EP2287862A1 - Verbessertes elektromagnetisches Stellglied mit Permanentmagnet - Google Patents

Verbessertes elektromagnetisches Stellglied mit Permanentmagnet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2287862A1
EP2287862A1 EP10305787A EP10305787A EP2287862A1 EP 2287862 A1 EP2287862 A1 EP 2287862A1 EP 10305787 A EP10305787 A EP 10305787A EP 10305787 A EP10305787 A EP 10305787A EP 2287862 A1 EP2287862 A1 EP 2287862A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
coil
face
pole piece
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10305787A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Vanpeene
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mecalectro
Original Assignee
Mecalectro
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mecalectro filed Critical Mecalectro
Publication of EP2287862A1 publication Critical patent/EP2287862A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
    • H01F7/04—Means for releasing the attractive force

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of permanent magnet electromagnetic actuators of the type comprising: a permanent magnet having a first face having a first polarity and a second face having a second polarity opposite to the first; a coil adapted to be powered by an electric current; a first pole piece having a first end in contact with the first face of the permanent magnet and a core portion extending through the coil; a second pole piece having a first end placed in contact with the second face of the permanent magnet and a portion extending outside the coil; an actuating part disposed in the vicinity of the gap separating second ends of the first pole piece and the second pole piece, the actuator being provided with a magnetic circuit forming a loop passing through the coil and comprising the first polar piece, the actuating piece and the second pole piece.
  • the known permanent magnet electromagnetic actuators have the disadvantage of not allowing complete demagnetization of the actuating part when the actuator is controlled in opening.
  • the permanent magnets used must be powerful to produce, in the closed state of the actuator, a holding force adapted to the actuating portion.
  • the permanent magnet is sized to exert on the actuating piece integral with the leaf of the door, a nominal force typically of the order of 200 kg. When a current flows in the coil, this force decreases but does not cancel.
  • the residual force is typically of the order of 10% of the nominal force, or about 20 kg.
  • the permanent magnet electromagnetic actuators of the prior art are equipped with mechanical switches. When the actuator is in the open state, these switches open the magnetic circuit which channels the flux of the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet. In this way, the magnetic field inside the actuating part is substantially zero and, consequently, the actuating part is not subjected to any residual force in the open state of the actuator.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome these problems, by proposing a permanent magnet electromagnetic actuator having a simple structure while allowing, when in the open state, the substantially complete cancellation of the magnetic field in the actuating piece.
  • the subject of the invention is an electromagnetic actuator of the aforementioned type, characterized in that it comprises an additional element magnetically connecting the first and second pole pieces to one another so as to define a second magnetic circuit, the second circuit forming a loop. outside the coil and comprising the first pole piece, the additional member and the second pole piece, the additional member being dimensioned to allow, when a predetermined current flows in the coil, the substantially complete cancellation of the stream magnetic through the actuating piece.
  • a permanent magnet electromagnet is described as a particular example of a permanent magnet electromagnetic actuator.
  • the suction cup 1 has a structure symmetrical by revolution about an axis A.
  • the suction cup 1 comprises a permanent magnet 10, a coil 20, first and second pole pieces 30 and 40, an actuating part 50 and an additional element 60.
  • the permanent magnet 10 has the shape of a ring A axis, rectangular section. It has an inside diameter D1, an outside diameter D2 and a thickness e , in the direction of the axis A.
  • the permanent magnet 10 is for example a samarium cobalt magnet or a neodymium iron boron magnet.
  • the permanent magnet 10 is shaped to have a first transverse face 12 having a first polarity, for example magnetic south, and a second transverse face 14 having a second polarity opposite to the first, for example magnetic north.
  • the coil 20 of the suction cup 1 is O-ring, of axis A. It is made by winding, over n turns, a wire made of a material that conducts the electric current. The ends of the wire constitute two terminals intended to be connected to a generator of electrical power adapted to circulate an electric current of predetermined intensity in the coil 20.
  • the coil 20 induces a magnetic field.
  • the flux of this magnetic field is channeled by the pole pieces 30 and 40 and the actuating part 50. This flow is such that it opposes, at least in the actuating part 50, the flow of the magnetic field. created by the permanent magnet, so as to cancel the magnetic field and therefore its effects in the actuating part 50, to allow the easy release thereof.
  • the first pole piece 30 of the suction cup 1 has a main portion 32, forming a cylinder of axis A, and an end portion 34, forming a disc of axis A secured to a first end face of the portion. 32.
  • the other end face of the main portion 32 has the reference 35.
  • the end portion 34 has a diameter D3 slightly greater than the outside diameter D2 of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the main portion has a diameter D4 less than the inside diameter D1 of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the first pole piece 30 is mounted so that its main portion 32 passes axially through the central orifice of the permanent magnet 10 and the coil 20.
  • the main portion 32 constitutes the core of the electromagnet of the suction cup 1.
  • the face 36 of the end portion 34 disposed transversely to the axis A and oriented towards the coil 20, is brought into contact with the first transverse face 12 of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the end face 35 of the main portion 32 is located in a plane P, transverse to the axis A.
  • the second pole piece 40 of the suction cup 1 constitutes a cylindrical casing of axis A, intended to internally receive the coil 20. More specifically, the second pole piece 40 has a side wall 42 and an end wall 44 disposed transversely to the coil. A axis and forming the bottom of the housing. It is integral with an axial end of the side wall 42. The edge of the side wall opposite the end wall 44 has the reference 45. The edge 45 has an annular shape of axis A.
  • the end wall 44 has a through hole 46 for receiving the cylindrical main portion 32 of the first pole piece 30.
  • the diameter D5 of the hole 46 is greater than the diameter D4 of the main portion 32 so as to spare a first gap of thickness f .
