EP2313896A2 - Metallic composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve - Google Patents

Metallic composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve

Info

Publication number
EP2313896A2
EP2313896A2 EP09780754A EP09780754A EP2313896A2 EP 2313896 A2 EP2313896 A2 EP 2313896A2 EP 09780754 A EP09780754 A EP 09780754A EP 09780754 A EP09780754 A EP 09780754A EP 2313896 A2 EP2313896 A2 EP 2313896A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite component
magnetic
saturation polarization
valve
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09780754A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2313896B1 (en
Inventor
Takuya Mizobe
Stefan Oetinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2313896A2 publication Critical patent/EP2313896A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2313896B1 publication Critical patent/EP2313896B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/085—Yoke or polar piece between coil bobbin and armature having a gap, e.g. filled with nonmagnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a metal composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • This inner valve tube is formed from an inlet port forming an inner pole, a non-magnetic intermediate part and a valve seat carrier receiving a valve seat and explained in more detail in the description of FIG.
  • a valve housing made in this way can e.g. used in solenoid valves for anti-lock braking systems (ABS) of motor vehicles.
  • DE 42 37 405 C2 discloses methods for producing a solid core for injection valves for internal combustion engines (FIG. 5 of the document).
  • the Methods are characterized by providing, directly or through prior conversion processes, a one-piece sleeve-shaped magnetic martensitic workpiece which undergoes a local heat treatment in a central portion of the magnetic martensitic workpiece to convert that middle portion into a non-magnetic, austenitic center portion.
  • molten austenite-forming elements are added to the site of the heat treatment to form a nonmagnetic austenitic central portion of the solid core.
  • the metallic composite component according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner, a magnetic separation on a one-piece, sleeve-shaped composite component is realized, which can be reliably produced mass-production technology.
  • the composite component is characterized in that there are at least two adjacent sections of different magnetization, wherein the magnetic choke formed in the composite component by the second section with reduced saturation polarization J s compared to the first sections is advantageously non-magnetic, but partially magnetic in the order of magnitude ideally allows the use of such a composite component in an electromagnetic valve.
  • a semi-austenitic stainless steel such as 17-7PH or 15-8PH is used as the starting material for the composite component.
  • the material is magnetized.
  • a local heat treatment by laser beam, induction heating or Electron radiation or the like made, which leads to the fact that after cooling, the second section is formed with reduced saturation polarization.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection valve according to the prior art with a three-part inner metal valve tube as a housing
  • Figure 2 shows a first composite component according to the invention consisting of three sections
  • Figure 3 shows a second composite component according to the invention consisting of three sections
  • Figure 4 is a schematic section of an injection valve with a composite component according to the invention to illustrate a possible use.
  • the electromagnetically operable valve in the form of an injector for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines has a tubular core 2 surrounded by a magnetic coil 1 serving as a fuel inlet nozzle and inner pole, which has a constant outer diameter over its entire length, for example.
  • a coil body 3 stepped in the radial direction accommodates a winding of the magnet coil 1 and, in conjunction with the core 2, enables a compact construction of the injection valve in the region of the magnet coil 1.
  • a lower core end 9 of the core 2 is concentric with a valve longitudinal axis 10 tightly connected to a tubular metal non-magnetic intermediate part 12 by welding and surrounds the core end 9 partially axially.
  • a tubular valve seat support 16 Downstream of the bobbin 3 and the intermediate part 12 extends a tubular valve seat support 16 which is fixedly connected to the intermediate part 12.
  • an axially movable valve needle 18 is arranged in the valve seat carrier 16.
  • At the downstream end 23 of the valve needle 18 is a - A -
  • spherical valve closing body 24 is provided, on the circumference, for example, five flats 25 are provided for flowing past the fuel.
  • the actuation of the injection valve takes place in a known manner electromagnetically.
  • the electromagnetic circuit with the solenoid coil 1, the core 2 and an armature 27.
  • the tubular armature 27 is facing away with a valve closing body 24 End of the valve needle 18 firmly connected by, for example, a weld and aligned with the core 2.
  • the core 2 opposite end of the
  • Valve seat support 16 is a cylindrical valve seat body 29 having a fixed valve seat 30, mounted by welding tight.
  • the spherical valve closing body 24 of the valve needle 18 cooperates with the valve seat 30 of the valve seat body 29, which tapers frustoconically in the flow direction.
  • At its lower end face of the valve seat body 29 with an example cup-shaped spray orifice plate 34 is solid and tight by a z. B. connected by means of a laser weld.
  • In the spray perforated disk 34 at least one, for example, four ejection openings 39 formed by eroding or punching are provided.
  • the magnetic coil 1 of at least one, for example, designed as a bracket and serving as a ferromagnetic element guide element Surrounded surrounding the solenoid coil 1 in the circumferential direction at least partially and with its one end to the core 2 and its other end rests against the valve seat carrier 16 and with these z. B. is connected by welding, soldering or gluing.
  • valve tube as a backbone and thus also housings of the fuel injection valve form the core 2, the nonmagnetic intermediate part 12 and the valve seat carrier 16, which are firmly connected to each other and extend over the entire length of the fuel injection valve. All other functional groups of the valve are arranged inside or around the valve tube.
