EP2307532B1 - Utilisation comme composition de fluide hydraulique anti-usure - Google Patents

Utilisation comme composition de fluide hydraulique anti-usure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2307532B1
EP2307532B1 EP09803603.1A EP09803603A EP2307532B1 EP 2307532 B1 EP2307532 B1 EP 2307532B1 EP 09803603 A EP09803603 A EP 09803603A EP 2307532 B1 EP2307532 B1 EP 2307532B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
use according
composition
alkyl
detergent additive
hydraulic fluid
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EP09803603.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2307532A4 (fr
EP2307532A2 (fr
Inventor
Rawls H. Frazier Jr.
Patrice Hamel
Nicolas Denieulle
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Chevron Oronite SAS
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Chevron Oronite SAS
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Priority to EP13180664.8A priority Critical patent/EP2669355A1/fr
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Publication of EP2307532A4 publication Critical patent/EP2307532A4/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/22—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/18—Ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/26—Overbased carboxylic acid salts
    • C10M2207/262—Overbased carboxylic acid salts derived from hydroxy substituted aromatic acids, e.g. salicylates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/101—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones and phenols, e.g. Also polyoxyalkylene ether derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
    • C10M2209/104—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups of alkylene oxides containing two carbon atoms only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
    • C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
    • C10M2219/089—Overbased salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/24—Emulsion properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/40—Low content or no content compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
    • C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to detergents utilized in antiwear hydraulic fluid compositions.
  • the present invention relates to the use of a composition as an antiwear hydraulic fluid which can be useful for certain mobile equipment applications (e.g., hydraulic fluids for construction equipment).
  • Hydraulic fluids need to protect equipment from rust. To achieve this they are formulated with rust inhibitors. Typical rust inhibitors are metal sulfonates or succinic acid derivatives. Hydraulic fluids are also typically designed to separate readily from water (demulsify). Often, metallic rust inhibitors act to improve the demulsifying characteristics of the fluids.
  • Japanese Patent Publication No. JP5311187A describes a composition containing (A) a base fluid of a sulfur content of up to 100 ppm, (B) 0.2-1 wt. % of zinc dithiophosphate, (C) 0.2-1 wt. % of an alkaline earth metal salt of salicylic acid and (D) 0.001-0.5 wt. % of a water-separating agent.
  • WO0063325 describes a hydraulic fluid comprising lubricant base fluid, 0.001-5 wt.% of magnesium salicylate and 0.01-8 wt.% of zinc dithiophosphate.
  • the hydraulic fluid composition also comprises a rust inhibitor.
  • This publication also discloses the combination of a calcium salicylate, zinc dithiophosphate, and a rust inhibitor.
  • compositions incorporating a metal salt of an alkyl salicylate, zinc dithiophosphate, and a rust inhibitor typically include demulsifiers to facilitate the separation of water from the fluid.
  • demulsifiers to facilitate the separation of water from the fluid.
  • fluids with enhanced detergent and dispersant characteristics e.g., so called HLPD and HVLPD fluids as defined by the German DIN 51 502 standard
  • hydraulic fluids for certain mobile equipment applications e.g., hydraulic fluids for Caterpillar equipment, building machinery, excavators, hydraulic hoists, lifting platforms, presses, and the like
  • Engine fluids which are typically formulated with large amounts of dispersants, are a way to provide these emulsifying characteristics. Hydraulic fluids with certain sulfonate detergents can also have these characteristics.
  • US 2006/111252 discloses an emulsifier blend which includes at least one alkali metal sulfonate and at least one alkali metal alkyl salicylate.
  • the emulsifier blend can be combined with a lubricant oil to provide a water-miscible lubricating oil concentrate capable of forming a stable aqueous emulsion when added to an aqueous medium.
  • One aspect of this invention is the use of a composition comprising a major amount of a base fluid of lubricating viscosity and a minor amount of at least one oil soluble detergent additive; as an antiwear hydraulic fluid.
  • This detergent additive comprises a non-sulfurized calcium salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid.
  • the composition has a Carboxylate Index of greater than 0.084.
  • the antiwear hydraulic fluid composition is able to able to achieve an emulsion of 0 ml of fluid, 0 ml of water and 80 ml of emulsion (abbreviated 0-0-80) for 30 minutes or more, preferably 40 minutes or more in the ASTM D 1401 water separability test method.
