EP2289605A1 - Transportable water circulation channel - Google Patents

Transportable water circulation channel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2289605A1
EP2289605A1 EP10171722A EP10171722A EP2289605A1 EP 2289605 A1 EP2289605 A1 EP 2289605A1 EP 10171722 A EP10171722 A EP 10171722A EP 10171722 A EP10171722 A EP 10171722A EP 2289605 A1 EP2289605 A1 EP 2289605A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
water circulation
flow
circulation channel
channel
pump
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EP10171722A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2289605B1 (en
Inventor
Wigand Dipl.-Ing. Fitzner
Klaus Dr. Döge
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TZ TECHNISCHES ZENTRUM ENTWICKLUNGS- & HANDELSGESE
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Technisches Zentrum Entwicklungs- & Handelsgesellschaft Mbh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/12Arrangements in swimming pools for teaching swimming or for training
    • A63B69/125Devices for generating a current of water in swimming pools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a portable, compact water circulation channel, which consists of a swimming pool with free water surface and integrated measuring section, an intermediate floor and a return flow, wherein the swimming pool is separated from the return flow channel by means of an intermediate floor.
  • Water circulation ducts are used for carrying out flow tests, for training purposes for athletes, preferably by swimmers, but also canoeists or for therapeutic applications in the healing treatment.
  • the water flowing in the channel opens up possibilities for training and rehabilitation, which are not given in standing water.
  • the flowing water has a gentle massage effect that works evenly and intensively on the entire body surface.
  • flow channels have become an indispensable training tool and ergometer.
  • the swimmer does not move from the spot, this allows the coach to accurately analyze the movements of the swimmer and give the athlete hints for an optimized movement.
  • the water circulation channel has a substantially uniform velocity distribution orthogonal to the main flow of water.
  • An almost constant flow velocity of the water over the entire depth, in which the float moves, is a prerequisite for a realistic replica of swimming in stagnant water.
  • flow channels offer the possibility to carry out a particularly gentle training of the rehabilitants.
  • the flowing water causes uniformly distributed pressures and stresses on the body in the water.
  • the even distribution of the load is very gentle on the joints, so that can be started at a very early stage with load training.
  • the flow velocity By adjusting the flow velocity accordingly, the load can be precisely metered, unlike when training outside the water, where always the full gravitational force acts on the body.
  • the patent CH 176 562 A There is a swimming pool, which is flowed through by circulating and adjustable in its speed water, so that it can be swum in the flowing water.
  • the basin is divided by an intermediate floor in an upper space for receiving the float and in a lower space for at least one water screw.
  • the basin is divided by two intermediate walls parallel to the outer walls into a space between the intermediate walls for receiving the float and two spaces between the intermediate walls and the outer walls for the drive means for generating the flow. For the deflection of the flow at the beginning and end of the partition walls no special technical means are required.
  • DE 22 22 594 A1 is described a swimming pool with a circulating flow, in which the water flows in through a Wassereinström representation and passes through a permeable pool floor in the water return system. Due to the fact that the water passes into the water return system via the permeable pool bottom, a drop in the flow velocity occurs in the swimming pool in the direction of flow. However, over the cross section of the swimming pool, perpendicular to the main flow direction of the water, an approximately constant velocity distribution should be present.
  • Axial pumps are small diameter in parallel with nozzles and diffusers, which convert the flow from about square to circular cross-section and vice versa, known.
  • the nozzles are designed with a length of 0.4 to 0.7 times and the diffusers with a length of 1.5 to 2.5 times the clear pump inside diameter. With a control device is ensures that all pumps are brought to the same volume flow rate.
  • Axial pumps which are arranged in the manner described, are therefore particularly suitable for use in large water circulation channels.
  • the DD 246 462 A1 shows a stabilizing device for high-speed, preferably adjacent and parallel axial thrust pumps with non-rotationally symmetrical transition nozzles, in which a stable and monotonously decreasing delivery height characteristic is achieved by the use of a profile ring as a stabilizer whose ratio of profile thickness to profile length is 0.2 to 0.4 and protrudes into the transition nozzle with about half of its length.
  • the stabilizing effect is achieved by a targeted rotationally symmetric recirculation.
  • a water circulation channel in which the water conveyor is arranged in the horizontal side of the measuring section, wherein the measuring section is connected to at least one return channel via different manifolds.
  • One manifold narrows in the direction of flow along a 90 ° bend and is provided with an accelerator grid, another manifold expands along the second 90 ° bend and is equipped with a retard grid fitted.
  • the delay grid is designed as a composite grid in which the delay of the flow is achieved via two or more delay gratings acting in the composite.
  • the inner wall of the bend and the radii of the blades are determined by the thickness of the false bottom between the measuring section and the return channel. Downstream of each pump is a conventional transition diffuser of round to rectangular cross-section.
  • a flow pool for training swimmers in which the flow channel (with the swimming pool) is arranged above the return flow channel.
  • the separation of the channels is made by a horizontal floor.
  • the pumps are arranged in the return flow channel.
  • the cross-sectional area of the portion of the return flow channel downstream of the pumps increases with increasing distance from the pumps.
  • the deflection of the flow from the flow into the return flow channel and from the return flow through the flow channel takes place by means of a plurality of spaced deflecting vanes, the flow passages being defined by adjacent deflecting vanes or by a respective deflecting vane and the rounded front edge of the bottom or the wall of the flow basin.
  • the presented water circulation channels are consistently very large in size and suitable only for stationary construction. The reason for this is that with large dimensions, a uniform distribution of the flow velocity over the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction in the measuring section can be achieved; Speed differences and vortices are reduced. At the same time, however, large systems require large delivery rates of the pumps because a significant amount of water must be moved through the components to improve the velocity distribution. A high delivery rate of the pumps is also associated with a high demand for electrical energy and associated operating costs.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a compact water circulation channel with a uniform flow velocity distribution orthogonal to the main flow direction of the water, which has dimensions that make it portable and at the same time ensures relatively low operating costs by using small pumps with low drive power. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1; advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.
  • the water circulation channel according to the invention is characterized in that it has at least on the downstream side of the pump, which has at least one impeller and is designed either with or without stator, for deflecting the flow except elbows with blade grids and a deflection channel.
  • This is formed by the rounded end edge of the intermediate bottom and a half-tube, the concave inner side of which encloses the end edge of the intermediate bottom distally.
  • the half tube is positioned so that the cross section of the deflection channel widens from the underside of the intermediate bottom to the top side of the intermediate base.
  • the water deflection channel comprises a short diffuser arranged downstream of the at least one pump and having a plurality of segment plates which are arranged in the flow space of the short diffuser (9) and whose surfaces are aligned parallel to the flow direction.
  • the intermediate floor which separates the swimming pool from the return flow channel, is preferably only a few centimeters thick for weight reasons (complicated lightweight / waffle constructions are ruled out for cost reasons).
  • the intermediate floors In water channels, which are operated stationary, the intermediate floors, however, are usually between 0.5 to 1 m thick, which has the advantage that the usually round running front edges of the intermediate floors have larger radii and therefore the flow exclusively by means of aerodynamically favorable blade grid to the two Transitions from the flow into the return flow and the remindström- can be performed in the flow channel.
  • the water circulation channel according to the invention at least downstream of the pump in addition to the blade lattice and the one deflection channel.
  • the half tube acts as a turning vane.
  • the deflection channel (the turning vane) can be kept very short for reasons of geometry, that is, there is no friction over a large length.
  • both end edges are provided with a deflection channel, wherein the respective half-pipe extends over the entire length of the end edge of the intermediate bottom.
  • the concave inner side of the half tube faces the front edge of the intermediate bottom approximately parallel; the half tube is horizontally and vertically spaced from the end edge.
  • the horizontal distance of the half tube to the end edge of the intermediate bottom is preferably selected such that it corresponds to the radius of the half tube minus half the thickness of the intermediate bottom.
  • the half-tube In the vertical direction, the half-tube is positioned so that the distance between the lower end edge of the half-tube to the bottom of the intermediate bottom is smaller than the distance of the upper end edge of the half-tube to the top of the intermediate bottom.
  • Typical values of a 2 / a 1 are in the range between 1.5 and 2.5. Correspondingly, then the cross-sectional widening is about 10 °, ie, in the longitudinal section of the settlement (the curved portions of the channel are straightened) of the Umlenkkanals the channel walls extend at an angle of 10 ° to each other. At values of a 2 / a 1 ⁇ 1.5, the risk of separation is much lower, so that the calculated angles are then less than 10 °.
  • the water flows into the deflection channel, it is deflected around the front edge of the intermediate bottom (180 °) free of flow and turbulence via the inner surface of the bent half pipe at the front edge of the intermediate bottom. In the remaining (further from the front edge) region of the flow cross-section, the water is deflected by means of blade lattices.
  • transportable water circulation channels have inherently smaller dimensions than stationary ones and the flow velocities over longer lengths self-equalize in water flows, in small transportable water circulation channels alone with the deflection according to the invention (from the flow into the return flow channel and from the return flow into the flow channel) none sufficiently uniform distribution (as in stationary channels) of the flow velocity can be achieved.
  • a short diffuser with a plurality of segment plates (as a segment plate is defined in each case one of the axis to the housing of the short diffuser reaching sheet metal) used.
  • the segment plates in the diffuser cause, first, that in the diffuser by a redistribution of the areas with high flow velocity equalization of the total flow is achieved, and secondly, it is possible to make the diffuser shorter and still achieve stable operating conditions.
  • the diffuser can be made shorter, the more segmental panels are used. So z. B.
  • the square cross section is about twice the clear diameter of the pump required, the length of which is at least twice as large as the diameter of the round cross section , while even with the use of four segment sheets, the length of the diffuser may be shorter than the diameter of the round cross section.
  • the hub on which at least one impeller and possibly the stator of the pump are arranged not as usual, at the level or shortly behind (seen in the direction of flow) end of the pump, but the hub axially into the short diffuser or to pass through it.
  • the hub With small hub ratios, the hub is also formed as a tip. As a result, the generation of vortices / detachments downstream behind the hub is largely prevented, in particular in the case of rotating hubs (to a lesser extent, however, also in the case of non-rotating hubs).
  • the segment plates are preferably arranged radially extending between the hub and the housing of the short diffuser and extend over the entire length of the short diffuser.
  • the number of segment plates is, in order to prevent resonance vibrations, not equal to the number of blades of the impeller or, if present, the stator of the pump.
  • boundary layers are formed not only on the outer walls of the diffuser, but also on the segmental plates and at the hub.
  • the thickness of these boundary layers is very small, compared to the boundary layer forming only on the outer wall in conventional diffusers.
  • the boundary layers are distributed over the entire cross section of the diffuser, so that a very uniform distribution of the flow velocity adjusts over a short diffuser length over the cross section of the diffuser and thus also over the cross section of the return channel. This has a positive effect on the distribution of the flow velocities in the flow channel / swimming pool.
  • the mass of the water circulation channel consists essentially of plastic, which is surrounded by a stabilizing metal support frame, or alternatively made of steel, preferably made of stainless steel.
  • the in Fig. 1 illustrated water circulation channel consists of the swimming pool 1, the intermediate floor 2 and the return channel 3 in the lower area.
  • the pump 4 is accommodated for flow propulsion.
  • the rounded end edges 6 of the intermediate bottom 2 have, together with the half-tubes 8, the two deflection channels 7.1 and 7.2. Through the deflection channels 7.1 and 7.2, the flow of water is deflected by 180 °.
  • the short diffuser 9 At the pump 4 sits the short diffuser 9 with the hub 10 and the segment plates 11; the short diffuser 9 is located on the outflow side 12 of the pump 4th
  • a circulation of the water is therefore as follows:
  • the water On the inflow side 13 of the pump 4, the water is sucked in and pumped through the short diffuser 9 with hub 10 and segmental plates 11 in the downstream region of the return flow channel 3.
  • the water meets the first deflection channel 7.1 and the first elbow provided with blade grids 5.1.
  • the blade grids 5.1 of the first manifold the water is deflected by 90 ° upwards, of the blade grids 5.2 of the second manifold, the flow is in turn deflected by 90 °; the water is now owned by the Water surface 15 to the intermediate bottom 2 a flow direction 14 which is opposite to the flow direction in the return channel 3.
  • a flow deflection through 180 ° likewise experiences the water which flows on the underside of the intermediate bottom into the first deflection channel 7.1.
  • the water now flows through the swimming pool 1 with a uniform, uniform flow velocity.
  • the water meets the third bend with the blade grid 5.3 and the second deflection channel 7.2.
  • the water After the water has flowed through the third and fourth manifolds with the blade grids 5.3 and 5.4 and the second deflection channel 7.2, it is again at the inflow side 13 of the pump 4th
  • Fig. 2 the specifics of the deflection channel are shown.
  • the front edge 6 and the half tube 8 form the deflection channel 7.1.
  • This has at the top of the intermediate bottom 2 has a larger cross-section (a larger clear width a 2 ) than at the bottom (smaller clear width a 1 ).
  • This arrangement of the half-pipe 8 ensures that the horizontally flowing water at the intermediate bottom 2 is guided around the front edge 6 of the intermediate bottom 2 free of stalling and slows in its speed.
  • the short diffuser 9 has a length which is substantially shorter than twice the diameter of the clear space of the pump.
  • Fig. 4 shows the short diffuser 9 with hub 10 and segment plates 11 seen from the downstream side 12 from. You can see the radially extending from the hub 10 to the outside of the walls of the short diffuser 9 segment plates 11th

