EP2306089A2 - Glow plug and method for connecting a pin made of ceramic with a metal casing - Google Patents
Glow plug and method for connecting a pin made of ceramic with a metal casing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2306089A2 EP2306089A2 EP10008411A EP10008411A EP2306089A2 EP 2306089 A2 EP2306089 A2 EP 2306089A2 EP 10008411 A EP10008411 A EP 10008411A EP 10008411 A EP10008411 A EP 10008411A EP 2306089 A2 EP2306089 A2 EP 2306089A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- glow plug
- metal sleeve
- tapered portion
- tapered
- pin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
- F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heater elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
- Y10T29/49083—Heater type
Definitions
- the invention relates to a glow plug with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a glow plug is from the DE 10 2006 016 566 A1 known.
- a metal sleeve and a glow plug and inner conductor and glow plug are soldered together. There is a risk that form solder bridges, which lead to short circuits.
- the object of the invention is how the production of a glow plug of the type mentioned simplifies and short circuits can be better avoided.
- the glow plug is pressed into the metal sleeve.
- a reliable and robust connection between the ceramic glow plug and the metal sleeve can be created inexpensively.
- a simple and inexpensive production of the glow plug and an improvement of the centric position, coaxiality and theIntern beauhaltmaschine allows in this way.
- the risk of short circuits through solder bridges can be avoided.
- an increased life can be achieved with a glow plug according to the invention.
- a non-uniform wetting with solder material can cause shear forces that cause cracks because of different thermal expansion coefficients of metal sleeve, solder material and glow plug. Temperature-related stresses and the risk of cracking associated therewith can advantageously be prevented according to the invention. It is also advantageous that, during operation, the combustion chamber pressure acts in the press-fit direction and therefore stabilizes the press fit.
- the ceramic glow plug preferably has a ceramic inner conductor and a ceramic outer conductor, between which a ceramic insulator is arranged.
- a glow plug can be produced inexpensively, for example, by firing an extruded green body.
- the metal sleeve can be advantageously used to contact the outer conductor, so that it can be placed on the plug housing to ground.
- a ceramic glow plug may be used, which has a metallic heating conductor, which is embedded in a ceramic body.
- An advantageous development of the invention provides that at least one annular elevation a local increase in the pressing pressure between the tapered portion of the metal sleeve and the covered portion of the glow plug causes.
- the annular protrusion may be provided on an inner surface of the metal shell or on the glow plug.
- an annular elevation locally increased force between the metal sleeve and the glow plug can be effected.
- an improved seal between glow plug and metal sleeve can be achieved in this way. This is particularly advantageous in Druckmessglühkerzen as seepage of gases from the combustion chamber should be avoided as possible and therefore a dense connection of the glow plug with the metal sleeve is desirable.
- Another advantage of one or more annular bumps is that the end edge of the metal sleeve presses on the glow plug with less force. As a result, the risk of damage to the glow plug during pressing can be advantageously reduced.
- the tapered portion of the glow plug preferably has a circular cross section.
- the tapering section of the glow plug can also be shaped like an edged, for example similar to a pyramid.
- the tapered portion of the metal sleeve and the tapered portion of the glow plug may be conically shaped, so have the shape of a truncated cone.
- a concave shape can also be selected.
- the glow plug in its tapered portion having a concave in longitudinal section surface, which can be pressed, for example, in a conically shaped end portion of the metal sleeve. Due to the concave shape, the angle of the contact surface can be continuously changed during the pressing in, thus reducing the risk of damage to the glow plug.
- a concave surface can be achieved in a glow pencil, for example by grinding machining.
- the tapered portion of the glow plug is tapered, an angle of 5 ° to 10 ° is preferred for the taper of the conical taper with respect to the longitudinal direction.
- This range for the quotient of the decrease of the radius in the conically tapering section and the length of the tapered section is also preferred for glow plugs, wherein the tapered portion is not conically shaped, but for example, is concave shaped and / or has annular elevations.
- the decrease of the radius is the difference between the radius at the beginning of the glow plug section covered by the tapered end section of the metal sleeve and the radius at the rear end of the glow plug section covered by the metal sleeve.
- the tapered portion of the metal shell is preferably at least as long as the diameter of the metal shell at its widest point.
- the present invention further relates to a method for connecting a functional ceramic ceramic stylus to a metal sleeve having a tapered end portion, the pin having a tapered portion being press-fitted into the metal sleeve such that the tapered portion of the stylus is tapered tapered end portion of the metal sleeve is covered. It is sufficient if a part of the tapered portion of the pin is covered by the sleeve.
