EP2286082B1 - A high pressure fuel connection arrangement to an injector holder in a common rail system - Google Patents
A high pressure fuel connection arrangement to an injector holder in a common rail system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2286082B1 EP2286082B1 EP09757668.0A EP09757668A EP2286082B1 EP 2286082 B1 EP2286082 B1 EP 2286082B1 EP 09757668 A EP09757668 A EP 09757668A EP 2286082 B1 EP2286082 B1 EP 2286082B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe means
- chamber
- injector holder
- cylinder head
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/002—Arrangement of leakage or drain conduits in or from injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/004—Joints; Sealings
- F02M55/005—Joints; Sealings for high pressure conduits, e.g. connected to pump outlet or to injector inlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
- F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high pressure fuel connection arrangement to an injector holder in a common rail system for a large internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
- large internal combustion engine refers to such engines that are used, for example, as main propulsion engines or auxiliary engines in ships or in power plants for the production of heat and/or electricity.
- DE 4239173 C1 shows a mounting arrangement for an injector in a cylinder head in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
- An object of the invention is to provide a new connection arrangement, which solves the above mentioned and other problems of the prior art. It is also an object of the invention to provide a reliable connection arrangement with uncomplicated construction. A further object is to provide an arrangement which makes it possible to handle and control leakage draining out from the outside of the injector holder and, thus, to enable controlling the condition of the injection equipment.
- the arrangement includes fixing means arranged in threaded connection with a first part of a chamber in the cylinder head for fixing the second pipe means tightly to the injector holder, the fixing means exerting the fixing force through an enlarged part with suitable counter surface arranged in the second pipe means.
- Said chamber is arranged in communication with the injector holder through a second part of the chamber, the second pipe means being at least of substantial length spaced apart from said chamber between the fixing means and the injector holder.
- the length of the second pipe means between the fixing means and the injector holder and the diameter of the chamber are selected so as to allow slight bending of the second pipe means located therein under certain strain caused by the fixing means.
- the use of pipe means with a long loaded length provides a better retained strain when pipe working lengths change due to thermal loading changes.
- the second pipe means may be provided with a supporting element for supporting it to the cylinder head along the second part of the chamber.
- the length of the second pipe means between the enlarged part and the second end is with advantage from about 10 to 20 times the diameter thereof.
- the diameter of the chamber is respectively about 40% - 100% larger than the second pipe means located therein.
- the chamber When the chamber is arranged to collect so called dirty leakage draining from the external surface of the injector holder this chamber is practically pressureless since the question is only about a sealing mixture dribble. Notwithstanding, the cylinder head is in this case with advantage provided with a duct or the like for leading the collected leakage away from the chamber and the cylinder head. This allows for control of the volume of the leakage and detection of any larger leakages.
- the first part of the chamber is with advantage bounded by the cylinder head, the fixing means and the second pipe means including the enlarged part thereof.
- the diameter of the first part of the chamber is with advantage substantially larger than the diameter of the second part of the chamber and includes substantial free space for collecting said leakage.
- the fixing means is preferably a sleeve formed bolt element through which the second pipe means is fitted.
- the fixing means can easily be tightened by means of ordinary tools and it is in no direct connection with the high pressure fuel supplied through the pipe means.
- the contact surface of the fixing means is cone formed and its counter surface in the enlarged part is either ball formed or cone formed.
- the head of the second end of the second pipe means is preferably ball shaped and its counter surface in the injector holder is cone formed. Ball shape of the head of the second end of the second pipe means is ideal to comply with possible misalignments as the pipe means bends on the assembly into the cylinder head.
- the reference numeral 1 indicates a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine supporting an injector holder 2 by means of which high pressure fuel is injected into a cylinder of the engine in a way known as such (not shown).
- High pressure fuel provided by a common rail system (not shown) is delivered through a first pipe means 3 into the cylinder head 2 and a second pipe means 4 is provided for supplying the high pressure fuel further within the cylinder head 1 into the injector holder 2.
