EP2320522A1 - Antenna architecture implementing a synthesis of beams with samplers at variable pitch - Google Patents

Antenna architecture implementing a synthesis of beams with samplers at variable pitch Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2320522A1
EP2320522A1 EP10187135A EP10187135A EP2320522A1 EP 2320522 A1 EP2320522 A1 EP 2320522A1 EP 10187135 A EP10187135 A EP 10187135A EP 10187135 A EP10187135 A EP 10187135A EP 2320522 A1 EP2320522 A1 EP 2320522A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sources
antenna
antenna system
misalignment
equal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10187135A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2320522B1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Raguenet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thales SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thales SA filed Critical Thales SA
Publication of EP2320522A1 publication Critical patent/EP2320522A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2320522B1 publication Critical patent/EP2320522B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna device generating one or more beams and intended to be embedded on a satellite, in particular a geostationary-type satellite or operating in HEO (High Elliptical Orbit) mode.
  • a satellite in particular a geostationary-type satellite or operating in HEO (High Elliptical Orbit) mode.
  • HEO High Elliptical Orbit
  • the design of the onboard antenna according to the invention is in the context of a general problem related to the performance performance in terms of field of view, directivity and merit factor G / T, where G is the antenna gain and T the equivalent noise temperature developed at the system level, and thus involving the architecture of the payload, with a minimum of sources.
  • G is the antenna gain and T the equivalent noise temperature developed at the system level, and thus involving the architecture of the payload, with a minimum of sources.
  • the objective is to arrive at an optimized dimensioning of such an antenna in terms of complexity and cost, while maintaining precise system objectives relating to the quality of the link envisaged.
  • These system objectives can be parameterized according to the capacity or the flow, or, at the level of the edge segment, by quantities such as the G gain or the G / T merit factor.
  • one area of improvement consists of reducing the number of sources. For that, one is interested in the sampling of a focal network constituted from said sources. In this way, we intend to maintain a high level of performance while decreasing the technical complexity of the system.
  • the present description is based on examples of sizing embedded multi-beam antennas. Starting from a known sizing method, the following description shows how the present invention mainly makes it possible to reduce the number of sources required, while maintaining system objectives that meet the needs of the mission.
  • Telecom satellites such as known satellites of the INMARSAT IV system include 120 sources for generating 220 beams. They each induce the implementation of a focal network illuminating a reflector 9 meters in diameter. This focal network occupies an area of about 2.5 meters by 2.5 meters for a thickness of about sixty centimeters. The complexity of the system results from the product of the number of sources by the number of beams.
  • the satellite link of the geostationary satellite to the low-orbiting satellite has a constraint on the directivity of the beams of the antenna embedded on said geostationary satellite.
  • the fixing a stress on the directivity, typically 44 dBi and a constraint on the G / T ratio, G being the gain of the antenna and T the equivalent noise temperature, typically 17 dB / K induces, for a given operating frequency, for example 8 GHz, a minimum diameter for the antenna reflector, 2.5 meters in the present example.
  • a given operating frequency for example 8 GHz
  • it is then possible to calculate the geometry of a horn adapted to such an antenna typically having a diameter of 14 centimeters in this case.
  • the pitch of the sources is chosen proportional to the operating wavelength of the antenna.
  • An object of the invention is to simplify the design and especially the sizing of embedded antennas mono or multi-beams, and in particular to reduce the number of sources to implement, with equal or greater performance.
  • the innovative approach is based on three elements: a systemic remark, a principle of flexibility at the sampling sources and know-how in antenna design for space applications.
  • said antenna generates a plurality of beams.
  • the antenna of the system according to the invention can comprise n rows of sources of which a first subset of p rows of sources has a first sampling step, constant, and a second subset of np rows presents a second no sampling, constant and different from said first sampling step, where n and p are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n being greater than or equal to p.
  • the antenna of the system according to the invention can comprise n rows of sources of which a first subset of p rows of sources has a first sampling step, constant, and a second subset of np rows presents a second not sampling, variable, n and p being natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n being greater than or equal to p.
  • the system according to the invention may have misalignment loss performance in all the directions of said antenna less than 1 dB.
  • the system according to the invention may further comprise crowns arranged on each side of at least a portion of the sources.
  • the system according to the invention may comprise a reflector illuminated by the set of sources and at least one horn associated with said set of sources.
  • the system according to the invention has a ratio of the focal length to the reflector diameter greater than or equal to 1.6.
  • the method for dimensioning an on-board antenna system in accordance with the invention may further include a step of calculating the offset to be applied to the focal grating relative to the reflector, so as to take into account the asymmetry of the performance of misalignment losses according to the invention. set of directions of said antenna.
  • the figure 1 clearly shows that a relaxation phenomenon occurs for misalignment angles greater than 7 °.
  • the figure 1 gives, in the context of a receiving antenna having characteristics and performance objectives as described in the example presented above, the thermodynamic temperature of the receiving assembly - comprising an antenna, a "feeder And a reception section - Tsyst, expressed in dBK, as a function of the depointing angle, denoted Dep, of the radiated beam.
  • the temperature Tsyst is not constant during the misalignment.
  • an antenna temperature which is the result of the convolution of the diagram of the antenna with a temperature map.
  • the choice of setting a temperature is only true if the whole beam only sees the Earth. From the moment when the beam is separated, the convolution with a cold source, the interstellar space, will lower this temperature. It is therefore possible to have an abacus of the temperature Tsyst as a function of the angle of misalignment of the beam.
  • the first principle of the invention consists in exploiting this phenomenon of relaxation to adapt as closely as possible the spacing of the sources with a view to reducing the overall complexity of the system.
  • the figure 2 illustrates this principle. Indeed, the figure 2 presents the required directivity as a function of the misalignment of the beams.
  • the taking into account of the relaxe phenomenon described above leads to the second point of the invention, which consists in sampling as accurately as possible, with appropriate sources, so as to meet the minimum directivity objectives required to operate at the iso G / T system.
  • This condition reflects a constant link budget throughout the misalignment and makes it possible not to over-dimension unnecessarily the system as it occurs when working iso gain.
  • the iso G / T condition resulting from the relaxe phenomenon is equivalent to offering the same system capability to users regardless of their location and thus opens up the prospects of simplifying the associated edge segment.
  • the second principle implemented according to the invention consists in changing the spacing of the sources, that is to say the sampling step of said sources, by exploiting the phenomenon of relaxation, and retaining a consistent level of performance from the point of view of the G / T ratio.
  • the requirement, as we have seen, is reflected in the form of a directivity requirement as a function of the misalignment angle, which therefore benefits from the relaxation from 7 ° off-axis.
  • the figure 3 gives an indication of the reflector and source markers, typically used to define offset reflector geometries.
  • the reflector R of an antenna is here represented in section in the form of a parabola arc with apex S.
  • the reflector R is associated with the reference consisting of the axes X R , Y R and Z R , and center the vertex S of the parabola.
  • the source reference associated with the sources of the antenna, consists of the axes X S , Y S and Z S , and has as center the focus F of the parabola corresponding to the reflector R, as shown in the diagram.
  • the main advantage of the invention is to significantly reduce the complexity of a single or multi-beam on-board antenna, in particular by reducing the number of sources to be used, and, consequently, the invention makes it possible to reduce development costs. associated with such an antenna.

