EP2279334A1 - Centrale d'énergie solaire thermique - Google Patents

Centrale d'énergie solaire thermique

Info

Publication number
EP2279334A1
EP2279334A1 EP09719258A EP09719258A EP2279334A1 EP 2279334 A1 EP2279334 A1 EP 2279334A1 EP 09719258 A EP09719258 A EP 09719258A EP 09719258 A EP09719258 A EP 09719258A EP 2279334 A1 EP2279334 A1 EP 2279334A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
panel system
accumulator tank
sun panel
accumulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09719258A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2279334A4 (fr
Inventor
Örjan FORSLUND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GREELEC AB
Original Assignee
Forslund Control
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Forslund Control filed Critical Forslund Control
Publication of EP2279334A1 publication Critical patent/EP2279334A1/fr
Publication of EP2279334A4 publication Critical patent/EP2279334A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/003—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy having a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F03G6/065—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K1/00—Steam accumulators
    • F01K1/12—Multiple accumulators; Charging, discharging or control specially adapted therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F01K3/12—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having two or more accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S90/00—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for
    • F24S90/10—Solar heat systems not otherwise provided for using thermosiphonic circulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of energy transformation, and particularly to a thermal solar power plant according to the preamble of the independent claim.
  • Sun energy is generally referred to as the direct transformation of solar radiation into electricity and heat, and may be performed in solar cells, sun panels or on a large scale in solar power stations.
  • Solar cells may locally actuate electric apparatuses or small plants outside the ordinary electricity supply network, or may be connected in large numbers for connection to the electricity supply network.
  • Sun panels on rooftops may produce hot water for consumption in houses or operate larger plants to heat up great amounts of water that may be stored seasonally.
  • Solar power stations use sun energy to generate electricity with turbine actuated generators (thermal solar power stations) or by means of solar cells.
  • thermal solar power stations the sunlight is used to generate electricity with conventional steam turbine technology.
  • large sun following mirrors on stands may be used which reflect and concentrate the direct solar radiation to an absorber on top of a sun tower.
  • the water is heated to a high temperature and forms steam.
  • the steam is then conveyed to a steam turbine connected to a generator, where the electricity finally is produced.
  • Another kind of solar power station makes use of stationary or sun following solar cells, in which solar radiation is directly transformed into electricity.
  • a thermal power plant incorporating subterranean cooling of condenser coolant is known.
  • a subterranean heat exchanger is used through which the coolant fluid is recirculated when cycling through the condenser.
  • the power plant is thus fairly complex and includes excavating work to be installed.
  • the object of the present invention is to replace environmentally dangerous production of electricity with an environmentally friendly and secure process.
  • a further aim is to provide a power plant that is more adapted to be used in harsh environment to provide electricity at distant rural places.
  • a thermal solar power plant comprising a sun panel system for transferring of solar energy to a fluid, a first accumulator tank which is connected to the sun panel system, whereby the fluid is arranged to circulate via tubes and valves between the first accumulator tank and the sun panel system.
  • a turbine is connected to the first accumulator tank by means of at least one pressure regulated valve, and an electricity generator is connected to the turbine, for generation of electricity.
  • the power plant further comprises a second accumulator tank which is connected to the sun panel system, whereby the fluid is arranged to circulate via tubes and valves between the second accumulator tank and the sun panel system.
  • the second accumulator tank is connected to the turbine by means of at least one pressure regulated valve, whereby the sun panel system alternately heats up fluid which circulates between the first accumulator tank and the sun panel system, and fluid which circulates between the second accumulator tank and the sun panel system.
  • the invention achieves a solution to the problem of producing energy in an environmentally friendly way, by using only solar power and transforming it into electricity.
  • the electricity is produced without environmentally unfriendly discharge into the nature.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a first embodiment according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the relationship between temperature and saturation pressure.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a second embodiment according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a third embodiment according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 illustrated the circulation of fluid between an accumulator tank and a sun panel system.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a thermal solar power plant 1 according to the invention.
  • the power plant 1 comprises a sun panel system 2 for transferring of solar energy to a fluid and a first accumulator tank 3 which is connected to the sun panel system 2, whereby the fluid is arranged to circulate via tubes and valves 6 between the first accumulator tank 3 and the sun panel system 2.
  • the power plant 1 also comprises a turbine 4 connected to the first accumulator tank 3 by means of at least one pressure regulated valve 5, 6, and an electricity generator 8, connected to the turbine 4, for generation of electricity.
  • the power plant 1 further comprises a second accumulator tank 7 which is connected to the sun panel system 2, whereby the fluid is arranged to circulate via tubes and valves 6 between the second accumulator tank 7 and the sun panel system 2.
  • the second accumulator tank 7 is connected to the turbine 4 by means of at least one pressure regulated valve 5, 6, whereby the sun panel system 2 alternately heats up fluid which circulates between the first accumulator tank 3 and the sun panel system 2, and fluid which circulates between the second accumulator tank 7 and the sun panel system 2.
