EP2328704A1

EP2328704A1 - Planar cutting tool and associated tool holder

Info

Publication number: EP2328704A1
Application number: EP09741391A
Authority: EP
Inventors: André CHURLET
Original assignee: SARL FAC
Current assignee: SARL FAC
Priority date: 2008-09-16
Filing date: 2009-09-09
Publication date: 2011-06-08
Also published as: CA2735358A1; AU2009294500A1; JP2012502806A; BRPI0918669A2; CN102149496A; FR2935914B1; US20110158755A1; FR2935914A1; KR20110055717A; WO2010031946A1; RU2011114985A

Abstract

The invention relates to a rotary or fixed cutting tool (1) for machining elements made of a hard and/or abrasive material, said tool comprising at least one active portion having hardness and/or abrasion properties higher than that of the material to be machined, and a passive portion interacting with a tool holder including a clamp (7), characterised in that the active portion (PA) and the passive portion (PP) of said tool are formed by an integral plate defining both portions and obtained directly from a blank having a predetermined constant thickness and a hardness corresponding to that of the active portion (PA) so as to obtain a planar tool, and in that the passive portion (PP) is elongate and has a constant substantially quadrangular cross-section for interaction with a housing (3) with a corresponding cross-section in the clamp (7), wherein the integral planar tool (1) thus formed is directly mounted in the housing (3) secured by tightening the same in the clamp (7).

Description

FLAT CUTTING TOOL AND ASSOCIATED TOOL HOLDER

The present invention relates to a cutting tool, rotating or fixed, for machining elements made of hard and / or abrasive material, which tool consists of at least one active part having hardness properties and / or greater abrasion than that of the material to be machined, and a passive part intended to cooperate with a tool holder comprising a clamp.

It is known today to produce tools for this type of machining, consisting of a cylindrical body of carbide or steel, or other material, at the end of which are provided reservations in which are reported highly abrasive pads.

These plates are fixed by means of a solder, by a screw passing through it and screwing into the body of the tool, or by holding tabs, etc.

Once attached, the wafer will be sharpened as needed to make it sharp.

Such operations to obtain a cutting tool with high abrasion power make it a high cost. This type of well-known tool is intended to be placed between the jaws of a clamp or mandrel, defining in the center a bore over the entire height. The tool is then immobilized using a tightening nut or side screws, for example.

Such an embodiment is complex, expensive, and has the disadvantage of being imprecise manufacturing.

Indeed, the reservations made on the body of the tool are sources of defect, for example when the abrasive pads are brazed, because it does not control the thickness of the solder. There is therefore a problem of positioning the cutting material which is not in the axis of the tool, which creates a tool of poor quality. In addition, small tools are difficult to achieve because there is no place to put one or more screws, one or more flanges and in the case of solder, it will not be precise enough.

The object of the present invention is therefore to create a rotary or fixed cutting tool, of great precision, which will be intended for machining, plane milling, surfacing, drilling, etching, etc., and this from materials already existing and used precisely to make said insert inserts, and which consist of agglomerates of polycrystalline diamond (PCD), or cubic edge nitride (PCBN), or also of tungsten carbide ( CW). For this purpose, the invention relates to a cutting tool, rotating or fixed, for machining elements made of hard and / or abrasive material, consisting of at least one active part having hardness properties and / or of abrasion superior to those of the material to be machined, and of a passive part intended to cooperate with a tool-holder comprising a clamp, characterized in that the active part and the passive part of said tool are formed by a one-piece plate defining the two parts, obtained directly from a blank of predetermined constant thickness and hardness corresponding to that of the active part, so as to obtain a flat tool, and in that its passive part is elongate and of constant section, generally quadrangular, intended to cooperate with a housing of corresponding section of the clamp, wherein housing directly mounts the monobloc flat tool thus formed, for fixing by clamping in the pin this.

Thus, thanks to the accuracy of the housing or sections corresponding to that of the tool-plate, which can be rectangular, trapezoidal, square, and its positioning in the clamp, it is possible to easily fit the flat tool, the cutting portion being positioned accurately, for example in the center or in the transverse axis, or other.