Landscapes

  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The system has a set of light beam sources forming a focal array (RF), where the sources are spaced at a sampling pitch. Each source presents a misalignment angle lower than or equal to 7 degrees. An antenna presents directivity, gain and noise equivalent temperature. The sampling pitch is variable, and configured in a manner to optimize directivity of the antenna depending on the misalignment angle of the sources and to maintain constant gain ratio on the noise equivalent temperature. Crowns are arranged on both sides of a part of the sources. An independent claim is also included for a method for dimensioning an antenna system.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif d'antenne générant un ou plusieurs faisceaux et destinée à être embarquée sur un satellite, notamment un satellite de type géostationnaire ou fonctionnant en mode HEO (High Elliptical Orbit).The present invention relates to an antenna device generating one or more beams and intended to be embedded on a satellite, in particular a geostationary-type satellite or operating in HEO (High Elliptical Orbit) mode.

La conception de l'antenne embarquée selon l'invention s'inscrit dans le contexte d'une problématique générale liée à la tenue de performances en termes de champ de vue, de directivité et de facteur de mérite G/T, où G est le gain de l'antenne et T la température de bruit équivalente élaborée au niveau système, et donc mettant en jeu l'architecture de la charge utile, avec un minimum de sources. L'objectif est d'arriver à un dimensionnement optimisé d'une telle antenne en termes de complexité et de coût, tout en tenant d'objectifs systèmes précis relatifs à la qualité de la liaison envisagée. Ces objectifs systèmes sont paramétrables en fonction de la capacité ou du débit, ou, au niveau du segment bord, par des grandeurs comme le gain G ou le facteur de mérite G/T.The design of the onboard antenna according to the invention is in the context of a general problem related to the performance performance in terms of field of view, directivity and merit factor G / T, where G is the antenna gain and T the equivalent noise temperature developed at the system level, and thus involving the architecture of the payload, with a minimum of sources. The objective is to arrive at an optimized dimensioning of such an antenna in terms of complexity and cost, while maintaining precise system objectives relating to the quality of the link envisaged. These system objectives can be parameterized according to the capacity or the flow, or, at the level of the edge segment, by quantities such as the G gain or the G / T merit factor.

L'évolution actuelle des satellites s'effectue dans le sens de missions générant des spots, c'est-à-dire des faisceaux, de plus en plus fins, propres à augmenter les capacités des segments bord. Plusieurs motifs peuvent expliquer cette évolution.The current evolution of satellites is in the sense of missions generating spots, that is to say, beams, more and more thin, able to increase the capabilities of edge segments. Several reasons can explain this evolution.

D'abord, pour des applications télécom, l'utilisateur est de plus en plus mobile et doté d'un terminal portable de petite taille, ce qui nécessite des spots fins afin d'atteindre un niveau de performance satisfaisant.First, for telecom applications, the user is increasingly mobile and has a small portable terminal, which requires fine spots to achieve a satisfactory level of performance.

Ensuite, pour des applications haut-débit, le problème consiste à maximiser le gain, notamment dans les cas où les spots sont fortement dépointés, ce qui induit une directivité de plus en plus forte. Les approches de type mission relais conduisent à des faisceaux fins, fortement dépointés et devant suivre des utilisateurs en orbite basse, tels des satellites d'observation civils ou militaires, des stations orbitales, des drones, voire des avions de reconnaissance ou de cartographie.Then, for high-speed applications, the problem is to maximize the gain, especially in cases where the spots are highly detuned, which induces a directivity increasingly strong. Relay mission-type approaches lead to thin beams that are highly detuned and have to follow low-orbit users, such as civilian or military observation satellites, orbital stations, drones, and even reconnaissance or mapping aircraft.

Dans ce contexte de cette recherche d'un dimensionnement optimal d'antennes embarquées performantes et aux coûts de développement le plus sécurisés possibles, un axe d'amélioration consiste à réduire le nombre de sources. Pour cela, on s'intéresse à l'échantillonnage d'un réseau focal constitué à partir desdites sources. De cette façon, on entend maintenir un haut niveau de performance tout en diminuant la complexité technique du système.In this context of this search for optimal sizing of high-performance on-board antennas and the most secure development costs possible, one area of improvement consists of reducing the number of sources. For that, one is interested in the sampling of a focal network constituted from said sources. In this way, we intend to maintain a high level of performance while decreasing the technical complexity of the system.

Afin d'illustrer le problème technique résolu par l'invention, la présente description se fonde sur des exemples de dimensionnement d'antennes embarquées multi-faisceaux. Partant d'une méthode de dimensionnement connue, la description qui suit montre comment la présente invention permet principalement de réduire le nombre de sources nécessaires, tout en conservant des objectifs systèmes conformes aux besoins de la mission.In order to illustrate the technical problem solved by the invention, the present description is based on examples of sizing embedded multi-beam antennas. Starting from a known sizing method, the following description shows how the present invention mainly makes it possible to reduce the number of sources required, while maintaining system objectives that meet the needs of the mission.