  • the hydraulic fluid composition is able to achieve a "pass" result in the ASTM D 665 rust inhibition test method.
  • salts as described above exhibit excellent emulsifying and rust inhibition characteristics. This combined performance is unexpected when compared to other detergents.
  • One advantage of the present invention is the reduction or removal of conventional rust inhibitors, such as metallic naphthalene sulfonic acid salts, (e.g., NA-SUL® from King Industries).
  • Antiwear hydraulic fluids are used in hydraulic systems to prevent wear in mechanical equipment in hydraulic systems, for example, to prevent wear on moving metal on metal surfaces, such as steel on steel surfaces. Antiwear hydraulic fluids are useful, for example, in preventing wear in a variety of pumps, including but not limited to, vane pumps, piston pumps, and gear pumps, commonly used in hydraulic systems. Antiwear hydraulic fluids also provide protection for other parts of the hydraulic system such as motors, actuators, and pistons. Antiwear hydraulic fluids typically contain antiwear additves or extreme pressure agents, such as zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
  • the antiwear hydraulic fluid of the present invention exhibits several performance features in addition to antiwear protection, in particular emulsification and rust protection.
  • the antiwear hydraulic fluid of the present invention exhibits good oxidation stability, good filterability, good thermal stability, low internal friction, and good hydrolytic stability.
  • the base oil of lubricating viscosity employed in the present invention may be mineral oil or synthetic oils.
  • a base oil having a viscosity of at least 10 cSt (mm 2 /s) at 40 C. and a pour point below 20 C., preferably at or below 0 C. is desirable.
  • the base oils may be derived from synthetic or natural sources.
  • Mineral oils for use as the base oil in this invention include, for example, paraffinic, naphthenic and other fluids that are ordinarily used in lubricating oil compositions.
  • Synthetic oils include, for example, both hydrocarbon synthetic oils and synthetic esters and mixtures thereof having the desired viscosity.
  • Hydrocarbon synthetic oils may include, for example, liquid polymers having the proper viscosity prepared from the polymerization of ethylene or higher alpha olefins (polyalphaolefin or PAO), or from hydrocarbon synthesis procedures using carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases such as in a Fisher-Tropsch process.
  • polyalphaolefin or PAO polyalphaolefin
  • PAO polyalphaolefin
  • the hydrogenated liquid oligomers of C 6 to C 12 alpha olefins such as 1-decene trimer.
  • alkyl benzenes of proper viscosity such as didodecyl benzene, can be used.
  • Useful synthetic esters include the esters of monocarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids, as well as mono-hydroxy alkanols and polyols.
  • Typical examples are didodecyl adipate, pentaerythritol tetracaproate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, dilaurylsebacate, and the like.
  • Complex esters prepared from mixtures of mono and dicarboxylic acids and mono and dihydroxy alkanols can also be used.
  • Blends of mineral oils with synthetic oils are also useful. For example, blends of 10 wt % to 25 wt % hydrogenated 1-decene trimer with 75 wt % to 90 wt % 150 SUS (100F.) mineral oil make excellent lubricating oil bases.
  • the base oil of the present invention is present in a "major amount.”
  • a “major amount” of a base oil of lubricating viscosity refers to a concentration of the oil within the hydraulic fluid composition of at least about 40 wt %.
  • "a major amount” of a base oil of lubricating viscosity refers to a concentration of the oil within the hydraulic fluid composition of at least about 50 wt %, at least about 60 wt %, at least about 70 wt %, at least about 80 wt %, or at least about 90 wt %.
  • composition employed in the present invention comprises at least one suitable detergent additive that is oil soluble.
  • the detergent additive comprises a non-sulfurized calcium salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid.
  • the Total Base Number (“TBN”) of the detergent additive is typically less than 200 mg KOH/g, and preferably less than 160 mg KOH/g.
  • Total Base Number or “TBN” refers to the equivalent number of milligrams of KOH needed to neutralize 1 gram of a product. Therefore, a high TBN reflects strongly overbased products and, as a result, a higher base reserve for neutralizing acids.
  • the TBN of a product can be determined by ASTM Standard No. D 2896 or equivalent procedure.
  • An overbased detergent can be any detergent in which the TBN of the additive has been increased by a process such as the addition of a base source (such as lime) and an acidic overbasing compound (such as carbon dioxide).
