EP2320438B1 - Elektromagnetischer Aktuator und ein den Aktuator umfassender elektrischer Schalter - Google Patents

Elektromagnetischer Aktuator und ein den Aktuator umfassender elektrischer Schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2320438B1
EP2320438B1 EP10354055A EP10354055A EP2320438B1 EP 2320438 B1 EP2320438 B1 EP 2320438B1 EP 10354055 A EP10354055 A EP 10354055A EP 10354055 A EP10354055 A EP 10354055A EP 2320438 B1 EP2320438 B1 EP 2320438B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
control
current
fixed
electromagnetic actuator
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EP10354055A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2320438A1 (de
Inventor
Charles Blondel
Roland Moussanet
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Priority to PL10354055T priority Critical patent/PL2320438T3/pl
Publication of EP2320438A1 publication Critical patent/EP2320438A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F2007/1888—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings using pulse width modulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator comprising a magnetic circuit comprising a magnetic yoke collaborating with a movable armature controlled movement between an open position and a closed position. At least one control coil is for generating a magnetic flux for moving or holding the moving armature opposite the magnetic yoke. Control means are provided for supplying the control coil with a call voltage during a closing operation of the actuator, and a holding voltage during a holding operation of the actuator in the closed position.
  • the invention also relates to a switch-type electrical switch device comprising an electromagnetic actuator.
  • the operation of an electromagnetic actuator in the holding phase is generally related to internal conditions of use depending in particular on the state of aging of the apparatus.
  • a switch-type electrical switch device comprises, in known manner, an electromagnetic type actuator 1, one or more poles (for example three poles for a three-pole contactor) with, for each pole, a movable member set in motion by the actuator, one or more movable contacts 21 carried by the movable member and one or more fixed contacts 20.
  • the actuator 1 more particularly comprises a fixed yoke 10 and a movable armature 11 adapted to move relative to the fixed yoke 10 between two positions , an open position ( Figure 1 A) and a closed position ( Figure 1 C) .
  • the electromagnetic actuator also comprises a control coil 3 controlled by a control current in order to move the mobile armature 11 from its open position to its closed position and a return spring 4 positioned between its fixed yoke 10 and its movable armature 11 to move the movable armature 11 from its closed position to its open position.
  • the movable member is for example a movable double break bridge carrying two movable contacts 21 movable between two states, an open state and a closed state, according to the position of the movable armature 11 of the actuator 1.
  • the electrical apparatus comprises a pole spring 5 for crushing the movable contacts 21 against the fixed contacts 20 when the movable armature 11 is in the closed position.
  • the invention described below will be able to operate with a simple rupture type mobile member.
  • the movable armature 11 is in its closing stroke by injecting a control current into the control coil 3 of the actuator 1.
  • the control current must be sufficient to counter the effort provided. by the return spring 4.
  • the movable contacts 21 are brought to the closed state by the actuator 1 but the pole spring 5 is not biased.
  • the movable armature 11 completes its closing stroke and is kept in its closed position relative to the fixed yoke 10 by injecting a sufficient control current into the control coil 3 of the actuator 1.
  • the return spring 4 is compressed to the maximum between the movable armature 11 and the fixed breech 10.
  • the movable contacts 21 are kept in the closed state and are crushed against the fixed contacts 20 by means of the pole spring 5 which is compressed by means of the actuator 1.
  • the pole springs 5 will be more or less compressed and the force provided by the actuator 1 will be more or less important. Indeed, the less the contacts 20, 21 are worn, the more pole springs 5 are compressed and therefore the force provided by the actuator 1 to compress these springs must be important. Therefore, it is possible to correlate the level of wear of the contacts with the force provided by the actuator to compress the pole springs 5.
  • the main problem is that the existing power supply must be used both during the call phase and during the holding phase, and that the order of magnitude of the energies implemented is very different in these two cases. Indeed, the energy requirement during the different phases of operation can have significant differences. For example, the energy required during the holding phase can be substantially between 1 and 4% of the useful energy in the calling phase. With such a power supply device, it is sometimes difficult to have an accurate power level in the holding phase.
  • the maximum inrush current is equal to 2A
  • the holding current can be set to a first initial value equal to 80mA.
