EP2327921A1 - Speicherung von Gasen und deren Verwendung zur Flüssigkeitenabgabe - Google Patents

Speicherung von Gasen und deren Verwendung zur Flüssigkeitenabgabe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2327921A1
EP2327921A1 EP10192296A EP10192296A EP2327921A1 EP 2327921 A1 EP2327921 A1 EP 2327921A1 EP 10192296 A EP10192296 A EP 10192296A EP 10192296 A EP10192296 A EP 10192296A EP 2327921 A1 EP2327921 A1 EP 2327921A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
gas
activated carbon
carbon dioxide
carbon
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10192296A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2327921B1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Anthony Ryan
Harry Sharrock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chemviron Carbon Ltd
Original Assignee
Chemviron Carbon Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB0327983.3A external-priority patent/GB0327983D0/en
Priority claimed from GB0417550A external-priority patent/GB0417550D0/en
Application filed by Chemviron Carbon Ltd filed Critical Chemviron Carbon Ltd
Publication of EP2327921A1 publication Critical patent/EP2327921A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2327921B1 publication Critical patent/EP2327921B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/60—Contents and propellant separated
    • B65D83/62—Contents and propellant separated by membrane, bag, or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the storage of gases, their use in dispensing fluids and a container-dispenser device.
  • gases may include permanent gases of singular composition, such as oxygen, nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, methane and propane, or mixtures of gases of either synthetic or of natural origin (for example, air or natural gas).
  • Containers of gas are required for a large number of different applications, ranging from the need to store particular gases for identification and calibration purposes to paramedical uses.
  • Gas containment may be needed for simple propellancy or pressure regulation requirements or to impart the unique property of the stored gas.
  • a container of compressed air may be used for dust removal from a computer keyboard or camera lens or it can be used as an emergency device to enable one to escape from a smoke-filled room, carriage or cabin.
  • a container of compressed oxygen may be used so that the gas can be inhaled for therapeutic or other purposes.
  • the application of oxygen is known to speed recovery following dental treatment.
  • Other applications for containers of gas can be envisaged, such as flammable gases for welding, brazing or soldering in DIY or extinguishant gases, for example carbon dioxide, for extinguishing small fires.
  • a major drawback associated with the production of containers of gases is that, unless the gas can be easily liquefied, only a small quantity of gas can be stored within the container without the need to provide reinforced containment to withstand high pressures. Furthermore, the pressure in a container holding a compressed gas drops rapidly as the contents are depleted which hinders the delivery of the gas from the container. Additional drawbacks associated with storage of compressed gases are that generally the full container remains extremely light in weight. This results in the consumer purchasing what feels like an empty can and furthermore, the container is physically unstable due to the minimal weight of the contents of the container.
  • Further container-dispenser devices use compressed gases, such as hydrocarbons, that are charged to a can containing a bag of a fluid active ingredient whereby actuation of a valve provided in the can causes the gas to press on the bag and force the ingredient out from the can.
  • compressed gases such as hydrocarbons
  • discharge of the active ingredient tends to tail off as the pressure in the can falls resulting in nonuniform and inefficient dispensation of the ingredient.
  • hydrocarbons that are volatile organic compounds is environmentally unfriendly.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a storage container for a gas that, amongst other benefits and advantages, enables a greater volume of gas to be stored in a container of a given volume.
  • Yet a further object of the present invention is to provide a method of discharging fluids from a storage container that does not require the use of volatile organic compounds and allows a more uniform and efficient discharge of the fluid.
  • Still a further object of the present invention is to provide an improved container-dispenser device that does not require the use of volatile organic compounds to dispel the contents from the container and provides a more uniform and efficient discharge of the contents.
  • the present invention provides a method of storing at least one gas, the method comprising the steps of:
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a storage container for a gas, the container comprising a sealed vessel containing an amount of activated carbon having the stored gas adsorbed thereon.
  • Any gas or mixture of gases that may be adsorbed by activated carbon may be stored according to the present invention but the method and container is particularly suitable for the storage of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen or air.
  • the gas is stored in the container at a pressure less than or equal to 2000000 Pascal (20 atmospheres or bars). More preferably, the pressure is 400000 ⁇ 1600000 Pascal (4-16 bar).
  • the container should be provided with a significant amount of activated carbon to increase the amount of gas that may be stored in the container and to increase the weight of the container.