- a first end 4a of the second pipe means 4 is tightly connected with the first pipe means 3.
- Any suitable fixing means 10 for example a sleeve with threaded connection with the pipe end 4a, may be provided for securing the tight connection between the first and the second pipe means 3 and 4.
- the second end 4b of the second pipe means 4 is in direct connection with the injector holder 2 by means of mutual contact surfaces 4e and 2a respectively.
- the surface 2a may be cone formed and the surface 4e is preferably ball shaped for providing a reliable and tight engagement.
- the cylinder head 1 is provided with a chamber 5,6 which is in communication with the clearance 11 between the cylinder head 1 and the injector holder 2 and locating a substantial part of the second pipe means 4.
- the arrangement includes further a fixing means 7, for instance a sleeve or the like bolt element, through which the second pipe means 4 is led and which is engaged by threads 8 with a first part 5 of the chamber 5,6 in the cylinder head 2.
- the second pipe means 4 is provided with an enlarged part 4c with a counter surface 4d arranged in cooperation with the surface 7a in the fixing means 7.
- These surfaces 4d and 7a can be cone formed.
- the surface 4d may with advantage be also ball formed so as to better comply with possible bending of the second pipe means as discussed below.
- the pipe means 4 can be tightly sealed to the counter surface 7a of the fixing means 7 more close to the first end 4a of the second pipe means 4.
- the enlarged part 4c need not be an integral part of the second pipe means 4 but if desired it may also be implemented as a separate threaded connection sleeve for instance.
- the part of the second pipe means 4 between the enlarged part and the injector holder 2 is of substantial length especially in view of its diameter.
- the advantage of this kind of layout of the second pipe means 4 within the second part of the chamber 6 is the long strain length which enables retention of load despite fuel temperature operation extremes of 40°C up to 150°C with heavy fuel oil. If needed a second part 6 of the chamber 5,6 allows some bending of the second pipe means 4 so that sufficient retention of load can be maintained under different conditions.
- this part of the second pipe means 4 may be provided with some guidance to provide limits to a bending of this kind. In the figure this is only schematically indicated by means of a supporting element 13.
- the first part 5 of the chamber 5,6 is through the second part 6 of the chamber 5,6 in communication with the clearance 11 in which a sealing mixture dribble drains out from the injector holder to the external surface thereof. Therefore these chamber parts 5 and 6 may with advantage be utilised for collecting this so called dirty leakage, which can be led away from the cylinder head 1 by means of a duct 12. This leakage may then be followed and a sudden and sufficient increase may be detected possibly indicating a large leakage to be taken care of to avoid any damage of the equipment.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
- The invention relates to a high pressure fuel connection arrangement to an injector holder in a common rail system for a large internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
- In this specification the term "large internal combustion engine" refers to such engines that are used, for example, as main propulsion engines or auxiliary engines in ships or in power plants for the production of heat and/or electricity.
- In a known arrangement a pipe for feeding high pressure fuel from a common rail system into an injector is directly connected with threads to the injector holder. It has turned out this is an unreliable solution since due to the rather limited length of the thread engagement the pipe has limited strain which may result in insufficient retaining force for sealing the high pressure common rail system at 1800 bar or more. Also provision of threads to the rather narrow wall section of the injector holder is not easy and may result in shortened lifecycle of the components.
-
DE 4239173 C1 shows a mounting arrangement for an injector in a cylinder head in accordance with the preamble of claim 1. - An object of the invention is to provide a new connection arrangement, which solves the above mentioned and other problems of the prior art. It is also an object of the invention to provide a reliable connection arrangement with uncomplicated construction. A further object is to provide an arrangement which makes it possible to handle and control leakage draining out from the outside of the injector holder and, thus, to enable controlling the condition of the injection equipment.
- The objects of the invention can be met substantially as is disclosed in claim 1, the other claims presenting more details of different features of the invention.
