EP2367180A2 - Linearer elektromagnetischer Aktor - Google Patents

Linearer elektromagnetischer Aktor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2367180A2
EP2367180A2 EP11002269A EP11002269A EP2367180A2 EP 2367180 A2 EP2367180 A2 EP 2367180A2 EP 11002269 A EP11002269 A EP 11002269A EP 11002269 A EP11002269 A EP 11002269A EP 2367180 A2 EP2367180 A2 EP 2367180A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
core
magnetic field
central core
movable member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11002269A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2367180A3 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Barbet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adulis
Original Assignee
Adulis
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Adulis filed Critical Adulis
Publication of EP2367180A2 publication Critical patent/EP2367180A2/de
Publication of EP2367180A3 publication Critical patent/EP2367180A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding
    • H01F7/1646—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of linear actuators and more specifically that of electromagnetic actuators.
  • Electromagnetic linear actuators are known in which an actuating movable member is guided to move slowly on itself in an electromagnetic chassis under the effect of a magnetic field created in said frame and acting on a magnet formed by said body. in an air gap of said chassis.
  • the state of the art in the art is illustrated in particular in the US patent US 5,546,063 as well as in French patent documents FR2 886 485 and FR 2 818 430 . In the latter there are two electromagnetic field generator winding modules in the chassis, with two coils around two separate cores between which is the magnetized portion of the movable member.
  • Such an actuator has particular disadvantages as to the diffusion of the magnetic field in the air between the two modules and the lack of concentration of the resulting field.
  • the invention aims to avoid these disadvantages. It aims more broadly to improve the operating conditions of linear electromagnetic actuators, and among them in particular the accuracy of the movements of the movable member and their linearity. In its preferred embodiments, it provides provisions that are particularly well suited to a bi-directional mode controlled operation and a non-linear guide of the actuator for transmitting angular displacement control.
  • the invention proposes for this purpose to constitute the movable member by two magnetic masses which are carried apart from each other by a non-magnetized support rod and to ensure the guidance of this member by the electromagnetic chassis to level of the rod in its intermediate portion between the two magnetic masses. Guiding is ensured by sliding of the rod through a median transverse core of the frame which is located at an intermediate position between two transverse walls of this frame forming two air gaps cooperating with respectively each of the two magnetic masses.
  • the middle core of the frame, or central core may very well serve as a concentrator and support the electric winding coils, but that it differs in that it extends from one to the other of the two side walls of the frame. Its function with respect to the movable member is no longer of a magnetic order, but of a mechanical order, whereas the magnetic relations fall within the transverse walls of the frame since it is there that the gaps are formed for the action of the field on the permanent magnet parts of the movable member.
  • the central core of the chassis forms a limit stop for each of the two extreme positions of said movable member.
  • a first extreme position is reached when a first magnetized mass abuts the core.
  • a second extreme position is reached when a second magnetized mass abuts on the opposite side of the same central core.
  • the frame comprises two longitudinal walls, advantageously parallel, which are connected transversely to each other by the central core, and which on either side of this central core extend transversely. to two-by-two end faces facing each other, to form the air gaps of the magnetic field.
  • This central core actuator architecture closing the magnetic field and open transverse walls has the advantage of leading to a single guide of the movable member in the center of the frame, thus avoiding problems of hyperstatism. Such an architecture also allows improved accessibility inside the chassis.
  • Other secondary features of the invention relate to the constitution of the winding of electric turns generating the magnetic field.
  • a guide sleeve of the movable member in the frame is disposed around the magnetic masses; it may be made of an organic material based on fluoropolymers, as is for example the plastic material based on polytetrafluoroethylene known under the trade name of Teflon.
  • the orifice or channel guiding the movable member in its sliding movement relative to the frame crosses in a straight line the central core in the longitudinal direction; the support rod of the permanent magnets is then straight and slides in rectilinear linear translation in the orifice under the effect of the displacement of the magnets subjected to the magnetic field, the movable member being thus driven in a rectilinear linear displacement movement.
  • the guidance is carried out along a curved line, the support rod of the magnets having a radius of curvature equivalent to that of the channel pierced through the central core of the frame.
  • the described electromagnetic actuator 1 comprises a frame 2 and two electric winding coils 4 disposed inside the frame, as well as permanent magnets 6 and 7 which are subjected to a magnetic field F created in this frame when a suitable electric current flows through the coils of the coils, the magnets carried by a support rod 8 which they are integral, on either side of a central portion of this rod which is slidably mounted inside the chassis, between the coils, so as to move on itself in a direction of displacement XX 'under the effect of the magnetic field acting on the magnets and its variations.
  • the entire rod with its magnets is the movable member of the actuator.
  • the frame is made of a ferro-magnetic material.
  • the frame 2 forms two longitudinal side walls 10, 11, which are here parallel. Each longitudinal wall is extended transversely at each of its ends by a transverse wall branch 12, 13, 14, 15 oriented towards that of the other longitudinal wall, this up to facing end faces facing each other. -vis two by two forming each time a gap for the magnetic field. It is understood that the frame 2 thus comprises two facing modules 2a, 2b, each formed by a longitudinal wall and the associated transverse walls.
  • a central core 16 connects transversely the center of each longitudinal wall and maintains in position the two modules 2a, 2b of the frame relative to each other.
  • the core comprises a cylindrical orifice 18 which extends longitudinally through the core at its center, equidistant from the two longitudinal walls, in the direction of displacement X-X '.