  • the activated carbon fills at least 40% of the internal volume of the vessel, more preferably at least 50%, especially at least 75%.
  • the container should be provided with a valve assembly to allow gas to be inserted into and dispensed from the container.
  • a filter is provided between the activated carbon in the container and the valve, such as a high efficiency particulate air filter.
  • the container may be adapted to receive a mask, mouthpiece and/or nose piece whereby the gas contained in the can may be breathed in through the mouth and/or nose.
  • the mask, mouth or nose piece may be provided with a series of holes.
  • oxygen is adsorbed on to the activated carbon.
  • a high activity carbon is used for adsorbing oxygen i.e., one having activity above 60% CTC (carbon tetrachloride).
  • carbon dioxide is adsorbed on to the activated carbon.
  • a lower activity carbon is used, i.e. having less than 100% CTC, more preferably less than 60%, especially less than 50%.
  • solid carbon dioxide is provided for adsorption on to the activated carbon. It has been found that this neutralizes any heat affect.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of a container as herein described for the storage of a gas or a mixture of gases.
  • the gas is stored in as large a quantity as possible within the container for its later use in applications that the particular gas is suitable for.
  • oxygen may be stored for later inhalation for therapeutic or sport enhancement purposes.
  • Further applications include emergency escape devices (e.g. face masks) and traps for pests such as rodents wherein stored carbon dioxide is released inside a trap to cause death of the rodent without undue suffering or causing environmental damage.
  • Carbon dioxide may also be utilised as a storage atmosphere for bread or other perishable product (contained, for example, in a suitably designed box) since it is know than an atmosphere at least partially enriched in carbon dioxide helps to preserve bread enabling it to be stored for longer periods than when it is stored in air.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a method of filling a container for the storage and dispensation of a fluid, the method comprising the steps of:
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a fluid container-dispenser device comprising an outer relatively rigid container, an inner relatively malleable enclosure containing a fluid, a gas adsorbed on activated carbon occupying a space between the container and the enclosure and a valve assembly.
  • the malleable enclosure is plastically open to the forces of the gas released from the activated carbon whereas the outer container is rigid with respect to these forces.
  • the gas is carbon dioxide adsorbed on activated carbon.
  • Solid carbon dioxide or dry ice is preferably used to provide the adsorbed gas.
  • a grommet may be provided in the base of the container and the valve assembly may include a dip leg that extends into the enclosure.
  • the third and fourth aspect of the present invention are particularly suitable for storing and dispensing carbonated beverages.
  • Example 1 investigates the adsorption of oxygen by activated carbon
  • Example 2 investigates the adsorption of carbon dioxide by activated carbon
  • Example 3 illustrates the use of carbon dioxide adsorbed on activated carbon for dispensing fluids from a container
  • Example 4 investigates the adsorption of nitrogen by activated carbon
  • the present invention provides a method and container for the enhanced storage of a gas, such as oxygen. This is achieved by incorporating activated carbon within a container as a filling adsorbent.
  • the activated carbon can advantageously adsorb gases of various types to increase the storage and working capacity of the gas within a given volume. Hence, at lower system pressures, adsorbed gas volumes are possible which are far greater than would be achieved by equivalent pressure compressed gas only.
  • FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings illustrates the components of the container according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a cylindrical container 2 is part-filled (generally being at least 50% full) with activated carbon.
  • a valve assembly 4 is then crimped to the top of the container and the gas to be stored therein is charged to the container.
  • the valve is also provided with a filter 6 to prevent any dust from the carbon from exiting the container upon dispensing the gas.
  • Activated carbons consist of a range of carbonaceous materials that have been specifically treated to develop an extensive capacity for the adsorption of a wide variety of gases and liquids. Such carbons may be derived from a host of sources and any type of activated carbon may be utilised in the present invention. However, for practical and commercial reasons the raw materials tend to be confined to, for example, peat, wood, coal, nutshell (such as coconut), petroleum coke and bone. Synthetic sources, such as poly(acrylonitrile) or phenol-formaldehyde, are also used for the production of activated carbon. Other sources include bamboo shoot, drupe stones and seeds.
  • Numerous methods for activation of carbon exist in the art and may be used for providing activated carbon for the present invention.
  • gaseous activation using steam, carbon dioxide or other gases at elevated temperatures is used, or chemical activation using, for example, zinc chloride or phosphoric acid.
  • the activation process is used to develop an intricate network of pores of various sizes ranging from macroporous (>50 nm) to sub-microporous dimensions of molecular-sized entities.