Thus, and according to the major advantage of the invention, the cylindrical intermediate body of the tool, carbide or steel according to the prior art, is removed to make room for a non-cylindrical monobloc tool obtained directly by cutting into a blank of an agglomerate of the aforementioned type, so flat.

The invention will find application in the industry for the machining of very abrasive materials such as aluminum, titanium, carbon in its various forms, glass filled plastic, bakelite, gold, wood ( medium), etc.

Finally, it is necessary to mention the fact that there was a real difficulty to move from current technology based on the use of a cylindrical tool to tail also cylindrical, on which is reported an abrasive wafer, the technology according to the invention by realizing a flat tool and monobloc without insert. This is a vanquished prejudice testifying to a real inventive activity.

The invention also relates to the features which will emerge during the following description, which should be considered in isolation or in all their possible technical combinations.

This description given by way of non-limiting example, will better understand how the invention can be made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a tool holder and its tool-plate associate. Figure 2 shows in perspective the tool holder assembly and tool-plate after assembly.

FIG. 3 represents a plan view according to FIG. 2. FIG. 4 represents a view from above according to FIG.

FIG. 5 represents a sectional view along the line VV of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 represents, on an enlarged scale, a toolholder pliers, in perspective, according to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 5.

FIG. 7 is a view from above according to FIG.

Figures 8 and 9 are side views along the two perpendicular axes of Figure 7.

Figure 10 is a perspective view according to Figure 6, after mounting a tool-plate.

Figures 11 and 12 show a tool holder clamp, respectively in perspective and in plan view, according to a first embodiment.

Figures 13 and 14 show a tool holder clamp, respectively in perspective and in plan view, according to a second embodiment.

Figures 15 and 16 show a tool holder clamp, respectively in perspective and in plan view, according to a third embodiment.

Figures 17 and 18 show a tool holder pliers, respectively in perspective and in plan view, according to a fourth embodiment. Figures 19 and 20 show a tool holder pliers, respectively in perspective and in plan view, according to a fifth embodiment. Figures 21 and 22 show a tool holder clamp, respectively in perspective and in plan view, according to a sixth embodiment.

Figures 23 and 24 show a tool, respectively seen in plan and end, according to Figures 11 and 12.

FIGS. 25 and 26 represent a tool, respectively seen in plan and in end, according to FIGS. 13-14 and 15-16. FIGS. 27 and 28 show a tool, respectively seen in plan and in end, according to FIGS. 18.

Figures 29 and 30 show a tool, respectively seen in plan and end, according to Figures 19 and 20.

Figures 31 and 32 show a tool, respectively seen in plan and end, according to Figures 21 and 22.

The cutting tool 1, IA, IB, IC, ID, which can be rotatable or fixed according to the applications, is intended for machining elements made of hard and / or abrasive material, consisting of at least a part active having properties of hardness and / or abrasion greater than those of the material to be machined, and a passive part intended to cooperate with a tool holder 2 comprising a clamp 7.

According to a first characteristic of the invention, the active part "PA" and the passive part "PP" of said tool are formed by a one-piece plate defining the two parts, obtained directly at from a blank of predetermined constant thickness and hardness corresponding to that of the active part "PA", so as to obtain a flat tool.

According to a second characteristic of the invention, the passive part "PP" of the same tool-plate is elongate and of constant section, generally quadrangular, intended to cooperate with a housing 3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D of corresponding section of the clamp 7, in which housing 3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D directly mounts the one-piece flat tool 1, IA, IB, IC, ID thus formed, for clamping in the clamp 7.

According to a first exemplary embodiment, the constituent material of the blank from which it is made is an agglomerated polycrystalline diamond (PCD) consisting of diamond powder and a cobalt binder, on a carbide base, the whole being compacted.

According to a second exemplary embodiment, the constituent material of the blank from which the tool is made is a cubic edge nitride (PCBN).

