EP2307673A2 - Cascaded condenser for multi-unit geothermal orc - Google Patents
Cascaded condenser for multi-unit geothermal orcInfo
- Publication number
- EP2307673A2 EP2307673A2 EP08876405A EP08876405A EP2307673A2 EP 2307673 A2 EP2307673 A2 EP 2307673A2 EP 08876405 A EP08876405 A EP 08876405A EP 08876405 A EP08876405 A EP 08876405A EP 2307673 A2 EP2307673 A2 EP 2307673A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- condenser
- evaporator
- fluid
- working fluid
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 nuclear power Substances 0.000 description 1
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
- F01K9/003—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines condenser cooling circuits
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to vapor expansion systems and, more particularly, to additional efficiency improvements to a cascaded organic rankine cycle systems.
- the well known closed rankine cycle comprises a boiler or evaporator for the evaporation of a motive fluid, a turbine fed with vapor from the boiler to drive the generator or the load, a condenser for condensing exhaust vapors from the turbine and a means such as a pump, for recycling the condensed fluid to the boiler.
- rankine cycle systems are commonly used for the purpose of generating electrical power that is provided to a power distribution system, or grid, for residential and commercial use across the country.
- a source of heat to the boiler can be of any form such as fossil fuel, nuclear power, or waste heat from internal combustion engines, for example. Because of recent concerns for the environment, and because of the rapid rise in the price of petroleum products, the use of naturally occurring geothermal heat sources has become very attractive for use as the heat source for rankine cycle systems.
- the organic rankine cycle is a vapor power cycle with refrigerant (an organic fluid) instead of water/steam as the working fluid.
- a pump increases the pressure of condensed liquid refrigerant, and this liquid is vaporized in the evaporator/boiler by heat from the geothermal heat source, for example, and high pressure refrigerant vapor expands in the turbine, producing power.
- the low pressure vapor leaving the turbine is condensed before being sent back to the pump to restart the cycle.
- a second method uses a plurality of such ORC systems in series with the high temperature resource leaving the first evaporator partially cooled and entering the evaporator of a second system. This allows for minor hardware changes to maximize energy utilization such that the fluid exits the plants at the lowest possible temperature. This is accomplished by sequentially decreasing temperatures first through the higher temperature ORC design and then extracting additional energy when entering the final evaporator, thus providing greater resource utilization with common hardware design. This setup minimizes the parasitic pumping costs and maximizes the resource utilization associated with power production using the available heat in the resource flow.
- a pair of organic rankine cycle systems are arranged such that a source of cooling fluid is adapted to flow serially through a first condenser to cool the working fluid of a first system and then through a second condenser to cool the working fluid of a second system.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a pair of cascaded organic rankine cycle systems in accordance with the prior art.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a cascaded pair of organic rankine cycle systems in accordance with the present invention.
- the first ORC system 11 includes, in serial, working fluid flow relationship, a pump 13, an evaporator 14, a turbine 17, and a condenser 19.
- the working fluid is any suitable organic refrigerant such as R-245fa.
- the refrigerant is pumped by the pump 13 to an evaporator 14 where it is heated by hot water from a geothermal heat source 16.
- the resulting superheated vapor then passes to the turbine 17 for driving a generator 18 to produce electrical power.
- the resulting lower energy vapor then passes to the condenser 19 where it is condensed by giving up heat to the cooling water circulating through the condenser 19 from a heat sink 21.
- the condensate then passes to the pump 13 to complete the cycle.
- the heat sink 21 may be a cooling tower or a pond or river, to the condenser 19, and a pump 25 drives the cooling fluid to the heat sink 21.
- the second ORC system 12 includes in serial, working fluid flow relationship, a pump 22, an evaporator 23, a turbine 24 and a condenser 26 that operates in substantially the same manner as the first system to drive a generator 27.
- the evaporator 23 is connected in series with the evaporator 14 such that the hot water, after having passed through the evaporator 14, flows along line 28 to the evaporator 23 for the purpose of vaporizing the liquid refrigerant in the second system 12. After passing through the evaporator 23, the low energy water then passes along line 29 back to the geothermal heat source 16.