Des satellites télécom tels que les satellites connus du système INMARSAT IV comprennent 120 sources permettant de générer 220 faisceaux. Ils induisent chacun la mise en oeuvre d'un réseau focal éclairant un réflecteur de 9 mètres de diamètre. Ce réseau focal occupe une surface d'environ 2,5 mètres sur 2,5 mètres pour une épaisseur d'une soixantaine de centimètres. La complexité du système résulte du produit du nombre de sources par le nombre de faisceaux.Telecom satellites such as known satellites of the INMARSAT IV system include 120 sources for generating 220 beams. They each induce the implementation of a focal network illuminating a reflector 9 meters in diameter. This focal network occupies an area of about 2.5 meters by 2.5 meters for a thickness of about sixty centimeters. The complexity of the system results from the product of the number of sources by the number of beams.

D'autres types de missions télécom peuvent induire la mise en oeuvre de 1000 faisceaux : comme on le voit, le nombre de sources est un paramètre dimensionnant de tels systèmes et la réduction de ce nombre revêt une importance primordiale.Other types of telecom missions can induce the implementation of 1000 beams: as we can see, the number of sources is a dimensioning parameter of such systems and the reduction of this number is of paramount importance.

Pour des applications haut-débit assurées par des satellites d'observation en orbite basse relayés par des satellites géostationnaires, la problématique de réduction du nombre de sources se pose également.For high-speed applications provided by low-orbit observation satellites relayed by geostationary satellites, the problem of reducing the number of sources also arises.

En effet, la liaison-satellite du satellite géostationnaire vers le satellite en orbite basse présente une contrainte sur la directivité des faisceaux de l'antenne embarquée sur ledit satellite géostationnaire. Ainsi, la fixation d'une contrainte sur la directivité, typiquement 44 dBi et d'une contrainte sur le rapport G/T, G étant le gain de l'antenne et T la température de bruit équivalente, typiquement 17 dB/K, induit, pour une fréquence de fonctionnement donnée, par exemple 8 GHz, un diamètre minimal pour le réflecteur de l'antenne, 2,5 mètres dans le présent exemple. Selon des méthodes connues de l'état de la technique, et en fonction de contraintes liées à la mission, il est ensuite possible de calculer la géométrie d'un cornet adapté à une telle antenne, présentant typiquement dans ce cas un diamètre de 14 centimètres pour une longueur de 45 centimètres, et la taille d'un réseau focal correspondant, configuré pour assurer les performances souhaitées en termes de directivité, à savoir 44 dBi, pour un dépointage pouvant atteindre 9°. Les calculs, avec les données de l'exemple choisi ici, donnent un réseau focal de 1,25 à 1,3 mètre de diamètre. Il reste, pour clore cet exemple d'application numérique, à déterminer le nombre de sources à mettre en oeuvre, qui dépend du pas des sources, la taille du réseau focal étant connu.Indeed, the satellite link of the geostationary satellite to the low-orbiting satellite has a constraint on the directivity of the beams of the antenna embedded on said geostationary satellite. So, the fixing a stress on the directivity, typically 44 dBi and a constraint on the G / T ratio, G being the gain of the antenna and T the equivalent noise temperature, typically 17 dB / K, induces, for a given operating frequency, for example 8 GHz, a minimum diameter for the antenna reflector, 2.5 meters in the present example. According to known methods of the state of the art, and according to constraints related to the mission, it is then possible to calculate the geometry of a horn adapted to such an antenna, typically having a diameter of 14 centimeters in this case. for a length of 45 centimeters, and the size of a corresponding focal grating, configured to provide the desired performance in terms of directivity, namely 44 dBi, for a misalignment of up to 9 °. The calculations, with the data of the example chosen here, give a focal network of 1.25 to 1.3 meters in diameter. To close this example of a digital application, it remains to determine the number of sources to be used, which depends on the pitch of the sources, the size of the focal network being known.

Dans l'état de la technique, l'échantillonnage des sources se fait à pas constant.In the state of the art, the sampling of the sources is done with constant pitch.

Il faut noter que le pas des sources est choisi proportionnel à la longueur d'onde de fonctionnement de l'antenne. En appliquant les méthodes connues de dimensionnement, on trouve un optimum pour un pas d'échantillonnage d'environ 1 à 1,2 fois la longueur d'onde de fonctionnement, ce qui donne, avec déjà 217 sources, un diamètre maximum du réseau focal de 800 millimètres, ce qui est très loin des 1,25 à 1,3 mètre requis. Cela implique d'ajouter des couronnes de part et d'autre des sources afin de créer un réseau focal d'environ 1,3 mètre de diamètre.It should be noted that the pitch of the sources is chosen proportional to the operating wavelength of the antenna. Applying the known methods of dimensioning, we find an optimum for a sampling step of about 1 to 1.2 times the operating wavelength, which gives, with already 217 sources, a maximum diameter of the focal network 800 millimeters, which is very far from the 1.25 to 1.3 meters required. This involves adding crowns on either side of the sources to create a focal network of about 1.3 meters in diameter.

Le dépointage requis se trouvant à +/-9° environ, il est nécessaire d'accroître le nombre de couronnes et de faire évoluer ce premier résultat de dimensionnement vers un plus grand nombre de sources. Le calcul optimal, donnant un pas des sources de 1,2 fois la longueur d'onde de fonctionnement, et permettant de tenir les performances invoquées, permet de calculer un nombre de sources proche de 630.As the required misalignment is approximately +/- 9 °, it is necessary to increase the number of crowns and to make this first sizing result evolve towards a larger number of sources. The optimal computation, giving a step of the sources of 1.2 times the wavelength of operation, and making it possible to hold the invoked performances, makes it possible to calculate a number of sources close to 630.

Un but de l'invention est de simplifier la conception et surtout le dimensionnement des antennes embarquées mono ou multi-faisceaux, et notamment de diminuer le nombre de sources à mettre en oeuvre, à performances égales ou supérieures.An object of the invention is to simplify the design and especially the sizing of embedded antennas mono or multi-beams, and in particular to reduce the number of sources to implement, with equal or greater performance.