  • the larger pores are known as transport pores and these serve to provide access to the smaller pores in which most of the adsorption of gaseous species takes place.
  • This unique pore structure, and the large surface area developed as a result provides the extensive physical adsorption property and the highest volume of adsorbing porosity of any substance know.
  • the activated product can be supplied in a variety of forms, most commonly as powdered, granular or pelleted products. Any of these forms may be used in the present invention. In addition, these forms come in a variety of sizes, which can affect the adsorption kinetic of the activated carbon. The type of base, the activation process and the activated carbon's final form and size can all influence the material's adsorption performance.
  • Activated carbons have an enormous range of commercial applications. They have been used, amongst others, for odour control, VOC abatement, propellants, flue gas treatment, protection of nuclear installations, gold recovery, solvent recovery, decolourisation, catalysis, water treatment and as the adsorbent for respirators used in civil and military filters for the removal of noxious gases. However, activated carbons have not previously been used in relation to the production of gas storage containers as described herein.
  • the present invention is suitable for the storage of any gas that may be adsorbed on to activated carbon.
  • Table 1 illustrates the total volume of gas stored by a 1 litre container filled with activated carbon of high volumetric capacity at room temperature for seven different gases over various pressures. The corresponding volume contained by the compressed gas, in the absence of the activated carbon, is provided for comparison.
  • Activated carbons of various types, origins, densities, activities and mesh sizes were used for the study.
  • an empty aerosol-type can 400 cm 3
  • a valve was crimped to the can and oxygen, at a pre-set pressure (12 bar, 1200000 Pascal), was charged to the can via the valve to constant weight.
  • the uptake of oxygen was typically more than double the quantity that would have occupied the same can at that pressure.
  • the ratio of the weight of oxygen contained in the carbon-filled can to the weight of oxygen in the same volume of can, without any added activated carbon, is given as the Benefit Factor in Table 2 below. Table 2 Sample No.
  • HEPA filter high efficiency particulate air-filter
  • the can may be provided with an adapter piece, for example in the form of a mask or mouth and/or nose piece for fitting over the mouth and/or nose of the user.
  • an adapter piece for example in the form of a mask or mouth and/or nose piece for fitting over the mouth and/or nose of the user.
  • the adapter may be provided with a series of holes to enable the piece to be flushed with the stored gas prior to the user then breathing in the gas.
  • This type of face or nose mask is preferable to prior art gas masks which only filter out particular chemicals.
  • the present invention allows the user to breathe in pure oxygen or air from the can thereby removing the need to breathe in air from the atmosphere which may not have the harmful chemical filtered out sufficiently to render the air safe.
  • Carbon dioxide is another example of a gas whose storage in a container may be enhanced by the presence of activated carbon. Carbon dioxide can have an extraordinarily high uptake on activated carbon. Values as high as about 250 g litre -1 of carbon have been recorded at 16 bar gauge pressure (1600000 Pascal) where the corresponding compressed gas weight would be only 29 g in a 1 litre volume.
  • Such high-density gas storage may be employed for all manner of applications, particularly for an innocuous, non-flammable, low toxicity and environmentally neutral material. Examples of such applications include aerosol propellants, working fluids and pressure regulating devices.
  • the degree of CO 2 uptake on activated carbon is normally regarded as a function of the level of activity to which the carbon has been subjected; the more highly activated carbons showing an increased propensity to adsorb more carbon dioxide as the microporosity and surface area increases.
  • the percentage activity of the activated carbon is measured in terms of its ability to adsorb carbon tetrachloride (% w/w) by saturating the carbon's pores with CTC.
  • Figure 4 is a generalisation of the above finding and illustrates that CO 2 adsorption increases approximately linearly with increase in the carbon's bulk density in the range of interest for carbons of the same generic type.
  • the present invention enables a sufficient amount of carbon dioxide to be stored in a suitable container to take advantage of the properties of the carbon dioxide other than its propellant properties, such as its ability to carbonate beverages or to conveniently extinguish small fires.
  • low activity carbons should be used for adsorption of the carbon dioxide for storage of gas in these lower pressure containers, rather than high activity carbon that would normally be considered to provide maximum adsorption of the gas.
  • Example 3 Use of Carbon Dioxide adsorbed on Activated Carbon in Dispensing fluid from a container.
  • a pressure regulating device for dispensing a variety of active ingredients (such as shaving gel and hair treatment products) from a container uses a so-called “bag-in-can” or “bag-on-valve” system wherein a pressurized gas surrounds the bag containing the active ingredient to force the ingredient from the bag upon actuation of a valve.
  • a pressurized gas surrounds the bag containing the active ingredient to force the ingredient from the bag upon actuation of a valve.
  • chlorofluorocarbons CFCs