  • the diameter of the hole 46 is equal to the inside diameter D1 of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the face 48 of the end wall 44 facing outwardly of the housing receiving the coil, is brought into contact with the second transverse face 14 of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the height, along the axis A, of the side wall 42 is such that, after assembly, the edge 45 is located in the plane P.
  • the actuating part 50 of the suction cup 1 forms a disk of axis A and diameter D6.
  • the actuating part 51 is made of a metallic material having suitable magnetic properties.
  • the suction cup 1 comprises a first magnetic circuit C1 for channeling the flux of the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet 10.
  • the field lines that arise on the second face 14 of the permanent magnet 10 substantially flow in the end wall 44 and in the side wall 42 of the second pole piece 40; then, after passing through the interface between the edge 45 and the actuating part 50, the field lines circulate in the actuating piece, substantially radially, towards the axis A; and, finally, after passing through the interface between the actuating part 50 and the end face 35, the field lines flow axially along the main portion 32 and then radially in the end portion 34 of the first pole piece 30, to end on the first transverse face 12 of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the actuating piece 50 located in the vicinity of the air gap between the edge 45 of the second pole piece 40 and the end face 35 of the first pole piece 30, is subjected to a holding force oriented substantially according to the direction of the axis A towards the permanent magnet 10. This force is able to press the actuating part 50 against the end face 35 and the edge 45 in the plane P.
  • the actuator 1 comprises an additional element 60.
  • the additional element 60 forms a ring with a rectangular section whose axis coincides with the axis A.
  • the additional element 60 is made of a material having suitable magnetic properties. Preferably, this material is a ferromagnetic material. More preferably, the material constituting the additional element 60 is identical to the constituent material of the first and second pole pieces 30 and 40.
  • the additional element 60 is mounted so that a first transverse face 62 is in contact with the transverse face 36 of the first pole piece 30 and a second transverse face 64 comes into contact with the transverse face 48 of the second pole piece 40.
  • the thickness, evaluated along the axis A, of the additional element 60 is equal. to the thickness e of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the inside diameter of the additional element 60 is substantially equal to the outside diameter D2 of the permanent magnet 10, so that the inner side face 66 of the additional element 60 is in contact with the periphery of the permanent magnet. 10.
  • the first pole piece 30, the additional element 60 and the second pole piece 40 delimit a cavity 70 for receiving the permanent magnet 10.
  • the dimensions of the cavity 70 are adjusted to those of the permanent magnet 10 so that the it is housed, without play, in the cavity 70.
  • the suction cup 1 comprises a second magnetic circuit C2 for channeling the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 10.
  • the magnetic field lines which arise on the second face 14 of the permanent magnet 10, in the vicinity of its periphery, propagate in the end wall 44 of the second pole piece 40; then, after having crossed the interface between the second pole piece 40 and the additional element 60, the field lines flow axially in the additional element 60; and finally, after having crossed the interface between the additional element 60 and the first pole piece 30, the field lines loop back on the first face 12 of the permanent magnet 10.
  • the suction cup 1 can be in two operating states.
  • the coil 20 In the first state, said closing and which corresponds to the default state of the suction cup, the coil 20 is not powered.
  • the actuating part is subjected to a holding force in position generated by the permanent magnet. More specifically, the magnetic flux produced by the permanent magnet is channeled along the first magnetic circuit C1 so as to generate a large magnetic field in the gap between the face 35 and the edge 45 of the pole pieces.
  • the actuating piece made of a suitable material, and placed in this gap, undergoes a force plating it in the plane P against the pole pieces.
  • the coil 20 In the second state of actuation, called opening, the coil 20 is energized so as to produce an induced field opposing, in the gap between the face 35 and the edge 45 of the pole pieces, to the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet 10.
  • the flux of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet can not flow along the first magnetic circuit because of the presence of the field flux induced by the coil, it preferably flows along the second magnetic circuit C2.
  • the total magnetic field in the region of the actuating part is zero.
  • the actuating piece 50 does not undergo any holding force in position and can be moved away without effort from the pole pieces 30 and 40.
  • the magnetic flux created by the permanent magnet finds a way to pass from one side to the other of the permanent magnet.
  • the first magnetic circuit C1 has a high "resistance" due to the magnetic field induced by the coil 20
  • the presence of the additional element 60 makes it possible to channel the magnetic flux created by the permanent magnet along the second magnetic circuit.
  • the magnetic field in the region occupied by the actuating part can be completely canceled by means of a coil having a reduced power compared to that of the permanent magnet.
  • the actuator has only a small number of parts.
  • the actuator has no mechanical switch to completely cancel the field in the actuating part.
  • the manufacture of the actuator is particularly simple and comprises machining parts, then the treatment of the surfaces of the parts, and finally the assembly of the different parts together.
  • the additional element is integral with one or the other of the first and second pole pieces.
  • the transverse face 36 of the first pole piece is machined so as to provide its periphery with an axially extending rim.
  • This flange constitutes the additional element 60 of the embodiment described.
  • the dimensions of the section of the additional element are calibrated according to different parameters among which the constituent materials of the different parts, the dimensions of the different parts, the intensity of the nominal force to be exerted on the actuating part, the intensity of the magnetic field induced by the coil, etc.
  • the geometry of the additional element enabling the creation of a bypass magnetic circuit depends on the particular implementation of the invention in a particular actuator.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
EP10305787A 2009-07-17 2010-07-16 Verbessertes elektromagnetisches Stellglied mit Permanentmagnet Withdrawn EP2287862A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0954962A FR2948228B1 (fr) 2009-07-17 2009-07-17 Actionneur electromagnetique a aimant permanent ameliore

