Gehäusewandung 15 des Starters 1 eingebracht ist und diese durchdringt. Das Isolierteil 14 umgreift die Anschlusseinrichtung 13, die im Inneren des Gehäuses 2 einer zumindest bereichsweise umlaufenden Stromschiene 16 angeschlossen ist, die über Anschlussschienen 17 oder Anschlussdrähte den elektrischen Anschluss von hier nicht dargestellten Statorwicklungen 5 (vergleiche Figur 1 ) und Wicklungen des hier nicht dargestellten Rotors 4 (vergleiche Figur 1 ) bewirkt. Die Stromschiene 16 ist hierbei in einer im Gehäuse 2 befindlichen Fortsetzung des Isolierteils 14 zumindest abschnittsweise eingebettet. Das Isolierteil 14 selbst wird von der Anschlusseinrichtung 13 durchdrungen, die in einem Zuleitungsbereich 18 mit der Kabelverbindung 12 elektrisch leitend verbunden ist. Die Anschlusseinrichtung ist hierbei als Leiterblech 19 ausgebildet, das im Wesentlichen längserstreckt und flächig das Isolierteil 14 ins Innere des Gehäuses 2 durchdringt. Die Durchdringung erfolgt in einem Haltebereich 20, in dem die Anschlusseinrichtung 13 vollständig oder nahezu vollständig von dem Isolierteil 14 umfangen wird, also in direktem, zum Halten geeigneten Berührkontakt zum Isolierteil 14 steht. Zwischen dem Haltebereich 20 und der Stromschiene 16 ist ein Schmelzbereich 21 ausgebildet, der gegenüber dem Haltebereich 20 und dem Zuleitungsbereich 18 eine erhebliche Querschnittsreduzierung aufweist, was durch eine Flächenreduzierung des Leiterblechs 19, beispielsweise durch Stanzen, leicht zu bewirken ist. Der Schmelzbereich 21 ist direkt mit der Stromschiene 16 elektrisch leitend verbunden. Im Bereich des Schmelzbereichs 21 weist das Isolierteil 14, um den Schmelzbereich 21 herum, Ausnehmungen 22 auf, die einen direkten Kontakt des Schmelzbereichs 21 mit dem Isolierteil 14 verhindern und überdies den Luftzutritt gestatten. Der Schmelzbereich 21 besitzt eine Sicherungsfunktion, dergestalt, dass er bei Auftreten eines unerwünscht hohen Stromflusses, beispielsweise im Überlastfalle (beispielsweise bei Blockieren des Rotors 4 im Betrieb) durch seine Querschnittsreduzierung gegenüber dem Zuleitungsbereich 18 und dem Haltebereich 20 eine so starke Erwärmung erfährt, dass er bei Fortdauern des hohen Stromflusses im Bereich der Ausnehmungen 22 definiert durchschmilzt und so den Stromfluss unterbricht, damit eine Beschädigung des Starters 1 und/oder eines nicht dargestellten Kraftfahrzeuges oder von Einrichtungen desselben vermieden wird. Da bei fortdauernd oder insbesondere intervallisch hohem Stromfluss, ohne dass es zu einem Schmelzen des Schmelzbereichs 21 (in Ausübung der Sicherungsfunktion) käme, auch eine starke Erwärmung des Haltebereichs 20 auftreten kann, kommt es in sehr ungünstigen Fällen zu einem Anschmelzen des Isolierteils 14 im Bereich des Haltebereichs 20, mit der Folge, dass sich die Lage der Anschlusseinrichtung relativ zum Gehäuse 2 ändern kann, bedingt durch Kraftbeaufschlagung, wie sie beispielsweise und in ungünstigen Fällen über die Kabelverbindung 12 oder auch durch sehr starkes Rütteln im Betrieb des Kraftfahrzeugs erfolgen kann. Dies soll durch vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsform vermieden werden.Figure 2 shows sections of the insulating member 14 which is introduced into the housing wall 15 of the starter 1 and penetrates. The insulating part 14 surrounds the connection device 13, which is connected in the interior of the housing 2 of an at least partially circumferential busbar 16, via terminal rails 17 or connecting wires, the electrical connection of not shown here stator windings 5 (see Figure 1) and windings of the rotor, not shown here 4 (see Figure 1) causes. The busbar 16 is in this case at least partially embedded in a housing 2 located in the continuation of the insulating part 14. The insulating part 14 itself is penetrated by the connection device 13, which is electrically conductively connected in a supply region 18 to the cable connection 12. In this case, the connection device is designed as a conductor plate 19, which essentially extends longitudinally and penetrates the insulating part 14 into the interior of the housing 2 in a planar manner. The penetration takes place in a holding region 20 in which the connection device 13 is completely or almost completely surrounded by the insulating part 14, ie in a direct, suitable for holding Touch contact to the insulating part 14 is. Between the holding region 20 and the busbar 16, a melting region 21 is formed, which has a considerable reduction in cross-section compared to the holding region 20 and the supply region 18, which is easy to effect by reducing the area of the conductor plate 19, for example by punching. The melting region 21 is connected directly to the busbar 16 in an electrically conductive manner. In the region of the melting region 21, the insulating part 14, around the melting region 21 around, recesses 22, which prevent direct contact of the melting region 21 with the insulating member 14 and also allow air access. The melting region 21 has a safety function, such that it experiences so much heating when an undesirably high current flow occurs, for example in the event of overload (for example, if the rotor 4 is blocked during operation) due to its cross-sectional reduction compared to the supply region 18 and the holding region 20 defined by the high current flow in the region of the recesses 22 melts through and thus interrupts the flow of current, so that damage to the starter 1 and / or a motor vehicle, not shown, or of devices thereof is avoided. Since continuous or in particular intervallic high current flow, without causing the melting region 21 to melt (in the exercise of the safety function), can also cause strong heating of the holding region 20, in very unfavorable cases the insulating part 14 melts in the region the holding region 20, with the result that the position of the connection device relative to the housing 2 may change due to application of force, as may occur, for example and in unfavorable cases via the cable connection 12 or by very strong shaking during operation of the motor vehicle. This should be avoided by the embodiment described above.
