Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
  • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
  • B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
  • B22D41/01—Heating means
  • B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
  • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
  • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/02—Details
  • H05B3/03—Electrodes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
  • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
  • H05B3/78—Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
  • H05B3/82—Fixedly-mounted immersion heaters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
  • C22B21/0084—Obtaining aluminium melting and handling molten aluminium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
  • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
  • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
  • F27D2099/0008—Resistor heating
  • F27D2099/0011—The resistor heats a radiant tube or surface
  • F27D2099/0013—The resistor heats a radiant tube or surface immersed in the charge

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal.
• a device for heating a bath of liquid metal.
• Such a device is therefore associated with a tank whose content is molten metal, including alloys or pure metals of aluminum, magnesium, zinc or white metals.
• Such a device comprises a heating element called high-flow thermo-plunger.
• the invention relates more particularly to a device in which the immersion heater is movable in translation, so as to make it easy to leave the tank and thus facilitate the cleaning operations necessary for its maintenance.
• the heating devices of a bath of liquid metal comprise a thermo-plunger partially immersed inside the bath of liquid metal.
• one of the ends is immersed inside the tank and is directly in contact with the liquid metal, while the other end emerges from the tank so as to allow its power supply.
• thermo-plunger when the level of the tank descends, impurities or dirt then come to stick on the heating fraction emerging from the thermo-plunger. Such devices therefore have very sensitive yields to the cleanliness of their immersion heater. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly clean the thermo-plunger in order to remove the dross and thus avoid the fall of its operating efficiency.
• Steel risers are sometimes used to reach a bath of liquid metal in tanks or deep pockets. However, these tubes can not come into contact with the molten metal and therefore do not fully immerse the thermo-divers inside the liquid metal bath.
• thermo-divers are no longer mobile in translation and it is no longer necessary to clean them regularly. Indeed, since they always remain completely immersed inside the tank with a minimum level of low metal, the dirt present on the surface of the bath are less likely to redeposit on the immersion heaters.
• thermo-plunger require sealing at the wall of the tank to prevent the molten metal out through the orifice in which the thermo-plunger is introduced.
• a device must still undergo maintenance operations, and it is also possible that the thermo-plunger fails and must be changed.
• the disassembly operation of the thermo-plunger with respect to the tank is very long to implement and requires significant resources. Indeed, a screwed plate keeps the thermo-plunger in position in the tank and a seal participates in the seal. This seal must be broken at each disassembly operation.
• the object of the invention is to allow heating of a bath of liquid metal by means of a thermo-plunger having an optimum efficiency, while facilitating the maintenance operations, or even replacement of the immersion heater if necessary.
• heating devices are also known, as described in document FR 795 666, for heating salt in the liquid state by means of a metal heating element.
• This type of heating element is without a protective sheath made of ceramic material and does not have a pfd equivalent to that of the high-flow heat sinkers.
• this type of heating device is not suitable for heating liquid metal bath since the level of corrosion of a bath of liquid metal is unparalleled compared to that of a molten salt bath. Likewise, the pfd required to maintain a bath of molten metal is much greater than that required to maintain a bath of liquid salt.
• a second object of the invention is to provide a heating device adapted to the corrosion level specific to liquid metal baths and having a pfd sufficient to maintain the temperature of these baths.
• the invention therefore relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal.
• a device for heating a bath of liquid metal can be moved relative to a vessel containing the liquid metal and comprise at least one high-flow heat sink for heating the liquid metal.
• thermo-plunger is secured, at one of its ends, to a connecting mast partially immersed in the bath of liquid metal. The thermo-plunger is then totally immersed in the bath.
• thermo-plunger is attached to a connecting mast so as to allow its total immersion inside the bath.
• the connecting mast is not or not very warm.
• the heating is performed in the lower part of the tank, which promotes the homogeneity of the bath temperature.
• One end of the thermo-plunger is thus secured to the connecting mast which may have different sections and dimensions, depending in particular on the type of thermo-plunger used, its position relative to the connecting mast or the number of thermo-plunger - rodents associated with it.
• the thermo-plunger can be arranged axially with respect to the connecting mast.
• the connecting mast can also serve as an extension to include heating a tank or pocket of great depth. It can also limit the length of the thermo-divers since they are then fully immersed and heat the metal bath with increased efficiency compared to thermo-divers a heating portion emerges from the bath.
• Such an embodiment may in particular be advantageous for heating a metal bath whose level remains constant, especially in a transport pocket for maintaining the metal in the liquid state between the production site and a site of use.
• thermo-plunger can be arranged radially with respect to the connecting mast.
• this embodiment makes it possible to position an immersion heater at the lowest point of the bath of molten metal. It can then be used for example in a pocket whose level varies to heat with the same efficiency a metal bath whatever the amount of metal present in the pocket.