  • the setting of the holding current in the control coil is done with a setting step of a value equal to 1% of the maximum inrush current.
  • a variation of the holding current of plus or minus 1% then corresponds to a variation of plus or minus 20mA.
  • the holding current can take in particular the following values 60mA (80mA - 20mA) or 100mA (80mA + 20mA).
  • the setting step of 1% reduced to a value of the holding current equal to 80 mA sets the accuracy level of adjustment of said holding current to ⁇ 25% of the initial value fixed.
  • the holding current can be set to a second initial value equal to 20 mA (in the case of a worn contactor).
  • a variation of the holding current of plus or minus 1% corresponds to a variation of plus or minus 20mA.
  • the holding current can take in particular the following values 0mA (20 mA - 20mA) or 40mA (20mA + 20 mA).
  • the setting step of 1% reduced to a value of a holding current equal to 20mA sets the accuracy level of adjustment of said holding current to ⁇ 100% of the fixed initial value.
  • Some existing solutions recommend the use of two coils. A first coil is then dedicated to the call phase and a second coil is then dedicated to the holding phase. An optimization of the geometry of the windings of the call and hold coils makes it possible to adapt the power value consumed respectively in the call phase and in the hold phase.
  • these solutions have the disadvantage of an additional electronic system for electrical switching between the control circuit and the coils used.
  • the electronic power supply systems do not necessarily include means for precisely regulating the supply of the coils, in particular of the holding coil.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art, so as to provide an electrical switch device whose operation can be optimized to reduce its power consumption.
  • the control means of the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention comprise means for regulating the holding voltage comprising a first voltage step down of the call voltage to provide a lower intermediate voltage and proportional to the call voltage.
  • the said holding voltage regulating means comprise a second voltage step of the intermediate voltage for providing a lower holding voltage proportional to the intermediate voltage.
  • the first voltage step is intended to generate a fixed intermediate voltage
  • the second voltage step is intended to generate a variable sustain voltage proportional to the fixed intermediate voltage
  • the second voltage step-down comprises means for modulating the fixed intermediate voltage according to PWM-type pulse width modulation.
  • the first voltage step-down is intended to generate a variable intermediate voltage
  • the second voltage step-down is intended to generate a fixed holding voltage proportional to said variable intermediate voltage
  • the first voltage step-down comprises means for modulating the call voltage according to PWM-type pulse width modulation.
  • the first voltage step is intended to generate a variable intermediate voltage
  • the second voltage step is intended to generate a variable sustain voltage proportional to said variable intermediate voltage
  • the first voltage step-down comprises means for modulating the call voltage according to PWM-type pulse width modulation and the second voltage step-down device comprises means for modulating the variable intermediate voltage according to pulse modulation. in width of PWM type.
  • control means comprise means for measuring the control current in the actuating coil and means for determining a wear level of the fixed and moving contacts from the control current during the separation of the moving armature relative to the fixed yoke.
  • control means comprise means for determining, as a function of the wear level of the contacts, an optimum control current for holding the moving armature in the closed position, the regulation means controlling a holding voltage supplied to the control coil.
  • Switching type electric switch apparatus comprises a movable member able to move between an open state and a closed state, said member carrying at least one moving contact with respect to a fixed contact for controlling an electric circuit.
  • the electromagnetic actuator 100 comprises a magnetic circuit 1 comprising a magnetic yoke 10 collaborating with a movable armature 11 controlled in movement between an open position and a closed position.
  • the electromagnetic actuator 100 comprises at least one control coil 3 intended to generate a magnetic flux for moving or holding the movable armature 11 opposite the magnetic yoke 10.
  • the magnetic yoke 10 preferably comprises an E-shaped section comprising two outer branches, at least one central branch, and a transverse reinforcement secured to a first end of the outer and central branches.
  • the movable armature 11 is placed vis-à-vis the second ends of the outer branches and moves in translation.
  • the control coil 3 comprising a longitudinal axis substantially coincides with that of the central branch of the magnetic yoke 10 in the form of E. In fact, said control coil 3 is wound on the central branch of the magnetic yoke 10.
  • a return spring 4 is positioned between the magnetic yoke 10 and the movable armature 11 to move the movable armature 11 from its closed position to its open position.