  • the thermal solar power plant 1 may be constructed in large units as well as small units.
  • the electricity may be used for production of hydrogen gas or production of other kinds of power accumulators, or alternatively be delivered directly to power consumers.
  • the power plant 1 may produce electricity to the existing power network for industrial and private use.
  • the power plant 1 may further replace existing power stations and produce environmentally friendly electricity at an acceptable cost.
  • the first and second accumulator tanks 3, 7, respectively, are arranged to receive condense, condense fluid and gas from the turbine 4 via tubes and valves 5, 6.
  • the fluid may thus be used again and no refilling of fluid to the thermal solar power plant is needed. No fluid or gas is given off to the environment, which makes it possible to use fluids that transforms into gas at a relatively low temperature, which would otherwise contaminate the environment if given off from the power plant 1.
  • the thermal solar power plant 1 according to the invention may thus replace existing production plants which do not meet environmental demands according to present and future needs, as the thermal solar plant 1 does not release any environmentally dangerous elements, as the process is completely closed. The same fluid is thus continuously used.
  • the valves 5 from the accumulator tanks 3, 7 are pressure regulated two- way valves.
  • the fluid is heated up to desired temperature, whereby the valve 5 opens and the fluid is transformed into the form of gas, according to the curve illustrated in figure 2, and is directed via a further valve 6 to the turbine 4, which is put into rotation.
  • a valve 5 connected to the accumulator tank 3 is opened and gas is conveyed via a tube to a valve 6, which according to one embodiment is a pressure regulated three-way valve.
  • the valve 6 then opens, and gas is conveyed to the turbine 4.
  • the rotation of the turbine 4 is transformed into electricity by means of an electricity generator 8. Electricity is produced and is fed to a predetermined consumer.
  • the thermal power plant according to the invention accordingly takes advantage of the relation between the saturation pressure and the boiling point temperature.
  • a preferably pressure regulated valve 5 e.g. expansion valve
  • the gas flows to the turbine 4 and puts the turbine 4 into rotation.
  • the gas is then condensed because of the lowering in temperature and is stored in the next accumulator tank 7.
  • the gas is thus condensed and is fed to the second accumulator tank 7 via valve(s) 6 (from the turbine and according to one embodiment also from the other accumulator tank 3).
  • the valve 6 is according to one embodiment a pressure regulated three-way valve.
  • the sun panel system 2 is coupled to the newly filled second accumulator tank 7, via the tubes and valves 6 between the sun panel system 2 and the newly filled second accumulator tank 7, and is reheated.
  • the control valve 5 connected to the second accumulator valve 5 is opened whereupon the fluid is transformed into the form of gas and is conveyed to the turbine 4 which is put in rotation whereby electricity is generated.
  • the condensed gas from the turbine is conveyed from the turbine 4 to the first accumulator tank 3.
  • the sun panel system 2 is coupled to the newly filled first accumulator tank 3 and fluid is reheated.
  • accumulator tank 3, 7 is made when the sun goes down.
  • the power plant may be dimensioned for different needs, whereby the volume of accumulator tanks 3, 7, the dimensions and number of the sun panels in the sun panel system(s), as well as the number of accumulator tanks 3, 7 may be varied according to required performance.
  • Many accumulator tanks 3, 7 and sun panel systems 2 may be connected to a common turbine.
  • Fluid is chosen with care such that the temperature range from started heating to finished heating is adapted to the efficient operating range for the geographical location in question for the power plant 1.
  • fluids There is a plurality of different fluids that may be used. For example may oil or water with an additive be used as a fluid.
  • fluids are trichlorofluormethane, dichlorofluoromethane, dibromotetrafluoromethane, isopentane, methylformate and dichloromethane.
  • fluids here mentioned should not be seen as limiting the scope of the invention as defined by the appending claims.
  • a fluid may thus circulate through the sun panel system 2 and the first accumulator tank 3 or second accumulator tank 7.
  • the fluid may according to one embodiment, illustrated in figure 5, independently circulate as the fluid density is changed by the heating of sun panel system 2, whereby the change in fluid density causes the circulation of fluid between respective accumulator tank 3, 7 and the sun panel system 2.
  • the fluid will expand as the fluid is heated, and this expansion makes the fluid lighter.
  • the tubes conveying fluid from the accumulator tanks 3, 7 to the sun panel system 2 are then preferably connected to the sun panel system 2, such that fluid is conveyed from the accumulator tanks 3, 7 to the lower part of the sun panel system 2.
  • the tubes conveying fluid from the sun panel system 2 back to the accumulator tanks 3, 7 are then preferably connected from the uppermost part of the sun panel system 2 to the accumulator tanks 3, 7.
  • Two columns of fluid A and B with the same height h, but with different density will then be obtained (shown schematically as side A and side B in the figure 5).
  • h is the height from the fluid level in an accumulator tank 3, 7 to the lowermost level of the tube conveying fluid from an accumulator tank 3, 7 to the sun panel system 2.
  • the column of fluid B including the sun panel system 2 becomes lighter than the column of fluid A in the tube on the other side which does not include the sun panel system 2.
  • the difference in weight of the columns of fluid A and B thus causes the circulation of fluid. It is accordingly advantageous if the sun panel system 2 is placed underneath the accumulator tanks 3, 7.
  • the fluid is pumped through the sun panel system 2 and the first accumulator tank 3 and second accumulator tank 7, respectively, by means of at least one circulation pump 9 which causes the circulation of fluid.
  • the pump 9 may be energized by solar power.
  • the alternation of heating of fluid circulating between one of the accumulator tanks 3, 7 and the sun panel system 2, to heating up fluid circulating between the other accumulator tank 3, 7 and said sun panel system 2 is actuated when the pressure measured by a pressure sensor 11 in the former accumulator tank 3, 7 decreases below a certain threshold value.