Figur 3 zeigt die Anschlusseinrichtung 13, die im Haltebereich 20 mit einer Umhüllung 23 umgeben ist. Die Umhüllung 23 ist aus Keramik 24 oder aus einem anderen geeigneten, bevorzugt elektrisch und thermisch isolierenden Material gefertigt. Durch die Umhüllung 23 wird verhindert, dass sich eine im Haltebereich 20 aus dem Schmelzbereich 21 der Anschlusseinrichtung 13 übertretende, starke Erwärmung auf das hier nicht dargestellte Isolierteil 14 (vergleiche Figur 2) überträgt und zu dessen unerwünschtem Anschmelzen führt. Selbst in solchen sehr seltenen Fällen, in denen gleichwohl ein Anschmelzen des Isolierteils 14 vorkommt, weil der Starter 1 außerhalb seiner Bestimmung und Spezifikation betrieben wird, wird durch die elektrisch isolierende Ausführung der Umhüllung 23 ein Kontakt des Haltebereich 20 mit metallischen Teilen des hier nicht dargestellten Gehäuses 2 (vergleiche Figur 1 und Figur 2) vermieden. Unerwünschte Kurzschlüsse zwischen der Anschlusseinrichtung 13 und dem Gehäuse 2 des Starters 1 können auf diese Weise nicht erfolgen. Auf diese Weise lässt sich der Starter 1 besonders betriebssicher selbst für solche Fälle herstellen, in denen er weit außerhalb seiner Spezifikation betrieben wird.FIG. 3 shows the connection device 13, which is surrounded by a cover 23 in the holding region 20. The envelope 23 is made of ceramic 24 or of another suitable, preferably electrically and thermally insulating material. By the envelope 23 prevents a in the holding region 20 from the melting region 21 of the connecting device 13 exceeding, strong heat on the insulating part 14, not shown here (see Figure 2) transmits and leads to its undesirable melting. Even in such very rare cases in which nevertheless a melting of the insulating member 14 occurs because the starter 1 is operated outside its specification and specification, by the electrically insulating embodiment of the enclosure 23, a contact of the holding portion 20 with metallic parts of not shown here Housing 2 (see Figure 1 and Figure 2) avoided. Unwanted short circuits between the connection device 13 and the housing 2 of the starter 1 can not be done in this way. In this way, the starter 1 can be particularly reliable even for those cases where it is operated far beyond its specification.
Besonders bevorzugt ist die Umhüllung 23 in ihrem Umhüllungsdurchtritt 25, durch den die Anschlusseinrichtung 13 hindurchtritt und damit in die Umhüllung 23 eingebracht ist, der Anschlusseinrichtung 13 formangepasst, nämlich in einer solchen Art und Weise, das eine Außenkontur 26 der Anschlusseinrichtung 13 in der Ausgestaltung des Umhüllungsdurchtritts 25 berücksichtigt wird. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, dass sich die Anschlusseinrichtung 13 innerhalb der Umhüllung 23 lockert oder sich löst. Bevorzugt wird die Umhüllung 23 auf die Anschlusseinrichtung 13 in einer form- und kraftschlüssigen Art und Weise aufgebracht, beispielsweise gesintert. Hierdurch lässt sich eine besonders hohe Betriebssicherheit auch in sehr ungünstigen Bethebszuständen erreichen. Particularly preferably, the envelope 23 in its wrapping passage 25, through which the connecting device 13 passes and is thus introduced into the envelope 23, conforms to the connecting device 13, namely in such a manner that an outer contour 26 of the connecting device 13 in the embodiment of FIG Envelope passage 25 is taken into account. In this way it is prevented that the connection device 13 loosens or dissolves within the enclosure 23. Preferably, the sheath 23 is applied to the connection device 13 in a positive and non-positive manner, for example sintered. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly high operational reliability even in very unfavorable Bethebszuständen.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Starter (1 ) für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit einer elektrischen Anschlusseinrichtung (13), die zumindest einen Zuleitungsbereich (28), einen Haltebereich (20) und einen Schmelzbereich (21 ) aufweist, wobei der Haltebereich (20) zumindest teilweise in einem Isolierteil (14) des Starters (1 ) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Haltebereich (20) zumindest bereichsweise mit einer thermisch stabilen Umhüllung (23) ummantelt und die Umhüllung (23) zumindest teilweise in dem Isolierteil (14) eingebettet ist.A starter (1) for an internal combustion engine, comprising an electrical connection device (13) which has at least one supply region (28), a holding region (20) and a melting region (21), wherein the holding region (20) is at least partially in an insulating part (14) of the starter (1) is arranged, characterized in that the holding region (20) at least partially coated with a thermally stable sheath (23) and the sheath (23) is at least partially embedded in the insulating part (14).