  • the valve tube is the classic three-part construction of a housing for an electromagnetically actuated unit, such as a valve, with two ferromagnetic or magnetizable housing areas, the effective Line of the magnetic circuit lines in the region of the armature 27 are magnetically separated from each other by means of a non-magnetic intermediate part 12 or at least connected to each other via a magnetic throttle point.
  • the injection valve is largely surrounded by a plastic extrusion coating 51, which extends from the core 2 in the axial direction via the magnetic coil 1 and the at least one guide element 45 to the valve seat carrier 16, wherein the at least one guide element 45 is completely covered axially and in the circumferential direction.
  • a mitangespritzter electrical connector 52 belongs to this plastic extrusion 51.
  • FIG. 2 shows a composite component 60 according to the invention consisting of three sections 61, 62, 61. It is essential in this composite component 60, however, that at least one section 61 which is readily magnetizable is provided, to which a second section 62 with partially reduced saturation polarization J s is directly integrally formed followed.
  • the at least one section 62 with reduced saturation polarization J s has a minimum saturation polarization J s of 0.1 T to 1.3 T and / or a maximum relative permeability ⁇ r of 2 to 150.
  • a semi-austenitic stainless steel e.g., 17-7PH, 15-8PH
  • a single or multiple heat treatment optionally with a deep-freeze or by the shaping of e.g. in a sleeve shape, possibly with a freezing, the material is made magnetic.
  • a local heat treatment by laser beam, induction heating or electron radiation o.a. made, which leads to the fact that after cooling of the semi-magnetic portion 62 is formed.
  • the material in the magnetic section 61 or in both magnetic sections 61 is characterized in that it has a saturation polarization J s of 0.8 T to 1.5 T with a retained austenite content of 0 to 50%.
  • the material in section 62 takes with partially reduced saturation polarization J s J s a saturation of at least 0.1 T at a content of ferrite or martensite of> 0.
  • the composite component 60 ' is slightly modified. It is essential with this composite component 60 'that at least one section 61' with partially reduced saturation polarization J s is provided, directly integrally connected to a second section 62 'with even more reduced saturation polarization J s .
  • the second section 62 'with even more reduced saturation polarization J s has a
  • a semi-austenitic stainless steel (e.g., 17-7PH, 15-8PH) is also used here.
  • the material is made magnetic.
  • the material in the two sections 61 'with partially reduced saturation polarization J s is characterized in that it has a saturation polarization J s of 0.8 T to 1.5 T with a retained austenite content of> 0.
  • the material in the section 62 'with even more reduced saturation polarization J s assumes a saturation J s of at least 0.1 T with a ferrite or martensite content of> 0.
  • the magnetic throttle formed in the composite component 60, 60 'by the sections 62, 62' with a reduced saturation polarization J s compared with the sections 61, 61 ' is advantageously not nonmagnetic in this respect, but partially magnetic in one
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic section of a fuel injection valve with a composite component according to the invention 60, 60 ', which is installed as a thin-walled sleeve in the valve and thereby surrounds the core 2 and the armature 27 radially and circumferentially and is itself surrounded by the magnetic coil 1.
  • the middle section 62 of the composite component 60 lies in the axial extension region of a working air gap 70 between the core 2 and the armature 27 in order to guide the magnetic circuit lines optimally and effectively in the magnetic circuit.
  • the outer magnetic circuit component is, for example, as Magnet cup 46 executed, wherein the magnetic circuit between the magnetic pot 46 and the housing 66 is closed by a cover member 47.
  • the metallic composite component 60 can be used not only as a valve sleeve in an electromagnetic valve, but also, for example, as a core 2.
  • the invention is by no means limited to use in fuel injection valves or solenoid valves for anti-lock braking systems, but relates to all electromagnetically actuated valves of different application areas and generally all solid housing in units in which zones of different magnetism are sequentially required.
  • the composite component 60, 60 'according to the invention can be produced not only with three successive sections, but also with more than three sections.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)

Abstract

A composite component includes at least two sections having different magnetization, the at least two sections in the integrally formed component lying directly next to each other. The base material of the composite component is a semi-austenitic steel. A first section has a higher saturation polarization JS than an adjacent second section, the second section having a minimum saturation polarization JS of 0.1 T to 1.3 T and/or a maximum relative permeability μr of 2 to 150. The composite component is suitable for use in electromagnetic valves, e.g., in fuel injectors of internal combustion engines.

Description

Beschreibung description
Titeltitle
Metallisches Verbundbauteil, insbesondere für ein elektromagnetisches VentilMetallic composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einem metallischen Verbundbauteil, insbesondere für ein elektromagnetisches Ventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.The invention is based on a metal composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
In der Figur 1 ist ein bekanntes Brennstoffeinspritzventil aus dem Stand der Technik dargestellt, das einen klassischen dreiteiligen Aufbau eines inneren metallenenIn the figure 1 a known fuel injection valve of the prior art is shown, which has a classic three-part construction of an inner metal
Strömungsführungsteils und zugleich Gehäusebauteils besitzt. Dieses innere Ventilrohr wird aus einem einen Innenpol bildenden Einlassstutzen, einem nichtmagnetischen Zwischenteil und einem einen Ventilsitz aufnehmenden Ventilsitzträger gebildet und in der Beschreibung zu Figur 1 näher erläutert.Flow guide part and at the same time has housing component. This inner valve tube is formed from an inlet port forming an inner pole, a non-magnetic intermediate part and a valve seat carrier receiving a valve seat and explained in more detail in the description of FIG.