La démarche innovante s'appuie sur trois éléments : une remarque d'ordre système, un principe de flexibilité au niveau des sources échantillonneuses et un savoir-faire en conception d'antennes pour des applications spatiales.The innovative approach is based on three elements: a systemic remark, a principle of flexibility at the sampling sources and know-how in antenna design for space applications.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un système d'antenne embarquée pour satellite, comportant un ensemble de sources, constituant un réseau focal, et espacées d'un pas d'échantillonnage, chaque source de l'ensemble de sources présentant un angle de dépointage, ladite antenne embarquée présentant une directivité, un gain et une température de bruit équivalente, caractérisé en ce que ledit pas d'échantillonnage est :

  • variable,
  • et configuré de manière à optimiser la directivité de l'antenne en fonction de l'angle de dépointage desdites sources et à maintenir sensiblement constant le rapport du gain sur la température de bruit équivalente, correspondant au facteur de mérite du système.
For this purpose, the subject of the invention is an on-board satellite antenna system, comprising a set of sources, constituting a focal network, and spaced at a sampling interval, each source of the set of sources exhibiting a misalignment angle, said onboard antenna having a directivity, a gain and an equivalent noise temperature, characterized in that said sampling step is:
  • variable,
  • and configured to optimize the directivity of the antenna as a function of the misalignment angle of said sources and to maintain substantially the ratio of the gain to the equivalent noise temperature, corresponding to the merit factor of the system.

Selon un mode de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, ladite antenne génère une pluralité de faisceaux.According to one embodiment of the invention, said antenna generates a plurality of beams.

Avantageusement, l'antenne du système selon l'invention peut comprendre n rangées de sources dont un premier sous-ensemble de p rangées de sources présente un premier pas d'échantillonnage, constant, et un second sous-ensemble de n-p rangées présente un second pas d'échantillonnage, constant et différent dudit premier pas d'échantillonnage, n et p étant des entiers naturels supérieurs ou égaux à 1, et n étant supérieur ou égal à p.Advantageously, the antenna of the system according to the invention can comprise n rows of sources of which a first subset of p rows of sources has a first sampling step, constant, and a second subset of np rows presents a second no sampling, constant and different from said first sampling step, where n and p are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n being greater than or equal to p.

Avantageusement, l'antenne du système selon l'invention peut comprendre n rangées de sources dont un premier sous-ensemble de p rangées de sources présente un premier pas d'échantillonnage, constant, et un second sous-ensemble de n-p rangées présente un second pas d'échantillonnage, variable, n et p étant des entiers naturels supérieurs ou égaux à 1, et n étant supérieur ou égal à p.Advantageously, the antenna of the system according to the invention can comprise n rows of sources of which a first subset of p rows of sources has a first sampling step, constant, and a second subset of np rows presents a second not sampling, variable, n and p being natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n being greater than or equal to p.

Avantageusement, il existe un phénomène de relaxe correspondant à une diminution de la température de bruit due au dépointage du faisceau, caractérisé en ce que celle(s), parmi l'ensemble de sources, qui présentent un angle de dépointage supérieur ou égal à un seuil prédéterminé, constitue(nt) ledit second sous-ensemble de sources, présentant le second pas d'échantillonnage, variable.Advantageously, there is a phenomenon of relaxation corresponding to a decrease in the noise temperature due to misalignment of the beam, characterized in that that (s), among the set of sources, which have a misalignment angle greater than or equal to one predetermined threshold, constitutes (nt) said second subset of sources, having the second sampling step, variable.

Dans un exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, le système selon ;l'invention présente une longueur d'onde de fonctionnement λ, caractérisé en ce que :

  • l'ensemble de sources comprend environ 550 sources,
  • ledit premier sous-ensemble est constitué des sources, parmi l'ensemble de sources, présentant un angle de dépointage inférieur ou égal à 7°, et présente un pas d'échantillonnage constant égal à 1,4λ,
  • ledit deuxième sous-ensemble est constitué des sources, parmi l'ensemble de sources, présentant un angle de dépointage compris entre 7° et 9°, et présente un pas d'échantillonnage variable, évoluant de 1,4λ à 1,6λ,
  • ladite antenne présente une directivité sensiblement égale à 44 dBi.
In an exemplary implementation of the invention, the system according to the invention has an operating wavelength λ, characterized in that :
  • the set of sources includes about 550 sources,
  • said first subassembly is constituted of the sources, among the set of sources, having a misalignment angle of less than or equal to 7 °, and has a constant sampling pitch equal to 1.4λ,
  • said second subassembly is constituted of the sources, among the set of sources, having a misalignment angle of between 7 ° and 9 °, and has a variable sampling step, evolving from 1.4λ to 1.6λ,
  • said antenna has a directivity substantially equal to 44 dBi.

Avantageusement, le système selon l'invention peut présenter des performances de pertes de dépointage selon l'ensemble des directions de ladite antenne inférieures à 1 dB.Advantageously, the system according to the invention may have misalignment loss performance in all the directions of said antenna less than 1 dB.

Le système selon l'invention peut comporter en outre des couronnes disposées de part d'autre d'au moins une partie des sources.The system according to the invention may further comprise crowns arranged on each side of at least a portion of the sources.

Avantageusement, le système selon l'invention peut comprendre un réflecteur éclairé par l'ensemble de sources et au moins un cornet associé audit ensemble de sources.Advantageously, the system according to the invention may comprise a reflector illuminated by the set of sources and at least one horn associated with said set of sources.

Dans un exemple de mise en oeuvre, le système selon l'invention présente un rapport de la distance focale sur le diamètre du réflecteur supérieur ou égale à 1,6.In an exemplary implementation, the system according to the invention has a ratio of the focal length to the reflector diameter greater than or equal to 1.6.

Selon l'invention, une méthode pour dimensionner un système d'antenne embarquée conforme à l'invention peut comprendre les étapes suivantes :

  • le calcul de la température de bruit équivalente de ladite antenne, en fonction de l'angle de dépointage des sources de l'ensemble de sources, mettant en évidence un phénomène de relaxe ;
  • le calcul du besoin en directivité des sources de l'ensemble de sources en fonction de l'angle de dépointage desdites sources, tenant compte du phénomène de relaxe ;
  • le calcul du pas d'échantillonnage des sources de sorte à satisfaire le besoin en directivité calculé pour l'ensemble des sources.
According to the invention, a method for dimensioning an on-board antenna system in accordance with the invention may comprise the following steps:
  • calculating the equivalent noise temperature of said antenna, as a function of the misalignment angle of the sources of the set of sources, highlighting a phenomenon of relaxation;
  • calculating the directivity need of the sources of the set of sources as a function of the angle of offsetting of said sources, taking into account the phenomenon of relaxation;
  • the calculation of the sampling rate of the sources so as to satisfy the need for directivity calculated for all the sources.