  • products are generally dispensed by a mixture of hydrocarbons, for example, isopentane, isobutane and propane mixtures.
  • Such mixtures in certain proportions, provide a convenient pressure regulating fluid with a room temperature vapour pressure that is suitable for the steady and complete discharge of the active ingredient.
  • hydrocarbons do have a number of drawbacks, such as being toxic, highly flammable, greenhouse gases, volatile organic compounds and geopolitically sensitive. Additionally, cans containing these hydrocarbons are difficult to recycle owing to the flammable residues.
  • the present invention employs carbon dioxide adsorbed on activated carbon as the pressurized gas.
  • Carbon dioxide is non-toxic, non-flammable and does not fall within the definition of a volatile organic compound.
  • Carbon dioxide is derived from natural sources or as a by-product of a large combustion plant. Thus, at worst it has minimal contribution to global warming and may actually sequestrate carbon dioxide from the environment. It is ubiquitously available and is not politically or territorially sensitive.
  • the conventional hydrocarbon fluid contained in a standard bag-in-can system was removed by disengaging the grommet located at the base of the can and allowing the vapour to escape to atmosphere.
  • the can was then charged with activated carbon which had previously been saturated with carbon dioxide gas.
  • An additional amount of carbon dioxide gas was then charged to the can such as to give a total pressure of 5 bar gauge after equilibrium between the adsorbed and gaseous phases.
  • the grommet was replaced immediately after charging the carbon dioxide.
  • Solid carbon dioxide or dry ice was used to provide the adsorbed carbon dioxide since this has been found to counteract any exothermic reaction. This is particularly important if large quantities of cans are being filled as otherwise repeated cooling and charging of the can would be required.
  • valve of the can was then actuated and the dispensing characteristics of this device containing carbon dioxide was compared with an originally manufactured device containing the traditional hydrocarbon mix.
  • the mode and rate of dispensation of the active ingredient from the modified device was noted to be indistinguishable from that of an original can. Discharging of the active ingredient was continued until cessation. On subsequent examination of the device, it was confirmed that the gas still contained excess gas pressure and that the inner bag had been completely emptied.
  • adsorbed carbon dioxide gas in this manner instead of compressed gas has a number of benefits.
  • Compressed gases require excessive pressures to be used to accommodate the volume of gas required to discharge the contents of the bag. Additionally, there is a rapid and unsatisfactory fall in pressure when compressed gas is employed. This means that too much of the active ingredient is ejaculated at initial actuation and too little discharged towards the end.
  • adsorbed carbon dioxide gives only a small, almost indiscernible, pressure decrease at the end of the discharge resulting in a steadier flow of product.
  • the delivery profile is very different. The important parameter is the volume of gas delivered per unit of pressure drop.
  • the principle described in the example above could be employed from the dispensing of carbonated beverages from a bag-in-can system, as illustrated in Figure 5 of the accompanying drawings.
  • the system would employ a large volume of can, for example, 5 litres, for home consumption.
  • the device would comprise a 5 litre can 10 within which is a plastic enclosure 12 containing beer or other carbonated beverage 14, the device having a grommet 16 at the base thereof.
  • a dip-leg 18 attached to an actuating valve 20 serves to ensure that only beverage is dispensed from the device via a dispensing tube 22.
  • a space 24 surrounding the plastic enclosure is filled with carbon dioxide adsorbed on activated carbon.
  • the activated carbon optionally pre-saturated with carbon dioxide, and additional carbon dioxide, is charged to the vessel in a manner hereinbefore described.
  • This device according to the present invention ensures a smooth flow of beverage is dispensed until its discharge is complete.
  • the beverage also remains in a fresh and carbonated condition because the volume of the bag enclosure tracks the volume of the remaining liquid and no gas headspace can be effectively generated.
  • any gas that can be adsorbed by activated carbon may be stored in a low pressure container according to the present invention.
  • Adsorbed nitrogen has similar advantages to carbon dioxide for use as an aerosol propellant or pressure regulating device but, more activated carbon is required to adsorb a similar quantity of nitrogen relative to carbon dioxide at a given pressure.
  • a typical comparison, using carbon of a moderately high activity, is illustrated in Figure 6 of the accompanying drawings.
  • it may be preferable to use nitrogen for example it may be seen to be more environmentally friendly or it may be less permeable to the plastic enclosure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP10192296.1A 2003-12-03 2004-12-02 Verfahren zum Laden von CO2 auf Aktivkohle in einem Flüssigkeitsspender Active EP2327921B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0327983.3A GB0327983D0 (en) 2003-12-03 2003-12-03 Storage of gases
GB0417550A GB0417550D0 (en) 2004-08-06 2004-08-06 Storage of gases and their use in dispensing fluids
PCT/GB2004/005045 WO2005054742A1 (en) 2003-12-03 2004-12-02 Storage of gases and their use in dispensing fluids
EP04801251.2A EP1714072B1 (de) 2003-12-03 2004-12-02 Speicherung von kohlendioxide auf einem adsorbent