Aus der DE 35 02 287 Al ist bereits ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hohlzylindrischen metallenen Gehäuses mit zwei magnetisierbaren Gehäuseteilen und einer dazwischen liegenden, die Gehäuseteile magnetisch trennenden, amagnetischen Gehäusezone bekannt. Dieses metallene Gehäuse wird dabei aus einem magnetisierbaren Rohling einstückig bis auf ein Übermaß im Außendurchmesser vorbearbeitet, wobei in derFrom DE 35 02 287 Al is already a method for producing a hollow cylindrical metal housing with two magnetizable housing parts and an intermediate, the housing parts magnetically separating, non-magnetic housing zone known. This metal housing is in this case prefabricated from a magnetizable blank in one piece to an oversize in the outer diameter, wherein in the
Innenwand des Gehäuses in der Breite der gewünschten mittleren Gehäusezone eine Ringnut eingestochen wird. Bei rotierendem Gehäuse wird ein nichtmagnetisierbares Füllmaterial in die Ringnut unter Erwärmung des Ringnutbereichs gefüllt und die Rotation des Gehäuses bis zur Erstarrung des Füllmaterials aufrechterhalten. Anschließend wird das Gehäuse außen bis auf das Endmaß des Außendurchmessers überdreht, so dass keine Verbindung mehr zwischen den magnetisierbaren Gehäuseteilen besteht. Ein derart hergestelltes Ventilgehäuse kann z.B. in Magnetventilen für Antiblockiersysteme (ABS) von Kraftfahrzeugen zum Einsatz kommen.Inner wall of the housing in the width of the desired middle housing zone an annular groove is inserted. When the housing is rotating, a non-magnetisable filling material is filled into the annular groove while heating the annular groove area, and the rotation of the housing is maintained until solidification of the filling material. Subsequently, the housing is over-turned outside to the final dimension of the outer diameter, so that there is no longer any connection between the magnetizable housing parts. A valve housing made in this way can e.g. used in solenoid valves for anti-lock braking systems (ABS) of motor vehicles.
Bekannt sind des weiteren aus der DE 42 37 405 C2 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines festen Kerns für Einspritzventile für Brennkraftmaschinen (Figur 5 des Dokuments). Die Verfahren zeichnen sich dadurch aus, dass unmittelbar oder über vorherige Umwandlungsprozesse ein einteiliges hülsenförmiges, magnetisches, martensitisches Werkstück bereitgestellt wird, das eine örtliche Wärmebehandlung in einem mittleren Abschnitt des magnetischen, martensitischen Werkstücks zur Umwandlung dieses mittleren Abschnitts in einen nichtmagnetischen, austenitischen mittleren Abschnitt erfährt. Alternativ werden bei der örtlichen Wärmebehandlung mittels Laser geschmolzenes Austenit bzw. geschmolzenes Ferrit bildende Elemente an den Ort der Wärmebehandlung zur Bildung eines nichtmagnetischen, austenitischen mittleren Abschnitts des festen Kerns hinzugefügt.Furthermore, DE 42 37 405 C2 discloses methods for producing a solid core for injection valves for internal combustion engines (FIG. 5 of the document). The Methods are characterized by providing, directly or through prior conversion processes, a one-piece sleeve-shaped magnetic martensitic workpiece which undergoes a local heat treatment in a central portion of the magnetic martensitic workpiece to convert that middle portion into a non-magnetic, austenitic center portion. Alternatively, in the local heat treatment by laser, molten austenite-forming elements are added to the site of the heat treatment to form a nonmagnetic austenitic central portion of the solid core.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße metallische Verbundbauteil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat den Vorteil, dass auf besonders einfache und kostengünstige Art und Weise eine magnetische Trennung an einem einstückigen, z.B. hülsenförmigen Verbundbauteil realisiert ist, das großserientechnisch zuverlässig herstellbar ist. Das Verbundbauteil zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass wenigstens zwei benachbarte Abschnitte unterschiedlicher Magnetisierung vorliegen, wobei die durch den zweiten Abschnitt mit gegenüber den ersten Abschnitten reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js gebildete magnetische Drossel im Verbundbauteil in vorteilhafter Weise nicht unmagnetisch, sondern teilmagnetisch in einer Größenordnung ist, die ideal den Einsatz eines solchen Verbundbauteils in einem elektromagnetischen Ventil erlaubt.The metallic composite component according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner, a magnetic separation on a one-piece, sleeve-shaped composite component is realized, which can be reliably produced mass-production technology. The composite component is characterized in that there are at least two adjacent sections of different magnetization, wherein the magnetic choke formed in the composite component by the second section with reduced saturation polarization J s compared to the first sections is advantageously non-magnetic, but partially magnetic in the order of magnitude ideally allows the use of such a composite component in an electromagnetic valve.