- the pressed-in pin is preferably a ceramic glow plug, but may for example also belong to a gas or temperature sensor.
- the ceramic pin is pressed into a heated metal sleeve.
- the press-in force can be advantageously reduced.
- the metal sleeve then cools and contracts it is advantageous to increase the holding force and thus an improved seal between the pin and metal sleeve.
- the side facing the combustion chamber during operation is referred to as the front side and the side facing away from the combustion chamber in operation as the rear side of a component.
- FIG. 1 schematically an embodiment of a glow plug is shown in a partially sectioned view.
- the glow plug has a metallic housing 1 with an external thread 2 and a hexagon 3.
- a metallic inner conductor 4 is arranged, which is connected to the rear end of a ceramic glow pin 5 facing away from the combustion chamber.
- the ceramic glow plug 5 is pressed into a metal sleeve 6, which is inserted in the housing 1.
- the glow plug 5 protrudes with its two ends out of the metal sleeve 6 and has at its front, the combustion chamber end of a glow tip 7 on.
- the metal sleeve 6 is preferably pressed into the housing, but may for example also be soldered or welded to the housing 1.
- the rod-shaped metallic inner conductor 4 has at its front end an opening into which the rear end of the glow plug 5 protrudes.
- the rear end of the glow plug 5 is pressed into the inner conductor 4. But it is also possible to solder the inner conductor 4 with the glow plug.
- the ceramic glow plug 5 consists in the illustrated embodiment of a ceramic inner conductor 8 and a ceramic outer conductor 9, between which a ceramic insulator 10 is arranged.
- the ceramic inner conductor 8 and the ceramic outer conductor 9 are electrically conductively connected to each other by a ceramic heating resistor on the glow tip 7.
- the metal sleeve 6 electrically contacts the outer conductor 9 of the glow plug 5 and can be connected via the housing 1 to ground potential. In the illustrated embodiment, therefore, the metal sleeve 6 is both the contact tube and the protective tube.
- FIG. 1 The front end of the glow plug 5 with the glow tip 7 is in FIG. 1 shown only schematically.
- the glow plug 5 in the region of the glow tip 7 has a reduced diameter, as in FIG. 2 is shown, which shows an embodiment of a metal sleeve 6 with pressed glow pin 5 and metallic inner conductor 4.
- the metal sleeve 6 has at its rear end a tapered portion 6 a, which encloses a tapered portion 5 a of the glow plug 5.
- the tapered portion 5a is the illustrated embodiment, an end portion of the glow plug 5 and therefore also causes an advantageous large contact surface of the inner conductor 8 of the glow plug 5 with the metallic inner conductor 4.
- the inner conductor 8 of the glow plug 5 is located with this contact surface on the metallic inner conductor 4th at.
- FIG. 3 shows the front end of the metallic inner conductor 4 with the glow plug 5 receiving opening in detail.
- the glow tip 7 of in FIG. 2 illustrated embodiment has an outer diameter of 3.3 mm.
- the chamfer angle of the section 5a of the glow plug 5 and the end portion 6a of the metal shell 6 is about 7 ° in each case.
- the illustrated metal sleeve 6 has a maximum inner diameter of 3.4 mm and a wall thickness of 0.4 mm to 0.6 mm, for example 0.5 mm.
- the glow plug 5 was centrally pressed into the metal sleeve 6 with a force of about 2 to 2.5 kN.
- the metal sleeve 6 was heated prior to pressing, so that it shrunk thermally on the glow plug 5 when cooling and so the holding force was increased.
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed view FIG. 2 , In this detail view, the front end of the metal sleeve 6 is shown. It can be seen that the metal sleeve 6 is compressed in a front end region, for example crimped. The diameter of the glow plug 5 increases behind the compressed end region, for example by 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. If the glow plug 5 should break in the metal sleeve 6, therefore falling out of a broken Glühuns can be prevented from the metal sleeve 6, since the compressed point of the sleeve 6 with the, preferably stepped, diameter extension of the glow plug 5 form a positive connection. In the illustrated embodiment, the metal sleeve 6 is compressed at its front end. However, in order to fulfill the above-described holding function, the metal shell 6 may be compressed at a position spaced from the front end but lying in the front end portion.
- the tapered end portion 6a of the metal shell 6 and the portion of the glow plug 5 covered by it may be conically shaped.
- An example of a conically shaped end portion 6a of the metal shell 6 is shown in FIG FIG. 5 shown.
- the chamfer angle of the end portion 6a is preferably between 5 ° and 10 °.
- the metal sleeve 6 may have one or more cuts at its rear end. A corresponding embodiment is in FIG. 6 shown.