  • the actuator according to the invention may be intended for a switch-type electrical switch-type apparatus comprising one or more electric poles (for example three poles for a three-pole contactor).
  • the mobile armature 11 is then associated with a movable member able to move between an open state and a closed state.
  • the movable member carries at least one movable contact 21 with respect to a fixed contact 20 for controlling an electrical circuit.
  • Each electrical pole of the contactor comprises at least one fixed contact 20 and a movable contact 21.
  • the movable member is for example a double breakable movable bridge carrying two movable contacts 21 movable between two states, an open state and a closed state, according to the position of the mobile armature 11 of the actuator 1.
  • the electrical apparatus comprises a pole spring 5 for crushing the movable contacts 21 against the fixed contacts 20 when the movable armature 11 is in position closure.
  • the invention described below will be able to operate with a simple rupture type mobile member.
  • Figures 1A to 1C show only one pole of the electrical switch device. It should be understood that the invention applies to all the poles of the apparatus.
  • the movable armature 11 is in its closing stroke by injecting a control current into the control coil 3 of the actuator 1.
  • the control current must be sufficient to counter the effort provided. by the return spring 4.
  • the movable contacts 21 are brought to the closed state by the actuator 1 but the pole spring 5 is not biased.
  • the movable armature 11 completes its closing stroke and is kept in its closed position relative to the fixed yoke 10 by injecting a sufficient control current into the control coil 3 of the actuator 1.
  • the return spring 4 is therefore compressed to the maximum between the movable armature 11 and the fixed breech 10.
  • the movable contacts 21 are kept in the closed state and are crushed against the fixed contacts 20 by means of the spring of pole 5 which is compressed by the actuator 1.
  • the movable armature comprises a transverse armature carried to pivot on a central branch of the E-shaped magnetic circuit between two stable positions. Each stable position of the armature corresponds to an open or closed electrical state of electrical contacts of the contactor.
  • the electromagnetic actuator 100 comprises control means 2 for generating a voltage across the control coil 3 to provide a control current i (t) to said coil.
  • the control means 2 are intended to supply a call voltage U to the control coil 3 during a closing operation of the actuator.
  • the call voltage U is equal to the DC voltage of a fixed bus (Direct Current Bus).
  • the call voltage is equal to 320V.
  • the control means 2 are also intended to supply a holding voltage% u to the control coil 3 during a holding operation of the actuator 100 in the closed position.
  • the control means 2 comprise means 50 for regulating the holding voltage.
  • the regulating means comprise a first voltage step-down 51, 54, 56 of the calling voltage U to provide a first intermediate supply voltage.
  • the intermediate supply voltage is lower and proportional to the call voltage U.
  • the regulating means 50 further comprise a second voltage step-down 52, 55, 57 of the intermediate voltage to provide a holding voltage% u.
  • the holding voltage is lower and proportional to the intermediate supply voltage.
  • the holding voltage is applied across the control coil 3.
  • a freewheel device D2 is present in parallel with the control coil 3 in order to avoid overvoltages across the switches and to allow continuity of current in said coil.
  • the first voltage step-down 51 is intended to generate a fixed intermediate voltage u.
  • the second voltage step-down 52 is intended to generate a holding voltage% u variable proportional to the intermediate voltage u fixed.
  • the second voltage step-down 52 comprises means for modulating the fixed intermediate voltage according to PWM-type pulse width modulation.
  • the control means 2 comprise a control unit (control unit) controlling a first switch T1 placed in series with the control coil 3.
  • the control unit places said first switch in conductive position.
  • the control unit controls a second switch T2 connected between the control coil 3 and the regulation means 50.
  • the second switch T2 is placed in the open position.
  • the current in the control coil 3 is then maximal.
  • the call phase lasts about 50 ms.
  • the first and second switches T1, T2 may be transistors.
  • control unit In the holding phase, the control unit (Control unit) opens the first switch T1 and applies to the second switch T2 PWM modulated signal.
  • the maintenance phase begins after the call phase.
  • the first voltage down regulator 51 fixed supply
  • the first voltage down regulator 51 provides a fixed intermediate voltage which is then applied through the second switch T2 and the diode D1 in the control coil 3.
  • the modulation of the PWM type control applied to the second switch T2 allows to vary the average value of the current in the control coil 3.