La méthode pour dimensionner un système d'antenne embarquée conforme à l'invention peut comporter par ailleurs une étape de calcul du décalage à appliquer au réseau focal relativement au réflecteur, de manière à prendre en compte la dissymétrie des performances de pertes de dépointage selon l'ensemble des directions de ladite antenne.The method for dimensioning an on-board antenna system in accordance with the invention may further include a step of calculating the offset to be applied to the focal grating relative to the reflector, so as to take into account the asymmetry of the performance of misalignment losses according to the invention. set of directions of said antenna.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à l'aide de la description qui suit faite en regard des dessins annexés qui représentent :

  • la figure 1 : un abaque de la température système - intervenant dans l'équation du bilan de liaison - en fonction du dépointage des faisceaux, démontrant un phénomène de relaxe ;
  • la figure 2 : un graphique représentant la directivité requise en fonction du dépointage des faisceaux, démontrant une chute du besoin en directivité dès lors que le spot intercepte de l'espace « froid » ;
  • la figure 3 : la définition des repères associées aux réflecteur et sources d'une antenne ;
  • la figure 4 : un schéma représentant notamment la disposition d'un réseau focal relativement aux sources, dans le repère défini à la figure 3.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent with the aid of the following description made with reference to the appended drawings which represent:
  • the figure 1 : an abacus of the system temperature - involved in the equation of the link budget - as a function of the misalignment of the beams, demonstrating a phenomenon of relaxation;
  • the figure 2 : a graph representing the required directivity as a function of the misalignment of the beams, demonstrating a drop in the directivity requirement as soon as the spot intercepts "cold"space;
  • the figure 3 : the definition of the marks associated with the reflector and sources of an antenna;
  • the figure 4 : a diagram representing in particular the arrangement of a focal network relative to the sources, in the reference defined in the figure 3 .

La figure 1 montre clairement qu'un phénomène de relaxe se produit pour des angles de dépointage supérieurs à 7°. La figure 1 donne en effet, dans le cadre d'une antenne de réception présentant des caractéristiques et des objectifs de performances tels que décrit dans l'exemple présenté ci-dessus, la température thermodynamique de l'ensemble de réception - comprenant une antenne, un « feeder » et une section de réception - Tsyst, exprimée en dBK, en fonction de l'angle de dépointage, noté Dep, du faisceau rayonné.The figure 1 clearly shows that a relaxation phenomenon occurs for misalignment angles greater than 7 °. The figure 1 gives, in the context of a receiving antenna having characteristics and performance objectives as described in the example presented above, the thermodynamic temperature of the receiving assembly - comprising an antenna, a "feeder And a reception section - Tsyst, expressed in dBK, as a function of the depointing angle, denoted Dep, of the radiated beam.

On constate immédiatement que la température Tsyst n'est pas constante au cours du dépointage. Habituellement, dans la formulation par l'expression de FRIIS, on considère une température antenne qui est le résultat de la convolution du diagramme de l'antenne avec une carte de température. Le choix qui consiste à fixer une température, par exemple 295 K ou 300 K, n'est vrai que si la totalité du faisceau ne voit que la Terre. A partir du moment où le faisceau se dépointe, la convolution avec une source froide, l'espace intersidéral, va abaisser cette température. Il est donc possible de disposer d'un abaque de la température Tsyst en fonction de l'angle de dépointage du faisceau. Or, le besoin en performance au niveau du bilan de liaison, s'exprime par l'intermédiaire du rapport G/Tsyst, donc si Tsyst diminue, l'exigence est moins forte sur la directivité G. Il y a donc un phénomène de relaxe sur les directivités au cours du dépointage, ainsi que le montre l'abaque de la figure 2.It is immediately apparent that the temperature Tsyst is not constant during the misalignment. Usually, in the formulation by the expression of FRIIS, one considers an antenna temperature which is the result of the convolution of the diagram of the antenna with a temperature map. The choice of setting a temperature, for example 295 K or 300 K, is only true if the whole beam only sees the Earth. From the moment when the beam is separated, the convolution with a cold source, the interstellar space, will lower this temperature. It is therefore possible to have an abacus of the temperature Tsyst as a function of the angle of misalignment of the beam. However, the need for performance in terms of the link budget, is expressed through the G / Tsyst report, so if Tsyst decreases, the requirement is less strong on the directionality G. There is therefore a phenomenon of relaxation on the directivities during the misalignment, as shown by the abacus of the figure 2 .

Sur la figure 1, on remarque que l'on part d'un besoin système à 26 dBK, correspondant à 400 K, pour des angles de dépointage allant de 0° à 7° environ. Ensuite, lorsque le faisceau intercepte du froid, la température système Tsyst décroît de près de 2 dBK.On the figure 1 it should be noted that a system requirement of 26 dBK, corresponding to 400 K, is used for misalignment angles ranging from 0 ° to approximately 7 °. Then, when the beam catches cold, the Tsyst system temperature decreases by almost 2 dBK.

Le premier principe de l'invention consiste à exploiter ce phénomène de relaxe pour adapter au plus juste l'espacement des sources en vue de diminuer la complexité globale du système.The first principle of the invention consists in exploiting this phenomenon of relaxation to adapt as closely as possible the spacing of the sources with a view to reducing the overall complexity of the system.

La figure 2 illustre ce principe. En effet, la figure 2 présente la directivité requise en fonction du dépointage des faisceaux.The figure 2 illustrates this principle. Indeed, the figure 2 presents the required directivity as a function of the misalignment of the beams.

Ainsi, la prise en compte du phénomène de relaxe décrit ci-dessus amène au second point de l'invention, qui consiste à échantillonner au plus juste, avec des sources adaptées, de façon à tenir les objectifs de directivité minimum requise pour fonctionner au niveau système à iso G/T. Cette condition traduit un bilan de liaison constant tout au long du dépointage et permet de ne pas sur-dimensionner inutilement le système tel que cela se produit lorsqu'on travaille à iso gain. La condition iso G/T issue du phénomène de relaxe équivaut à offrir la même capacité système aux utilisateurs quelque soit leur localisation et ouvre ainsi les perspectives de simplification du segment bord associée.Thus, the taking into account of the relaxe phenomenon described above leads to the second point of the invention, which consists in sampling as accurately as possible, with appropriate sources, so as to meet the minimum directivity objectives required to operate at the iso G / T system. This condition reflects a constant link budget throughout the misalignment and makes it possible not to over-dimension unnecessarily the system as it occurs when working iso gain. The iso G / T condition resulting from the relaxe phenomenon is equivalent to offering the same system capability to users regardless of their location and thus opens up the prospects of simplifying the associated edge segment.