- the load on the glow plug 5 can also be reduced by the metal sleeve 6 having a reduced wall thickness at its rear end.
- the wall thickness can be uniform, in particular reduce linearly in the tapered end portion 6a. It is also possible that the Wall thickness in the tapered end portion 6a gradually or continuously but non-linearly reduced.
- FIG. 7 the end portion of a further embodiment of a metal sleeve 6 is shown.
- the tapered end portion 6a of the metal shell 6 has on its inside a plurality of annular elevations 11, which cause a local increase in the pressing pressure between the end portion 6a of the metal sleeve 6 and the covered portion of the glow plug 5.
- an improved tightness between the metal sleeve 6 and the glow plug 5 is effected in this way.
- FIG. 8 shows the end portion of another embodiment of a metal sleeve.
- the tapered end portion of the metal sleeve on its inside only a single annular elevation 11.
- This annular elevation 11 reduces stress peaks at the rear end of the metal sleeve 6
- FIG. 8 illustrated annular elevation was generated as a constriction on the metal sleeve.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrated embodiments may be additionally provided at its rear end with one or two cuts 12, as in relation to FIG. 6 was explained.
- the metal sleeve 6 at its rear end have a reduced wall thickness.
- the angle of the glow plug 5 smaller than the angle of the metal shell 6, it is achieved that the ratio of the inner radius of the metal shell 6 at the beginning of the tapered end portion 6a to the inner radius at the rear end of the metal shell 6 is greater than the ratio before being pressed the radii of the glow plug 5 is at the two corresponding points at which abut the beginning of the tapered end portion 6a and the end of the metal sleeve 6 after pressing.
- FIG. 9 A corresponding embodiment of a glow plug is shown schematically in FIG FIG. 9 shown. For clarity, the contours are in FIG. 9 not to scale, but clearly exaggerated. The region 5a 'covered by the end portion 6a of the metal shell 6 is in FIG. 9 hatched highlighted.
- a cone which affects the end points of the annular regions of the glow plug 5 at the beginning and at the end of the section 6a covered by the end section 6a metal sleeve 6 ', then has a chamfer angle between 5 ° and 10 °.
- FIG. 10 shows examples of the course of the prevailing between the metal sleeve 6 and the glow plug 5 pressure in the tapered end portion 6a of the metal sleeve 6th
- the pressure in MPa is plotted over the distance of the end section 6a in arbitrary units.
- the rear end of the metal shell 6 gives the zero point of the X-axis, the front end of the tapered portion of the metal shell the value 4 on the X-axis.
- the curve A describes the pressure curve for a metal sleeve 6 with a conically shaped end portion 6a according to FIG. 5 in which a glow plug 5 is pressed, the end portion of which tapers at the same angle.
- the curve B shows a force curve for a glow plug 5, which according to the in FIG. 9 illustrated embodiment in a region 5a ', which is covered by the end portion 6a of the metal sleeve 6, a concave in longitudinal section surface. This glow plug 5 was pressed into a metal sleeve 6, which tapers conically less quickly towards its end, as shown by FIG. 9 was explained.
- the curve C indicates the pressure curve for a metal sleeve 6, which has recesses 12 in its end portion 6a, to avoid pressure peaks. Unlike the in FIG. 6 illustrated embodiment while recesses 12 were provided at both ends of the tapered end portion 6a.
- FIG. 11 shows an embodiment for connecting the glow plug 5 to the metallic conductor 4 of the glow plug.
- a contact pin 13 can be placed on the tip of the glow plug 5, which is connected via a plug connection to the inner conductor 4, as shown schematically in FIG FIG. 11 is shown.