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The channel has a deflecting channel (7.1) provided on an upstream side (12) of a pump (4) and formed by a rounded front edge (6) of an intermediate bottom (2). A half-pipe (8) exhibits a concave inner side for surrounding the front edge of the intermediate bottom. Cross section of the deflecting channel is extended from a lower side of the intermediate bottom to a lower side of the intermediate bottom. A small diffuser (9) is provided downstream of the pump, and includes segmental plates (11) arranged in a flow chamber. Areas of the diffuser are directed parallel to a flow direction.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen transportablen, kompakten Wasserumlaufkanal, der aus einem Schwimmbecken mit freier Wasseroberfläche und integrierter Messstrecke, einem Zwischenboden und einem Rückströmkanal besteht, wobei das Schwimmbecken vom Rückströmkanal mittels eines Zwischenbodens getrennt ist.The invention relates to a portable, compact water circulation channel, which consists of a swimming pool with free water surface and integrated measuring section, an intermediate floor and a return flow, wherein the swimming pool is separated from the return flow channel by means of an intermediate floor.

Wasserumlaufkanäle werden zur Durchführung von Strömungsversuchen, zu Trainingszwecken für Sportler, bevorzugt von Schwimmern, aber auch Kanufahrern oder für therapeutische Anwendungen in der Heilbehandlung eingesetzt. Das im Kanal strömende Wasser eröffnet Möglichkeiten für das Training und die Rehabilitation, die im stehenden Wasser nicht gegeben sind. Zudem besitzt das strömende Wasser eine sanfte Massagewirkung, die gleichmäßig und intensiv auf der gesamten Körperoberfläche wirkt.Water circulation ducts are used for carrying out flow tests, for training purposes for athletes, preferably by swimmers, but also canoeists or for therapeutic applications in the healing treatment. The water flowing in the channel opens up possibilities for training and rehabilitation, which are not given in standing water. In addition, the flowing water has a gentle massage effect that works evenly and intensively on the entire body surface.

Im Bereich des Spitzensports sind Strömungskanäle ein unverzichtbares Trainingsgerät und Ergometer geworden. Beim Schwimmen in einem Strömungskanal bewegt sich der Schwimmer nicht von der Stelle, dies ermöglicht es dem Trainer, die Bewegungsabläufe des Schwimmers exakt zu analysieren und dem Sportler Hinweise für einen optimierten Bewegungsablauf zu geben.In the field of elite sports, flow channels have become an indispensable training tool and ergometer. When swimming in a flow channel, the swimmer does not move from the spot, this allows the coach to accurately analyze the movements of the swimmer and give the athlete hints for an optimized movement.

Insbesondere für das Training im Hochleistungssport ist es wichtig, dass der Wasserumlaufkanal eine weitgehend gleichmäßige Geschwindigkeitsverteilung orthogonal zur Hauptströmung des Wassers aufweist. Je konstanter der Verlauf der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Wassers über die Tiefe des Wassers ist, desto höher ist die Güte des Wasserumlaufkanals. Eine nahezu konstante Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Wassers über die gesamte Tiefe, in der sich der Schwimmer bewegt, ist Voraussetzung für eine realistische Nachbildung des Schwimmens im stehenden Gewässer.In particular, for training in high performance sports, it is important that the water circulation channel has a substantially uniform velocity distribution orthogonal to the main flow of water. The more constant the course of the flow velocity of the water over the depth of the water, the higher the quality of the water circulation channel. An almost constant flow velocity of the water over the entire depth, in which the float moves, is a prerequisite for a realistic replica of swimming in stagnant water.

