EP2326911B1 - Projectile fastening bolt for a projectile comprising a subcaliber penetrator having a conical stabilizer and projectile - Google Patents

Abstract

A shell with a subcaliber penetrator, which has a conical tailpiece, and with a basically disk-shaped propulsion element, wherein the conical tailpiece has a frustum-shaped recess that is open towards the rear end. The propulsion element is joined with the penetrator, preferably by a screw connection (projectile fastening bolt). To this end, a bolt element joins the propulsion element and the penetrator in the area of the tailpiece and has a borehole that is open at the rear end, into which propellant charge gases flow when the shell is fired and cause rending of the bolt element and thus separation of the propulsion element from the penetrator.

Description

The invention relates to a projectile with a conical structure having a subcaliber penetrator and a substantially disc-shaped driving element, wherein the conical structure has a tail-open frusto-conical recess, in particular a so-called flying projectile fastening bolts.

Such a projectile is for example from the DE 43 30 417 C2 known. In this case, the rear end of the tail unit is supported on a drive element, which consists of a metal plate which has substantially the contour of the frustoconical recess of the tail.

In practice, it has been found that even through the normal handling of the projectile between the drive element and the conical structure, a clearance can result, so that after firing at the beginning of the gas pressure build-up in the weapon tube, propellant gases flow under the contact surface of the conical structure. As a result, on the one hand prevents optimal acceleration of the penetrator within the gun barrel and on the other hand, interference of the penetrator can be done by the driving element after leaving the gun barrel.

The invention has for its object to provide a projectile of the type mentioned, in which both in normal handling of the projectile as well as firing the drive element is connected without play with the penetrator and in which the drive element after leaving the barrel dissolves smoothly from the penetrator ,

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, particularly advantageous embodiments of the invention disclose the dependent claims.

The invention is based essentially on the idea not to connect the driving element as in comparable known projectiles via a form-fitting or clamping connection with the penetrator, but on a projectile mounting bolt with preferably predetermined breaking point and pressure reducing nozzles, wherein a screw is provided, which by the frusto-conical recess of the conical structure is passed and connects the driving element and the penetrator with each other. In this case, the screw on a rear side open bore, get into the launch of the projectile propellant gases, and wherein the screw is designed such that the resulting in the bore by the propellant gases internal pressure to rupture of the screw and thus to a separation of the driving element and Penetrator leads.

In a first embodiment of the invention, the screw member comprises a first sub-element, which has an internal thread on the front side and is screwed axially to the external thread of a second sub-element, which in turn is connected to the front side delimiting the tail rear wall of the tail. In this case, it may be at the second sub-element is provided with an external thread Leuchtspurnapf.

Preferably, the first part of the screw element can be bolt-shaped and consist of a head part and a shaft part, wherein the shaft part is guided through a bore of the driving element into the frusto-conical recess and bolted to the second sub-element and wherein the head part of the bore of the drive element laterally laterally surmounted and supported on the rear surface of the drive element.

The first sub-element of the screw but can also be designed in several parts and include a cup-shaped attachment part for screwing on the tracer and a provided with a through hole bolts, which has a bolt head and a shaft provided with an external thread, wherein the shaft in an axial by the drive element through threaded hole is mounted, such that the bolt head facing away from the end of the shaft is rotatable from the rear surface of the drive element and that the bolt head is rotatably mounted in a recess of the cup-shaped attachment member.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the drive element is connected to an axially projecting into the frusto-conical recess bolt-shaped screw, which is screwed directly into an internal thread of the rear wall of the penetrator.

In order to ensure a good centering of the conical structure with respect to the driving element, it has proved to be advantageous if the driving element has on its side facing the tail of the corresponding projectile a recess for positive reception of the rear end portion of the tail.

The drive element may preferably consist of a light metal, for example an aluminum or a magnesium alloy, but also of steel. It can be used both to accelerate sub-caliber battle shells and to accelerate sub-caliber practice bullets.

The aforementioned construction is not only inexpensive, but also has a very good function. It is temperature and load stable and is characterized by a simple production without assembly tools. In addition, the internal combustion gas pressure is adjustable, such that with the diameter of the hollow bore, the ratio of the initial high volume in the bolt and the final volume in the tail area can set the maximum resulting internal gas pressure in the tail end. At the same time a possibly existing trace of light can be ignited via the incoming gases.