- the contact pin 13 can be advantageously placed on the glow plug 5, after which it was pressed into the metal sleeve 6.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Glühkerze mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a glow plug with the features specified in the preamble of
Eine derartige Glühkerze ist aus der
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, wie die Herstellung einer Glühkerze der eingangs genannten Art vereinfacht und Kurzschlüsse besser vermieden werden können.The object of the invention is how the production of a glow plug of the type mentioned simplifies and short circuits can be better avoided.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Glühkerze mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by a glow plug having the features specified in
Bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Glühkerze ist der Glühstift in die Metallhülse eingepresst. Durch das Einpressen kann kostengünstig eine zuverlässige und robuste Verbindung zwischen dem keramischen Glühstift und der Metallhülse geschaffen werden. Vorteilhaft wird auf diese Weise eine einfache und kostengünstige Herstellung der Glühkerze sowie eine Verbesserung der zentrischen Lage, Koaxialität und der Längenmaßhaltigkeit ermöglicht. Die Gefahr von Kurzschlüssen durch Lötbrücken kann dabei vermieden werden. Zudem kann mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Glühkerze eine erhöhte Lebensdauer erzielt werden. Beim Löten treten nämlich wegen unterschiedlicher Ausdehnungskoeffizienten von Metallhülse, Lotmaterial und Glühstift hohe mechanische Spannungen auf, die Rissbildung begünstigen und deshalb zu einem vorzeitigen Ausfall der Glühkerze führen können. Insbesondere eine ungleichmäßige Benetzung mit Lotmaterial kann wegen unterschiedlicher thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizienten von Metallhülse, Lotmaterial und Glühstift Schubkräfte bewirken, die Risse erzeugen. Temperaturbedingte Spannungen und die damit verbunden Gefahr einer Rissbildung können erfindungemäß vorteilhaft verhindert werden. Vorteilhaft ist ferner, dass im Betrieb der Brennraumdruck in Einpressrichtung wirkt und deshalb den Presssitz stabilisiert.In a glow plug according to the invention, the glow plug is pressed into the metal sleeve. By pressing a reliable and robust connection between the ceramic glow plug and the metal sleeve can be created inexpensively. Advantageously, a simple and inexpensive production of the glow plug and an improvement of the centric position, coaxiality and the Längenmaßhaltigkeit allows in this way. The risk of short circuits through solder bridges can be avoided. In addition, an increased life can be achieved with a glow plug according to the invention. When soldering occur because of different expansion coefficients of metal sleeve, solder material and glow plug high mechanical stresses that promote cracking and therefore can lead to premature failure of the glow plug. In particular, a non-uniform wetting with solder material can cause shear forces that cause cracks because of different thermal expansion coefficients of metal sleeve, solder material and glow plug. Temperature-related stresses and the risk of cracking associated therewith can advantageously be prevented according to the invention. It is also advantageous that, during operation, the combustion chamber pressure acts in the press-fit direction and therefore stabilizes the press fit.
Der keramische Glühstift hat bevorzugt einen keramischen Innenleiter und einen keramischen Außenleiter, zwischen denen ein keramischer Isolator angeordnet ist. Ein derartiger Glühstift kann beispielsweise durch Brennen eines extrudierten Grünkörpers kostengünstig hergestellt werden. Die Metallhülse kann vorteilhaft zum kontaktieren des Außenleiters verwendet werden, so dass dieser über das Kerzengehäuse auf Masse gelegt werden kann. Alternativ kann jedoch auch ein keramischer Glühstift verwendet werden, der einen metallischen Heizleiter aufweist, der in einem Keramikkörper eingebettet ist.The ceramic glow plug preferably has a ceramic inner conductor and a ceramic outer conductor, between which a ceramic insulator is arranged. Such a glow plug can be produced inexpensively, for example, by firing an extruded green body. The metal sleeve can be advantageously used to contact the outer conductor, so that it can be placed on the plug housing to ground. Alternatively, however, a ceramic glow plug may be used, which has a metallic heating conductor, which is embedded in a ceramic body.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass wenigstens eine ringförmige Erhebung eine lokale Erhöhung des Pressdrucks zwischen dem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt der Metallhülse und dem davon bedeckten Abschnitt des Glühstifts bewirkt. Die ringförmige Erhebung kann an einer Innenfläche der Metallhülse oder an dem Glühstift vorgesehen sein. Durch eine solche ringförmige Erhebung kann lokal eine erhöhte Kraft zwischen der Metallhülse und dem Glühstift bewirkt werden. Vorteilhaft lässt sich auf diese Weise eine verbesserte Abdichtung zwischen Glühstift und Metallhülse erreichen. Dies ist insbesondere bei Druckmessglühkerzen vorteilhaft, da ein Einsickern von Gasen aus dem Brennraum möglichst vermieden werden soll und deshalb eine möglichst dichte Verbindung des Glühstifts mit der Metallhülse wünschenswert ist. Ein weiterer Vorteil von einer oder mehreren ringförmigen Erhebungen besteht darin, dass die Endkante der Metallhülse mit einer geringeren Kraft auf den Glühstift presst. Dadurch kann die Gefahr einer Beschädigung des Glühstifts beim Einpressen vorteilhaft reduziert werden.An advantageous development of the invention provides that at least one annular elevation a local increase in the pressing pressure between the tapered portion of the metal sleeve and the covered portion of the glow plug causes. The annular protrusion may be provided on an inner surface of the metal shell or on the glow plug. By such an annular elevation locally increased force between the metal sleeve and the glow plug can be effected. Advantageously, an improved seal between glow plug and metal sleeve can be achieved in this way. This is particularly advantageous in Druckmessglühkerzen as seepage of gases from the combustion chamber should be avoided as possible and therefore a dense connection of the glow plug with the metal sleeve is desirable. Another advantage of one or more annular bumps is that the end edge of the metal sleeve presses on the glow plug with less force. As a result, the risk of damage to the glow plug during pressing can be advantageously reduced.