  • the accumulator tanks 3, 7 may thus comprise a pressure sensor 11 each which gives sensing signals to a control unit 12, which in turn compares the signals with the threshold value and controls the preferably pressure regulated valves 6 accordingly, to alternate the heating of fluid.
  • This control scheme is illustrated in figures 1 and 3 by dotted lines to and from the control unit 12, and the valves 6 and sensors 11.
  • the alternation of heating of fluid circulating between one of the accumulator tanks 3, 7 and sun panel system 2, to heating up fluid circulating between the other accumulator tank 3, 7 and the sun panel system 2 is actuated when the amount of fluid measured by a level sensor 11 or a weight sensor 11 in the former accumulator tank decreases below a certain threshold value.
  • the accumulator tanks 3, 7 may thus comprise a level sensor 11 or weight sensor 11 each, which generates sensing signals to a control unit 12.
  • the control unit 12 compares the signals with the threshold value and controls the preferably pressure regulated valves 6 accordingly, to alternate the heating of fluid.
  • This control scheme is also illustrated in figure 1 and 3 by dotted lines to and from the control unit 12, and the valves 6 and sensors 11.
  • the alternation of heating of fluid circulating between one of the accumulator tanks 3, 7 and sun panel system 2, to heating up fluid circulating between the other accumulator tank 3, 7 and the sun panel system 2 is actuated when the temperature of the fluid measured by a temperature sensor 11 in the former accumulator tank decreases below a certain threshold value.
  • the accumulator tanks 3, 7 may thus comprise a temperature sensor 11 each which gives sensing signals to a control unit 12.
  • the control unit 12 compares the signals with the threshold value and controls the preferably pressure regulated valves 6 accordingly, to alternate the heating of fluid.
  • This control scheme is also illustrated in figure 1 and 3 by dotted lines to and from the control unit 12, and the valves 6 and sensors 11.
  • pressure equalization is needed between the sun panel system 2 and accumulator tanks 3, 7. This is made to facilitate replenishment of fluid in the sun panel system 2.
  • fluid pressure differences between the sun panel system 2 and accumulator tanks 3, 7 are equalized by using pipes between the sun panel system 2 and the accumulator tanks 3, 7 (not shown in the figures). This to eliminate that gas bubbles stays in the tubes between the sun panel system 2 and the accumulator tanks 3, 7. Pipes and valve are placed such that the gas is conveyed out of the sun panel system 2 into the accumulators 3, 7. In these cases the uppermost part of the fluid level in the sun panel system 2 should be in level with the fluid level in the accumulator tank 3, 7.
  • the turbine 4 is connected to a condense accumulator 10, which in turn is connected to the accumulator tanks 3, 7 via valves 5.
  • a condense accumulator 10 it is possible to further avoid fluctuations levels in the power plant system 1.
  • the power plant 1 comprises more than two accumulator tanks connected to the sun panel system 2.
  • the valves denoted 6 in the figure 1 and 3 are then preferably adapted to the number of accumulator tanks in the power plant, i.e. four accumulator tanks gives a need for five-way valves 6.
  • some of the accumulator tanks are connected to at least one more sun panel system, but are connected to the same turbine 4, whereby the turbine 4 has several turbine wheels to render it possible to receive gas from different tubes and valves 6. The possibility to drive the turbine 4 continuously is obtained, without any interruptions because it takes time to heat the fluid in the accumulator tanks.
  • Figure 4 illustrates one example of a power plant 1 with three accumulator tanks 3, 7, 13 connected to the same sun panel system 2.
  • the valves denoted 5 and 6 are here two-way valves.
  • a start fluid is added to the power plant 1.
  • Fluid in the accumulator tank 3 is heated (when the fluid circulates between the tank 3 and the sun panel system 2).
  • Gas is then conveyed to the accumulator tank 13, and air is then pressed out of the tubes. Then air is pressed out of the other accumulator tanks such that a great surface is obtained for the steam formation.
  • the power plant 1 according to the embodiment illustrated in the figure 4 then functions as follows:
  • One accumulator tank e.g.
  • the sun panel system 2 comprises at least one sun panel, and advantageously several.
  • the amount of sun panels may thus be adjusted according to size of the power plant and the solar energy during the day at the intended localization for the power plant 1.
  • the accumulator tanks 3, 7, 13 may also be dimensioned such that alternation between the accumulator tanks 3, 7, 13 occurs in accordance with the amount of solar energy during the day.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapport à une centrale d’énergie solaire thermique comprenant un système de panneaux solaires pour transférer l’énergie solaire à un fluide et un premier réservoir qui est relié au système de panneaux solaires. Selon l’invention, le fluide est conçu pour circuler entre le premier réservoir et le système de panneaux solaires à travers des tubes et des vannes. Une turbine est reliée au premier réservoir par le biais d’au moins une vanne de régulation de la pression et un générateur d’électricité est relié à la turbine pour générer de l’électricité. La centrale d’énergie comprend en plus un deuxième réservoir qui est relié au système de panneaux solaires. Toujours selon l’invention, le fluide est conçu pour circuler entre le deuxième réservoir et le système de panneaux solaires à travers des tubes et des vannes. Le deuxième réservoir est relié à la turbine par le biais d’au moins une vanne de régulation de la pression. Selon l’invention, le système de panneaux solaires chauffe alternativement le fluide qui circule entre le premier réservoir et le système de panneaux solaires et le fluide qui circule entre le deuxième réservoir et le système de panneaux solaires.
EP09719258.7A 2008-03-12 2009-03-11 Centrale d'énergie solaire thermique Withdrawn EP2279334A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0800564A SE533122C2 (sv) 2008-03-12 2008-03-12 Omvandlare av solenergi till elektricitet
PCT/SE2009/050249 WO2009113954A1 (fr) 2008-03-12 2009-03-11 Centrale d’énergie solaire thermique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2279334A1 true EP2279334A1 (fr) 2011-02-02
EP2279334A4 EP2279334A4 (fr) 2017-10-25