Von Vorteil ist es zudem, dass eine hohe Flexibilität in der Ausgestaltung der Geometrie des Verbundbauteils selbst, wie z.B. bei Länge, Außendurchmesser, Abstufungen ermöglicht ist.It is also advantageous that a high flexibility in the design of the geometry of the composite component itself, such as. in length, outside diameter, gradations is possible.
Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen metallischen Verbundbauteils möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the main claim metal composite component are possible.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn als Ausgangsmaterial für das Verbundbauteil ein semi- austenitischer nichtrostender Stahl wie 17-7PH oder 15-8PH verwendet wird. Durch eine einfache oder mehrfache Wärmebehandlung und mit einer Tiefkühlung während oder nach der Formgebung wird das Material magnetisch gemacht. In einem Teilbereich wird danach eine lokale Wärmebehandlung mittels Laserstrahl, Induktionserwärmung oder Elektronenstrahlung o.a. vorgenommen, die dazu führt, dass nach der Abkühlung der zweite Abschnitt mit reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation entsteht.It is particularly advantageous if a semi-austenitic stainless steel such as 17-7PH or 15-8PH is used as the starting material for the composite component. By a single or multiple heat treatment and with a deep-freeze during or after shaping, the material is magnetized. In a subarea then a local heat treatment by laser beam, induction heating or Electron radiation or the like made, which leads to the fact that after cooling, the second section is formed with reduced saturation polarization.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil gemäß dem Stand der Technik mit einem dreiteiligen inneren metallenen Ventilrohr als Gehäuse, Figur 2 ein erstes erfindungsgemäßes Verbundbauteil bestehend aus drei Abschnitten, Figur 3 ein zweites erfindungsgemäßes Verbundbauteil bestehend aus drei Abschnitten und Figur 4 einen schematischen Ausschnitt aus einem Einspritzventil mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbauteil zur Verdeutlichung einer Einsatzmöglichkeit.Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a fuel injection valve according to the prior art with a three-part inner metal valve tube as a housing, Figure 2 shows a first composite component according to the invention consisting of three sections, Figure 3 shows a second composite component according to the invention consisting of three sections and Figure 4 is a schematic section of an injection valve with a composite component according to the invention to illustrate a possible use.
Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments
Bevor anhand der Figuren 2 und 3 die Charakteristik des erfindungsgemäßen metallischen Verbundbauteils 60, 60' beschrieben wird, soll anhand von Figur 1 ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil des Standes der Technik als ein mögliches Einsatzprodukt für ein solches Verbundbauteil 60, 60' näher erläutert werden.Before the characteristic of the metallic composite component 60, 60 'according to the invention is described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, a fuel injection valve of the prior art will be explained in greater detail with reference to FIG. 1 as a possible input product for such a composite component 60, 60'.
Das in der Figur 1 beispielsweise dargestellte elektromagnetisch betätigbare Ventil in der Form eines Einspritzventils für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden, fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen hat einen von einer Magnetspule 1 umgebenen, als Brennstoffeinlassstutzen und Innenpol dienenden rohrförmigen Kern 2, der beispielsweise über seine gesamte Länge einen konstanten Außendurchmesser aufweist. Ein in radialer Richtung gestufter Spulenkörper 3 nimmt eine Bewicklung der Magnetspule 1 auf und ermöglicht in Verbindung mit dem Kern 2 einen kompakten Aufbau des Einspritzventils im Bereich der Magnetspule 1.The electromagnetically operable valve in the form of an injector for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines, for example, has a tubular core 2 surrounded by a magnetic coil 1 serving as a fuel inlet nozzle and inner pole, which has a constant outer diameter over its entire length, for example. A coil body 3 stepped in the radial direction accommodates a winding of the magnet coil 1 and, in conjunction with the core 2, enables a compact construction of the injection valve in the region of the magnet coil 1.
Mit einem unteren Kernende 9 des Kerns 2 ist konzentrisch zu einer Ventillängsachse 10 dicht ein rohrförmiges metallenes nichtmagnetisches Zwischenteil 12 durch Schweißen verbunden und umgibt das Kernende 9 teilweise axial. Stromabwärts des Spulenkörpers 3 und des Zwischenteils 12 erstreckt sich ein rohrförmiger Ventilsitzträger 16, der fest mit dem Zwischenteil 12 verbunden ist. In dem Ventilsitzträger 16 ist eine axial bewegbare Ventilnadel 18 angeordnet. Am stromabwärtigen Ende 23 der Ventilnadel 18 ist ein - A -With a lower core end 9 of the core 2 is concentric with a valve longitudinal axis 10 tightly connected to a tubular metal non-magnetic intermediate part 12 by welding and surrounds the core end 9 partially axially. Downstream of the bobbin 3 and the intermediate part 12 extends a tubular valve seat support 16 which is fixedly connected to the intermediate part 12. In the valve seat carrier 16, an axially movable valve needle 18 is arranged. At the downstream end 23 of the valve needle 18 is a - A -
kugelförmiger Ventilschließkörper 24 vorgesehen, an dessen Umfang beispielsweise fünf Abflachungen 25 zum Vorbeiströmen des Brennstoffs vorgesehen sind.spherical valve closing body 24 is provided, on the circumference, for example, five flats 25 are provided for flowing past the fuel.