  • the diode D1 makes it possible to use a second low-voltage switch T2 and to protect it from the call voltage U supplied by the first switch T1 during the calling phase.
  • the amplitude of the holding current of a contactor can vary greatly depending on various parameters and in particular the state of wear of the contactor.
  • the holding current in the control coil 3 can vary by a factor of 1 to 4. As an example of application, the holding current varies between 20mA and 80mA while the maximum inrush current is order of 2A.
  • the first voltage step 51 sets a first intermediate current value equal to 100 mA, ie 5% of 2A.
  • the second voltage step-down 52 sets the sustain current at a first initial value equal to 80mA (80%).
  • a variation of the holding current of plus or minus 1% corresponds to a variation of plus or minus 1 mA.
  • the holding current can take in particular the following values 79mA (80mA - 1 mA) or 81 (80mA + 1mA).
  • the setting step of 1% reduced to a value of the holding current equal to 80 mA, sets the accuracy level of adjustment of said holding current to ⁇ 1.25% of the fixed initial value.
  • the holding current can be set to a second initial value equal to 20 mA (in the case of a worn contactor).
  • a variation of the holding current of plus or minus 1% corresponds to a holding current variation of plus or minus 1 mA.
  • the holding current can take in particular the following values 19mA (20 mA - 1 mA) or 21 mA (20mA +1 mA).
  • the setting step of 1% reduced to the value of a holding current equal to 20 mA, sets the accuracy level of adjustment of said holding current to ⁇ 5% of the initial value fixed.
  • the first voltage step-down 54 is intended to generate a variable intermediate voltage u.
  • the second voltage step-down 55 is intended to generate a fixed holding voltage% u proportional to the variable intermediate voltage u.
  • the first buckener 54 comprises means for modulating the call voltage U according to PWM pulse width modulation.
  • the control means 2 comprise a control unit (control unit) driving a first switch T1 so that it is in the conductive position.
  • the control unit places a second switch T2 in the open position.
  • the current in the control coil 3 is then maximal.
  • the call phase lasts about 50 ms.
  • the first and second switches T1, T2 may be transistors.
  • the control unit controls the opening of the first switch T1 and applies to the second switch T2 a PWM modulated signal.
  • the maintenance phase begins after the call phase. Thanks to the PWM type control applied to the second switch T2, the call voltage U, preferably equal to that of the fixed bus (Direct Current Bus), is modulated.
  • the second voltage step-down 55 has a fixed divisor which reduces the modulated voltage to provide a hold voltage% u to the control coil 3.
  • the hold voltage is applied to the control coil 3 through the diode D1.
  • the modulation of the PWM control applied to the second switch T2 makes it possible to vary the mean value of the current in the control coil 3.
  • the diode D1 makes it possible to protect the fixed divisor output from the call voltage supplied by the switch T1 during the call phase.
  • the first variable voltage step 54 provides a first intermediate current value equal to 1.6A, ie 80% of 2A.
  • the second voltage step 55 sets the sustain current at a first initial value equal to 80 mA (5%).
  • a variation of the holding current of plus or minus 1% corresponds to a variation of plus or minus 1 mA.
  • the holding current can take in particular the following values 79mA (80mA - 1 mA) or 81 (80mA +1 mA).
  • the setting step of 1% reduced to a value of the holding current equal to 80 mA, sets the accuracy level of adjustment of said holding current to ⁇ 1.25% of the fixed initial value.
  • the first variable voltage step 54 provides a first intermediate current value equal to 0.4A, ie 20% of 2A.
  • the second voltage step 55 sets the holding current at a second initial value equal to 20 mA (in the case of a worn contactor).
  • a variation of the holding current of plus or minus 1% corresponds to a holding current variation of plus or minus 1mA.
  • the holding current can take in particular the following values 19mA (20 mA - 1 mA) or 21 mA (20mA +1 mA).
  • the setting step of 1% reduced to the value of a holding current equal to 20 mA sets the accuracy level of adjustment of said holding current to ⁇ 5% of the initial value fixed.
  • the first voltage step-down 56 is intended to generate a variable intermediate voltage u.
  • This first voltage step-down 56 is composed of a switch T1 and smoothing means 58 of the intermediate voltage u.