Der sich verjüngende Abschnitt des Glühstifts hat bevorzugt einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt. Im Prinzip kann der sich verjüngende Abschnitt des Glühstifts aber auch kantig, beispielsweise ähnlich einer Pyramide, geformt sein.The tapered portion of the glow plug preferably has a circular cross section. In principle, however, the tapering section of the glow plug can also be shaped like an edged, for example similar to a pyramid.
Der sich verjüngende Abschnitt der Metallhülse und der sich verjüngende Abschnitt des Glühstifts können konisch geformt sein, also die Form eines Kegelstumpfes haben. Alternativ kann jedoch auch eine konkave Form gewählt werden. Beispielsweise kann der Glühstift in seinem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt eine im Längsschnitt konkave Oberfläche aufweisen, die beispielsweise in einen konisch geformten Endabschnitt der Metallhülse gepresst werden kann. Durch die konkave Form kann erreicht werden, dass sich beim Einpressen der Winkel der Kontaktfläche kontinuierlich verändert und so die Gefahr einer Beschädigung des Glühstifts reduziert werden. Eine konkave Oberfläche kann bei einem Glühstift beispielsweise durch schleifende Bearbeitung erreicht werden.The tapered portion of the metal sleeve and the tapered portion of the glow plug may be conically shaped, so have the shape of a truncated cone. Alternatively, however, a concave shape can also be selected. For example, the glow plug in its tapered portion having a concave in longitudinal section surface, which can be pressed, for example, in a conically shaped end portion of the metal sleeve. Due to the concave shape, the angle of the contact surface can be continuously changed during the pressing in, thus reducing the risk of damage to the glow plug. A concave surface can be achieved in a glow pencil, for example by grinding machining.
Ist der sich verjüngende Abschnitt des Glühstifts konisch ausgebildet, so ist für die Abschrägung der konischen Verjüngung in Bezug auf die Längsrichtung ein Winkel von 5° bis 10° bevorzugt. Dies bedeutet, dass der Quotient aus der Abnahme des Radius des Glühstifts in seinem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt und der Länge des sich verjüngenden Abschnitts zwischen 0,08 und 0,18 beträgt. Dieser Bereich für den Quotienten aus der Abnahme des Radius in dem sich konisch verjüngenden Abschnitts und der Länge des sich verjüngenden Abschnitts ist auch für Glühstifte bevorzugt, bei denen der sich verjüngende Abschnitt nicht konisch geformt ist, sondern beispielsweise konkave geformt ist und/oder ringförmige Erhebungen aufweist. Die Abnahme des Radius ist dabei die Differenz zwischen dem Radius am Anfang des von dem sich verjüngenden Endabschnitt der Metallhülse bedeckten Glühstiftabschnitts und dem Radius am hinteren Ende des von der Metallhülse bedeckten Glühstiftabschnitts.If the tapered portion of the glow plug is tapered, an angle of 5 ° to 10 ° is preferred for the taper of the conical taper with respect to the longitudinal direction. This means that the quotient of the decrease in the radius of the glow plug in its tapered portion and the length of the tapered portion is between 0.08 and 0.18. This range for the quotient of the decrease of the radius in the conically tapering section and the length of the tapered section is also preferred for glow plugs, wherein the tapered portion is not conically shaped, but for example, is concave shaped and / or has annular elevations. The decrease of the radius is the difference between the radius at the beginning of the glow plug section covered by the tapered end section of the metal sleeve and the radius at the rear end of the glow plug section covered by the metal sleeve.
Der sich verjüngende Abschnitt der Metallhülse ist bevorzugt mindestens ebenso lang wie der Durchmesser der Metallhülse an ihrer breitesten Stelle.The tapered portion of the metal shell is preferably at least as long as the diameter of the metal shell at its widest point.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zum Verbinden eines Stifts aus einer Funktionskeramik mit einer Metallhülse, die einen sich verjüngenden Endabschnitt aufweist, wobei der Stift mit einem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt in die Metallhülse eingepresst wird, so dass der sich verjüngenden Abschnitt des Stifts von dem sich verjüngenden Endabschnitt der Metallhülse bedeckt ist. Dabei genügt es, wenn ein Teil des sich verjüngenden Abschnitts des Stifts von der Hülse bedeckt ist. Beim Einpressen des Stifts wird die Metallhülse elastisch und/oder plastisch verformt. Der eingepresste Stift ist bevorzugt ein keramischer Glühstift, kann aber beispielsweise auch zu einem Gas- oder Temperatursensor gehören.The present invention further relates to a method for connecting a functional ceramic ceramic stylus to a metal sleeve having a tapered end portion, the pin having a tapered portion being press-fitted into the metal sleeve such that the tapered portion of the stylus is tapered tapered end portion of the metal sleeve is covered. It is sufficient if a part of the tapered portion of the pin is covered by the sleeve. When pressing the pin, the metal sleeve is elastically and / or plastically deformed. The pressed-in pin is preferably a ceramic glow plug, but may for example also belong to a gas or temperature sensor.