Die Betätigung des Einspritzventils erfolgt in bekannter Weise elektromagnetisch. Zur axialen Bewegung der Ventilnadel 18 und damit zum Öffnen entgegen der Federkraft einer Rückstellfeder 26 bzw. zum Schließen des Einspritzventils dient der elektromagnetische Kreis mit der Magnetspule 1, dem Kern 2 und einem Anker 27. Der rohrförmige Anker 27 ist mit einem dem Ventilschließkörper 24 abgewandten Ende der Ventilnadel 18 durch beispielsweise eine Schweißnaht fest verbunden und auf den Kern 2 ausgerichtet. In das stromabwärts liegende, dem Kern 2 abgewandte Ende desThe actuation of the injection valve takes place in a known manner electromagnetically. For axial movement of the valve needle 18 and thus to open against the spring force of a return spring 26 and to close the injector, the electromagnetic circuit with the solenoid coil 1, the core 2 and an armature 27. The tubular armature 27 is facing away with a valve closing body 24 End of the valve needle 18 firmly connected by, for example, a weld and aligned with the core 2. In the downstream, the core 2 opposite end of the
Ventilsitzträgers 16 ist ein zylinderförmiger Ventilsitzkörper 29, der einen festen Ventilsitz 30 aufweist, durch Schweißen dicht montiert.Valve seat support 16 is a cylindrical valve seat body 29 having a fixed valve seat 30, mounted by welding tight.
Der kugelförmige Ventilschließkörper 24 der Ventilnadel 18 wirkt mit dem sich in Strömungsrichtung kegelstumpfförmig verjüngenden Ventilsitz 30 des Ventilsitzkörpers 29 zusammen. An seiner unteren Stirnseite ist der Ventilsitzkörper 29 mit einer beispielsweise topfförmig ausgebildeten Spritzlochscheibe 34 fest und dicht durch eine z. B. mittels eines Lasers ausgebildete Schweißnaht verbunden. In der Spritzlochscheibe 34 sind wenigstens eine, beispielsweise vier durch Erodieren oder Stanzen ausgeformte Abspritzöffnungen 39 vorgesehen.The spherical valve closing body 24 of the valve needle 18 cooperates with the valve seat 30 of the valve seat body 29, which tapers frustoconically in the flow direction. At its lower end face of the valve seat body 29 with an example cup-shaped spray orifice plate 34 is solid and tight by a z. B. connected by means of a laser weld. In the spray perforated disk 34 at least one, for example, four ejection openings 39 formed by eroding or punching are provided.
Um den Magnetfluss zur optimalen Betätigung des Ankers 27 bei Bestromung der Magnetspule 1 und damit zum sicheren und genauen Öffnen und Schließen des Ventils zu dem Anker 27 zu leiten, ist die Magnetspule 1 von wenigstens einem, beispielsweise als Bügel ausgebildeten und als ferromagnetisches Element dienenden Leitelement 45 umgeben, das die Magnetspule 1 in Umfangsrichtung wenigstens teilweise umgibt sowie mit seinem einen Ende an dem Kern 2 und seinem anderen Ende an dem Ventilsitzträger 16 anliegt und mit diesen z. B. durch Schweißen, Löten bzw. Kleben verbindbar ist. Ein inneres metallenes Ventilrohr als Grundgerüst und damit auch Gehäuse des Brennstoffeinspritzventils bilden der Kern 2, das nichtmagnetische Zwischenteil 12 und der Ventilsitzträger 16, die fest miteinander verbunden sind und sich insgesamt über die gesamte Länge des Brennstoffeinspritzventils erstrecken. Alle weiteren Funktionsgruppen des Ventils sind innerhalb oder um das Ventilrohr herum angeordnet. Bei dieser Anordnung des Ventilrohrs handelt es sich um den klassischen dreiteiligen Aufbau eines Gehäuses für ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Aggregat, wie ein Ventil, mit zwei ferromagnetischen bzw. magnetisierbaren Gehäusebereichen, die zur wirkungsvollen Leitung der Magnetkreislinien im Bereich des Ankers 27 mittels eines nichtmagnetischen Zwischenteils 12 magnetisch voneinander getrennt oder zumindest über eine magnetische Drosselstelle miteinander verbunden sind.In order to guide the magnetic flux for optimum actuation of the armature 27 when energizing the solenoid coil 1 and thus for safe and accurate opening and closing of the valve to the armature 27, the magnetic coil 1 of at least one, for example, designed as a bracket and serving as a ferromagnetic element guide element Surrounded surrounding the solenoid coil 1 in the circumferential direction at least partially and with its one end to the core 2 and its other end rests against the valve seat carrier 16 and with these z. B. is connected by welding, soldering or gluing. An inner metal valve tube as a backbone and thus also housings of the fuel injection valve form the core 2, the nonmagnetic intermediate part 12 and the valve seat carrier 16, which are firmly connected to each other and extend over the entire length of the fuel injection valve. All other functional groups of the valve are arranged inside or around the valve tube. In this arrangement, the valve tube is the classic three-part construction of a housing for an electromagnetically actuated unit, such as a valve, with two ferromagnetic or magnetizable housing areas, the effective Line of the magnetic circuit lines in the region of the armature 27 are magnetically separated from each other by means of a non-magnetic intermediate part 12 or at least connected to each other via a magnetic throttle point.