En d'autres termes, on va adapter le pas d'échantillonnage des sources, au plus juste, en fonction du besoin en directivité, et donc en fonction du dépointage des faisceaux, comme le montre la figure 2.In other words, we will adapt the sampling rate of the sources, at the right, according to the need for directivity, and therefore as a function of the misalignment of the beams, as shown in FIG. figure 2 .

Dans le cas présenté ici à titre d'exemple, on constate un besoin en directivité de 44 dBi jusqu'à des angles de dépointage d'environ 7°.In the case presented here by way of example, there is a directivity requirement of 44 dBi up to misalignment angles of about 7 °.

Ensuite, le second principe mis en oeuvre au titre de l'invention consiste à faire évoluer l'espacement des sources, c'est-à-dire le pas d'échantillonnage desdites sources, en exploitant le phénomène de relaxe, et en conservant un niveau de performance constant du point de vue du rapport G/T. L'exigence, comme on l'a vu, se traduit sous la forme d'un besoin en directivité en fonction de l'angle de dépointage, qui bénéficie par conséquent de la relaxe à partir de 7° hors axe.Next, the second principle implemented according to the invention consists in changing the spacing of the sources, that is to say the sampling step of said sources, by exploiting the phenomenon of relaxation, and retaining a consistent level of performance from the point of view of the G / T ratio. The requirement, as we have seen, is reflected in the form of a directivity requirement as a function of the misalignment angle, which therefore benefits from the relaxation from 7 ° off-axis.

Par des calculs classiques, dont la synthèse se trouve en figure 2, et toujours dans le cadre de l'application numérique donnée à titre d'exemple dans la présente description, on détermine une géométrie du système telle que :

  • le pas d'échantillonnage des sources est de 1,4 λ, λ étant la longueur d'onde de fonctionnement, jusqu'à des angles de dépointage de 7°, permettant de tenir des performances de directivité de 44 dBi ;
  • le pas d'échantillonnage des sources est de 1,6 λ, pour les angles de dépointage de 7° à 9°, permettant de tenir des performances de directivité de 42,13 dBi pour le cas extrême de 9° de dépointage hors de l'axe.
By classical calculations, whose synthesis is in figure 2 , and still in the context of the numerical application given by way of example in the present description, a geometry of the system such as:
  • the sampling rate of the sources is 1.4 λ, λ being the operating wavelength, up to misalignment angles of 7 °, making it possible to maintain directivity performances of 44 dBi;
  • the sampling step of the sources is 1.6 λ, for the misalignment angles of 7 ° to 9 °, making it possible to hold directivity performance of 42.13 dBi for the extreme case of 9 ° off-axis misalignment.

Par ailleurs, pour la conception complète d'une antenne, la prise en compte des performances de pertes de dépointage selon l'ensemble des directions de ladite antenne est essentielle. Or, ces performances ne sont pas équilibrées, selon les quatre plans cardinaux, en raison des aberrations de dé focalisation plus fortes selon les différents axes des repères source ou réflecteur.Furthermore, for the complete design of an antenna, taking into account the performance of misalignment losses in all directions of said antenna is essential. However, these performances are not balanced, according to the four cardinal planes, because of the stronger focusing aberrations according to the different axes of the source or reflector markers.

La figure 3 donne une indication des repères réflecteur et source, typiquement utilisés pour définir des géométries de réflecteur offset. Le réflecteur R d'une antenne est ici représenté en coupe sous la forme d'un arc de parabole de sommet S. Comme cela apparaît sur la figure 3, le réflecteur R est associé au repère constitué des axes XR, YR et ZR, et de centre le sommet S de la parabole. Le repère source, associé aux sources de l'antenne, est constitué des axes XS, YS et ZS, et présente pour centre le foyer F de la parabole correspondant au réflecteur R, comme représenté sur le schéma.The figure 3 gives an indication of the reflector and source markers, typically used to define offset reflector geometries. The reflector R of an antenna is here represented in section in the form of a parabola arc with apex S. As it appears on the figure 3 , the reflector R is associated with the reference consisting of the axes X R , Y R and Z R , and center the vertex S of the parabola. The source reference, associated with the sources of the antenna, consists of the axes X S , Y S and Z S , and has as center the focus F of the parabola corresponding to the reflector R, as shown in the diagram.

Les repères réflecteur et source étant définis, on constate que le cas le plus pénalisant en termes d'impact sur la réduction de directivité concerne les translations des sources du côté des YS négatifs.The reflector and source markers being defined, it is found that the most penalizing case in terms of impact on the directivity reduction relates to the translations of the sources on the negative Y S side.

En effet, à titre d'exemple selon cet axe, l'évaluation des performances pour différents cas de dépointage et de pas d'échantillonnage des sources montre qu'un réseau focal RF générant des faisceaux selon une symétrie conique au sol, typiquement un cône Terre FOV à +/-9° environ autour d'un axe focal ZF correspondant au centre Terre, ne sera pas symétrique autour du point focal F, mais désaxé vers les YS positifs dans le repère source, comme cela est présenté sur la figure 4.Indeed, by way of example along this axis, the evaluation of the performances for different cases of misalignment and no sampling of the sources shows that an RF focal grating generating beams in conical symmetry on the ground, typically a cone FOV ground +/- 9 ° about a focal axis Z F corresponding to the earth center, will not be symmetric about the focal point F, but off-axis toward the positive Y S in the source frame, as is shown in figure 4 .

Au final, un exemple de dimensionnement d'antenne embarquée multi-faisceaux selon l'invention donne, dans le cas présent, les résultats suivants :

  • 25 rangées de sources, soit un nombre de l'ordre de 550 sources de nature différente, distribuées sur un réflecteur éclairé par des cornets haute efficacité, par exemple de 1,4 λ et 1,6 λ.
Finally, an example of multibeam embedded antenna sizing according to the invention gives, in this case, the following results:
  • 25 rows of sources, a number of the order of 550 sources of different nature, distributed on a reflector illuminated by high efficiency turbules, for example 1.4 λ and 1.6 λ.