- the condenser 26 is fluidly connected to a heat sink 31 such that the cooling water passes from the heat sink 31 to the condenser 26 with the resulting warmer temperature water then being circulated from the condenser 26 back to the heat sink 31 by way of a pump 32 the pump, which is typically driven by an electric motor.
- the heat sinks 21 and 31 may be separate heat sinks as shown or they may be a single heat sink that is connected to the two condensers 19 and 26 in parallel.
- the pumps 25 and 32 are separate and distinct in either case, and electrical power is required to drive those pumps.
- the first and second ORC systems 11 and 12 are shown with the geothermal fluid passing through the evaporator 14, with the temperature of the geothermal fluid dropping from a relatively higher temperature such as 285 0 F to an intermediary temperature such as 22O 0 F.
- the intermediary temperature fluid 22O 0 F then passes through the evaporator 23, gives up heat to the evaporator 23 and then drops to a relatively lower temperature of 17O 0 F, after which it passes back to a sink 33.
- the cooling water for the condensers 19 and 26 passes from the cooling tower 34 at a temperature of relatively lower temperature such as 85 0 F to the condenser 19 where it is heated to an intermediary temperature such as 100 0 F.
- the intermediary temperature fluid then passes through the condenser 26 where it is additionally heated to relatively higher temperature such as 115 0 F and then is returned to the cooling tower 34.
- pump sizing and pumping cost are both driven by total flow rate, installation costs, as well as operating costs are reduced over the system as described hereinabove. So, because of the higher overall temperature rise for the cooling water route (i.e. 3O 0 F rather than 15 0 F), the required water flow is reduced. This allows for reduced cooling tower size and lower parasitic power usage.
- cooling water flow in the condenser 19 and 26 is in counterflow relationship with the fluid flow in each of the systems 11 and 12.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2008/072053 WO2010016825A2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2008-08-04 | Cascaded condenser for multi-unit geothermal orc |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2307673A2 true EP2307673A2 (en) | 2011-04-13 |
Family
ID=41478699
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08876405A Withdrawn EP2307673A2 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2008-08-04 | Cascaded condenser for multi-unit geothermal orc |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110314818A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2307673A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010016825A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101929360B (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2013-08-21 | 上海交通大学 | Medium-low temperature heat source generating set based on energy cascade utilization and thermal circulation method thereof |
CN101994532A (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2011-03-30 | 天津大学 | Screw cascade waste heat energy generating device and generating method |
US8904791B2 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2014-12-09 | General Electric Company | Rankine cycle integrated with organic rankine cycle and absorption chiller cycle |
CA2818760A1 (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-14 | Joseph John Matula | Geothermal system |
US9816402B2 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2017-11-14 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Heat recovery system series arrangements |
US8875515B2 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2014-11-04 | General Electric Company | Integrated generator cooling system |
JP5862133B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2016-02-16 | 国立大学法人佐賀大学 | Steam power cycle system |
EP2653670A1 (en) * | 2012-04-17 | 2013-10-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Assembly for storing and emitting thermal energy with a heat storage device and a cold air reservoir and method for its operation |
DE102012210803A1 (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-01-02 | Energy Intelligence Lab Gmbh | Device for generating electrical energy by means of an ORC circuit |
CN102817656A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2012-12-12 | 天津大学 | Device and method utilizing semi-water gas low-temperature exhaust heat to generate electricity |
CN103195520A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-07-10 | 上海维尔泰克螺杆机械有限公司 | Cascade organic Rankine cycle system and generating method thereof |
CN104279013B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2016-06-01 | 北京华航盛世能源技术有限公司 | The ORC (organic Rankine cycle) low-temperature afterheat generating system of a kind of optimization |
US9926811B2 (en) * | 2013-09-05 | 2018-03-27 | Echogen Power Systems, Llc | Control methods for heat engine systems having a selectively configurable working fluid circuit |
US20150211370A1 (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2015-07-30 | J R Thermal LLC | Reciprocating heat transfer engine and heat transformer |
US10670340B2 (en) * | 2014-12-01 | 2020-06-02 | Ormat Technologies, Inc. | Cooling water supply system and method |
CN104727872A (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2015-06-24 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Coke oven gas waste heat power generation system |
CN104895630A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-09-09 | 天津大学 | Different evaporation temperature based multistage organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power generation system |