  • At least 75% (such as at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, or at least 99%) of the alkyl groups contained within the detergent (such as the alkyl groups of a carboxylate-containing detergent, or of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid) to be C 14 or greater, such as C 14 -C 40 , C 14 -C 35 , C 14 -C 30 , or C 14 -C 25 ,.
  • At least 75% (such as at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, or at least 99%) of the alkyl groups contained within the detergent, with the remainder (such as 25% or less, about 20% or less, 15% or less, 10% or less, 5% or less, or even 1 % or less) of the alkyl groups contained within the detergent to be C 8 or greater (such as C 8 -C 14 , C 10 -C 14 , or even C 12 -C 14 ).
  • the detergent comprises a calcium salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid that is derived from an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid in which the alkyl groups are the residue of normal alpha-olefins containing at least 90% C 20 or greater normal alpha-olefins.
  • the detergent comprises a calcium salt (e.g., an overbased salt) of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid.
  • the detergent is in a mixture with an overbased salt (such as an overbased alkaline earth metal salt) of an alkyl-substituted phenol.
  • the detergent is in a mixture with an overbased salt of an alkyl-substituted phenol, in combination or mixture with a non-overbased salt of one or more of: an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid and an alkyl-substituted phenol.
  • the composition comprises one or more detergents comprising an overbased calcium salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid and no other overbased salts (other than the salt of the detergent).
  • the detergent additive in this regard, can comprise any suitable concentration of anion (e.g., organic anion) associated with the carboxylate salt (or salt of the alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid).
  • Suitable detergents which may be used in combination with the non-sulfurized calcium salt of an alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoic acid include alkyl or alkenyl aromatic sulfonates, borated sulfonates, sulfurized or unsulfurized metal salts of multi hydroxy alkyl or alkenyl aromatic compounds, alkyl or alkenyl hydroxy aromatic sulfonates, sulfurized or unsulfurized alkyl or alkenyl naphthenates, metal salts of alkanoic acids, metal salts of an alkyl or alkenyl multiacid, and chemical and physical mixtures thereof.
  • suitable detergent additives include metal sulfonates, salicylates, phosphonates, thiophosphonates and combinations thereof.
  • the metal can be any metal suitable for making sulfonate, salicylate or phosphonate detergents.
  • suitable metals include alkali metals, alkaline metals and transition metals. In some embodiments, the metal is Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, K, Na, Li or the like.
  • the detergent additive employed in the present invention is generally soluble in oil as characterized by the following test: A mixture of a 600N oil and the additive at a content of 10% by weight with respect to the total weight of the mixture is centrifuged at a temperature of 60 C and for 30 minutes, the centrifugation being carried out under the conditions stipulated by the standard ASTM D2273 (it should be noted that centrifugation is carried out without dilution, i.e. without adding solvent); immediately after centrifugation, the volume of the deposit which forms is determined; if the deposit is less than 0.05% v/v (volume of the deposit with respect to the volume of the mixture), the product is considered as soluble in oil.
  • the aforementioned oil soluble detergent additive in the antiwear hydraulic fluid composition of the present invention has a TBN typically less than 200 mg KOH/g, and preferably less than 160 mg KOH/g.
  • the concentration of the oil soluble detergent additive itself will generally range from an amount of between about 0.05 wt % to about 0.3 wt%, and preferably about 0.07 wt% to about 0.25 wt %, based on the total weight of the hydraulic fluid composition.
  • the detergent additive of the present invention is present in a "minor amount.”
  • a “minor amount” of detergent additive refers to a concentration of the detergent additive within the hydraulic fluid composition of less than about 60 wt %.
  • a “minor amount” of detergent additive refers to a concentration of the detergent additive within the hydraulic fluid composition of less than about 50 wt%, of less than about 30 wt %, of less than about 10 wt %, of less than about 1 wt %, or of less than about 0.5 wt %.
  • detergents help control varnish, ring zone deposits, and rust by keeping insoluble particles in colloidal suspension.
  • Metal-containing (or ash-forming detergents) function both as detergents to control deposits, and as acid neutralizers or rust inhibitors, thereby reducing wear and corrosion and extending equipment life.
  • Detergents generally comprise a polar head with a long hydrophobic tail; with the polar head comprising a metal salt of an acidic organic compound.
  • the salts may contain a substantially stoichiometric amount of the metal in which case they are usually described as normal or neutral salts.