Bevorzugt wird der keramische Stift in eine erhitzte Metallhülse eingepresst. Auf diese Weise kann die Einpresskraft vorteilhaft reduziert werden. Indem sich die Metallhülse anschließend abkühlt und dabei zusammenzieht, ergeben sich vorteilhaft eine Erhöhung der Haltekraft und damit eine verbesserte Abdichtung zwischen Stift und Metallhülse.Preferably, the ceramic pin is pressed into a heated metal sleeve. In this way, the press-in force can be advantageously reduced. By the metal sleeve then cools and contracts it is advantageous to increase the holding force and thus an improved seal between the pin and metal sleeve.
Bei der Erläuterung der vorliegenden Erfindung wird die im Betrieb dem Brennraum zugewandte Seite als vordere Seite und die im Betrieb dem Brennraum abgewandte Seite als hintere Seite eines Bauteils bezeichnet.In the explanation of the present invention, the side facing the combustion chamber during operation is referred to as the front side and the side facing away from the combustion chamber in operation as the rear side of a component.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung werden an Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Abbildungen erläutert. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Glüh- kerze;
Figur 2- ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Metallhülse mit eingepresstem Glühstift und Innenleiter;
Figur 3- den Innenleiter des in
gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiels;Figur 2 Figur 4- eine Detailansicht zu
;Figur 2 Figur 5- eine Detailansicht des Endabschnitts der Metallhülse;
Figur 6- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Metallhülse;
Figur 7- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Metallhülse;
Figur 8- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der Metallhülse;
Figur 9- ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Glühstifts;
Figur 10- Beispiele von Druckverläufen im Endabschnitt der Metallhülse; und
Figur 11- ein Ausführungsbeispiel zum Anschluss des Glühstifts an den metalli- schen Innenleiter der Glühkerze.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic representation of an embodiment of a glow plug;
- FIG. 2
- An embodiment of a metal sleeve with pressed glow pin and inner conductor;
- FIG. 3
- the inner conductor of the in
FIG. 2 shown embodiment; - FIG. 4
- a detailed view too
FIG. 2 ; - FIG. 5
- a detailed view of the end portion of the metal sleeve;
- FIG. 6
- a further embodiment of the metal sleeve;
- FIG. 7
- a further embodiment of the metal sleeve;
- FIG. 8
- a further embodiment of the metal sleeve;
- FIG. 9
- an embodiment of the glow plug;
- FIG. 10
- Examples of pressure gradients in the end portion of the metal sleeve; and
- FIG. 11
- an embodiment for connecting the glow plug to the metallic inner conductor of the glow plug.