Im Bereich der Rehabilitation bieten Strömungskanäle die Möglichkeit, ein besonders schonendes Training der Rehabilitanten durchzuführen. Das strömende Wasser bewirkt auf den im Wasser befindlichen Körper gleichmäßig verteilte Drücke und Spannungen. Die gleichmäßige Verteilung der Belastung ist sehr gelenkschonend, sodass zu einem sehr frühen Zeitpunkt mit Belastungstrainings begonnen werden kann. Durch eine entsprechende Anpassung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit lässt sich die Belastung exakt dosieren, anders als beim Training außerhalb des Wassers, wo stets die volle Gravitationskraft auf den Körper wirkt.In the field of rehabilitation, flow channels offer the possibility to carry out a particularly gentle training of the rehabilitants. The flowing water causes uniformly distributed pressures and stresses on the body in the water. The even distribution of the load is very gentle on the joints, so that can be started at a very early stage with load training. By adjusting the flow velocity accordingly, the load can be precisely metered, unlike when training outside the water, where always the full gravitational force acts on the body.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Lösungen für Wasserumlaufkanäle bekannt.Various solutions for water circulation channels are known from the prior art.

Der Patentschrift CH 176 562 A ist ein Schwimmbassin zu entnehmen, das von im Kreislauf geführtem und in seiner Geschwindigkeit regulierbarem Wasser durchströmt wird, sodass im fließenden Wasser geschwommen werden kann. In einer ersten Ausführungsform ist das Bassin durch einen Zwischenboden in einen oberen Raum zur Aufnahme des Schwimmers und in einen unteren Raum für mindestens eine Wasserschraube unterteilt. In einer zweiten Ausführungsform wird das Bassin durch zwei Zwischenwände parallel zu den Außenwänden in einen Raum zwischen den Zwischenwänden für die Aufnahme des Schwimmers und zwei Räumen zwischen den Zwischenwänden und den Außenwänden für die Antriebsmittel zur Erzeugung der Strömung unterteilt. Für die Umlenkung der Strömung am Anfang und Ende der Zwischenwände sind keine besonderen technischen Mittel erforderlich.The patent CH 176 562 A There is a swimming pool, which is flowed through by circulating and adjustable in its speed water, so that it can be swum in the flowing water. In a first embodiment, the basin is divided by an intermediate floor in an upper space for receiving the float and in a lower space for at least one water screw. In a second embodiment, the basin is divided by two intermediate walls parallel to the outer walls into a space between the intermediate walls for receiving the float and two spaces between the intermediate walls and the outer walls for the drive means for generating the flow. For the deflection of the flow at the beginning and end of the partition walls no special technical means are required.

In DE 22 22 594 A1 wird ein Schwimmbecken mit einer Umlaufströmung beschrieben, bei dem das Wasser über eine Wassereinströmfläche einströmt und über einen durchlässigen Schwimmbeckenboden in das Wasserrückleitungssystem gelangt. Dadurch, dass das Wasser über den durchlässigen Schwimmbeckenboden in das Wasserrückleitungssystem gelangt, stellt sich im Schwimmbecken in Strömungsrichtung hin ein Abfall der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit ein. Über den Querschnitt des Schwimmbeckens, senkrecht zur Hauptströmrichtung des Wassers soll jedoch eine annähernd konstante Geschwindigkeitsverteilung vorhanden sein.In DE 22 22 594 A1 is described a swimming pool with a circulating flow, in which the water flows in through a Wassereinströmfläche and passes through a permeable pool floor in the water return system. Due to the fact that the water passes into the water return system via the permeable pool bottom, a drop in the flow velocity occurs in the swimming pool in the direction of flow. However, over the cross section of the swimming pool, perpendicular to the main flow direction of the water, an approximately constant velocity distribution should be present.

Aus DD 246 461 A3 sind Axialpumpen kleiner Durchmesserzahl in Parallelschaltung mit Düsen und Diffusoren, die die Strömung von etwa quadratischem auf kreisrunden Querschnitt und umgekehrt überführen, bekannt. Die Düsen sind mit einer Länge vom 0,4 bis 0,7-fachen und die Diffusoren mit einer Länge vom 1,5 bis 2,5-fachen des lichten Pumpen-Innendurchmessers ausgeführt. Mit einer Regeleinrichtung wird gewährleistet, dass alle Pumpen auf einen gleichen Volumenförderstrom gebracht werden.Out DD 246 461 A3 Axial pumps are small diameter in parallel with nozzles and diffusers, which convert the flow from about square to circular cross-section and vice versa, known. The nozzles are designed with a length of 0.4 to 0.7 times and the diffusers with a length of 1.5 to 2.5 times the clear pump inside diameter. With a control device is ensures that all pumps are brought to the same volume flow rate.

Aufgrund der Schnellläufigkeit der Pumpen führen jedoch kleine Unterschiede der Verluste zu großen Unterschieden im Betriebspunkt. Werden die oben angegebenen Maße nicht eingehalten, besteht die Gefahr von instabilen oder ungleichen Betriebszuständen der Pumpen, die die Pumpen mechanisch stark beanspruchen und zu Ungleichmäßigkeiten in der Förderung führen. Axialpumpen, die in der beschriebenen Weise angeordnet werden, eignen sich deshalb besonders für die Verwendung in großen Wasserumlaufkanälen.Due to the high speed of the pumps, however, small differences in losses lead to large differences in the operating point. Failure to adhere to the above dimensions may result in unstable or uneven operating conditions of the pumps, which mechanically stress the pumps and result in unevenness in pumping. Axial pumps, which are arranged in the manner described, are therefore particularly suitable for use in large water circulation channels.

Die DD 246 462 A1 zeigt eine Stabilisierungseinrichtung für schnellläufige vorzugsweise nebeneinander liegende und parallel arbeitende Axialpumpen mit nicht rotationssymmetrischen Übergangsdüsen, bei denen eine stabile und monoton abfallende Förderhöhenkennlinie durch die Verwendung eines Profilrings als Stabilisierungsvorrichtung erreicht wird, dessen Verhältnis von Profildicke zur Profillänge 0,2 bis 0,4 beträgt und mit ca. der Hälfte seiner Länge in die Übergangsdüse hineinragt. Die stabilisierende Wirkung wird durch eine gezielte rotationssymmetrische Rezirkulation erreicht.The DD 246 462 A1 shows a stabilizing device for high-speed, preferably adjacent and parallel axial thrust pumps with non-rotationally symmetrical transition nozzles, in which a stable and monotonously decreasing delivery height characteristic is achieved by the use of a profile ring as a stabilizer whose ratio of profile thickness to profile length is 0.2 to 0.4 and protrudes into the transition nozzle with about half of its length. The stabilizing effect is achieved by a targeted rotationally symmetric recirculation.

Mit der Patentschrift DE 39 21 015 C1 ist ein Strömungsbecken für Schwimmer offenbart, bei dem auf der Abströmseite der Pumpvorrichtung ein Steigrohr angeordnet ist, dessen Auslassöffnung ein höheres Niveau aufweist als das Schwimmbecken, wobei das Steigrohr in einem über einen Auslass mit dem Schwimmbecken strömungsverbundenen Turm mündet. Für die 180° Umlenkung vom Strömungsbecken in den darunter liegenden Rückströmkanal sind keine gesonderten Vorkehrungen getroffen.With the patent DE 39 21 015 C1 discloses a flow pool for floats, in which on the downstream side of the pumping device, a riser pipe is arranged, whose outlet opening has a higher level than the swimming pool, wherein the riser in a flow-connected via an outlet with the pool tower opens. For the 180 ° deflection from the flow basin in the underlying return flow no special precautions have been taken.

In DE 44 14 382 B4 wird ein Wasserumlaufkanal beschrieben, bei dem die Wasserfördereinrichtung in der Horizontalen seitlich zur Messstrecke angeordnet ist, wobei die Messstrecke mit mindestens einem Rückführungskanal über verschiedene Krümmer verbunden ist. Ein Krümmer verengt sich in Strömungsrichtung entlang einer 90°-Biegung und ist mit einem Beschleunigungsgitter versehen, ein anderer Krümmer erweitert sich entlang der zweiten 90° Biegung und ist mit einem Verzögerungsgitter ausgestattet. Erfindungsgemäß ist das Verzögerungsgitter als Verbundgitter ausgeführt, bei dem die Verzögerung der Strömung über zwei oder mehrere im Verbund wirkende Verzögerungsgitter erzielt wird. Die Innenwand des Krümmers und die Radien der Schaufeln werden durch die Dicke des Zwischenbodens zwischen Messstrecke und Rückführkanal bestimmt. Stromab von jeder Pumpe ist ein herkömmlicher Übergangsdiffusor von rundem auf rechteckigen Querschnitt angebracht.In DE 44 14 382 B4 a water circulation channel is described in which the water conveyor is arranged in the horizontal side of the measuring section, wherein the measuring section is connected to at least one return channel via different manifolds. One manifold narrows in the direction of flow along a 90 ° bend and is provided with an accelerator grid, another manifold expands along the second 90 ° bend and is equipped with a retard grid fitted. According to the invention, the delay grid is designed as a composite grid in which the delay of the flow is achieved via two or more delay gratings acting in the composite. The inner wall of the bend and the radii of the blades are determined by the thickness of the false bottom between the measuring section and the return channel. Downstream of each pump is a conventional transition diffuser of round to rectangular cross-section.