Das Einspritzventil ist weitgehend mit einer Kunststoffumspritzung 51 umschlossen, die sich vom Kern 2 ausgehend in axialer Richtung über die Magnetspule 1 und das wenigstens eine Leitelement 45 bis zum Ventilsitzträger 16 erstreckt, wobei das wenigstens eine Leitelement 45 vollständig axial und in Umfangsrichtung überdeckt ist. Zu dieser Kunststoffumspritzung 51 gehört beispielsweise ein mitangespritzter elektrischer Anschlussstecker 52.The injection valve is largely surrounded by a plastic extrusion coating 51, which extends from the core 2 in the axial direction via the magnetic coil 1 and the at least one guide element 45 to the valve seat carrier 16, wherein the at least one guide element 45 is completely covered axially and in the circumferential direction. For example, a mitangespritzter electrical connector 52 belongs to this plastic extrusion 51.
Figur 2 zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Verbundbauteil 60 bestehend aus drei Abschnitten 61, 62, 61. Wesentlich bei diesem Verbundbauteil 60 ist jedoch, dass mindestens ein gut magnetisierbarer Abschnitt 61 vorgesehen ist, an den sich unmittelbar einstückig ein zweiter Abschnitt 62 mit teilweise reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js anschließt. Der zumindest eine Abschnitt 62 mit reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js besitzt dabei eine minimale Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,1 T bis 1,3 T und/oder eine maximale relative Permeabilität μr von 2 bis 150.FIG. 2 shows a composite component 60 according to the invention consisting of three sections 61, 62, 61. It is essential in this composite component 60, however, that at least one section 61 which is readily magnetizable is provided, to which a second section 62 with partially reduced saturation polarization J s is directly integrally formed followed. The at least one section 62 with reduced saturation polarization J s has a minimum saturation polarization J s of 0.1 T to 1.3 T and / or a maximum relative permeability μ r of 2 to 150.
Als Ausgangsmaterial für das Verbundbauteil 60 wird ein semi-austenitischer nichtrostender Stahl (z.B. 17-7PH, 15-8PH) verwendet. Durch eine einfache oder mehrfache Wärmebehandlung ggf. mit einer Tiefkühlung oder durch die Formgebung z.B. in eine Hülsenform ggf. mit einer Tiefkühlung wird das Material magnetisch gemacht. In einem Teilbereich wird danach eine lokale Wärmebehandlung mittels Laserstrahl, Induktionserwärmung oder Elektronenstrahlung o.a. vorgenommen, die dazu führt, dass nach der Abkühlung der teilmagnetische Abschnitt 62 entsteht.As the starting material for the composite member 60, a semi-austenitic stainless steel (e.g., 17-7PH, 15-8PH) is used. By a single or multiple heat treatment, optionally with a deep-freeze or by the shaping of e.g. in a sleeve shape, possibly with a freezing, the material is made magnetic. In a subarea then a local heat treatment by laser beam, induction heating or electron radiation o.a. made, which leads to the fact that after cooling of the semi-magnetic portion 62 is formed.
Das Material im magnetischen Abschnitt 61 bzw. in beiden magnetischen Abschnitten 61 zeichnet sich dabei dadurch aus, dass es eine Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,8 T bis 1,5 T bei einem Restaustenitgehalt von 0 bis 50% besitzt. Dagegen nimmt das Material im Abschnitt 62 mit teilweise reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js eine Sättigung Js von mindestens 0,1 T bei einem Gehalt an Ferrit oder Martensit von > 0 an.The material in the magnetic section 61 or in both magnetic sections 61 is characterized in that it has a saturation polarization J s of 0.8 T to 1.5 T with a retained austenite content of 0 to 50%. In contrast, the material in section 62 takes with partially reduced saturation polarization J s J s a saturation of at least 0.1 T at a content of ferrite or martensite of> 0.
In einer zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsvariante (Figur 3) liegt das Verbundbauteil 60' leicht modifiziert vor. Wesentlich bei diesem Verbundbauteil 60' ist, dass mindestens ein Abschnitt 61' mit teilweise reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js vorgesehen ist, an den sich unmittelbar einstückig ein zweiter Abschnitt 62' mit noch stärker reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js anschließt. Der zumindest eine Abschnitt 61' mit reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js besitzt dabei eine Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,1 T bis 1,7 T, aber eine magnetische Induktion von B4000 <= 0,3 T (H = 4000 A/m). Der zweite Abschnitt 62' mit noch stärker reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js weist eineIn a second variant of the invention (FIG. 3), the composite component 60 'is slightly modified. It is essential with this composite component 60 'that at least one section 61' with partially reduced saturation polarization J s is provided, directly integrally connected to a second section 62 'with even more reduced saturation polarization J s . The at least one section 61 'with reduced saturation polarization J s has a saturation polarization J s of 0.1 T to 1.7 T, but a magnetic induction of B4000 <= 0.3 T (H = 4000 A / m). The second section 62 'with even more reduced saturation polarization J s has a
Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,1 T bis 1,3 T und/oder eine maximale relative Permeabilität μr von 2 bis 150 auf.Saturation polarization J s of 0.1 T to 1.3 T and / or a maximum relative permeability μ r of 2 to 150 on.