- In accordance with the invention the arrangement includes fixing means arranged in threaded connection with a first part of a chamber in the cylinder head for fixing the second pipe means tightly to the injector holder, the fixing means exerting the fixing force through an enlarged part with suitable counter surface arranged in the second pipe means. Said chamber is arranged in communication with the injector holder through a second part of the chamber, the second pipe means being at least of substantial length spaced apart from said chamber between the fixing means and the injector holder.
- Hereby direct connection of the pipe means by threads to the injection holder can be dispensed with allowing for sufficient tightening of the pipe means to the injector holder to comply with different operating conditions and fuels to be utilised in the engine. Since the chamber is in communication with the injector holder independent on the supply of the high pressure fuel through the pipe means it can with advantage be utilised for collecting leakage from the outside of the injector holder.
- The length of the second pipe means between the fixing means and the injector holder and the diameter of the chamber are selected so as to allow slight bending of the second pipe means located therein under certain strain caused by the fixing means. The use of pipe means with a long loaded length provides a better retained strain when pipe working lengths change due to thermal loading changes.
- In case there is a risk of excessive bending of the second pipe means the second pipe means may be provided with a supporting element for supporting it to the cylinder head along the second part of the chamber.
- In practice the length of the second pipe means between the enlarged part and the second end is with advantage from about 10 to 20 times the diameter thereof. The diameter of the chamber is respectively about 40% - 100% larger than the second pipe means located therein. By these dimensions it is easier to handle variations in the strain of the pipe means resulting from different operating conditions of the engine.
- When the chamber is arranged to collect so called dirty leakage draining from the external surface of the injector holder this chamber is practically pressureless since the question is only about a sealing mixture dribble. Notwithstanding, the cylinder head is in this case with advantage provided with a duct or the like for leading the collected leakage away from the chamber and the cylinder head. This allows for control of the volume of the leakage and detection of any larger leakages.
- In a favourable embodiment the first part of the chamber is with advantage bounded by the cylinder head, the fixing means and the second pipe means including the enlarged part thereof. The diameter of the first part of the chamber is with advantage substantially larger than the diameter of the second part of the chamber and includes substantial free space for collecting said leakage.
- The fixing means is preferably a sleeve formed bolt element through which the second pipe means is fitted. Thus it can easily be tightened by means of ordinary tools and it is in no direct connection with the high pressure fuel supplied through the pipe means.
- From the viewpoint of efficiently sealing the supply of high pressure fuel through the pipe means the contact surface of the fixing means is cone formed and its counter surface in the enlarged part is either ball formed or cone formed. Correspondingly, the head of the second end of the second pipe means is preferably ball shaped and its counter surface in the injector holder is cone formed. Ball shape of the head of the second end of the second pipe means is ideal to comply with possible misalignments as the pipe means bends on the assembly into the cylinder head.
- In the following the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing, the only figure of which illustrates an embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention as a sectional view.
- In the drawing the reference numeral 1 indicates a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine supporting an
injector holder 2 by means of which high pressure fuel is injected into a cylinder of the engine in a way known as such (not shown). High pressure fuel provided by a common rail system (not shown) is delivered through a first pipe means 3 into thecylinder head 2 and a second pipe means 4 is provided for supplying the high pressure fuel further within the cylinder head 1 into theinjector holder 2. Afirst end 4a of the second pipe means 4 is tightly connected with the first pipe means 3. Any suitable fixing means 10, for example a sleeve with threaded connection with thepipe end 4a, may be provided for securing the tight connection between the first and the second pipe means 3 and 4. Thesecond end 4b of the second pipe means 4 is in direct connection with theinjector holder 2 by means ofmutual contact surfaces surface 2a may be cone formed and thesurface 4e is preferably ball shaped for providing a reliable and tight engagement. - The cylinder head 1 is provided with a