In
Die Metallhülse 6 ist bevorzugt in das Gehäuse eingepresst, kann jedoch beispielsweise auch mit dem Gehäuse 1 verlötet oder verschweißt sein. Der stabförmige metallische Innenleiter 4 weist an seinem vorderen Ende eine Öffnung auf, in die das hintere Ende des Glühstifts 5 hineinragt. Bevorzugt ist das hintere Ende des Glühstifts 5 in den Innenleiter 4 eingepresst. Möglich ist es aber auch, den Innenleiter 4 mit dem Glühstift zu verlöten.The
Der keramische Glühstift 5 besteht bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel aus einem keramischen Innenleiter 8 und einem keramischen Außenleiter 9, zwischen denen ein keramischer Isolator 10 angeordnet ist. Der keramische Innenleiter 8 und der keramische Außenleiter 9 sind durch einen keramischen Heizwiderstand an der Glühspitze 7 miteinander elektrisch leitend verbunden. Die Metallhülse 6 kontaktiert elektrisch den Außenleiter 9 des Glühstifts 5 und kann über das Gehäuse 1 auf Massepotential gelegt werden. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Metallhülse 6 deshalb sowohl Kontaktrohr als auch Schutzrohr. Alternativ ist es aber beispielsweise auch möglich ein Kontaktrohr oder einen Kontaktring aufzupressen und an einem Schutzrohr zu befestigen, beispielsweise durch Laserschweißen.The
Das vordere Ende des Glühstifts 5 mit der Glühspitze 7 ist in
Wie insbesondere in
Die Glühspitze 7 des in
Der sich verjüngende Endabschnitt 6a der Metallhülse 6 und der von ihm bedeckte Abschnitt des Glühstifts 5 können konisch geformt sein. Ein Beispiel eines konisch geformten Endabschnitts 6a der Metallhülse 6 ist in
Um die Belastung des Glühstifts 5 zu reduzieren und eine besonders feste Verbindung zu erreichen, kann die Metallhülse 6 an ihrem hinteren Ende einen oder mehrere Einschnitte aufweisen. Ein entsprechendes Ausführungsbeispiel ist in
In
Die in
Bei einer konischen Form der sich verjüngenden Abschnitte 5a, 6a der Metallhülse 6 und des Glühstifts 5 sind Winkel der Mantelfläche in Bezug auf die Längsrichtung von 5° bis 10° besonderes vorteilhaft. Falls sowohl der sich verjüngende Abschnitt 6a der Metallhülse 6 als auch der sich verjüngende Abschnitt 5a des Glühstifts 5 konisch geformt sind, kann die Dichtwirkung zwischen dem Glühstift 5 und der Metallhülse 6 erhöht werden, indem der Winkel des Glühstifts 5 kleiner gewählt wird als der Winkel der Metallhülse 6, in die der Glühstift eingepresst wird. Um die verbesserte Dichtung zu erzielen, genügt eine Winkeldifferenz von einem Grad oder weniger, beispielsweise 0,1° bis 1°.In a conical shape of the
Indem der Winkel des Glühstifts 5 kleiner als der Winkel der Metallhülse 6 gewählt wird, wird erreicht, dass vor dem Einpressen das Verhältnis des Innenradius der Metallhülse 6 am Anfang des sich verjüngenden Endabschnitts 6a zu dem Innenradius am hinteren Ende der Metallhülse 6 größer als das Verhältnis der Radien des Glühstifts 5 an den beiden entsprechenden Stellen ist, an denen nach dem Einpressen der Anfang des sich verjüngenden Endabschnitts 6a und das Ende der Metallhülse 6 anliegen. Dies bewirkt vorteilhaft einen erhöhten Druck am Ende des Endabschnitts 6a der Metallhülse 6 und damit eine gute Dichtwirkung.By selecting the angle of the
Anstatt konisch geformte Abschnitte 5a, 6a der Metallhülse 6 und des Glühstifts 5 mit unterschiedlichen Winkeln zu verwenden, kann derselbe Effekt auch erzielt werden, indem ein Glühstift 5 verwendet wird, dessen sich verjüngende Abschnitt 5a in dem von dem Endabschnitt 6a der Metallhülse 6 bedeckten Bereich 5a' eine im Längsschnitt konkave Oberfläche aufweist. Ein entsprechendes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Glühstifts ist schematisch in
Bei dem in
Die Kurve A beschreibt den Druckverlauf für eine Metallhülse 6 mit einem konisch geformten Endabschnitt 6a gemäß
- 11
- Gehäusecasing
- 22
- Außengewindeexternal thread
- 33
- Sechskanthexagon
- 44
- metallischer Innenleitermetallic inner conductor
- 55
- GlühstiftGlow plug
- 5a5a
- Abschnittsection
- 5a'5a '
- Teilbereich von 5aPart of 5a
- 66
- Metallhülsemetal sleeve
- 6a6a
- Abschnittsection
- 77
- Glühspitzeglow tip
- 88th
- keramischer Innenleiterceramic inner conductor
- 99
- keramischer Außenleiterceramic outer conductor
- 1010
- Isolatorinsulator
- 1111
- Erhebungsurvey
- 1212
- Einschnittincision
- 1313
- Kontaktpincontact pin
Claims (13)
einem Gehäuse (1), in dem ein Innenleiter (4) angeordnet ist,
einer Metallhülse (6), die in dem Gehäuse (1) steckt, und
einem keramischen Glühstift (5), der in der Metallhülse (6) angeordnet ist,
wobei der Glühstift (5) mit seinen beiden Enden aus der Metallhülse (6) herausragt und mit seinem hinteren Ende an den Innenleiter (4) angeschlossen ist, und wobei die Metallhülse (6) an ihrem hinteren Ende einen sich verjüngenden Abschnitt (6a) aufweist, der einen sich verjüngenden Abschnitt (5a) des Glühstifts (5) umschließt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Glühstift (5) in die Metallhülse (6) eingepresst ist.Glow plug with
a housing (1) in which an inner conductor (4) is arranged,
a metal sleeve (6) inserted in the housing (1), and
a ceramic glow plug (5), which is arranged in the metal sleeve (6),
wherein the glow plug (5) protrudes with its two ends of the metal sleeve (6) and is connected at its rear end to the inner conductor (4), and wherein the metal sleeve (6) at its rear end has a tapered portion (6a) which encloses a tapered portion (5a) of the glow plug (5),