• Fig.1 den Längsschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses mit einem einen Penetrator und ein Treibelement verbindenden Schraubelement;
• Fig.2 die vergrößerte Ansicht eines in Fig.1 mit 10 bezeichneten ersten Teilelementes des Schraubelementes;
• Fig.3 eine Fig.2 entsprechende Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispieles eines ersten Teilelementes;
• Fig.4 den Längsschnitt durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Geschosses und
• Fig.5 die vergrößerte Ansicht eines in Fig.4 mit 10' bezeichneten ersten Teilelementes.

Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following, with reference to figures explained embodiments. Show it:

• Fig.1 the longitudinal section through a first embodiment of a projectile according to the invention with a screw penetrating a penetrator and a driving element;
• Fig.2 the enlarged view of an in Fig.1 10 denotes the first subelement of the screw element;
• Figure 3 a Fig.2 corresponding view of another embodiment of a first sub-element;
• Figure 4 the longitudinal section through a second embodiment of a projectile according to the invention and
• Figure 5 the enlarged view of an in Figure 4 with 10 'designated first sub-element.

In Fig.1 is denoted by 1 a projectile, which is, for example, a 120 mm training projectile, which can be fired from a tank cannon. The projectile 1 comprises a subcaliber penetrator 2, for example made of steel, and a sabot 3 partially enclosing the penetrator 2. The penetrator 2 has a conically shaped tail unit (conical structure) 4 with a frustoconical recess 5 at the rear.

The sabot 3 is composed essentially of a two hollow shells (sabot segments) existing, substantially hollow cylindrical guide cage 6, for example made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, and a rear side of the guide cage 6 subsequent drive element 7 together.

The drive element 7 is formed by a disk-shaped metal plate (for example made of an aluminum alloy) extending transversely to the longitudinal axis 8 of the projectile 1. In this case, the disk-shaped drive element 7 on its the tail 4 of the penetrator 2 side facing a recess 70 for the positive reception of the rear end portion of the tail unit 4.

According to the invention, the driving element 7 is connected to the penetrator 2 via a so-called flying-floor fastening bolt 100 in the form of a screw connection. For this purpose, a preferably made of metal screw 9 is provided, which comprises a first sub-element 10, the front side an internal thread 11 (FIG. Fig.2 ) and is axially screwed to the external thread 12 of a second sub-element 13. It is in the second sub-element 13 is provided with an external thread Leuchtspurnapf, which is screwed with its the first part of the element 10 opposite end into an internal thread 14 of the rear wall 15 of the tail 4.

The first sub-element 10 is bolt-shaped and comprises a head portion 16 and a shaft portion 17. In this case, the shaft portion 17 is passed through a bore 18 of the drive element 7 in the frusto-conical recess 5 of the tail unit 4 and screwed there with the Leuchtspurnapf 13. The head part 16 projects beyond the bore 18 of the drive element 7 laterally and is supported on the rear-side surface 19 of the drive element 7.

The first sub-element 10 also has a rear open bore 20, in the launch of the projectile 1 can reach propellant charge gases. In this case, the screw 9 is designed such that the resulting in the bore 20 by the propellant gases internal pressure to a rupture of the screw 9 (for example along predetermined breaking points not shown) and thus leads to a separation of the driving element 7 and penetrator 2. After the separation process, the penetrator 2 is free on the drive element 7 and can solve trouble-free before the gun barrel of the drive element 7.

At the same time, it is possible to ignite a light track which may be present in the light track turntable 13 via the propellant charge gases flowing into the frusto-conical recess 5.

As Figure 3 can be removed, the diameter of the bore 18 and thus the maximum internal pressure of the propellant charge gases in the region of the tail can be adjusted by insertable into the first sub-element 10 inserts 21 (for example, provided with a bore grub screw).

The 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the invention, in which a designated again with 2 penetrator with a driving element 7 'by means of a screw 9' is non-positively connected. The screw element also comprises two sub-elements 10 'and 13, wherein the second sub-element 13 in turn is a tracer with external thread.

The first part element 10 'is formed in this embodiment, a plurality of parts and is composed essentially of a cup-shaped attachment member 22 for screwing on the tracer turntable 13 and a provided with a through hole 23 bolt 24 together. The bolt 24 consists of a bolt head 25th and a shaft 26 provided with an external thread. The bolt head 25 is rotatably mounted in a recess 27 of the cup-shaped fastening part 22 and is supported on the inner wall of the recess 27 with the side facing the shaft 26.

The shaft 26 of the bolt 24 is mounted in an axially through the driving element 7 'passing through threaded hole 28, wherein the bolt head 25 remote from the end of the shaft 26 is formed as a square 29, so that the shaft 26 of the rear-side surface 19' of the driving element 10th 'is rotatable.