  • the detergent additives in the antiwear hydraulic fluid composition of the present invention can be characterized by the amount of potassium hydroxide equivalent to the amount of alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate (also referred to herein as a salt of an alkyl substituted hydroxybenzoic acid), or a sulfurized derivative thereof, present in the detergent expressed as mg KOH/g detergent and referred to as the Carboxylate Index (CI).
  • CI Carboxylate Index
  • the alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent additive is dissolved in an organic solvent and washed three times with equal volumes of a dilute, strong acid solution.
  • the aqueous layers are collected.
  • the combined aqueous layers are washed with an organic solvent.
  • the aqueous layer is removed and the organic layers are combined and subsequently washed with distilled water.
  • the aqueous layer is decanted.
  • the acidified extract is treated with pyridine and titrated with dilute, standardized base.
  • Cl of antiwear hydraulic fluid composition Cl of alkyl - substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent x wt . % alkyl - substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent in fluid
  • the CI of the antiwear hydraulic fluid composition is greater than 0.084, preferably greater than 0.10, and more preferably greater than 0.12.
  • the CI of the antiwear hydraulic fluid composition is greater than 0.034, and more preferably greater than 0.04.
  • the oil soluble detergent additive of the present invention can be employed as a concentrate which will typically contain a sufficient amount of an organic liquid diluent and the oil soluble detergent additive employed in the present invention.
  • the concentrates contain sufficient organic liquid diluent to make them easy to handle during shipping and storage.
  • the concentrate will contain from about 10 wt % to 90 wt %; preferably, from about 20 wt % to 70 wt %; and more preferably, from about 20 wt % to 35 wt %, of a compatible organic liquid diluent.
  • Suitable organic liquid diluents which can be used include, for example, paraffinic base oils such as solvent refined 100N, e.g., Cit-Con 100N, and hydrotreated 100N, e.g., Chevron 100N, and the like.
  • the organic liquid diluent preferably has a viscosity of from about 1 to 20 cSt at 100C. From about 10 wt % to 90 wt %; preferably, from about 30 wt % to 80 wt % of the concentrate is the oil soluble additive employed in the present invention.
  • additive components are examples of some of the components that can be favorably employed in the present invention. These examples of additives are provided to illustrate the present invention, but they are not intended to limit it:
  • a base-line formulation was prepared and used for assessing the performance of the detergent in Example 1 in the ASTM D 1401 water separability test.
  • the base-line formulation contained 0.31 wt. % of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.15 wt. % of a hindered phenol antioxidant, 0.044 wt. % of a succinate ester dispersant, 0.044 wt. % of a fatty ester friction modifier, 0.013 wt. % of an arylpolyol demulsifier and 0.008 wt. % of a foam inhibitor in a base fluid containing Shell HVI basestocks. All finished fluids in these Examples are ISO VG 46 with 8 wt. % of a polyalkyl methacrylate viscosity index improver.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.225 wt. % of an overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent wherein at least 90% of the alkyl groups are C 20 or greater and 0.06 wt. % of the succinate ester dispersant.
  • the overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent was prepared according to the method described in Example 1 of US Patent Application 2007/0027043 and has a calcium content of 5.35 wt. %, a TBN of 150 and a CI of 56.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared in accordance with the formulation of Example 1 except that 0.01 wt. % of a linear alcohol ethoxylate emulsifier and 0.16 wt% zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate was added.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the base-line formulation above with the addition of 0.041 wt. % of an overbased, sulfurized alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate-containing detergent, 0.024 wt. % of an overbased calcium phenate, 0.027 wt. % of a naphthalene sulfonic acid zinc salt rust inhibitor and 0.008 wt. % of a phenolic resin demulsifier.
  • the overbased, sulfurized carboxylate-containing detergent was prepared according to the method described in Example 16 of US Patent Number 5808145 and has a calcium content of 9.3 wt. %, a sulfur content of 2.4 wt. %, a TBN of 260 and a CI of 28.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.075 wt. % of the 56 CI overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate as described in Example 1.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared in accordance with the formulation of Comparative Example 2 except that 0.06 wt. % of the succinate ester dispersant was added.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.15 wt. % of the 56 CI overbased calcium alkylhydroxybenzoate as described in Example 1.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared in accordance with the formulation of Comparative Example 4 except that 0.06 wt. % of the succinate ester dispersant was added.