characterized in that the glow plug (5) is pressed into the metal sleeve (6).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009048643A DE102009048643B4 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2009-09-30 | Glow plug and method for connecting a pin made of a functional ceramic with a metal sleeve |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2306089A2 true EP2306089A2 (en) | 2011-04-06 |
EP2306089A3 EP2306089A3 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
Family
ID=43428490
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10008411A Withdrawn EP2306089A3 (en) | 2009-09-30 | 2010-08-12 | Glow plug and method for connecting a pin made of ceramic with a metal casing |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8471180B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2306089A3 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101674368B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009048643B4 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2010139807A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014206845A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sheathed glow plug |
EP3064834A4 (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2017-06-21 | Kyocera Corporation | Heater and glow plug |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009056057B4 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2016-04-21 | Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh | Glow plug and method for its production |
JP6154652B2 (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2017-06-28 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Glow plug with combustion pressure sensor |
DE102013212298A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | glow plug |
DE102013112806B4 (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-06-23 | Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh | Method for producing a glow plug |
EP3113575B1 (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2019-12-18 | Kyocera Corporation | Heater and glowplug |
US10514017B2 (en) | 2017-03-21 | 2019-12-24 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Internal combustion engine with igniter cooling sleeve |
Citations (1)
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DE102006016566A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-29 | Beru Ag | Composite conductor, in particular for glow plugs for diesel engines |
Family Cites Families (13)
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JPS5952726B2 (en) * | 1981-06-24 | 1984-12-21 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | How to connect a glow tube to a sheathed glow plug mounting bracket |
JPH07103478A (en) * | 1993-10-04 | 1995-04-18 | Nippondenso Co Ltd | Glow plug |
US5880432A (en) * | 1996-12-23 | 1999-03-09 | Le-Mark International Ltd. | Electric heating device with ceramic heater wedgingly received within a metalic body |
EP0903541B1 (en) * | 1997-09-19 | 2004-11-17 | Denso Corporation | Glow plug |
JP3880275B2 (en) * | 2000-02-29 | 2007-02-14 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Ceramic heater and glow plug using the ceramic heater |
JP3589206B2 (en) * | 2000-10-17 | 2004-11-17 | 株式会社ボッシュオートモーティブシステム | Ceramic heater type glow plug and method of manufacturing the same. |
JP4632565B2 (en) * | 2001-03-09 | 2011-02-16 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Ceramic heater device and manufacturing method thereof |
JP4562315B2 (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2010-10-13 | 日本特殊陶業株式会社 | Ceramic heater, ceramic heater manufacturing method, and glow plug |
JP2003130349A (en) * | 2001-10-24 | 2003-05-08 | Denso Corp | Glow plug |
JP2003166715A (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-13 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Glow plug |
JP4093175B2 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2008-06-04 | 株式会社デンソー | Glow plug |
JP2005180855A (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-07-07 | Bosch Automotive Systems Corp | Ceramic heater type glow plug |
DE102005051817B4 (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-06-05 | Beru Ag | Pressure measuring glow device, in particular pressure measuring glow plug |
-
2009
- 2009-09-30 DE DE102009048643A patent/DE102009048643B4/en active Active
-
2010
- 2010-08-12 EP EP10008411A patent/EP2306089A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-09-01 US US12/873,482 patent/US8471180B2/en active Active
- 2010-09-29 RU RU2010139807/06A patent/RU2010139807A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-09-29 KR KR1020100094198A patent/KR101674368B1/en active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006016566A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-29 | Beru Ag | Composite conductor, in particular for glow plugs for diesel engines |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014206845A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sheathed glow plug |
EP3064834A4 (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2017-06-21 | Kyocera Corporation | Heater and glow plug |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2306089A3 (en) | 2012-01-18 |
KR20110035958A (en) | 2011-04-06 |
RU2010139807A (en) | 2012-04-10 |
DE102009048643A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
KR101674368B1 (en) | 2016-11-22 |
DE102009048643B4 (en) | 2013-11-28 |
US20120043309A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
US8471180B2 (en) | 2013-06-25 |
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