Related Parent Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04801251.2A Division-Into EP1714072B1 (de) 2003-12-03 2004-12-02 Speicherung von kohlendioxide auf einem adsorbent
EP04801251.2A Division EP1714072B1 (de) 2003-12-03 2004-12-02 Speicherung von kohlendioxide auf einem adsorbent
EP04801251.2 Division 2004-12-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2327921A1 true EP2327921A1 (de) 2011-06-01
EP2327921B1 EP2327921B1 (de) 2021-06-09

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EP10192296.1A Active EP2327921B1 (de) 2003-12-03 2004-12-02 Verfahren zum Laden von CO2 auf Aktivkohle in einem Flüssigkeitsspender

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EP (1) EP2327921B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005054742A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014070463A1 (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-08 Calgon Carbon Corporation Carbon blends for enhanced gas storage
WO2020021473A1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Simply Breathe Ltd Bag on valve technology
US10967357B2 (en) 2015-08-11 2021-04-06 Calgon Carbon Corporation Enhanced sorbent formulation for removal of mercury from flue gas
US11857942B2 (en) 2012-06-11 2024-01-02 Calgon Carbon Corporation Sorbents for removal of mercury

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ577000A (en) * 2006-11-22 2011-10-28 Calgon Carbon Corp Pressurized container employing activated carbon charged with a propellant
ES2675728T3 (es) 2013-01-29 2018-07-12 Vibracoustic Gmbh Muelle neumático con material adsorbente
GB201408399D0 (en) * 2014-05-12 2014-06-25 Carbon Air Ltd Pressurised gas storage apparatus and method
GB2561148B (en) * 2017-03-01 2019-10-23 Simply Breathe Ltd Oxygen dispenser with activated carbon and carbon monoxide preventing catalyst
EP3765204A4 (de) 2018-04-16 2021-12-15 Aeronics, Inc. Tragbares gaszufuhrsystem
USD912239S1 (en) 2018-04-16 2021-03-02 Aeronics, Inc. Mask
US10597206B2 (en) 2018-06-15 2020-03-24 Kenneth Corey Medicine container cover

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US4049158A (en) 1975-11-13 1977-09-20 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Pressurized container-dispensers and filling method
EP0385773A2 (de) * 1989-03-02 1990-09-05 Rocep-Lusol Holdings Limited Produktspender mit Druckpackung
EP0569590A1 (de) * 1991-06-29 1993-11-18 International Center Of Scientific Culture World Laboratory Center "Cortes" Verfahren zum erzeugen eines überdrucks von sorbiertem gas in einem arbeitshohlraum einer aerosol-verpackung
EP1110879A1 (de) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-27 L'oreal Aerosolbehälter mit einem getrennt verpackten Treibmittel
WO2008053216A1 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-08 Kbig Limited Product dispensing systems

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US4049158A (en) 1975-11-13 1977-09-20 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Pressurized container-dispensers and filling method
EP0385773A2 (de) * 1989-03-02 1990-09-05 Rocep-Lusol Holdings Limited Produktspender mit Druckpackung
EP0569590A1 (de) * 1991-06-29 1993-11-18 International Center Of Scientific Culture World Laboratory Center "Cortes" Verfahren zum erzeugen eines überdrucks von sorbiertem gas in einem arbeitshohlraum einer aerosol-verpackung
EP1110879A1 (de) * 1999-12-15 2001-06-27 L'oreal Aerosolbehälter mit einem getrennt verpackten Treibmittel
WO2008053216A1 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-08 Kbig Limited Product dispensing systems

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11857942B2 (en) 2012-06-11 2024-01-02 Calgon Carbon Corporation Sorbents for removal of mercury
WO2014070463A1 (en) * 2012-11-01 2014-05-08 Calgon Carbon Corporation Carbon blends for enhanced gas storage
US10967357B2 (en) 2015-08-11 2021-04-06 Calgon Carbon Corporation Enhanced sorbent formulation for removal of mercury from flue gas
WO2020021473A1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2020-01-30 Simply Breathe Ltd Bag on valve technology
CN112638793A (zh) * 2018-07-27 2021-04-09 畅呼吸控股有限公司 阀上袋技术
EP4234096A3 (de) * 2018-07-27 2023-11-01 Simply Breathe Holdings Ltd Beutel-auf-ventil-technologie
US12023703B2 (en) 2018-07-27 2024-07-02 Simply Breathe Holdings Ltd. Bag on valve technology

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EP2327921B1 (de) 2021-06-09
WO2005054742A1 (en) 2005-06-16

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