According to a third exemplary embodiment, the constituent material of the blank from which the tool is made is a monobloc tungsten carbide (CW).

According to the various embodiments shown in all the figures, with the exception of that represented in FIGS. 17, 18 and 27, 28, the blank from which the tool is made is constituted by two layers 4.5, one neutral 4 constituting a support, the other abrasive being constituted by the PCD or PCBN deposited on one side of the support, to form a blank of desired thickness.

According to the embodiment of FIGS. 17, 18 and 27, 28, the blank from which the tool is made consists of three layers 4.5.4, one central consisting of the PCD or PCBN, the other two 4 external, located on either side of the central layer 5 constituting carbide support, to form a blank of desired thickness.

According to the latter particular case, being in fact a drill, its cutting portion 5 is located between its two carbide faces 4, at a predetermined apex angle, the housing formed in the clamp (see Figure 18) in which it is mounted being of rectangular section and realized symmetrically along its perpendicular axes XX ', YY'.

According to one of the features of the invention, the tool-wafer is obtained directly from the blank, by cutting.

Referring to Figures 11 and 12 according to the first embodiment of the tool-plate 1, it is of generally quadrangular section, with bodies "d". The corresponding housing 3, comprising the same bodies, is made symmetrically or not to one of the axes XX 'of a clamp The same housing 3 is situated on one side of the other axis YY 'of the same clamp 7.

According to the second embodiment of Figures 13 and 14, involving the tool-plate IA, there are two of them arranged on either side of a central axis of the clamp 7A.

Still according to this embodiment, the platelet tools IA are beveled at their active end and are housed, as previously, in quadrangular housing with bodies "d", but made on both sides of the axis XX ', and above and below the YY axis'. A central hole 8 is also provided in the clamp 7A, so as to insert a cylindrical guide member 9, a cylindrical drill bit, a cylindrical cutter or a tap. Lubrication holes 10 are provided to supply a lubricant during machining.

The second embodiment shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 differs essentially in that reinforcing fins 11 are provided near the tool-inserts IA.

According to a third embodiment, and as already mentioned above, FIGS. 17 and 18 implementing the tool-wafer IB, in fact a flat drill, has a housing 3B perfectly centered along the axes XX 'and YY' of the clamp 7B. According to the fourth variant embodiment, represented in FIGS. 19 and 20 implementing tool-wafer IC, it has a flat end and is mounted in a housing 3C of the clamp 7C, asymmetrically with respect to the 'axis XX', and one side of the axis YY '.

According to a fifth embodiment, represented in FIGS. 21 and 22 implementing a tool-plate ID in a 3D housing of the clamp 7D, said housing being centered along the axis XX 'and situated on one side of the YY axis'.

Of course, any other embodiment different from the tool-wafer and its corresponding housing, both in its section that in its positioning, is part of the present invention.

The cutting part "c" of the tool-boards, as far as the drill is concerned, must of course be in the center and at the end of the drill. But it can be at the axis for the cutters or for any other housing positioned on demand on the clamp. The tool-wafer thus held in the clamp will be used for machining, rolling milling, surfacing, drilling, tapping, etching, especially with regard to the tool ID shown in Figures 21 - 22 and 31 - 32.

It should also be noted that if the longitudinal axes of the tools-plates represented in all the aforementioned embodiments are perpendicular to the front face of the clamps 7, said axes may also be inclined, and therefore no longer perpendicular to the same face.

Also, again according to the same examples shown, if the number of wafer-tool is limited to two, it is certain that there could be more according to the application.

The tool holder 2 for the implementation of a cutting tool 1, IA, IB, IC, ID which has just been described, consists, as can be seen in Figures 1 to 5, of: - a hollow cylindrical body 12 inside which is disposed a longitudinal stop 13 for the axial positioning adjustable depth of the tool 1, IA, IB, IC, ID, - a clamp 7 comprising jaws with conical clamping effect, by means of a clamping ring 14 exerting an action on the jaws, and consequently on the tool 1 once in place in - a housing 3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D of corresponding section, positioned between the jaws of the clip 7.