In US 4,979,243 ist ein Strömungsbecken zum Training von Schwimmern offenbart, bei dem der Strömungskanal (mit dem Schwimmbecken) über dem Rückströmkanal angeordnet ist. Die Trennung der Kanäle erfolgt durch einen waagerechten Boden. Die Pumpen sind im Rückströmkanal angeordnet. Die Querschnittsfläche des Abschnitts des Rückströmkanals, der in Strömungsrichtung hinter den Pumpen angeordnet ist, vergrößert sich mit zunehmender Entfernung von den Pumpen. Die Umlenkung der Strömung vom Strömungs- in den Rückströmkanal und vom Rückströmin den Strömungskanal erfolgt mittels mehrerer voneinander beabstandeter Umlenkschaufeln, wobei die Strömungskanäle durch benachbarte Umlenkschaufeln oder durch jeweils eine Umlenkschaufel und die abgerundete Stirnkante des Bodens bzw. der Wand des Strömungsbeckens definiert sind.In US 4,979,243 a flow pool for training swimmers is disclosed in which the flow channel (with the swimming pool) is arranged above the return flow channel. The separation of the channels is made by a horizontal floor. The pumps are arranged in the return flow channel. The cross-sectional area of the portion of the return flow channel downstream of the pumps increases with increasing distance from the pumps. The deflection of the flow from the flow into the return flow channel and from the return flow through the flow channel takes place by means of a plurality of spaced deflecting vanes, the flow passages being defined by adjacent deflecting vanes or by a respective deflecting vane and the rounded front edge of the bottom or the wall of the flow basin.

Die vorgestellten Wasserumlaufkanäle sind durchweg in ihren Abmessungen sehr groß und nur für den stationären Aufbau geeignet. Der Grund dafür liegt darin, dass sich mit großen Dimensionen eine gleichmäßige Verteilung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit über den Querschnitt senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung in der Messstrecke erreichen lässt; Geschwindigkeitsunterschiede und Wirbel werden abgebaut. Große Anlagen bedingen jedoch zugleich große Förderleistungen der Pumpen, da eine erhebliche Menge an Wasser durch die Bauteile zur Verbesserung der Geschwindigkeitsverteilung bewegt werden muss. Eine hohe Förderleistung der Pumpen geht zudem mit einem hohen Bedarf an elektrischer Energie und damit verbundenen Betriebskosten einher.The presented water circulation channels are consistently very large in size and suitable only for stationary construction. The reason for this is that with large dimensions, a uniform distribution of the flow velocity over the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction in the measuring section can be achieved; Speed differences and vortices are reduced. At the same time, however, large systems require large delivery rates of the pumps because a significant amount of water must be moved through the components to improve the velocity distribution. A high delivery rate of the pumps is also associated with a high demand for electrical energy and associated operating costs.

Die positiven Effekte des strömenden Wassers im Rahmen von Rehabilitationsmaßnahmen und die Möglichkeit, die Bewegungsabläufe bei Leistungsschwimmern analysieren zu können, steigern die Popularität von Strömungskanälen. Auch die Zunahme des Individual- und Erlebnissports wecken den Wunsch nach einer einfacheren Nutzung von Strömungskanälen.The positive effects of flowing water as part of rehabilitation and the ability to analyze the movement patterns of competitive swimmers, increase the popularity of flow channels. Also the increase of the individual and adventure sports arouse the desire for an easier use of flow channels.

Einer breiteren Anwendung von Strömungskanälen stehen derzeit jedoch die großen Dimensionen und die hohen Anschaffungs- und Betriebskosten solcher Anlagen entgegen. Wasserumlaufanlagen, die bei vorgegebener Wasseroberfläche des Schwimmbeckens einen nachhaltig verringerten Bauaufwand erfordern und kleinere Abmessungen besitzen, sind hierfür Voraussetzung.However, a wider application of flow channels is currently opposed by the large dimensions and the high acquisition and operating costs of such systems. Water circulation systems, which require a permanently reduced construction costs and have smaller dimensions for a given water surface of the swimming pool, are a prerequisite for this.

Auch der in DE 44 14 382 vorgestellte Umlaufkanal löst das Problem, eine gleichmäßige Strömung in einem Wasserumlaufkanal mit kleinen Abmessungen zu erreichen, nicht, zumal die für die Vergleichmäßigung der Strömung eingesetzten Gleichrichter den Strömungswiderstand und damit die den Pumpen abgeforderte Leistung erhöhen.Also the in DE 44 14 382 presented circulation channel solves the problem of achieving a uniform flow in a water circulation channel with small dimensions, not, especially since the rectifier used for the equalization of the flow increase the flow resistance and thus the requested performance pumps.

Scharfe Umlenkungen des Wassers, wie sie an den Stirnkanten des Zwischenbodens des Wasserumlaufkanals auftreten und starke Vergrößerungen des Strömungsquerschnittes auf kurzem Weg führen zu Ablösungen der Strömung, zu Wirbelgebieten und ungleichmäßigen Geschwindigkeitsverteilungen. Die Bereiche, in denen diese Störungen der Strömung auftreten, liegen in Strömungsrichtung betrachtet, hintereinander und direkt am Zwischenboden, sodass sich deren Effekte gegenseitig verstärken. Bei schnellläufigen Pumpen können diese Strömungsstörungen zu instabilen Betriebszuständen führen.Sharp deflections of the water, as they occur at the leading edges of the intermediate floor of the water circulation channel and strong enlargements of the flow cross-section on a short path lead to flow separation, to fluidized areas and uneven velocity distributions. The areas in which these disturbances of the flow occur, viewed in the flow direction, one behind the other and directly at the intermediate floor, so that their effects mutually reinforce each other. With high-speed pumps, these flow disturbances can lead to unstable operating conditions.

Eine Vergleichmäßigung der Strömung kann zwar durch Gleichrichter, Siebe und Düsen erreicht werden, jedoch gehen diese Maßnahmen mit einer Erhöhung der Strömungsverluste und einer Vergrößerung der Abmessungen der Gesamtanlage einher.Although equalization of the flow can be achieved by rectifiers, screens and nozzles, these measures are accompanied by an increase in the flow losses and an increase in the dimensions of the overall system.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht daher darin, einen kompakten Wasserumlaufkanal mit einer gleichmäßigen Strömungsgeschwindigkeitsverteilung orthogonal zur Hauptströmungsrichtung des Wassers bereitzustellen, der Abmessungen besitzt, die ihn transportabel machen und der gleichzeitig relativ niedrige Betriebskosten durch Verwendung kleiner Pumpen mit geringer Antriebsleistung gewährleistet. Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst; vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Unteransprüchen.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a compact water circulation channel with a uniform flow velocity distribution orthogonal to the main flow direction of the water, which has dimensions that make it portable and at the same time ensures relatively low operating costs by using small pumps with low drive power. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the features of claim 1; advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Der erfindungsgemäße Wasserumlaufkanal zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass er wenigstens auf der Abströmseite der Pumpe, die mindestens ein Laufrad aufweist und entweder mit oder ohne Leitrad ausgeführt ist, zur Umlenkung der Strömung außer Krümmern mit Schaufelgittern auch einen Umlenkkanal besitzt. Dieser wird durch die abgerundete Stirnkante des Zwischenbodens und einem Halbrohr, dessen konkave Innenseite die Stirnkante des Zwischenbodens distal umschließt, gebildet. Das Halbrohr ist so positioniert, dass sich der Querschnitt des Umlenkkanals von der Unterseite des Zwischenbodens zur Oberseite des Zwischenbodens hin erweitert. Des Weiteren umfasst der Wasserumlenkkanal einen abströmseitig von der zumindest einen Pumpe angeordneten Kurzdiffusor mit mehreren Segmentblechen, die im Strömungsraum des Kurzdiffusors (9) angeordnet und deren Flächen parallel zur Strömungsrichtung ausgerichtet sind.The water circulation channel according to the invention is characterized in that it has at least on the downstream side of the pump, which has at least one impeller and is designed either with or without stator, for deflecting the flow except elbows with blade grids and a deflection channel. This is formed by the rounded end edge of the intermediate bottom and a half-tube, the concave inner side of which encloses the end edge of the intermediate bottom distally. The half tube is positioned so that the cross section of the deflection channel widens from the underside of the intermediate bottom to the top side of the intermediate base. Furthermore, the water deflection channel comprises a short diffuser arranged downstream of the at least one pump and having a plurality of segment plates which are arranged in the flow space of the short diffuser (9) and whose surfaces are aligned parallel to the flow direction.