Als Ausgangsmaterial für das Verbundbauteil 60 wird auch hier ein semi-austenitischer nichtrostender Stahl (z.B. 17-7PH, 15-8PH) verwendet. Durch eine einfache oder mehrfache Wärmebehandlung ggf. mit einer Tiefkühlung oder durch die Formgebung z.B. in eine Hülsenform ggf. mit einer Tiefkühlung wird das Material magnetisch gemacht. In einem Teilbereich wird danach eine lokale Wärmebehandlung mittels Laserstrahl, Induktionserwärmung oder Elektronenstrahlung o.a. vorgenommen, die dazu führt, dass nach der Abkühlung der Abschnitt 62' entsteht.As the starting material for the composite member 60, a semi-austenitic stainless steel (e.g., 17-7PH, 15-8PH) is also used here. By a single or multiple heat treatment, optionally with a deep-freeze or by the shaping of e.g. in a sleeve shape, possibly with a freezing, the material is made magnetic. In a subarea then a local heat treatment by laser beam, induction heating or electron radiation o.a. made, which leads to the fact that after cooling the section 62 'is formed.
Das Material in den beiden Abschnitten 61' mit teilweise reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js zeichnet sich dabei dadurch aus, dass es eine Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,8 T bis 1,5 T bei einem Restaustenitgehalt von > 0 besitzt. Dagegen nimmt das Material im Abschnitt 62' mit noch stärker reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js eine Sättigung Js von mindestens 0,1 T bei einem Gehalt an Ferrit oder Martensit von > 0 an.The material in the two sections 61 'with partially reduced saturation polarization J s is characterized in that it has a saturation polarization J s of 0.8 T to 1.5 T with a retained austenite content of> 0. In contrast, in the section 62 'with even more reduced saturation polarization J s , the material assumes a saturation J s of at least 0.1 T with a ferrite or martensite content of> 0.
Die durch die Abschnitte 62, 62' mit gegenüber den Abschnitten 61, 61' reduzierter Sättigungspolarisation Js gebildete magnetische Drossel im Verbundbauteil 60, 60' ist in vorteilhafter Weise insofern nicht unmagnetisch, sondern teilmagnetisch in einerThe magnetic throttle formed in the composite component 60, 60 'by the sections 62, 62' with a reduced saturation polarization J s compared with the sections 61, 61 'is advantageously not nonmagnetic in this respect, but partially magnetic in one
Größenordnung, die ideal den Einsatz eines solchen Verbundbauteils 60, 60' in einem elektromagnetischen Ventil erlaubt.Magnitude that ideally allows the use of such a composite component 60, 60 'in an electromagnetic valve.
Figur 4 zeigt einen schematischen Ausschnitt aus einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Verbundbauteil 60, 60', das als dünnwandige Hülse im Ventil verbaut ist und dabei den Kern 2 und den Anker 27 radial und in Umfangsrichtung umgibt und dabei selbst von der Magnetspule 1 umgeben ist. Es wird deutlich, dass der mittlere Abschnitt 62 des Verbundbauteils 60 im axialen Erstreckungsbereich eines Arbeitsluftspaltes 70 zwischen dem Kern 2 und dem Anker 27 liegt, um die Magnetkreislinien optimal und effektiv im Magnetkreis zu leiten. Anstelle des in Figur 1 gezeigten bügeiförmigen Leitelements 45 ist das äußere Magnetkreisbauteil z.B. als Magnettopf 46 ausgeführt, wobei der magnetische Kreis zwischen dem Magnettopf 46 und dem Gehäuse 66 über ein Deckelelement 47 geschlossen ist. Das metallische Verbundbauteil 60 ist nicht nur als Ventilhülse in einem elektromagnetischen Ventil einsetzbar, sondern z.B. auch als Kern 2.Figure 4 shows a schematic section of a fuel injection valve with a composite component according to the invention 60, 60 ', which is installed as a thin-walled sleeve in the valve and thereby surrounds the core 2 and the armature 27 radially and circumferentially and is itself surrounded by the magnetic coil 1. It can be seen that the middle section 62 of the composite component 60 lies in the axial extension region of a working air gap 70 between the core 2 and the armature 27 in order to guide the magnetic circuit lines optimally and effectively in the magnetic circuit. Instead of the bow-shaped guide element 45 shown in FIG. 1, the outer magnetic circuit component is, for example, as Magnet cup 46 executed, wherein the magnetic circuit between the magnetic pot 46 and the housing 66 is closed by a cover member 47. The metallic composite component 60 can be used not only as a valve sleeve in an electromagnetic valve, but also, for example, as a core 2.