chamber clearance 11 between the cylinder head 1 and theinjector holder 2 and locating a substantial part of the second pipe means 4. The arrangement includes further afixing means 7, for instance a sleeve or the like bolt element, through which the second pipe means 4 is led and which is engaged bythreads 8 with afirst part 5 of thechamber cylinder head 2. The second pipe means 4 is provided with an enlargedpart 4c with acounter surface 4d arranged in cooperation with thesurface 7a in thefixing means 7. Thesesurfaces surface 4e thesurface 4d may with advantage be also ball formed so as to better comply with possible bending of the second pipe means as discussed below. Hereby the pipe means 4 can be tightly sealed to thecounter surface 7a of the fixing means 7 more close to thefirst end 4a of the second pipe means 4. The enlargedpart 4c need not be an integral part of the second pipe means 4 but if desired it may also be implemented as a separate threaded connection sleeve for instance. - As can be seen from the figure the part of the second pipe means 4 between the enlarged part and the
injector holder 2 is of substantial length especially in view of its diameter. The advantage of this kind of layout of the second pipe means 4 within the second part of thechamber 6 is the long strain length which enables retention of load despite fuel temperature operation extremes of 40°C up to 150°C with heavy fuel oil. If needed asecond part 6 of thechamber element 13. Naturally such a supporting element should be designed to allow leakage through it so as to allow collecting leakage through thechamber parts second part 6 is with advantage of smaller diameter than thefirst part 5 of thechamber - As apparent from the figure the
first part 5 of thechamber second part 6 of thechamber clearance 11 in which a sealing mixture dribble drains out from the injector holder to the external surface thereof. Therefore thesechamber parts duct 12. This leakage may then be followed and a sudden and sufficient increase may be detected possibly indicating a large leakage to be taken care of to avoid any damage of the equipment. - The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above but it may be implemented in many other different embodiments within the scope of the attached claims.
Claims (8)
- A high pressure fuel connection arrangement to an injector holder (2) in a common rail system for a large internal combustion engine, comprising a first pipe means (3) for supplying the high pressure fuel provided by a common rail system into the cylinder head (1) of the engine and a second pipe means (4) for supplying the high pressure fuel further within the cylinder head (1) into the injector holder (2) to be injected into a cylinder of the engine, a first end (4a) of the second pipe means (4) being connected with the first pipe means (3) and the second end (4b) of the second pipe means (4) being in direct connection with said injector holder (2), the arrangement further including fixing means (7) arranged in threaded connection with a first part (5) of a chamber (5,6) in the cylinder head for fixing the second pipe means (4) tightly to the injector holder (2), the fixing means (7) exerting the fixing force through an enlarged part (4c) with suitable counter surface (4d) arranged in the second pipe means (4), said chamber (5,6) being arranged in communication with the injector holder (2) through a second part (6) of the chamber (5,6), the second pipe means (4) being spaced apart from said chamber (5,6) over a substantial part of its length between the fixing means (7) and the injector holder (2), characterized in that in order to provide a better retained strain for the second pipe means (4) located in the chamber (5,6) under changed thermal loading certain strain caused by the fixing means (7) is arranged to produce slight bending of the second pipe means (4) by selecting the length of the second pipe means (4) between the enlarged part (4c) and the second end (4b) to be from about 10 to 20 times the diameter thereof, and by selecting the diameter of the chamber (5,6) to be about 40% - 100% larger than the second pipe means (4) located therein.
- An arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the second pipe means (4) is provided with a supporting element (13) for supporting it to the cylinder head (1) along the second part (6) of the chamber (5,6).
- An arrangement according to any claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the chamber (5,6) is arranged to collect so called dirty leakage draining from the external surface of the injector holder (2) and that the cylinder head (1) is provided with a duct (12) or the like for leading the collected leakage away from the said chamber (5,6) and the cylinder head (1).
- An arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that the first part (5) of the chamber (5,6) is bounded by the cylinder head (1), the fixing means (7) and the second pipe means (4) including the enlarged part (4c) thereof.
- An arrangement according to claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the diameter of the first part (5) of the chamber (5,6) is substantially larger than the diameter of the second part (6) of the chamber (5,6) and includes substantial free space for collecting said leakage.