• the device may comprise several heat-divers connected to the same connection mast.
• the heat-divers can be angularly distributed of the same value around the connecting mast. Therefore, the thermo-divers are regularly arranged radially around the connecting mast.
• the heat-divers can be distributed vertically on the connecting mast so as to heat the liquid metal at different depths. In this way, the heat-divers can be arranged parallel to one above the other, but may also have different orientations so as to promote the homogeneity of the temperature of the liquid metal bath.
• a connecting mast can comprise several stages each comprising small heat-divers.
• the connecting mast may comprise arrangements intended to cooperate with the bottom of the tank.
• the connecting mast comes into contact with the bottom of the tank.
• This embodiment further simplifies the positioning in depth of the thermo-divers inside the tank. Indeed, it is then preferable to enslave the translational movement of the connecting mast to know precisely its position.
• the device may comprise two masts each secured with one end of the same thermo-plunger.
• thermo-plunger is held at both ends at a connecting mast. It is therefore firmly supported and is not subject to bracing on its own weight.
• each of its ends may have an electrical connection going up through each of the connecting masts.
• thermo-plunger may be arranged substantially perpendicular to the axis of the connecting mast.
• the orientation of the thermo-plunger is substantially horizontal inside the vessel. This positioning is particularly interesting to position the immersion heater closer to the bottom of the tank when it is also horizontal.
• the heat sink may extend substantially parallel to the bottom of the tank.
• thermo-plunger may comprise a section of between 10 and 65 mm in diameter.
• thermo-divers of all types including those designated by the name of
• thermo-divers The size of the connecting mast is then adapted according to the size of the associated thermo-divers.
• the connecting mast may comprise a heating portion. This portion is then obtained by means of the connections which go up inside its structure. However, the flow released by this heating portion will be described as “low flow” in opposition to the term “high flow” designating the heating portion of the thermo-plunger.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are sectional views according to a first embodiment of a heating device of a bath of liquid metal, according to the invention
• FIG. 3 to 5 are sectional views according to a second embodiment of a heating device of a bath of liquid metal, according to the invention; - Figures 6 to 8 are different variants according to the second embodiment of the heating device according to the invention. Way of describing the invention
• the invention relates to a device for heating a bath of liquid metal.
• the device (1) comprises a connecting mast (18) to which is reported a high-flow heat sink (4).
• the thermo-plunger (4) is totally immersed inside the liquid metal bath (2) contained in the tank (3).
• the connecting mast (18) is partially submerged.
• the connecting mast (18) is formed by a hollow cylinder of refractory material adapted to the alloy used, for example ceramic.
• the end (6) is then fitted inside a housing formed in the connecting mast (18).
• the end (7) is, in this representation, left free inside the liquid metal bath (2).
• thermo-plunger (4) is arranged axially with respect to the connecting mast (18).
• a bonding intermediate (10) may in particular enable the thermo-plunger (4) to be secured to the connecting mast (18) between two opposite cylindrical surfaces.
• thermo-plunger (14) has a section greater than that of the connecting mast (28).
• a housing is provided inside the thermo-plunger (14) at its end (6) and the connecting mast (28) is inserted so as to keep the thermo-plunger (14) completely immersed in the bath (2) liquid metal.
• thermo-plunger of larger section may in particular allow to increase the flow.
• thermo-plunger (4) may also be arranged radially with respect to a connecting mast (38). In this way, it can be positioned parallel by relative to the bottom of the tank (3) and stay totally immersed in the metal bath
• the connecting mast (38) is hollow and has a housing in which is introduced the thermo-plunger (4).
• a gluing intermediate can also make it possible to secure the two parts together.
• the connecting mast (48) is inserted into a housing at one end (6) of the thermo-plunger (14) having a section higher.
• the connecting mast (58) has in this case an arrangement (9) adapted to cooperate with the bottom (11) of the vessel (3).
• it is also provided with a connector (19) capable of allowing the thermo-plunger (4) to be secured to the connecting mast (58).
• the rectified machining of the orifice in which is housed the end (6) of the thermo-plunger (4) is made in an independent piece and easily adaptable on the machines usually used in machining.
• a connecting mast (68) can be equipped with four thermo-plungers positioned diametrically opposite to the axis of the thermo-plunger. In this way, the heat generated by the thermo-divers (4) rises all around the connecting mast (68).
• the heat sink (4) can be positioned one above the other on a connecting mast (78). In this representation, they are arranged in a parallel manner. However, we can also consider orienting them in different directions.
• thermo-plunger (4) can be secured to two connecting masts (88, 98) at each of its ends (6) and (7).
• Such a configuration also makes it possible to stiffen the structure of the device and to avoid the problems of breakage of the thermo-divers.
• thermo-plunger • It prevents the deposit of dirt on the thermo-plunger, and thus reduce maintenance and cleaning operations

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Resistance Heating (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

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Citations (2)

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• 2008
  • 2008-04-15 EP EP08788181A patent/EP2291255A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-04-15 WO PCT/FR2008/050665 patent/WO2009127793A1/fr active Application Filing

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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