Un dimensionnement selon l'état de la technique aurait donné, pour un niveau de performances équivalent :

  • 27 rangées de sources, soit 631 éléments.
A sizing according to the state of the art would have given, for an equivalent level of performance:
  • 27 rows of sources, or 631 elements.

L'invention a pour principal avantage de réduire significativement la complexité d'une antenne embarquée mono ou multi-faisceaux, en réduisant notamment le nombre de sources à mettre en oeuvre, et, par conséquent, l'invention permet de réduire les coûts de développement associés à une telle antenne.The main advantage of the invention is to significantly reduce the complexity of a single or multi-beam on-board antenna, in particular by reducing the number of sources to be used, and, consequently, the invention makes it possible to reduce development costs. associated with such an antenna.

Cette réduction de la complexité générale, correspondant à une diminution de 10 % à 15 % en termes de composants élémentaires à mettre en oeuvre, est obtenue sans pénaliser les performances globales du système, puisque celui-ci est dimensionné à capacité équivalente, cette condition étant traduite en iso G/T au niveau des paramètres du segment bord.This reduction in overall complexity, corresponding to a decrease of 10% to 15% in terms of the elementary components to be implemented, is obtained without penalizing the overall performance of the system, since it is dimensioned to equivalent capacity, this condition being translated into iso G / T at the edge segment parameters.

Claims (12)

Système d'antenne embarquée pour satellite, comportant un ensemble de sources, constituant un réseau focal, et espacées d'un pas d'échantillonnage, chaque source de l'ensemble de sources présentant un angle de dépointage, ladite antenne embarquée présentant une directivité, un gain et une température de bruit équivalente (Tsyst), caractérisé en ce que ledit pas d'échantillonnage est : • variable, • et configuré de manière à optimiser la directivité de l'antenne en fonction de l'angle de dépointage desdites sources et à maintenir sensiblement constant le rapport du gain sur la température de bruit équivalente (Tsyst), correspondant au facteur de mérite du système. An onboard satellite antenna system comprising a set of sources constituting a focal grating and spaced at a sampling interval, each source of the set of sources having a misalignment angle, said embedded antenna having a directivity, a gain and an equivalent noise temperature (Tsyst), characterized in that said sampling step is: • variable, And configured to optimize the directionality of the antenna as a function of the angle of misalignment of said sources and to maintain substantially constant the ratio of the gain on the equivalent noise temperature (Tsyst) corresponding to the merit factor of the system. Système d'antenne embarquée selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite antenne génère une pluralité de faisceaux.An antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that said antenna generates a plurality of beams. Système d'antenne embarquée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend n rangées de sources dont un premier sous-ensemble de p rangées de sources présente un premier pas d'échantillonnage, constant, et un second sous-ensemble de n-p rangées présente un second pas d'échantillonnage, constant et différent dudit premier pas d'échantillonnage, n et p étant des entiers naturels supérieurs ou égaux à 1, et n étant supérieur ou égal à p.An antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises n rows of sources of which a first subset of p rows of sources has a first sampling step, constant, and a second subset of np rows has a second sampling step, constant and different from said first sampling step, where n and p are natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n being greater than or equal to p. Système d'antenne embarquée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend n rangées de sources dont un premier sous-ensemble de p rangées de sources présente un premier pas d'échantillonnage, constant, et un second sous-ensemble de n-p rangées présente un second pas d'échantillonnage, variable, n et p étant des entiers naturels supérieurs ou égaux à 1, et n étant supérieur ou égal à p.An antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that it comprises n rows of sources of which a first subset of p rows of sources has a first sampling step, constant, and a second subset of np rows has a second sampling step, variable, n and p being natural numbers greater than or equal to 1, and n being greater than or equal to p. Système d'antenne embarquée selon la revendication 4, pour lequel il existe un phénomène de relaxe correspondant à une diminution de la température de bruit due au dépointage du faisceau, caractérisé en ce que celle(s), parmi l'ensemble de sources, qui présentent un angle de dépointage supérieur ou égal à un seuil prédéterminé, constitue(nt) ledit second sous-ensemble de sources, présentant le second pas d'échantillonnage, variable.An onboard antenna system according to claim 4, for which there is a relaxation phenomenon corresponding to a decrease in the noise temperature due to the misalignment of the beam, characterized in that that (s), among the set of sources, which have a misalignment angle greater than or equal to a predetermined threshold, constitute (s) said second subset of sources, having the second sampling step, variable. Système d'antenne embarquée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 5, présentant une longueur d'onde de fonctionnement λ, caractérisé en ce que : • l'ensemble de sources comprend environ 550 sources, • ledit premier sous-ensemble est constitué des sources, parmi l'ensemble de sources, présentant un angle de dépointage inférieur ou égal à 7°, et présente un pas d'échantillonnage constant égal à 1,4λ, • ledit deuxième sous-ensemble est constitué des sources, parmi l'ensemble de sources, présentant un angle de dépointage compris entre 7° et 9°, et présente un pas d'échantillonnage variable, évoluant de 1,4λ à 1,6λ, • ladite antenne présente une directivité sensiblement égale à 44 dBi. On-board antenna system according to one of Claims 4 to 5, having an operating wavelength λ, characterized in that : • the source set includes about 550 sources, Said first subset consists of the sources, among the set of sources, having a misalignment angle of less than or equal to 7 °, and has a constant sampling pitch equal to 1.4λ, Said second subset consists of the sources, among the set of sources, having a misalignment angle of between 7 ° and 9 °, and has a variable sampling pitch, ranging from 1.4λ to 1.6λ, Said antenna has a directivity substantially equal to 44 dBi. Système d'antenne embarquée selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente des performances de pertes de dépointage selon l'ensemble des directions de ladite antenne inférieures à 1 dB.On-board antenna system according to claim 6, characterized in that it exhibits depointment loss performance in all the directions of said antenna less than 1 dB. Système d'antenne embarquée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre des couronnes disposées de part d'autre d'au moins une partie des sources.An antenna system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises crowns disposed on each side of at least a portion of the sources. Système d'antenne embarquée selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un réflecteur (R) éclairé par l'ensemble de sources et au moins un cornet associé audit ensemble de sources.An on-board antenna system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a reflector (R) illuminated by the set of sources and at least one horn associated with said set of sources. Système d'antenne embarquée selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un rapport de la distance focale sur le diamètre du réflecteur (R) supérieur ou égale à 1,6.On-board antenna system according to claim 9, characterized in that it has a ratio of the focal length to the reflector diameter (R) greater than or equal to 1.6. Méthode pour dimensionner un système d'antenne embarquée conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'elle comprend les étapes suivantes : • le calcul de la température de bruit équivalente (Tsyst) de ladite antenne, en fonction de l'angle de dépointage des sources de l'ensemble de sources, mettant en évidence un phénomène de relaxe ; • le calcul du besoin en directivité des sources de l'ensemble de sources en fonction de l'angle de dépointage desdites sources, tenant compte du phénomène de relaxe ; • le calcul du pas d'échantillonnage des sources de sorte à satisfaire le besoin en directivité calculé pour l'ensemble des sources. Method for dimensioning an on-board antenna system according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Calculating the equivalent noise temperature (Tsyst) of said antenna, as a function of the angle of misalignment of the sources of the set of sources, highlighting a phenomenon of relaxation; Calculating the need in directivity of the sources of the set of sources as a function of the angle of offsetting of said sources, taking into account the phenomenon of relaxation; • the computation of the sampling rate of the sources so as to satisfy the need for directivity calculated for all the sources. Méthode selon la revendication 11, pour dimensionner un système d'antenne embarquée selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'elle comporte par ailleurs une étape de calcul du décalage à appliquer au réseau focal relativement au réflecteur, de manière à prendre en compte la dissymétrie des performances de pertes de dépointage selon l'ensemble des directions de ladite antenne.Method according to claim 11, for dimensioning an on-board antenna system according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a step of calculating the offset to be applied to the focal network relative to the reflector, so as to take into account the asymmetry of the performance of loss of misalignment according to all the directions of said antenna.
EP10187135A 2009-10-20 2010-10-11 Antenna architecture implementing a synthesis of beams with samplers at variable pitch Active EP2320522B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0905031A FR2951586B1 (en) 2009-10-20 2009-10-20 ANTENNA ARCHITECTURE INVOLVING BEAM SYNTHESIS WITH VARIABLE PASTE SAMPLE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2320522A1 true EP2320522A1 (en) 2011-05-11
EP2320522B1 EP2320522B1 (en) 2012-03-14