- An arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fixing means (7) is a sleeve formed bolt element through which the second pipe means (4) is fitted.
- An arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contact surface (7a) of the fixing means (7) is cone formed and its counter surface (4d) in the enlarged part (4c) is either ball formed or cone formed.
- An arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the head (4e) of the second end (4b) of the second pipe means (4) is ball shaped and its counter surface (2a) in the injector holder (2) is cone formed.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20085556A FI120843B (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2008-06-05 | High Pressure Fuel Interface Arrangement for Injector Nozzle in a Common Rail Storage System |
PCT/FI2009/050447 WO2009147290A2 (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2009-05-27 | A high pressure fuel connection arrangement to an injector holder in a common rail system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2286082A2 EP2286082A2 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2286082B1 true EP2286082B1 (en) | 2013-07-03 |
Family
ID=39589322
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09757668.0A Active EP2286082B1 (en) | 2008-06-05 | 2009-05-27 | A high pressure fuel connection arrangement to an injector holder in a common rail system |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2286082B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101522063B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102046959B (en) |
FI (1) | FI120843B (en) |
RU (1) | RU2499908C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009147290A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103967667A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-08-06 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | High-pressure fuel pipe turning-connection piece |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT509177B1 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2013-09-15 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | PRESSURE TUBE FITTINGS FOR COMMON RAIL INJECTION SYSTEM |
EP2589791B1 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2014-12-17 | Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG | Fuel inlet valve and cylinder head for housing a fuel inlet valve |
FR3028296B1 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-11-11 | Delphi Int Operations Luxembourg Sarl | DEVICE FOR ANTI ROTATION OF A FUEL LANCE |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2133287A5 (en) * | 1971-04-15 | 1972-11-24 | Semt | |
US3845748A (en) * | 1972-09-29 | 1974-11-05 | Mack Trucks | Fuel injection nozzle holder installation |
NL7902147A (en) * | 1978-03-21 | 1979-09-25 | Tatra Np | SCREW JOINT FOR CONNECTING A PIPE PIPE, ESPECIALLY AN INJECTION PIPE FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES. |
DE4239173C1 (en) * | 1992-11-21 | 1993-09-02 | Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 70327 Stuttgart, De | Cylinder-head for fuel-injection engine - has pressure pipe passing through clamping screw and with union at protruding end for injection pipe |
RU2117816C1 (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 1998-08-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Коломенский завод" | Internal combustion engine high pressure fuel line |
DE19853090A1 (en) * | 1998-11-18 | 2000-05-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection system |
FI108070B (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-11-15 | Waertsilae Tech Oy Ab | Hardware for locating a fuel leak with an internal combustion engine |
US6827065B2 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2004-12-07 | General Motors Corporation | Diesel injection system with dual flow fuel line |
FI119702B (en) * | 2003-10-17 | 2009-02-13 | Waertsilae Finland Oy | Internal combustion engine equipment for high pressure pipe leaks |
DE102006049224B4 (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2018-08-02 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Fuel supply system of an internal combustion engine |
-
2008
- 2008-06-05 FI FI20085556A patent/FI120843B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-05-27 CN CN2009801204906A patent/CN102046959B/en active Active
- 2009-05-27 KR KR1020107026692A patent/KR101522063B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2009-05-27 EP EP09757668.0A patent/EP2286082B1/en active Active
- 2009-05-27 WO PCT/FI2009/050447 patent/WO2009147290A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-05-27 RU RU2010154616/06A patent/RU2499908C2/en active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103967667A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-08-06 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | High-pressure fuel pipe turning-connection piece |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102046959B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
FI120843B (en) | 2010-03-31 |
KR20110013428A (en) | 2011-02-09 |
WO2009147290A2 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
FI20085556A (en) | 2009-12-06 |
RU2010154616A (en) | 2012-07-20 |
CN102046959A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
EP2286082A2 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
WO2009147290A3 (en) | 2010-01-21 |
RU2499908C2 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
FI20085556A0 (en) | 2008-06-05 |
KR101522063B1 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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