2. Starter nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Isolierteil (14) ein Kunststoffteil ist.2. Starter according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating part (14) is a plastic part.
3. Starter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Isolierteil (14) ein Polyamidteil ist.3. Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating part (14) is a polyamide part.
4. Starter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umhüllung (23) aus Kunststoff, insbesondere Hartplastik, aus Keramik (24), aus Glas und/oder aus einem Gummi ist.4. Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the envelope (23) made of plastic, in particular hard plastic, ceramic (24), made of glass and / or of a rubber.
5. Starter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umhüllung (23) aus elektrisch isolierendem Material besteht.5. Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sheath (23) consists of electrically insulating material.
6. Starter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umhüllung (23) auf den Haltebereich (20) aufgeschmolzen ist.6. Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the envelope (23) is melted onto the holding region (20).
7. Starter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Umhüllung (23) mit dem Haltebereich (20) formschlüssig verbunden ist. 7. Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the envelope (23) with the holding portion (20) is positively connected.
8. Starter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Anschlusseinrichtung (13) ein Leiterblech (19) ist.8. Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical connection device (13) is a conductor plate (19).
9. Starter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Anschlusseinrichtung (13) von einem Einrückrelais (8) des Starters (1 ) kommend zu einem Kommutator des Starters (1 ) führt. 9. Starter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrical connection device (13) from an engagement relay (8) of the starter (1) coming to a commutator of the starter (1) leads.
EP09783429.5A 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 Starter for an internal combustion engine Active EP2329135B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008042442A DE102008042442A1 (en) 2008-09-29 2008-09-29 Starter for an internal combustion engine
PCT/EP2009/062455 WO2010034818A1 (en) 2008-09-29 2009-09-25 Starter for an internal combustion engine

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EP2329135A1 true EP2329135A1 (en) 2011-06-08
EP2329135B1 EP2329135B1 (en) 2016-05-25

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EP (1) EP2329135B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2012504204A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0919430B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102008042442A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2010034818A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014062518A (en) * 2012-09-24 2014-04-10 Hitachi Automotive Systems Ltd Starter motor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0258776B1 (en) * 1986-09-02 1992-01-22 Keller, Gotthold Starting aid cable
JP3309684B2 (en) * 1995-12-26 2002-07-29 アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 Motor drive
US6028381A (en) * 1996-02-09 2000-02-22 Hitachi, Ltd. Starter equipped with current interruption mechanism
JP3379682B2 (en) * 1997-01-28 2003-02-24 三菱電機株式会社 Motor lead wire exit device
FR2785086A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-04-28 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CIRCUIT OF A STARTER MOTOR AND MOTOR VEHICLE STARTER COMPRISING AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT BREAKER, AND ASSOCIATED STARTER,
DE10041822A1 (en) * 2000-08-25 2002-03-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electrical starting device for internal combustion engines with overload protection
DE10113733B4 (en) * 2001-03-21 2010-12-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Screw contact device, in particular for motor vehicle starters
JP2004320954A (en) * 2003-04-18 2004-11-11 Denso Corp Starter for internal combustion engine
JP4117234B2 (en) * 2003-08-19 2008-07-16 三菱電機株式会社 Starter
JP4093152B2 (en) * 2003-09-09 2008-06-04 株式会社デンソー Starter
JP4443979B2 (en) * 2003-09-12 2010-03-31 株式会社デンソー Starter
US7067934B2 (en) * 2003-09-12 2006-06-27 Denso Corporation Starter with overheat protection device

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Title
See references of WO2010034818A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010034818A1 (en) 2010-04-01
EP2329135B1 (en) 2016-05-25
BRPI0919430B1 (en) 2019-11-26
BRPI0919430A2 (en) 2015-12-15
JP2012504204A (en) 2012-02-16
DE102008042442A1 (en) 2010-04-01

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