Der Zwischenboden, der das Schwimmbecken von dem Rückströmkanal trennt, ist aus Gewichtsgründen (komplizierte Leichtbau-/Waffelkonstruktionen scheiden aus Kostengründen aus) bevorzugt nur wenige Zentimeter dick. Bei Wasserkanälen, die stationär betrieben werden, sind die Zwischenböden hingegen üblicherweise zwischen 0,5 bis 1 m dick, was den Vorteil hat, dass die meist rund ausgeführten Stirnkanten der Zwischenböden größere Radien aufweisen und deshalb die Strömung ausschließlich mittels strömungstechnisch günstiger Schaufelgitter um die beiden Übergänge vom Strömungs- in den Rückströmkanal und vom Rückström- in den Strömungskanal geführt werden kann.The intermediate floor, which separates the swimming pool from the return flow channel, is preferably only a few centimeters thick for weight reasons (complicated lightweight / waffle constructions are ruled out for cost reasons). In water channels, which are operated stationary, the intermediate floors, however, are usually between 0.5 to 1 m thick, which has the advantage that the usually round running front edges of the intermediate floors have larger radii and therefore the flow exclusively by means of aerodynamically favorable blade grid to the two Transitions from the flow into the return flow and the Rückström- can be performed in the flow channel.

Beim erfindungsgemäßen transportablen Wasserumlaufkanal ist jedoch aus Schwingungsgründen eine reine Umlenkung mittels Schaufelgittern mit kleinen Profillängen nicht möglich, denn der Wasserstrom kann mit diesen nicht um die engen Radien, die an den abgerundeten Stirnkanten des dünnen Zwischenbodens auftreten, gelenkt werden. Würde dies dennoch versucht, hätte es die Bildung starker Ablösungen im Bereich der abgerundeten Stirnkanten des Zwischenbodens zur Folge. Aus diesem Grund weist der erfindungsgemäße Wasserumlaufkanal zumindest abströmseitig zur Pumpe neben den Schaufelgittern auch den einen Umlenkkanal auf. Das Halbrohr wirkt dabei als Umlenkschaufel. Der Umlenkkanal (die Umlenkschaufel) kann aus Geometriegründen sehr kurz gehalten werden, d. h., es tritt keine Reibung über eine große Länge auf.In the transportable water circulation channel according to the invention, however, a pure deflection by means of blade grids with small profile lengths is not possible for reasons of vibration, because the water flow can not be with these to the narrow radii that occur at the rounded end edges of the thin intermediate floor, steered. If this were attempted nevertheless, it would lead to the formation of strong detachments in the area of the rounded front edges of the false floor. For this Reason, the water circulation channel according to the invention, at least downstream of the pump in addition to the blade lattice and the one deflection channel. The half tube acts as a turning vane. The deflection channel (the turning vane) can be kept very short for reasons of geometry, that is, there is no friction over a large length.

Bevorzugt sind beide Stirnkanten mit einem Umlenkkanal versehen, wobei sich das jeweilige Halbrohr über die gesamte Länge der Stirnkante des Zwischenbodens erstreckt. Die konkave Innenseite des Halbrohrs ist der Stirnkante des Zwischenbodens ungefähr parallel verlaufend zugewandt; das Halbrohr ist zur Stirnkante horizontal und vertikal beabstandet.Preferably, both end edges are provided with a deflection channel, wherein the respective half-pipe extends over the entire length of the end edge of the intermediate bottom. The concave inner side of the half tube faces the front edge of the intermediate bottom approximately parallel; the half tube is horizontally and vertically spaced from the end edge.

Der horizontale Abstand des Halbrohrs zur Stirnkante des Zwischenbodens wird bevorzugt so gewählt, dass er dem Radius des Halbrohrs abzüglich der halben Dicke des Zwischenbodens entspricht. Dadurch befinden sich die Ein- und Austrittsöffnungen der Umlenkkanäle vertikal in einer Linie mit dem Beginn der Abrundung an der Stirnkante des Zwischenbodens.The horizontal distance of the half tube to the end edge of the intermediate bottom is preferably selected such that it corresponds to the radius of the half tube minus half the thickness of the intermediate bottom. As a result, the inlet and outlet openings of the deflection channels are vertically in line with the beginning of the rounding at the front edge of the intermediate floor.

In vertikaler Richtung wird das Halbrohr so positioniert, dass der Abstand der unteren Stirnkante des Halbrohrs zur Unterseite des Zwischenbodens kleiner ist als der Abstand der oberen Stirnkante des Halbrohres zur Oberseite des Zwischenbodens. Somit wird eine Erweiterung des Querschnittes des Umlenkkanals von der Unterseite des Zwischenbodens zu dessen Oberseite hin bewirkt.In the vertical direction, the half-tube is positioned so that the distance between the lower end edge of the half-tube to the bottom of the intermediate bottom is smaller than the distance of the upper end edge of the half-tube to the top of the intermediate bottom. Thus, an extension of the cross section of the Umlenkkanals is effected from the bottom of the false bottom to the upper side.

Um eine strömungstechnisch besonders günstige Umlenkung zu erreichen, muss die Relation r a r i < 4 a 2 a 1

Figure imgb0001
erfüllt sein.

  • mit: a1 = lichte Weite des Umlenkkanals am Eintritt
  • a2 = lichte Weite des Umlenkkanals am Austritt
  • ri = Außenradius des Zwischenbodens (Innenradius des Umlenkkanals)
  • ra = Innenradius des Halbrohrs (Außenradius des Umlenkkanals)
In order to achieve a fluidically particularly favorable deflection, the relation must r a r i < 4 a 2 a 1
Figure imgb0001
be fulfilled.
  • with: a 1 = clear width of the deflection channel at the inlet
  • a 2 = clear width of the deflection channel at the outlet
  • r i = outer radius of the intermediate bottom (inner radius of the deflection channel)
  • r a = inner radius of the half tube (outer radius of the deflection channel)

Übliche Werte von a2/a1 (entspricht der Erweiterung des Querschnittes des Umlenkkanals) liegen im Bereich zwischen 1,5 und 2,5. Entsprechend beträgt dann die Querschnittserweiterung ca. 10°, d. h., im Längsschnitt der Abwicklung (die gebogenen Bereiche des Kanals werden begradigt) des Umlenkkanals verlaufen die Kanalwände in einem Winkel von 10 ° zueinander. Bei Werten von a2/a1 < 1,5 ist die Ablösegefahr wesentlich geringer, sodass die berechneten Winkel dann kleiner als 10° sind.Typical values of a 2 / a 1 (corresponds to the extension of the cross section of the deflection channel) are in the range between 1.5 and 2.5. Correspondingly, then the cross-sectional widening is about 10 °, ie, in the longitudinal section of the settlement (the curved portions of the channel are straightened) of the Umlenkkanals the channel walls extend at an angle of 10 ° to each other. At values of a 2 / a 1 <1.5, the risk of separation is much lower, so that the calculated angles are then less than 10 °.

Strömt das Wasser in den Umlenkkanal, so wird dieses über die Innenfläche des gebogenen Halbrohrs an der Stirnkante des Zwischenbodens strömungsabriss- und verwirbelungsfrei um die Stirnkante des Zwischenbodens (180°) herumgelenkt. Im verbleibenden (weiter von der Stirnkante entfernten) Bereich des Strömungsquerschnitts wird das Wasser mittels Schaufelgittern umgelenkt.If the water flows into the deflection channel, it is deflected around the front edge of the intermediate bottom (180 °) free of flow and turbulence via the inner surface of the bent half pipe at the front edge of the intermediate bottom. In the remaining (further from the front edge) region of the flow cross-section, the water is deflected by means of blade lattices.

Durch die Erweiterung des Querschnittes des Umlenkkanals von der Unterseite des Zwischenbodens zur Oberseite des Zwischenbodens wird eine Verlangsamung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Wassers erreicht. Damit wird dem nachteiligen Effekt entgegengewirkt, dass sich die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im Bereich der Schaufelgitter zum Zwischenboden hin erhöht.By extending the cross section of the Umlenkkanals from the bottom of the false floor to the top of the false floor, a slowing down of the flow velocity of the water is achieved. This counteracts the disadvantageous effect that the flow velocity in the region of the blade lattice increases towards the intermediate bottom.

Da transportable Wasserumlaufkanäle prinzipbedingt kleinere Abmessungen als stationäre haben und sich in Wasserströmungen die Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten über größere Längen von selbst vergleichmäßigen, kann in kleinen, transportablen Wasserumlaufkanälen allein mit der erfindungsgemäßen Umlenkung (vom Strömungs- in den Rückströmkanal und vom Rückström- in den Strömungskanal) noch keine ausreichend gleichmäßige Verteilung (wie in stationären Kanälen) der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit erreicht werden.Since transportable water circulation channels have inherently smaller dimensions than stationary ones and the flow velocities over longer lengths self-equalize in water flows, in small transportable water circulation channels alone with the deflection according to the invention (from the flow into the return flow channel and from the return flow into the flow channel) none sufficiently uniform distribution (as in stationary channels) of the flow velocity can be achieved.