Thus the tools-plates 1 may be adjustable to adjust the protruding part of the clamp

7, using one or more screws which, by screwing, will raise the flat stop or stops close to the shape of the passive part "PP" of the tool-plate.

Thus the tools-plates can slide in their housing, which will allow to adjust them with a special stop at the desired height, out of the clamp 7.

The clamps 7 will be adapted for each tool-plate 1 (housing 3, slots of the clamp, thrust stop 13, rear support). The clamps 7 may also include a reinforcement behind the projecting portion of the tool-plate; it will maintain and support the tool-plate during the work.

About the adjustment stop 13, its pusher part enters the clamp 7, hence the need for a flat shape smaller than the location of the tool-plate, with operating clearances.

It is necessary that the pusher portion of the stopper enters the clamp to have a passive zone as small as possible and reduce the cost of the tool. The pusher portion of the stops may be interchangeable, that is to say, it may be longer or shorter and more or less wide. It is maintained for example by a pin. The fine adjustment will be done by screws which are on the cylindrical body which carries the clamp 7.

In some cases, the body 12 and the clamp 7 can be made in one piece, and the adjustment screws positioned at the rear of the tool holder. Finally, with respect to the lubrication ports 10 being made through the clamp 7, these will be oriented to correspond to the most effective orientation for lubrication.

Claims

1. Cutting tool (1, IA, IB, IC, ID), rotating or fixed, for machining elements made of hard material and / or abrasive, carbon, titanium for example, consisting of at least one active part having properties of hardness and / or abrasion superior to those of the material to be machined, and a passive part intended to cooperate with a tool holder

(2) comprising a clamp (7), characterized in that the active part (PA) and the passive part (PP) of said tool are formed by a one-piece plate defining the two parts, obtained directly by cutting from a blank predetermined constant thickness and hardness corresponding to that of the active part (PA), so as to obtain a flat tool, and in that its passive portion (PP) is elongate and of constant section, generally quadrangular, intended to cooperate with a housing (3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D) of corresponding section of the clamp (7), wherein housing (3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D) directly mounts the monobloc flat tool (1, IA , IB, IC, ID) thus formed for clamping in the clamp (7).

2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that its longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the front face of the clamp (7).

3. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that its longitudinal axis is inclined relative to the front face of the clamp (7).

4. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is doubled, each of them being disposed on either side of a central axis of the clamp (7A).

5. Tool according to claim 4, characterized in that it is doubled, each of them being beveled at their active end and are housed in quadrangular housing with bodies (d), but made on both sides of the axis (XX '), and above and below the axis (YY'), a central hole (8) is also provided in the clamp (7A), so as to insert a guide element cylindrical (9), a cylindrical drill bit, a cylindrical cutter or a tap.

6. Tool according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that lubrication holes (10) are provided to bring a lubricant during machining.

7. Tool according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that reinforcing fins (11) are provided near the tools (IA).

8. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it has a flat end and is mounted in a housing (3C) of the clamp (7C), asymmetrically with respect to the axis (XX '), and on one side of the axis (YY').

9. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is mounted in a housing (3D) of the clamp (7D), said housing being centered along the axis (XX ') and located d one side of the axis (YY ').

10. Tool holder (2) for the implementation of a cutting tool (1, IA, IB, IC, ID) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it consists of: - a hollow cylindrical body (12) inside which is disposed a longitudinal stop (13) for the axial positioning adjustable in depth of the tool (1, IA, IB, IC, ID), - a clamp (7) comprising jaws having a conical clamping effect, by means of a clamping ring (14) exerting an action on the jaws, and consequently on the tool (1) once in place in - a housing (3, 3A , 3B, 3C, 3D) of corresponding section, positioned between the jaws of the clamp (7).

11. Tool holder according to claim 10, characterized in that the body (12) and the clamp (7) are made in one piece.

12. The plates of the flat tool can be cut from a blank of polycrystalline diamond (PCD) agglomerates, or a cubic edge nitride (PCBN), or also of tungsten carbide (CW).