  • the second voltage step-down 57 is intended to generate a holding voltage% u variable proportional to the intermediate voltage u variable.
  • the first downcomer comprises means for modulating the call voltage U according to PWM type pulse width modulation.
  • the second voltage step-down comprises means for modulating the variable intermediate voltage according to PWM-type pulse width modulation. Associating two variable functions in series provides additional flexibility and control accuracy.
  • control means 2 comprise a control unit (control unit) controlling the first and second switches T1 and T2 so that they are always in the conductive position.
  • the inrush current in the control coil 3 is then maximal.
  • the call phase lasts about 50 ms.
  • control unit applies a different PWM pulse modulation to each of the switches T1 and T2.
  • the maintenance phase begins after the call phase.
  • the first voltage step-down 56 is controlled by the control unit.
  • the voltage applied by the switch T1 from the fixed bus (Direct Current Bus) at the input of the smoothing means is of the PWM type.
  • the smoothing means 58 transforms it into a continuous equivalent voltage.
  • This continuous equivalent voltage is then modulated by the second voltage step by the application of a PWM command on the switch T2. This modulated voltage makes it possible to vary the value average of the current in the control coil 3.
  • the first voltage step set a first intermediate current value equal to 100mA, ie 5% of 2A.
  • the second voltage buckener sets the holding current to a first initial value of 80mA (80%).
  • a variation of the holding current of plus or minus 1% corresponds to a variation of plus or minus 1 mA.
  • the holding current can take in particular the following values 79mA (80mA - 1 mA) or 81 (80mA +1 mA).
  • the setting step of 1% reduced to a value of the holding current equal to 80 mA sets the accuracy level of adjustment of said holding current to ⁇ 1.25% of the fixed initial value.
  • the holding current can be set to a second initial value equal to 20 mA (in the case of a worn contactor).
  • the first voltage step sets a first intermediate current value equal to 40mA (2% of 2A) and the second voltage step-down secures a second initial holding current value equal to 20mA (50%).
  • a variation of the holding current of plus or minus 1% corresponds to a variation of plus or minus 0.4mA.
  • the holding current can take in particular the following values 19.6mA (20 mA - 0.4mA) or 20.4mA (20mA + 0.4mA).
  • the setting step of 1% reduced to the value of a holding current equal to 20 mA sets the precision level of adjustment of said holding current to ⁇ 2% of the initial value fixed.
  • the pole springs 5 will be more or less compressed and the force provided by the actuator 1 will be more or less important. Indeed, the less the contacts 20, 21 are worn, the more pole springs 5 are compressed and therefore the force provided by the actuator 1 to compress these springs must be important. Therefore, it is possible to correlate the level of wear of the contacts with the force provided by the actuator for compress the pole springs 5.
  • the figure 2 schematically shows the force profile provided by the actuator 1 during the total opening / closing stroke Ct performed by the movable armature 11 relative to the fixed yoke 10.
  • the portion A of the profile of the figure 2 shows the force provided by the actuator 1 to go against the pole springs 5 and thus to crush the movable contacts 21 against the fixed contacts 20.
  • the maximum force provided by the actuator 1 will be different and will be even weaker as the contacts are worn.
  • Curve C represents the force profile provided by the actuator when the contacts are worn.
  • control current which is injected into the control coil 3 when the mobile armature 11 separates from the fixed yoke 10 is therefore representative of the minimum force provided by the actuator 1 to maintain the armature mobile 11 in the closed position and fight against the pole springs 5.
  • the control current measured at this time can be treated to detect the wear of the contacts or to optimize the operation of the device.
  • the control means 2 comprise means 7 for measuring the control current i1 in the control coil 3. As described in the patent application of the applicant entitled “Switched electrical device with optimized operation", the control means 2 comprise means for determining a level of wear of the fixed contacts. and movable from the control current i1 during the separation of the moving armature 11 with respect to the fixed yoke 10.
  • the current i1 which is measured by the measuring means 7 can for example be compared by the control means 2 to different predetermined thresholds recorded in the device to deduce a level of wear of the contacts or compared to the current measured during the previous operation to follow its evolution. It is also possible to convert the measured current i1 into a percentage of wear and to compare this percentage with different thresholds. Other modes of treatment can of course be considered.
  • the control means 2 can also determine an optimal control current of maintenance to apply to the actuator 1.