Als weitere Maßnahme zur Vergleichmäßigung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit ist deshalb ein Kurzdiffusor mit mehreren Segmentblechen (als ein Segmentblech ist jeweils ein von der Achse bis zum Gehäuse des Kurzdiffusors reichendes Blech definiert) eingesetzt. Die Segmentbleche im Diffusor bewirken erstens, dass im Diffusor durch eine Umverteilung der Gebiete mit hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit eine Vergleichmäßigung der Strömung insgesamt erreicht wird, und zweitens ist es möglich, den Diffusor kürzer auszuführen und dennoch stabile Betriebszustände zu erreichen. Der Diffusor kann dabei umso kürzer ausgeführt werden, desto mehr Segmentbleche eingesetzt sind. So ist z. B. ohne Segmentbleche ein Diffusor, durch den eine Überleitung von einem rundem auf einen quadratischen Querschnitt durchgeführt wird, wobei der quadratischem Querschnitt etwa dem doppeltem des lichten Durchmessers der Pumpe entspricht, erforderlich, dessen Länge mindestens doppelt so groß ist wie der Durchmesser des runden Querschnitts, während bereits beim Einsatz von vier Segmentblechen die Länge des Diffusors kürzer als der Durchmesser des runden Querschnitts sein darf.As a further measure for equalizing the flow velocity, therefore, a short diffuser with a plurality of segment plates (as a segment plate is defined in each case one of the axis to the housing of the short diffuser reaching sheet metal) used. The segment plates in the diffuser cause, first, that in the diffuser by a redistribution of the areas with high flow velocity equalization of the total flow is achieved, and secondly, it is possible to make the diffuser shorter and still achieve stable operating conditions. The diffuser can be made shorter, the more segmental panels are used. So z. B. without segment plates a diffuser through which a transition from a round to a square cross section is performed, the square cross section is about twice the clear diameter of the pump required, the length of which is at least twice as large as the diameter of the round cross section , while even with the use of four segment sheets, the length of the diffuser may be shorter than the diameter of the round cross section.

Dabei ist vorgesehen, die Nabe, auf der mindestens ein Laufrad und ggf. das Leitrad der Pumpe angeordnet sind, nicht wie sonst üblich, auf Höhe oder kurz hinter (in Strömungsrichtung gesehen) der Pumpe enden zu lassen, sondern die Nabe axial in den Kurzdiffusor bzw. durch diesen hindurch zu führen. Bei kleinen Nabenverhältnissen ist die Nabe außerdem als Spitze ausgeformt. Hierdurch wird, insbesondere bei rotierenden (in geringerem Maße jedoch auch bei nicht rotierenden) Naben, die Erzeugung von Wirbeln/Ablösungen stromab hinter der Nabe weitgehend verhindert.It is provided, the hub on which at least one impeller and possibly the stator of the pump are arranged, not as usual, at the level or shortly behind (seen in the direction of flow) end of the pump, but the hub axially into the short diffuser or to pass through it. With small hub ratios, the hub is also formed as a tip. As a result, the generation of vortices / detachments downstream behind the hub is largely prevented, in particular in the case of rotating hubs (to a lesser extent, however, also in the case of non-rotating hubs).

Die Segmentbleche sind bevorzugt radial verlaufend zwischen der Nabe und dem Gehäuse des Kurzdiffusors angeordnet und erstrecken sich über die gesamte Länge des Kurzdiffusors. Die Anzahl der Segmentbleche ist, um Resonanzschwingungen zu verhindern, ungleich der Anzahl der Schaufeln des Laufrads bzw., falls vorhanden, des Leitrads der Pumpe.The segment plates are preferably arranged radially extending between the hub and the housing of the short diffuser and extend over the entire length of the short diffuser. The number of segment plates is, in order to prevent resonance vibrations, not equal to the number of blades of the impeller or, if present, the stator of the pump.

Bei herkömmlichen Diffusoren (ohne Nabe und ohne Segmentbleche) bilden sich an den Wänden des Diffusors dicke Grenzschichten aus, an denen die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit stark verringert ist. Im Bereich der Pumpenachse ist sie dagegen hoch. Dies wirkt sich insbesondere bei kompakten, transportablen Wasserumlaufkanälen sehr nachteilig auf die Verteilung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit aus.In conventional diffusers (without hub and without segment plates), thick boundary layers form on the walls of the diffuser, at which the flow velocity is greatly reduced. In the area of the pump axis, on the other hand, it is high. This has a particularly detrimental effect on the distribution of the flow velocity, especially in the case of compact, transportable water circulation channels.

Bei dem Kurzdiffusor mit Nabe und Segmentblechen bilden sich nicht nur an den Außenwänden des Diffusors Grenzschichten, sondern auch an den Segmentblechen und an der Nabe. Die Dicke dieser Grenzschichten ist aber, im Vergleich zu der sich bei herkömmlichen Diffusoren nur an der Außenwand ausbildenden Grenzschicht, sehr gering. Zudem sind die Grenzschichten über den gesamten Querschnitt des Diffusors verteilt, sodass sich auf einer kurzen Diffusorlänge eine über den Querschnitt des Diffusors und damit auch über den Querschnitt des Rückführkanals eine sehr gleichmäßige Verteilung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit einstellt. Dieses wirkt sich positiv auf die Verteilung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten im Strömungskanal/Schwimmbecken aus.With the short diffuser with hub and segmental plates, boundary layers are formed not only on the outer walls of the diffuser, but also on the segmental plates and at the hub. However, the thickness of these boundary layers is very small, compared to the boundary layer forming only on the outer wall in conventional diffusers. In addition, the boundary layers are distributed over the entire cross section of the diffuser, so that a very uniform distribution of the flow velocity adjusts over a short diffuser length over the cross section of the diffuser and thus also over the cross section of the return channel. This has a positive effect on the distribution of the flow velocities in the flow channel / swimming pool.

Es kann demnach im erfindungsgemäßen Wasserumlaufkanal nur durch die Kombination des Kurzdiffusors mit den aus Umlenkkanal und Schaufelgittern gebildeten Umlenkeinrichtungen eine genauso gleichmäßige Verteilung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten erzielt werden, wie sie bislang in den größeren stationären Wasserumlaufkanälen.It can therefore be achieved in the water circulation channel according to the invention only by the combination of the short diffuser with deflecting channel and blade deflectors formed a uniform distribution of flow velocities, as previously in the larger stationary water circulation channels.

Darüber hinaus erfordern die Umlenkeinrichtungen und der Kurzdiffusor nur einen vergleichsweise geringen bautechnischen Aufwand.In addition, the deflection and the short diffuser require only a relatively small construction effort.

Da die Umlenkeinrichtungen und der Kurzdiffusor in der Summe nur einen kleinen Strömungswiderstand aufweisen und auf zusätzliche Einrichtungen zur Vergleichmäßigung der Strömung (Siebe, Gleichrichter und Düsen) verzichtet werden kann, sind Pumpen mit vergleichsweiser geringer Leistungsaufnahme ausreichend, um Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten im Schwimmbecken von bis zu 2,5 m/s zu erreichen.Since the deflection devices and the short diffuser have in total only a small flow resistance and can be dispensed with additional means for equalizing the flow (screens, rectifiers and nozzles), pumps are comparatively low power consumption sufficient to flow rates in the pool of up to 2, 5 m / s to reach.

Zwecks Massereduzierung besteht der Wasserumlaufkanal im Wesentlichen aus Kunststoff, der von einem stabilisierenden Stützgerüst aus Metall umgeben ist, oder alternativ aus Stahl, bevorzugt aus Edelstahl.For the purpose of reducing the mass of the water circulation channel consists essentially of plastic, which is surrounded by a stabilizing metal support frame, or alternatively made of steel, preferably made of stainless steel.