Family

ID=42671748

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10187135A Active EP2320522B1 (en) 2009-10-20 2010-10-11 Antenna architecture implementing a synthesis of beams with samplers at variable pitch

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2320522B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE549767T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2382880T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2951586B1 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2588422A1 (en) * 1985-10-08 1987-04-10 Thomson Csf Electronic scanning antenna having a small number of radiating and phase-shifting elements, and a restricted scanning angle
EP0964268A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-15 Thomson-Csf Method for increasing the angular coverage of a beam-forming radar, and radar therefor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2588422A1 (en) * 1985-10-08 1987-04-10 Thomson Csf Electronic scanning antenna having a small number of radiating and phase-shifting elements, and a restricted scanning angle
EP0964268A1 (en) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-15 Thomson-Csf Method for increasing the angular coverage of a beam-forming radar, and radar therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE549767T1 (en) 2012-03-15
FR2951586B1 (en) 2011-11-18
EP2320522B1 (en) 2012-03-14
FR2951586A1 (en) 2011-04-22
ES2382880T3 (en) 2012-06-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2194602B1 (en) Antenna with shared sources and design process for a multi-beam antenna with shared sources
EP1177601B1 (en) Antenna with continuous reflector for multiple reception of satellite beams
FR2640431A1 (en) RADIANT MULTI-FREQUENCY DEVICE
FR2845829A1 (en) MULTI-BAND RING FIREPLACE DUAL REFLECTOR ANTENNA SYSTEM
EP0507688A1 (en) Architecture of a space based payload
FR2964800A1 (en) MULTIFUNCAL TELECOMMUNICATION ANTENNA ON HIGH CAPACITY SATELLITE AND ASSOCIATED TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM
EP3154128B1 (en) Compact multi-frequency feed horn, radiating source and antenna comprising such a feed horn
EP2434578B1 (en) Antennal system with two grids of spots with nested complementary meshes
EP3435480A1 (en) Antenna incorporating delay lenses inside a divider based distributor with a parallel plate waveguide
EP1798809B1 (en) Device for transmitting and/or receiving electromagnetic waves for aerodynes
EP0548876B1 (en) An active offset antenna having two reflectors
EP0353138B1 (en) Multispectral mirror device
EP2320522B1 (en) Antenna architecture implementing a synthesis of beams with samplers at variable pitch
EP3639409B1 (en) Satellite payload comprising a dual reflective surface reflector
FR2814614A1 (en) DIVERGENT DOME LENS FOR MICROWAVE WAVES AND ANTENNA COMPRISING SUCH A LENS
WO2020043632A1 (en) Antenna for transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic wave, and system comprising this antenna
EP1472760A1 (en) Receiving antenna for multibeam coverage
CA2327371C (en) Radiating source for transmitting and receiving antenna designed for installation on board a satellite
EP3902059A1 (en) Directional broadband antenna with longitudinal transmission
EP4235253B1 (en) Five mirror telescope
EP0762534A1 (en) Method for enlarging the radiation diagram of an antenna array with elements distributed in a volume
EP0534862B1 (en) An electronic scanning antenna
WO2015189134A1 (en) Flat antenna for satellite communication
EP4194344A1 (en) Ttc antenna arrangement for flat satellite
EP2169441A1 (en) Korsch-type telescope with bounce mirrors

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20110525

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: H01Q 21/22 20060101AFI20111018BHEP

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 549767

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20120315

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602010001059

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20120510

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2382880

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20120614

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20120314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120614

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

LTIE Lt: invalidation of european patent or patent extension

Effective date: 20120314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120615

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 549767

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20120314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120714

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120716

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20121217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602010001059

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20121217

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: THALES

Effective date: 20121031

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20121031

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20121031

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20121011

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120614

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20121011

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20101011

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141031

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20141031

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20120314

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 7

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20201104

Year of fee payment: 11

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20221128

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20211012

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20230914

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230921

Year of fee payment: 14

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20230919

Year of fee payment: 14