Family

ID=41065477

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09719258.7A Withdrawn EP2279334A4 (fr) 2008-03-12 2009-03-11 Centrale d'énergie solaire thermique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2279334A4 (fr)
SE (1) SE533122C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009113954A1 (fr)

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EP2326821A2 (fr) * 2008-09-24 2011-06-01 Würz, Raimund Machine thermique et procédé permettant de la faire fonctionner
TW201134386A (en) * 2010-04-09 2011-10-16 Tung-Teh Lee Automatic water-supply control device
US9140467B2 (en) * 2011-03-13 2015-09-22 Avraham Sadeh Solar energy system
HRPK20110835B3 (hr) 2011-11-14 2014-08-01 Zvonimir Glasnović Solarna termalna hidroelektrana za istovremenu proizvodnju energije i pitke vode
DE102012011961B3 (de) * 2012-06-18 2013-11-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ventil und nach dem Thermosiphon-Prinzip arbeitende Solarkollektoreinrichtung
SE1550274A1 (en) * 2015-03-06 2016-09-07 Greel Ab Energy conversion system and method
IT201900002385A1 (it) 2019-02-19 2020-08-19 Energy Dome S P A Impianto e processo per l’accumulo di energia
IT202000003680A1 (it) * 2020-02-21 2021-08-21 Energy Dome S P A Impianto e processo per l’accumulo di energia
EP4328425A1 (fr) * 2022-08-23 2024-02-28 Edip Özkan Générateur d'énergie à circulation d'eau

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE0800564L (sv) 2009-09-13
EP2279334A4 (fr) 2017-10-25
WO2009113954A1 (fr) 2009-09-17
SE533122C2 (sv) 2010-06-29

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