  • the holding current applied to the actuator 1 is chosen sufficiently large that the movable armature 11 can remain in the closed position regardless of the number of optional additives added to the device , the intensity of the shocks or vibrations experienced by the device or the wear of the device. This current is therefore often chosen more important than necessary to take into account these different situations.
  • the current measured i1 during the separation of the moving armature 11 relative to the fixed yoke 10 can therefore be processed to readjust the holding current and determine an optimum holding current that is adapted to the environment and the configuration of the the device.
  • the current measured during the separation of the mobile armature 11 is for example increased by a determined percentage to ensure that it is sufficient for the maintenance of the armature 11 in the closed position in its environment and in its configuration. Determination of the optimal holding current may be performed at regular intervals to take into account possible additions of additives or environmental change. This functionality can be provided alone in the electrical apparatus or implemented in addition to the wear detection of the contacts. In particular, it makes it possible to optimize the energy consumption of the apparatus by injecting a control current just necessary for maintaining the mobile armature 11 in the closed position.
  • the regulation means 50 are able to precisely control a holding voltage% u supplied to the control coil 3.
  • the actuator according to the embodiments of the invention is particularly effective in terms of reducing electromagnetic disturbances of the EMC type.
  • control means adapted to modulate the voltage applied to the control coil 3 according to PWM type pulse width modulation tends to generate EMC type disturbances.
  • the control coil 3 undergoes very strong variations of the electric current for very short times (di / dt) and acts as a radio transmitter.
  • the PWM type modulation setting is necessarily low in order to generate a low current in the control coil 3.
  • di dt 340
  • the call voltage U is reduced by the first voltage step-down.
  • the call voltage equal to 340 V is reduced to 12V.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Linear Motors (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement (100), das
    - einen Magnetkreis (1) mit einem Magnetjoch 10, welches mit einem durch Ansteuerung zwischen einer Offenstellung und einer Schließstellung verschiebbaren beweglichen Anker 11 zusammenwirkt,
    - mindestens eine Steuerspule (3) die dazu dient, einen magnetischen Fluss zu erzeugen, um den beweglichen Anker (11) relativ zum Magnetjoch (10) zu bewegen oder auf diesem halten.
    - sowie Steuermittel (2) umfasst, die dazu dienen, die Steuerspule (3)
    - um Verlauf einer Schließhandlung des Antriebselements mit einer Einschaltspannung (U) und
    - um Verlauf einer Haltehandlung in der Schließstellung des Antriebselements mit einer Haltespannung (%u) zu beaufschlagen,
    welches Antriebselement dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Steuermittel (2) Mittel zur Einstellung der Haltespannung (%u) mit
    - einem ersten Spannungsreduzierer (51, 54, 56) zur Absenkung der Einschaltspannung (U) und Bereitstellung einer Zwischenspannung (u), die kleiner als die Einschaltspannung (U) und proportional zu dieser ist,
    - und einem zweiten Spannungsreduzierer (52, 55, 57) zur Absenkung der Zwischenspannung (u) und Bereitstellung einer Haltespannung (%u) umfassen, die kleiner als die Zwischenspannung (u) und proportional zu dieser ist.
  2. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - der erste Spannungsreduzierer (51) dazu dient, eine feste Zwischenspannung (u) zu erzeugen,
    - der zweite Spannungsreduzierer (52) dazu dient, eine variable Haltespannung (%u) zu erzeugen, die proportional zur festen Zwischenspannung (u) ist.
  3. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Spannungsreduzierer (52) eine Einrichtung zur Modulation der festen Zwischenspannung (u) durch Pulsbreitenmodulation (PWM) umfasst.
  4. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - der erste Spannungsreduzierer (54) dazu dient, eine variable Zwischenspannung (u) zu erzeugen,
    - der zweite Spannungsreduzierer (55) dazu dient, eine feste Haltespannung (%u) zu erzeugen, die proportional zur genannten variablen Zwischenspannung ist.
  5. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Spannungsreduzierer (54) eine Einrichtung zur Modulation der Einschaltspannung (U) durch Pulsbreitenmodulation (PWM) umfasst.