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2287862A1 true EP2287862A1 (de) 2011-02-23

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Family Applications (1)

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EP10305787A Withdrawn EP2287862A1 (de) 2009-07-17 2010-07-16 Verbessertes elektromagnetisches Stellglied mit Permanentmagnet

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EP (1) EP2287862A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2948228B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016205329A1 (de) * 2016-03-31 2017-10-05 Kendrion Kuhnke Automation Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Haftmagnet sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben, elektromagnetisches Verriegelungselement und Verwendung desselben

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4356467A (en) * 1978-10-06 1982-10-26 Magento Tecnica di Cardone Michele & C.S.n.c. Magnetic work-holding device
JPS60130106A (ja) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-11 Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd 永電磁型吸着装置
FR2596571A1 (fr) * 1986-04-01 1987-10-02 Mecalectro Ventouse electromagnetique perfectionnee

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4356467A (en) * 1978-10-06 1982-10-26 Magento Tecnica di Cardone Michele & C.S.n.c. Magnetic work-holding device
JPS60130106A (ja) * 1983-12-16 1985-07-11 Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd 永電磁型吸着装置
FR2596571A1 (fr) * 1986-04-01 1987-10-02 Mecalectro Ventouse electromagnetique perfectionnee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2948228B1 (fr) 2011-08-19
FR2948228A1 (fr) 2011-01-21

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