  • the water separability of antiwear hydraulic fluids is characterized in the ASTM D 1401 test method.
  • a 40 mL volume of the sample material was emulsified with a 40 mL volume of distilled water by stirring the combined liquids in a graduated cylinder at 54°C for 5 minutes.
  • the separation of the emulsion into organic and aqueous layers was characterized by monitoring the relative volumes of the respective fluid, water and emulsion layers after cessation of stirring. Results are set forth below in Table 1 as the respective mL fluid-mL water-mL emulsion observed at minutes after cessation of stirring.
  • a base-line formulation was prepared and used for assessing the performance of various detergents in the ASTM D 665 rust prevention test.
  • the base-line formulation contained 0.31 wt. % of a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, 0.15 wt. % of a hindered phenol antioxidant, 0.044 wt. % of a succinate ester dispersant, 0.044 wt. % of a fatty ester friction modifier, 0.013 wt. % of an arylpolyol demulsifier, 0.008 wt. % of a phenolic resin demulsifier, 0.2 wt. % of a pour point depressant and 0.008 wt. % of a foam inhibitor in a base oil containing ExxonMobil AP/E CORE ® basestocks. All finished fluids in these Examples are ISO VG 68.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.075 wt. % of the 56 CI overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent as described in Example 1.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.041 wt. % of the 28 CI overbased, sulfurized, alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate-containing detergent as described in Comparative Example 1, 0.024 wt. % of an overbased calcium phenate and 0.027 wt. % of a naphthalene sulfonic acid zinc salt rust inhibitor.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.067 wt. % of an overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent wherein at least 90% of the alkyl groups are C 14 -C 18 .
  • the detergent has a TBN of 168 and a CI of 51.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.049 wt. % of an overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent wherein at least 90% of the alkyl groups are C 20 -C 28 .
  • the detergent has a TBN of 230 and a CI of 46.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.035 wt. % of an overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent wherein at least 90% of the alkyl groups are C 20 -C 28 .
  • the detergent has a TBN of 325 and a CI of 36.
  • An antiwear hydraulic fluid composition was prepared consisting of the baseline formulation above with the addition of 0.032 wt. % of an overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent wherein at least 90% of the alkyl groups are C 20 or greater.
  • the overbased calcium alkyl-substituted hydroxybenzoate detergent is prepared according to the method described in Example 1 of US Patent Application 2007/0027043 and has a calcium content of 12.5 wt. %, a TBN of 350 and a CI of 37.
  • Rust inhibition of antiwear hydraulic fluids was determined using ASTM D 665.
  • ASTM D 665 is directed at a test for determining the ability of fluid to aid in preventing the rusting of ferrous parts should water become mixed with the fluid.
  • Procedure B of ASTM D 665 was employed. In this test, a mixture of 300 mL of the test fluid is stirred with 30 mL of synthetic sea water at a temperature of 60°C with a cylindrical steel specimen completely immersed therein for 24 hours. The rust test results are reported as either a "pass” or a "fail.” The results are presented in Table 2. Table 2 not according to the invention Ex. 3 Comp. Ex. 6 Comp. Ex. 7 Comp. Ex. 8 Comp. Ex.
  • Example 3 demonstrated unexpected rust inhibiting performance when compared to other carboxylate/salicylate detergents (Comparative Examples 2-5) and also demonstrated unexpected rust inhibiting performance when compared to a formulation containing a rust inhibitor (Comparative Example 6).
  • the formulation of Example 3 advantageously does not require the addition of a rust inhibitor in order to pass this test.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Utilisation d'une composition comprenant :
    (a) une quantité majeure d'une huile à viscosité lubrifiante ; et
    (b) une quantité mineure d'au moins un additif détergent soluble dans l'huile comprenant un sel de calcium non sulfurisé d'un acide hydrobenzoïque substitué d'une alkyle ;
    et en plus dans laquelle ladite composition a un indice de carboxylate (comme défini ci-dedans) supérieur à 0,084 ;
    comme fluide hydraulique anti-usure.
  2. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit acide hydrobenzoïque substitué d'une alkyle comprend un groupe alkyle linéaire ou branché ou un mélange de groupes alkyle linéaires et branchés.
  3. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle au moins 90 pour cent des groupes alkyle dudit acide hydrobenzoïque substitué d'une alkyle sont C14 ou plus.