Aufgrund des geringen Gewichts und der kompakten Geometrie ist es möglich den Wasserumlaufkanal auf einen Transporter zu verladen und so komplett montiert an den Bestimmungsort zu überführen, sodass er dort lediglich noch mit Wasser befüllt und an das Energieversorgungsnetz angeschlossen werden muss.Due to its low weight and compact geometry, it is possible to load the water circulation duct onto a transporter and transfer it completely assembled to the destination, so that it only needs to be filled with water and connected to the power supply network.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der Figuren 1 bis 4 erläutert; hierbei zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Wasserumlaufkanal im Längsschnitt;
Fig. 2
einen Umlenkkanal im Längsschnitt;
Fig. 3
eine Pumpe mit Kurzdiffusor im Längsschnitt;
Fig. 4
einen Kurzdiffusor mit Nabe und Segmentblechen, von der Abströmsei- te aus gesehen.
The invention will be described below with reference to FIG FIGS. 1 to 4 explains; show here:
Fig. 1
a water circulation channel in longitudinal section;
Fig. 2
a deflection channel in longitudinal section;
Fig. 3
a pump with short diffuser in longitudinal section;
Fig. 4
a short diffuser with hub and segment plates, seen from the downstream side.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Wasserumlaufkanal besteht aus dem Schwimmbecken 1, dem Zwischenboden 2 und dem Rückführkanal 3 im unteren Bereich. Im Rückführkanal 3 ist die Pumpe 4 zum Strömungsantrieb untergebracht. Die abgerundeten Stirnkanten 6 des Zwischenbodens 2 hat bilden zusammen mit den Halbrohren 8 die beiden Umlenkkanäle 7.1 und 7.2. Durch die Umlenkkanäle 7.1 und 7.2 wird die Strömung des Wassers jeweils um 180° umgelenkt.The in Fig. 1 illustrated water circulation channel consists of the swimming pool 1, the intermediate floor 2 and the return channel 3 in the lower area. In the return channel 3, the pump 4 is accommodated for flow propulsion. The rounded end edges 6 of the intermediate bottom 2 have, together with the half-tubes 8, the two deflection channels 7.1 and 7.2. Through the deflection channels 7.1 and 7.2, the flow of water is deflected by 180 °.

Zwischen den gebogenen (mit Radius ra) Halbrohren 8, die die Außenwände der Umlenkkanäle 7.1 und 7.2 bilden und den Wänden des Wasserumlaufkanals sitzen die Krümmer, die mit den Schaufelgittern 5.1 - 5.4 versehen sind. Über die Schaufelgitter der Krümmer wird die Strömung des Wassers jeweils um 90° umgelenkt.Between the bent (with radius r a ) half-tubes 8, which form the outer walls of the deflection channels 7.1 and 7.2 and the walls of the water circulation channel sit the elbows, which are provided with the blade grids 5.1 - 5.4. The flow of the water is deflected by 90 ° via the vane grids of the elbows.

An der Pumpe 4 sitzt der Kurzdiffusor 9 mit der Nabe 10 und den Segmentblechen 11; der Kurzdiffusor 9 befindet sich auf der Abströmseite 12 der Pumpe 4.At the pump 4 sits the short diffuser 9 with the hub 10 and the segment plates 11; the short diffuser 9 is located on the outflow side 12 of the pump 4th

Ein Umlauf des Wassers gestaltet sich daher wie folgt:A circulation of the water is therefore as follows:

An der Zuströmseite 13 der Pumpe 4 wird das Wasser angesogen und durch den Kurzdiffusor 9 mit Nabe 10 und Segmentblechen 11 in den abströmseitigen Bereich des Rückströmkanals 3 gepumpt. Am Ende des Rückströmkanals 3 trifft das Wasser auf den ersten Umlenkkanal 7.1 und den ersten mit Schaufelgittern 5.1 versehenen Krümmer. Von den Schaufelgittern 5.1 des ersten Krümmers wird das Wasser um 90° nach oben umgelenkt, von den Schaufelgittern 5.2 des zweiten Krümmers wird die Strömung wiederum um 90° umgelenkt; das Wasser besitzt nun von der Wasseroberfläche 15 bis zum Zwischenboden 2 eine Strömungsrichtung 14, die entgegengesetzt zur Strömungsrichtung im Rückführkanal 3 verläuft. Eine Strömungsumlenkung um 180° erfährt ebenfalls das Wasser, das auf der Unterseite des Zwischenbodens in den ersten Umlenkkanal 7.1 strömt. Das Wasser strömt nun mit einer durchgängig gleichmäßigen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit durch das Schwimmbecken 1. Am Ende des Schwimmbeckens trifft das Wasser auf den dritten Krümmer mit dem Schaufelgitter 5.3 und dem zweiten Umlenkkanal 7.2. Nachdem das Wasser den dritten und vierten Krümmer mit den Schaufelgittern 5.3 und 5.4 und den zweiten Umlenkkanal 7.2 durchströmt hat, befindet sich es wieder an der Zuströmseite 13 der Pumpe 4.On the inflow side 13 of the pump 4, the water is sucked in and pumped through the short diffuser 9 with hub 10 and segmental plates 11 in the downstream region of the return flow channel 3. At the end of the return flow channel 3, the water meets the first deflection channel 7.1 and the first elbow provided with blade grids 5.1. Of the blade grids 5.1 of the first manifold, the water is deflected by 90 ° upwards, of the blade grids 5.2 of the second manifold, the flow is in turn deflected by 90 °; the water is now owned by the Water surface 15 to the intermediate bottom 2 a flow direction 14 which is opposite to the flow direction in the return channel 3. A flow deflection through 180 ° likewise experiences the water which flows on the underside of the intermediate bottom into the first deflection channel 7.1. The water now flows through the swimming pool 1 with a uniform, uniform flow velocity. At the end of the swimming pool, the water meets the third bend with the blade grid 5.3 and the second deflection channel 7.2. After the water has flowed through the third and fourth manifolds with the blade grids 5.3 and 5.4 and the second deflection channel 7.2, it is again at the inflow side 13 of the pump 4th

In Fig. 2 ist die Spezifik des Umlenkkanals dargestellt. Zu erkennen ist ein Endabschnitt des Zwischenbodens 2 mit der abgerundeten Stirnkante 6 (mit Radius ri). Die Stirnkante 6 und das Halbrohr 8 bilden den Umlenkkanal 7.1. Dieser besitzt an der Oberseite des Zwischenbodens 2 einen größeren Querschnitt (eine größere lichte Weite a2) als an dessen Unterseite (kleinere lichte Weite a1). Diese Anordnung des Halbrohrs 8 gewährleistet, dass das am Zwischenboden 2 horizontal strömende Wasser um die Stirnkante 6 des Zwischenbodens 2 strömungsabrissfrei herumgeführt und in seiner Geschwindigkeit verlangsamt wird.In Fig. 2 the specifics of the deflection channel are shown. Evident is an end portion of the intermediate bottom 2 with the rounded end edge 6 (with radius r i ). The front edge 6 and the half tube 8 form the deflection channel 7.1. This has at the top of the intermediate bottom 2 has a larger cross-section (a larger clear width a 2 ) than at the bottom (smaller clear width a 1 ). This arrangement of the half-pipe 8 ensures that the horizontally flowing water at the intermediate bottom 2 is guided around the front edge 6 of the intermediate bottom 2 free of stalling and slows in its speed.

In Fig. 3 wird deutlich, dass der Kurzdiffusor 9 eine Länge aufweist, die wesentlich kürzer ist als das Doppelte des Durchmessers des lichten Raumes der Pumpe.In Fig. 3 it is clear that the short diffuser 9 has a length which is substantially shorter than twice the diameter of the clear space of the pump.

Fig. 4 zeigt den Kurzdiffusor 9 mit Nabe 10 und Segmentblechen 11 von der Abströmseite 12 aus gesehen. Zu sehen sind die radial von der Nabe 10 nach außen zu den Wänden des Kurzdiffusors 9 verlaufenden Segmentbleche 11. Fig. 4 shows the short diffuser 9 with hub 10 and segment plates 11 seen from the downstream side 12 from. You can see the radially extending from the hub 10 to the outside of the walls of the short diffuser 9 segment plates 11th

Liste der verwendeten BezugszeichenList of reference numbers used

11
Schwimmbecken/StrömungskanalSwimming pool / lazy river
22
Zwischenbodenfalse floor
33
Rückströmkanalbackflow
44
Pumpepump
5.15.1
erstes Schaufelgitterfirst scoop grid
5.25.2
zweites Schaufelgittersecond blade grid
5.35.3
drittes Schaufelgitterthird vane grid
5.45.4
viertes Schaufelgitterfourth blade grid
66
Stirnkante an ZwischenbodenFront edge on intermediate floor
7.17.1
erster Umlenkkanalfirst deflection channel
7.27.2
zweiter Umlenkkanalsecond deflection channel
88th
Halbrohrhalf pipe
99
Kurzdiffusorshort diffuser
1010
Nabehub
1111
Segmentblechsegment sheet
1212
Abströmseite der PumpeDownstream side of the pump
1313
Zuströmseite der PumpeUpstream side of the pump
1414
Strömungsrichtungflow direction
1515
Wasserliniewaterline
a1 a 1
lichte Weite des Umlenkkanals am Eintrittclear width of the deflection channel at the entrance
a2 a 2
lichte Weite des Umlenkkanals am Austrittclear width of the deflection channel at the outlet
ri i
Außenradius des ZwischenbodensOutside radius of the intermediate floor
ra r a
Innenradius des HalbrohrsInner radius of the half pipe