  • the orifice extends into a rectilinear channel.
  • the central core 16 is made from two parts 16a, 16b integrally formed with each longitudinal wall, which leaves a line of junction between the two parts visible at 20 on the figure 1 .
  • the two parts 16a, 16b, each protruding from the corresponding longitudinal wall, are secured to each other by a fixing means, for example by screws, which has not been shown in the figures.
  • the frame has a plane of symmetry which corresponds to the vertical median plane of the central core.
  • the length of the transverse wall branches is such that these walls do not meet when the central core connects the two longitudinal walls.
  • the end faces of the transverse walls 12 and 13 face one another and an air gap passage 22 is thus created between the two transverse walls of this longitudinal end of the frame. .
  • This arrangement is found at the opposite end of the longitudinal walls, between the end faces of the transverse walls 14 and 15.
  • the coils 4 are formed by a winding of electromagnetic coils. As illustrated, they are arranged around the core central and each of the coils bears against one of the longitudinal walls of the frame. Each coil is electrically powered by unrepresented electrical wires, reported from above or below the frame.
  • the coils are adapted to generate a closed magnetic field F ( figures 1 and 2 ), which follows a path substantially in the form of eight, passing firstly through the central core 16, the field then separating at the first longitudinal wall 10 opposite to each of the ends of this longitudinal wall to then go into the transverse wall 12, 14 which extends this end.
  • the magnetic field is thus separated into two complementary fields F1 and F2, each complementary field then passing respectively into the gap formed by the passage 22 between the transverse walls, the complementary field here being transverse to the direction of displacement X-X ', before returning to the central core 16 by the second transverse wall 13, 15 and the second longitudinal wall 11.
  • the two complementary fields F1 and F2 are thus grouped in the core 16 which concentrates the field F, the center of the eight thus being advantageously formed by the concentrator core.
  • the magnet support rod 8 has a cylindrical shape adapted to slide in the cylindrical orifice arranged in the central core. The length of this rod is determined so that its ends can protrude from both sides of the frame, beyond the transverse walls. The stem is guided at its center by the central core and passes in the passages arranged between the transverse walls.
  • Each end of the support rod is connected to a displacement member 50 or to a sensor.
  • a proximal end 80 of the support rod is connected to a control element of the decoupled control wheel type for which it is desired to generate a force feedback by a translational movement while the distal end 81 is connected. to a speed sensor.
  • the magnets are mounted on and secured to the support rod.
  • two permanent magnets are connected to each other to form a magnetized mass 6, 7, with a junction line 67 between the two magnets.
  • Two magnetic masses 6, 7 are thus integral with the support rod, and are arranged on either side of the central core when the support rod is inserted into the circular orifice of the core.
  • a proximal magnetized mass 6 is disposed on the shaft between the proximal end 80 and the central core 16 and a distal magnetized mass 7 is disposed on the shaft between the distal end 81 and the central core 16.
  • the position of the magnetized masses by relative to the end of the rods is determined so that when one of the magnetized masses is in contact with the central core, the junction line of the other magnetized mass does not extend outside the chassis beyond beyond the corresponding gap.
  • the magnetized masses that is to say two permanent magnets connected to one another, are able to move linearly, in the direction of displacement X-X ', under the effect of the magnetic field flowing in the gap between these masses are respectively associated.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnets is the same as that of the magnetic field flowing in the frame at the gap.
  • the magnetized masses are subjected to a Laplace electromagnetic force in a direction that is transverse to the X-X 'axis. It is advisable to choose the direction that one wishes to give to this electromagnetic force to determine the direction of displacement of the support rod.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by each magnet is, in known manner, opposite of a magnet to the magnet. other.
  • the direction of the magnetic field generated by the magnets is chosen according to the direction of that created by the coils in the gap.
  • the modification of the orientation of the magnets modifies the interaction between the fields and modifies the direction of movement of the movable rod carrying the magnets.
  • the direction of the permanent magnets is fixed and it is the control means associated with the coils which make it possible to change the direction of the currents in the coils.
  • the actuator further comprises a position sensor secured to the frame.
  • a Hall effect sensor is provided, with a probe 24 disposed on the frame outside thereof, and more precisely here, on the outer surface of a transverse wall, at the edge of the gap.
  • This arrangement has the advantage not to disturb the detection of the magnet by the probe. This prevents the probe from being disturbed by the current in the coils, as is the case when it is arranged inside a chassis.
  • FIG. figure 2 An alternative embodiment is shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • a Teflon sheet 26 is disposed between the frame and the magnetized mass, which has the advantage of filling the clearance initially provided for the sliding of the movable rod between the magnetized mass and the frame, in order to prevent the rotation of the magnet. magnetized mass during the displacement of the support rod, and also avoid any contact between the frame and the magnetic mass, while allowing easy sliding of the movable rod in the actuator because of the extremely low coefficient of friction of the Tefion. It will be understood that only one Teflon sheet may be disposed on one side of the central core or that four Teflon sheets may be disposed as visible on the figure 2 .
  • a coil is connected to an electronic control device. Take one of the two modules of the chassis, and place the coil around the part of the central core associated with this module. The coil is inserted between the two transverse walls of the module and is pressed against the longitudinal wall.
  • a magnetized mass is secured in a first half of the support rod near an end of this rod and the support rod is inserted into the orifice of the central core by the free half without magnetic mass.
  • the rod is slid until the magnetized mass now integral with the rod is in abutment against the central core. Then the second magnetized mass is secured to the support rod.