CN105649697A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-08 | 上海维尔泰克螺杆机械有限公司 | Cascade type organic Rankine cycle system |
JP6801547B2 (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2020-12-16 | 株式会社Ihi | Binary power generation system |
JP6776190B2 (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2020-10-28 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Thermal energy recovery device and thermal energy recovery method |
IT201900006589A1 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-07 | Turboden Spa | OPTIMIZED ORGANIC CASCADE RANKINE CYCLE |
FR3099206B1 (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2022-03-11 | Air Liquide | Process for producing electrical energy using several combined Rankine cycles |
US11976575B2 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2024-05-07 | Turboden S.p.A. | Cascade organic Rankine cycle plant |
US11236735B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-02-01 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Methods for generating geothermal power in an organic Rankine cycle operation during hydrocarbon production based on wellhead fluid temperature |
US11644015B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2023-05-09 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig |
US11486370B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-11-01 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Modular mobile heat generation unit for generation of geothermal power in organic Rankine cycle operations |
US11493029B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-11-08 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig |
US11293414B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-04-05 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic rankine cycle operation |
US11421663B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-08-23 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power in an organic Rankine cycle operation |
US11592009B2 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2023-02-28 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods for generation of electrical power at a drilling rig |
US11359576B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-06-14 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source |
US11480074B1 (en) | 2021-04-02 | 2022-10-25 | Ice Thermal Harvesting, Llc | Systems and methods utilizing gas temperature as a power source |
CN113591329B (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-04-07 | 北京工业大学 | Numerical method based on cold source temperature of shell-and-tube condenser in cross-season organic Rankine cycle system |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3878273A (en) * | 1972-10-13 | 1975-04-15 | James H Anderson | Plural water/air contact for cooling water cycle |
US20070245729A1 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-10-25 | Mickleson D Lynn | Directional geothermal energy system and method |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2431025A1 (en) * | 1978-07-13 | 1980-02-08 | Creusot Loire | ENERGY RECOVERY PLANT |
JPS61149507A (en) | 1984-12-24 | 1986-07-08 | Hisaka Works Ltd | Heat recovery device |
US5437157A (en) * | 1989-07-01 | 1995-08-01 | Ormat Industries Ltd. | Method of and apparatus for cooling hot fluids |
US5860279A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1999-01-19 | Bronicki; Lucien Y. | Method and apparatus for cooling hot fluids |
DE4424870A1 (en) * | 1994-07-14 | 1996-01-18 | Saarbergwerke Ag | Process for improving efficiency in thermal power plants with condensers connected in series on the cooling water side |
JP4808006B2 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2011-11-02 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Drive system |
-
2008
- 2008-08-04 WO PCT/US2008/072053 patent/WO2010016825A2/en active Application Filing
- 2008-08-04 EP EP08876405A patent/EP2307673A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2008-08-04 US US12/989,708 patent/US20110314818A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3878273A (en) * | 1972-10-13 | 1975-04-15 | James H Anderson | Plural water/air contact for cooling water cycle |
US20070245729A1 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-10-25 | Mickleson D Lynn | Directional geothermal energy system and method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
BARBIER E: "GEOTHERMAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND CURRENT STATUS: AN OVERVIEW", RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS, ELSEVIERS SCIENCE, NEW YORK, NY, US, vol. 6, no. 1/02, 1 February 2002 (2002-02-01), pages 3 - 65, XP001130302, ISSN: 1364-0321, DOI: 10.1016/S1364-0321(02)00002-3 * |
See also references of WO2010016825A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010016825A9 (en) | 2013-05-10 |
US20110314818A1 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
WO2010016825A2 (en) | 2010-02-11 |
WO2010016825A3 (en) | 2013-01-03 |
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Legal Events
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20110119 |
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AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA MK RS |
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DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
R17D | Deferred search report published (corrected) |
Effective date: 20130103 |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20140124 |
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RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
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18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20170720 |