Claims (10)

Transportabler Wasserumlaufkanal bestehend aus einem Schwimmbecken (1) mit freier Wasseroberfläche und integrierter Messstrecke, einem Rückströmkanal (3), einem Zwischenboden (2) , der das Schwimmbecken (1) von dem Rückströmkanal (3) trennt, mindestens einer das Wasser umwälzenden und im Rückströmkanal (3) angeordneten Pumpe (4) und Krümmern mit Schaufelgittern (5.1; 5.2; 5.3; 5.4) zur Umlenkung der Strömung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserumlaufkanal zumindest auf der Abströmseite (12) der zumindest einen Pumpe (4) einen Umlenkkanal (7.1) aufweist, der durch eine abgerundete Stirnkante (6) des Zwischenbodens (2) und einem Halbrohr (8), dessen konkave Innenseite die Stirnkante (6) des Zwischenbodens (2) distal umschließt, gebildet wird, dass sich der Querschnitt des Umlenkkanals (7.1) von der Unterseite des Zwischenbodens (2) zur Oberseite des Zwischenbodens (2) hin erweitert und dass sich an der zumindest einen Pumpe (4) abströmseitig ein Kurzdiffusor (9) mit mehreren Segmentblechen (11), die im Strömungsraum des Kurzdiffusors (9) angeordnet und deren Flächen parallel zur Strömungsrichtung ausgerichtet sind, befindet.Transportable water circulation channel consisting of a swimming pool (1) with free water surface and integrated measuring section, a return flow channel (3), an intermediate floor (2) which separates the swimming pool (1) from the return flow channel (3), at least one recirculating the water and in the return flow channel (3) arranged pump (4) and manifolds with blade grids (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4) for deflecting the flow, characterized in that the water circulation channel at least on the downstream side (12) of the at least one pump (4) has a deflection channel (7.1 ), which is formed by a rounded end edge (6) of the intermediate bottom (2) and a half tube (8) whose concave inner side the end edge (6) of the intermediate bottom (2) surrounds distally, that the cross section of the deflection channel (7.1 ) extends from the bottom of the intermediate bottom (2) to the top of the intermediate bottom (2) and that on the at least one pump (4) downstream a short diffuser (9) with more eren segment plates (11) arranged in the flow space of the short diffuser (9) and whose surfaces are aligned parallel to the flow direction is located. Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass für die lichte Weite des zumindest einen Umlenkkanal (7.1) am Eintritt (a1) und am Austritt (a2) sowie für den Außenradius (ri) des Zwischenbodens (2) und den Innenradius (ra) des Halbrohrs (8) die Beziehung ra/ri<4/(a2/a1) gilt.Water circulation channel according to claim 1, characterized in that for the clear width of the at least one deflection channel (7.1) at the inlet (a 1 ) and the outlet (a 2 ) and for the outer radius (r i ) of the intermediate bottom (2) and the inner radius ( a ) of the half-pipe (8) the relationship r a / r i <4 / (a 2 / a 1 ) applies. Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nabe (10) beginnend von der mindestens einen Pumpe (4) bis in Richtung des von der Pumpe abgewandten Endes des Kurzdiffusors (9) verlängert und axial in den Kurzdiffusor (9) hinein- und/oder oder durch diesen hindurchgeführt ist.Water circulation channel according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the hub (10) starting from the at least one pump (4) extended in the direction of the end remote from the pump end of the short diffuser (9) and axially into the short diffuser (9) and / or passed through this. Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Nabe bei kleinen Nabenverhältnissen als Spitze ausgeformt ist.Water circulation channel according to claim 3, characterized in that the hub is formed with small hub ratios as a tip. Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Segmentbleche (11) radial zwischen der Nabe (10) und den Seitenwänden des Diffusors (9) angeordnet sind.Water circulation channel according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the segment plates (11) are arranged radially between the hub (10) and the side walls of the diffuser (9). Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzahl der Segmentbleche (11) ungleich der Anzahl der Schaufeln des Schaufel- bzw. des Leitrads der Pumpe (4) ist.Water circulation channel according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the number of segment plates (11) is not equal to the number of blades of the blade or the stator of the pump (4). Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke des Zwischenbodens (2) 10 bis 60% des Radius des Halbrohres entspricht.Water circulation channel according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the thickness of the intermediate bottom (2) corresponds to 10 to 60% of the radius of the half-pipe. Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Teilungsverhältnis der Schaufeln der Schaufelgitter (5.1; 5.2; 5.3; 5.4) 0,5 bis 0,6 beträgt.Water circulation channel according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the division ratio of the blades of the blade grid (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4) is 0.5 to 0.6. Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle eingesetzten Pumpen (4) schnellläufige Axialpumpen mit gleichen Leistungsparametern sind.Water circulation channel according to claim 1 to 8, characterized in that all the pumps used (4) are high-speed axial pumps with the same performance parameters. Wasserumlaufkanal nach Anspruch 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schwimmbecken (1), der Zwischenboden (2) und der Rückströmkanal (3) nebeneinander angeordnet sind, wobei der Zwischenboden (2) eine Trennwand darstellt und die Ober- und Unterseite aus Sicht der Strömung jeweils zu einer rechten und einer linken Seite werden.Water circulation channel according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the swimming pool (1), the intermediate bottom (2) and the return flow channel (3) are arranged side by side, wherein the intermediate bottom (2) is a partition wall and the top and bottom of the view Flow respectively to a right and a left side.
EP20100171722 2009-08-21 2010-08-03 Transportable water circulation channel Active EP2289605B1 (en)

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH176562A (en) 1934-09-29 1935-04-30 Raeber Heinrich Swimming pool.
DE2222594A1 (en) 1972-05-09 1973-11-29 Karl Guenter Hoppe SWIMMING POOL WITH CIRCULATING CURRENT
DE2237800A1 (en) * 1972-08-01 1974-02-14 Rupert Burgmair SPACE-SAVING HOME POOL
DD246462A3 (en) 1984-12-29 1987-06-10 Techn Zentrum Geraete Und Anla STABILIZATION DEVICE FOR QUICK-RUNNING AXIAL PUMPS
DD246461A3 (en) 1984-12-29 1987-06-10 Techn Zentrum Geraete Und Anla AXIAL PUMPS WITH A SMALL THICKNESS NUMBER IN PARALLEL CIRCUIT
JPS6351571A (en) * 1986-08-20 1988-03-04 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Circulation type pool
GB2222074A (en) * 1988-08-23 1990-02-28 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Circulating water pool
DE3921015C1 (en) 1989-06-27 1990-08-09 Hamburger Wasserwerke Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De
US4979243A (en) 1988-08-22 1990-12-25 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Circulating water pool
DE4414382A1 (en) 1993-04-30 1994-11-03 Tz Tech Zentrum Entwicklungs & Water circulation channel (duct)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1437048A1 (en) * 1986-07-29 1988-11-15 Брестский инженерно-строительный институт Rowing water pool
RU2296202C2 (en) * 2005-05-14 2007-03-27 Юрий Владимирович Гурьев Swimming facility structure

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH176562A (en) 1934-09-29 1935-04-30 Raeber Heinrich Swimming pool.
DE2222594A1 (en) 1972-05-09 1973-11-29 Karl Guenter Hoppe SWIMMING POOL WITH CIRCULATING CURRENT
DE2237800A1 (en) * 1972-08-01 1974-02-14 Rupert Burgmair SPACE-SAVING HOME POOL
DD246462A3 (en) 1984-12-29 1987-06-10 Techn Zentrum Geraete Und Anla STABILIZATION DEVICE FOR QUICK-RUNNING AXIAL PUMPS
DD246461A3 (en) 1984-12-29 1987-06-10 Techn Zentrum Geraete Und Anla AXIAL PUMPS WITH A SMALL THICKNESS NUMBER IN PARALLEL CIRCUIT
JPS6351571A (en) * 1986-08-20 1988-03-04 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Circulation type pool
US4979243A (en) 1988-08-22 1990-12-25 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Circulating water pool
GB2222074A (en) * 1988-08-23 1990-02-28 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Circulating water pool
DE3921015C1 (en) 1989-06-27 1990-08-09 Hamburger Wasserwerke Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg, De
DE4414382A1 (en) 1993-04-30 1994-11-03 Tz Tech Zentrum Entwicklungs & Water circulation channel (duct)
DE4414382B4 (en) 1993-04-30 2006-04-06 Tz Technisches Zentrum Entwicklungs- & Handelsgesellschaft Mbh Water circulation channel

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RU2010134795A (en) 2012-02-27
RU2540737C2 (en) 2015-02-10
DE102009038451A1 (en) 2011-03-03
EP2289605B1 (en) 2014-04-02

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