The invention is of course not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, the screw element does not necessarily have to be composed of two partial elements, but it can be provided that it can either be screwed directly into a thread of the rear wall of the tail unit or screwed onto a pin-shaped extension of the rear wall.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

bullet

2

penetrator

3

sabot

4

Empennage, conical structure

5

frustoconical recess

6

guide cage

7,7 '

driving element

70

recess

8th

longitudinal axis

9.9 '

screw

10.10 '

first subelement

11

inner thread

12

external thread

13

second subelement, tracer

14

inner thread

15

rear wall

16

headboard

17

shank part

18

drilling

19.19 '

surface

20

drilling

21

commitment

22

cup-shaped fastening part

23

Bore, through hole

24

bolts

25

bolt head

26

shaft

27

recess

28

threaded hole

29

square

100

Flying floor fixing bolt

Claims (13)

1. Projectile fastening bolt (100) of a projectile (1) having a subcalibre penetrator (2), which has a conical stabilizer (4), and having a drive element (7; 7') which is essentially in the form of a disc, with the conical stabilizer (4) having a truncated conical recess (5), which is open at the rear, with a screw element (9; 9') which connects the penetrator (2) to the drive element (7, 7') which is in the form of a disc and has a hole (20; 23) which is open at the rear, into which propellant charge gasses enter when the projectile (1) is fired, such that the internal pressure which is created by the propellant charge gasses in the hole (20; 23) leads to the screw element (9; 9') being torn open, and therefore to separation of the drive element (7; 7') and penetrator (2).
2. Projectile fastening bolt according to Claim 1, characterized in that the screw element (9; 9') comprises a first partial element (10; 10') which is connected to the drive element (7; 7') and contains the hole (20; 23) which is open at the rear, which first partial element (10; 10') has an internal thread (11) at the front and is screwed axially to the external thread (12) of a second partial element (13).
3. Projectile fastening bolt according to Claim 2, characterized in that the first partial element (10) comprises an insert (21), which extends in the axial direction and contains the hole (20) which is open at the rear, which insert (21) has an external thread and can be screwed into a corresponding threaded hole in the first partial element (10).
4. Projectile fastening bolt according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first partial element (10) of the screw element (9) comprises a head part (16) and a shank part (17).
5. Projectile fastening bolt according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first partial element (10') of the screw element (9') comprises a fastening part (22), which is in the form of a pan, for screwing onto the second partial element (13) and a threaded bolt (24) which is provided with an aperture hole (23) and has a bolt head (25) and a shank (26) which is provided with an external thread.
6. Projectile (1) having a subcalibre penetrator (2), which has a conical stabilizer (4), and having a drive element (7; 7') which is essentially in the form of a disc, with the conical stabilizer (4) having a truncated conical recess (5), which is open at the rear, having a projectile fastening bolt according to one of Claims 1 to 5, with the screw element (9; 9') being passed through the truncated conical recess (5) in the stabilizer (4), and connecting the drive element (7; 7') and the rear wall (15) of the penetrator (2) to one another, with the rear wall (15) of the penetrator (2) bounding the stabilizer (4) at the front.
7. Projectile according to Claim 6, characterized in that the second partial element (13) is connected to the rear wall (15) of the stabilizer (4).
8. Projectile according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the second partial element (13) is a tracer pan which is provided with an external thread (12).
9. Projectile according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the shank part (17) is passed through a hole (18) in the drive element (7) into the truncated conical recess (5) and is screwed to the second partial element (13), and with the head part (16) overhanging the hole (18) in the drive element (7) at the side, and being supported on the rear surface (19) of the drive element (7).
10. Projectile according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the shank (26) is mounted in a threaded hole (28) which passes axially through the drive element (7') such that that end of the shank (26) which is remote from the bolt head (25) can be rotated out from the rear surface (19') of the drive element (7'), and in that the bolt head (25) is mounted, such that they rotate together, in a recess (27), which faces the screw element (9'), in the fastening part (22) which is in the form of a pan.
11. Projectile according to Claim 6, characterized in that the drive element is connected to a screw element which is in the form of a bolt, projects axially into the truncated conical recess (5) and is screwed into an internal thread (14) in the rear wall (15) of the penetrator (2), which rear wall (15) bounds the recess (5).
12. Projectile according to one of Claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the drive element (7, 7'), which is in the form of a disc, has a recess (70) on its side facing the stabilizer (4) of the penetrator (2), for holding the rear end area of the stabilizer (4) in an interlocking manner.
13. Projectile according to one of Claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the drive element (7; 7'), which is in the form of a disc, is composed of metal, preferably a light alloy.

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