  4. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ladite composition est capable de former une émulsion 0-0-80 à 40 minutes dans le procédé de test de séparabilité d'eau selon ASTM D 1401.
  5. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ladite composition ne comprend pas d'agents antirouille ajoutés.
  6. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit détergent soluble dans l'huile comprend un indice de basicité total inférieur à 200 mg KOH/g.
  7. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit détergent soluble dans l'huile comprend un indice de basicité total inférieur à 160 mg KOH/g.
  8. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit additif détergent soluble dans l'huile comprend supérieur à 0,1 pour cent en poids du poids total de ladite composition.
  9. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit additif détergent soluble dans l'huile comprend supérieur à 0,2 pour cent en poids du poids total de ladite composition.
  10. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la composition comprend en plus au moins un parmi les co-additifs suivants : (a) un dispersant sans teneur en cendres ; (b) un antioxydant ; (d) un démulsifiant ; (e) un agent de pression extrême ; (f) un modificateur de friction ; (g) un additif multifonctionnel ; (h) un améliorateur d'indice de viscosité ; (i) un abaisseur du point d'écoulement ; (j) un agent anti-mousse ; et (k) un émulsifiant.
  11. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ladite composition est capable de réussir dans le procédé d'inhibition de rouille selon ASTM D 665.
  12. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit additif détergent soluble dans l'huile comprend supérieur à 0,05 pour cent en poids du poids total de ladite composition.
  13. Utilisation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle ledit additif détergent soluble dans l'huile comprend supérieur à 0,07 pour cent en poids du poids total de ladite composition.
EP09803603.1A 2008-07-31 2009-07-30 Utilisation comme composition de fluide hydraulique anti-usure Active EP2307532B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP13180664.8A EP2669355A1 (fr) 2008-07-31 2009-07-30 Composition de fluide hydraulique anti-usure dotée de propriétés de prévention de la rouille et émulsifiantes utiles

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US12/184,094 US20100029525A1 (en) 2008-07-31 2008-07-31 Antiwear hydraulic fluid composition with useful emulsifying and rust prevention properties
PCT/US2009/052286 WO2010014833A2 (fr) 2008-07-31 2009-07-30 Composition de fluide hydraulique anti-usure avec des propriétés utiles d'émulsification et de prévention de la rouille

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EP2307532A2 EP2307532A2 (fr) 2011-04-13
EP2307532A4 EP2307532A4 (fr) 2012-02-15
EP2307532B1 true EP2307532B1 (fr) 2013-08-21

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EP09803603.1A Active EP2307532B1 (fr) 2008-07-31 2009-07-30 Utilisation comme composition de fluide hydraulique anti-usure

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WO (1) WO2010014833A2 (fr)

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KR101261880B1 (ko) 2012-11-29 2013-05-08 (주)이바이오텍 다목적 내연기관의 고기능성 엔진 오일 첨가제 및 이 제조 방법
EP3645679B1 (fr) * 2017-06-30 2022-08-03 Chevron Oronite Company LLC Détergents à base de magnésium pour huile lubrifiante et procédé de fabrication et d'utilisation de ces détergents
EP3645681B1 (fr) * 2017-06-30 2021-09-22 Chevron Oronite Company LLC Compositions d'huile lubrifiante contenant des composés détergents
CN109370736B (zh) * 2018-11-29 2021-02-09 郑州正赢石化有限公司 一种耐碱性无灰液压油
CN110484332B (zh) * 2019-09-16 2021-08-31 辽宁百特润滑科技有限责任公司 一种液压油复合添加剂及其制备方法和液压油
CN114075473B (zh) * 2020-08-18 2022-12-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种乳化型液压油组合物

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102105571A (zh) 2011-06-22
EP2669355A1 (fr) 2013-12-04
SG193167A1 (en) 2013-09-30
EP2307532A4 (fr) 2012-02-15
CN102105571B (zh) 2014-01-29
JP2015091982A (ja) 2015-05-14
WO2010014833A3 (fr) 2010-05-06
CA2730058A1 (fr) 2010-02-04
US20100029525A1 (en) 2010-02-04
JP2011529994A (ja) 2011-12-15
WO2010014833A2 (fr) 2010-02-04
JP5945414B2 (ja) 2016-07-05
EP2307532A2 (fr) 2011-04-13
SG10201700780WA (en) 2017-03-30

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