Die Erfindung ist keinesfalls auf den Einsatz in Brennstoffeinspritzventilen oder Magnetventilen für Antiblockiersysteme beschränkt, sondern betrifft alle elektromagnetisch betätigbaren Ventile unterschiedlicher Anwendungsgebiete und allgemein alle festen Gehäuse in Aggregaten, bei denen Zonen unterschiedlichen Magnetismus aufeinanderfolgend erforderlich sind. Das erfindungsgemäße Verbundbauteil 60, 60' ist nicht nur mit drei aufeinander folgenden Abschnitten herstellbar, sondern auch mit mehr als drei Abschnitten. The invention is by no means limited to use in fuel injection valves or solenoid valves for anti-lock braking systems, but relates to all electromagnetically actuated valves of different application areas and generally all solid housing in units in which zones of different magnetism are sequentially required. The composite component 60, 60 'according to the invention can be produced not only with three successive sections, but also with more than three sections.

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verbundbauteil, insbesondere für ein elektromagnetisches Ventil, mit wenigstens zwei Abschnitten (61, 62, 61', 62') unterschiedlicher Magnetisierung, wobei die wenigstens zwei Abschnitte (61, 62, 61', 62') an dem einstückigen Bauteil (60, 60') unmittelbar aufeinanderfolgend liegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ausgangsmaterial des Verbundbauteils (60, 60') ein semi-austenitischer Stahl ist und ein erster Abschnitt (61, 61') eine höhere Sättigungspolarisation Js als ein benachbarter zweiter Abschnitt (62, 62') aufweist, wobei der zweite Abschnitt (62, 62') dabei eine minimale Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,1 T bis 1,3 T und/oder eine maximale relative Permeabilität μr von 2 bis 150 besitzt.Composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve, having at least two sections (61, 62, 61 ', 62') of different magnetization, wherein the at least two sections (61, 62, 61 ', 62') on the one-piece component (60 , 60 ') are in direct succession, characterized in that the starting material of the composite component (60, 60') is a semi-austenitic steel and a first portion (61, 61 ') has a higher saturation polarization J s than an adjacent second portion (62 , 62 '), wherein the second portion (62, 62' s has) where a minimum saturation polarization J of 0.1 T to 1.3 T and / or a maximum relative permeability μ r from 2 to 150.
2. Verbundbauteil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material im zweiten Abschnitt (62, 62') einen Gehalt an Ferrit oder Martensit von > 0 hat.2. Composite component according to claim 1, characterized in that the material in the second section (62, 62 ') has a content of ferrite or martensite of> 0.
3. Verbundbauteil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material im mindestens einen ersten Abschnitt (61) eine Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,8 T bis 1,5 T bei einem Restaustenitgehalt von 0 bis 50% besitzt.3. Composite component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material in the at least one first portion (61) has a saturation polarization J s of 0.8 T to 1.5 T at a Restaustenitgehalt of 0 to 50%.
4. Verbundbauteil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zumindest eine erste Abschnitt (61') eine Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,1 T bis 1,7 T, aber eine magnetische Induktion von B4000 <= 0,3 T besitzt.4. Composite component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one first portion (61 ') has a saturation polarization J s of 0.1 T to 1.7 T, but a magnetic induction of B4000 <= 0.3 T. ,
5. Verbundbauteil nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material in dem ersten Abschnitt (61') eine Sättigungspolarisation Js von 0,8 T bis 1,5 T bei einem Restaustenitgehalt von > 0 besitzt.5. Composite component according to claim 4, characterized in that the material in the first section (61 ') has a saturation polarization J s of 0.8 T to 1.5 T with a retained austenite content of> 0.
6. Verbundbauteil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Abschnitt (62, 62') eine magnetische Drossel im Verbundbauteil (60, 60') bildet, die teilmagnetisch ist.6. Composite component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second portion (62, 62 ') forms a magnetic choke in the composite member (60, 60') which is partially magnetic.
7. Verbundbauteil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundbauteil (60, 60') hohlzylindrisch hülsenförmig ist.7. Composite component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component (60, 60 ') is a hollow cylinder sleeve-shaped.
8. Verbundbauteil nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundbauteil (60, 60') in einem elektromagnetischen Ventil als Ventilhülse oder Kern (2) einsetzbar ist. 8. Composite component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite component (60, 60 ') in an electromagnetic valve as a valve sleeve or core (2) can be used.
EP09780754A 2008-07-18 2009-07-17 Metallic composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve Not-in-force EP2313896B1 (en)

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DE102008040545A DE102008040545A1 (en) 2008-07-18 2008-07-18 Metallic composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve
PCT/EP2009/059206 WO2010007153A2 (en) 2008-07-18 2009-07-17 Metallic composite component, in particular for an electromagnetic valve

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JP5399486B2 (en) 2014-01-29
ES2383733T3 (en) 2012-06-25
WO2010007153A3 (en) 2010-03-11
CN102099875B (en) 2013-06-19
US20110186769A1 (en) 2011-08-04
US8851450B2 (en) 2014-10-07
WO2010007153A2 (en) 2010-01-21
JP2011528495A (en) 2011-11-17
DE102008040545A1 (en) 2010-01-21
EP2313896B1 (en) 2012-05-09
CN102099875A (en) 2011-06-15
ATE557403T1 (en) 2012-05-15

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