  • the direction of movement of the movable member formed by the support rod and the associated magnets is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field created.
  • the direction of movement of the movable member is related to the orientation of the magnets and the flow direction of the current in the coil.
  • the displacement in translation of the movable member is created as soon as the current is introduced into the coils. More specifically, it manages on the one hand the direction of movement of the magnetized masses and the support rod on which these masses are mounted and on the other hand the speed of this movement, driving on the one hand the direction and other the intensity of the current introduced into the coils.
  • the support rod of the magnets is adapted to move between two extreme positions.
  • the first extreme position the proximal end of the support rod which carries the displacement member is in its furthest position from the central core.
  • the translational stop of the support rod to mark this first extreme position is achieved by the abutment of the magnetized mass distal against the central core.
  • the second extreme position the proximal end of the support rod is in its position closest to the central core and it is now the distal end of the support rod which carries the speed sensor which is in its most advanced position. away from the central core, the translation stop of the support rod which makes it possible to mark this second extreme position is achieved by the abutment of the magnetized mass proximal against the central core.
  • the holding in position of the support rod in one or other of the extreme positions is by magnetization of one or the other of the magnetized masses against the central concentrator core.
  • the central core having concentrated the magnetic field circulating in the frame, the magnetization is made better. This solution thus makes it possible to avoid adding a special magnetized pallet at the ends of the magnetic masses.
  • the central core makes it possible to attenuate the dispersion in the air of the radiation of the coils.
  • the magnetic field can be concentrated more intensively in the magnetic circuit and by extension on the magnet.
  • the core also acts as a chassis reinforcing member, which counteracts the magnetic attraction of the two parts of the chassis towards each other by maintaining them mechanically at a determined distance .
  • the coils are in contact with the frame and thus cool more easily. This is verified for all the turns of each coil, which are all in contact with the central core, both the first turns, which are in contact with the associated longitudinal wall, as the last turns.
  • a second embodiment, shown on the figure 3 offers a complementary advantage.
  • This second mode differs in that the actuator comprises four coils 4 'instead of the two coils of the first embodiment.
  • Each coil 4 ' is mounted around a four support means respectively formed by one of the transverse walls.
  • This also makes it possible to manufacture a frame in one piece, since the turns can be inserted by the space between the transverse walls to be mounted around the support means, this manufacture in a single piece avoiding on the one hand to provide the means additional fastening for securing the two modules of the frame of the first embodiment, and on the other hand avoiding possible play between the two modules of the frame.
  • a cover which has not been shown on the figure 3 , to protect the parts of the coils located outside the chassis, and thus prevent electromagnetic leakage.
  • one or more control means can be used for the electrical control of the coils. It is advantageous to provide a single control means for controlling all the coils, in a lower cost actuator, for example, or provide a control means specific to each coil.
  • coils may be damaged and need to be replaced.
  • a dependability is provided so that the device can operate with a single coil, by dimensioning each coil for this purpose. This works with a coil during the defection of other coils.
  • a lower cost device is obtained according to a third embodiment illustrated by the figure 3 with a single coil 4 "disposed around the central core 16.
  • a metal plate 28 is preferably a metal plate 28 to allow optimal diffusion of the magnetic field near the magnets.
  • An electromagnetic actuator according to the invention may also allow a generally angular displacement of the movable member for driving the element to be controlled by the actuator.
  • the introduction of the current in the coils causes a displacement of the movable rod in curved linear translation and an angular displacement of the associated displacement member about an axis YY ', perpendicular to the direction of movement of the movable member outside the frame.
  • the frame 102 has substantially the same shape as the frame 2 of the first embodiment, with an orifice 118 in the central core and end faces of the transverse walls which are curved, of the same radius of curvature and center of the axis. YY '.
  • the support rod 108 is not straight but curved, with the same radius of curvature and center Y-Y 'axis, so that it can slide in the hole.
  • the magnets are also curved to follow the curve of the gap when moving.
  • the introduction of the current in the coils causes a rotational displacement of the movable rod and the associated displacement member about an axis Z-Z ', which extends parallel to the transverse direction of the central core, below or above the chassis.
  • the frame 202 is substantially of the same shape as the frame 2 of the first embodiment, with an orifice 218 in the central core which is curved, the curvature having as center the Z-Z 'axis.
  • the rod 208 of the movable member is not straight, but curvature curve centered on the axis ZZ 'for sliding in the orifice.
  • the passage of current in the coils generates a magnetic field in the chassis and in the air gaps that it spares, so that the magnets are subjected to an electromagnetic force that forces the magnet to move. according to direction X-X ', the meaning varying according to the sign of the current.
  • the path formed by the curved orifice 118 respectively 218 in the central core forces the support rod, of curved shape complementary to a displacement in rotation around the axis YY 'respectively Z-Z'.
  • the electromagnetic actuator allows the moving member to move with a central concentrator core of a magnetic field, a right or curved orifice of which guides the sliding of a support rod, straight or curved, of a displacement member.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
EP11002269A 2010-03-19 2011-03-19 Linearer elektromagnetischer Aktor Withdrawn EP2367180A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1001096A FR2957713A1 (fr) 2010-03-19 2010-03-19 Actionneur lineaire electromagnetique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2367180A2 true EP2367180A2 (de) 2011-09-21
EP2367180A3 EP2367180A3 (de) 2012-03-21