  6. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - der erste Spannungsreduzierer (56) dazu dient, eine variable Zwischenspannung (u) zu erzeugen,
    - der zweite Spannungsreduzierer (57) dazu dient, eine variable Haltespannung (%u) zu erzeugen, die proportional zur genannten variablen Zwischenspannung ist.
  7. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Spannungsreduzierer (56) eine Einrichtung zur Modulation der Einschaltspannung (U) durch Pulsbreitenmodulation (PWM) und der zweite Spannungsreduzierer (57) eine Einrichtung zur Modulation der variablen Zwischenspannung (u) durch Pulsbreitenmodulation (PWM) umfasst.
  8. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuermittel (2) Messmittel (7) zur Messung des Steuerstroms (i1) in der Steuerspule (3) sowie Mittel zur Bestimmung des Abnutzungsgrades der feststehenden und beweglichen Kontakte in Abhängigkeit vom Steuerstrom (i1) im Moment des Abhebens des beweglichen Ankers (11) vom feststehenden Magnetjoch (10) umfassen.
  9. Elektromagnetisches Antriebselement nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuermittel (2) Mittel zur Bestimmung eines zum Halten des beweglichen Ankers (11) in der Schließstellung optimalen Steuerstroms in Abhängigkeit vom Abnutzungsgrad der Kontakte umfassen, wobei die Einstellmittel (50) eine an die Steuerspule (3) gelieferte Haltespannung (%u) steuern.
  10. Elektrisches Schaltgerät vom Typ Schütz mit einem elektromagnetischen Antriebselement (100) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ein bewegliches Schaltstück umfasst, das zwischen einer Ausschaltstellung und einer Einschaltstellung verschoben werden kann, welches Schaltstück mindestens einen beweglichen Kontakt (21) trägt, der zur Steuerung eines Stromkreises relativ zu einem feststehenden Kontakt (20) bewegt werden kann.
EP10354055A 2009-11-06 2010-09-30 Elektromagnetischer Aktuator und ein den Aktuator umfassender elektrischer Schalter Not-in-force EP2320438B1 (de)

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PL10354055T PL2320438T3 (pl) 2009-11-06 2010-09-30 Elektromagnetyczny element napędowy oraz stycznik zawierający taki element napędowy

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FR0905335A FR2952469A1 (fr) 2009-11-06 2009-11-06 Actionneur electromagnetique et contacteur electrique comportant un tel actionneur.

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EP2320438B1 true EP2320438B1 (de) 2012-05-23

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FR2983629B1 (fr) * 2011-12-02 2013-11-22 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Procede d'evaluation de la temperature d'un contacteur electromagnetique et contacteur pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede
DE102012218988A1 (de) * 2012-10-18 2014-04-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ansteuerschaltung für mindestens ein Schütz und ein Verfahren zum Betrieb mindestens eines Schützes
US9786457B2 (en) 2015-01-14 2017-10-10 General Electric Company Systems and methods for freewheel contactor circuits

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US3660730A (en) * 1970-12-16 1972-05-02 Design Elements Inc Solenoid drive circuit
FR2568715B1 (fr) * 1984-08-03 1986-09-05 Telemecanique Electrique Dispositif de commande d'une bobine d'electroaimant et appareil electrique de commutation equipe d'un tel dispositif
CN2052932U (zh) * 1989-09-05 1990-02-14 张凡 磁保持式牵引电磁铁及其控制电路
US5422780A (en) * 1992-12-22 1995-06-06 The Lee Company Solenoid drive circuit
DE19719602A1 (de) * 1997-05-09 1998-11-12 Fahrzeugklimaregelung Gmbh Elektronische Steuerschaltung
FR2786914B1 (fr) * 1998-12-07 2001-01-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Dispositif de commande d'un electro-aimant, avec un circuit d'alimentation alimente par le courant de maintien de l'electro-aimant
FR2919421B1 (fr) * 2007-07-23 2018-02-16 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Actionneur electromagnetique a au moins deux bobinages
CN101546644A (zh) * 2008-03-26 2009-09-30 杨泰和 电激磁负载全压启动降压保持驱动电路

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FR2952469A1 (fr) 2011-05-13
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CN102054627B (zh) 2015-02-11
PL2320438T3 (pl) 2012-10-31
ES2384782T3 (es) 2012-07-12

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