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EP11002269A Withdrawn EP2367180A3 (de) 2010-03-19 2011-03-19 Linearer elektromagnetischer Aktor

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EP (1) EP2367180A3 (de)
FR (1) FR2957713A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013102276B4 (de) 2013-03-07 2018-07-26 Kendrion (Villingen) Gmbh Verdrehschutz
EP3358582A1 (de) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-08 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Hin- und hergehender elektromagnetischer aktuator mit flussausgeglichenem anker und stationären kernen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2995129B1 (fr) 2012-08-30 2017-10-20 Xap Dispositif d'entrainement lineaire electromagnetique comprenant un organe mobile pourvu d'une pluralite de masses aimantees.

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5546063A (en) 1994-06-17 1996-08-13 United States Defense Research, Inc. Magnetic field solenoid
FR2818430A1 (fr) 2000-12-15 2002-06-21 Renault Dispositif d'entrainement lineaire d'une soupape au moyen d'aimants mobiles
FR2886485A1 (fr) 2005-05-24 2006-12-01 Nortia Consult Sarl Dispositif d'entrainement lineaire electromagnetique

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9517226D0 (en) * 1995-08-23 1995-10-25 Rockwell Lvs Magnetic actuators
JP3339626B2 (ja) * 1998-10-15 2002-10-28 愛知製鋼株式会社 リニアモータの振動子
WO2001065581A1 (en) * 2000-03-02 2001-09-07 Cruise, Rupert, John A magnetic actuator
DE10146899A1 (de) * 2001-09-24 2003-04-10 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektromagnetischer Aktuator, insbesondere elektromagnetischer Antrieb für ein Schaltgerät
US7719394B2 (en) * 2004-10-06 2010-05-18 Victor Nelson Latching linear solenoid

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5546063A (en) 1994-06-17 1996-08-13 United States Defense Research, Inc. Magnetic field solenoid
FR2818430A1 (fr) 2000-12-15 2002-06-21 Renault Dispositif d'entrainement lineaire d'une soupape au moyen d'aimants mobiles
FR2886485A1 (fr) 2005-05-24 2006-12-01 Nortia Consult Sarl Dispositif d'entrainement lineaire electromagnetique

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013102276B4 (de) 2013-03-07 2018-07-26 Kendrion (Villingen) Gmbh Verdrehschutz
EP3358582A1 (de) * 2017-02-03 2018-08-08 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Hin- und hergehender elektromagnetischer aktuator mit flussausgeglichenem anker und stationären kernen
US10693358B2 (en) 2017-02-03 2020-06-23 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Reciprocating electromagnetic actuator with flux-balanced armature and stationary cores

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2957713A1 (fr) 2011-09-23
EP2367180A3 (de) 2012-03-21

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