EP2274485B2 - Paper layer for producing a planar printed or printable component - Google Patents
Paper layer for producing a planar printed or printable component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2274485B2 EP2274485B2 EP09707694.7A EP09707694A EP2274485B2 EP 2274485 B2 EP2274485 B2 EP 2274485B2 EP 09707694 A EP09707694 A EP 09707694A EP 2274485 B2 EP2274485 B2 EP 2274485B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper layer
- paper
- resin
- component
- printed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
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- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
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- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M7/00—After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating, setting of the ink, protection of the printed stock
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
- B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers
- B44C5/0469—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers comprising a decorative sheet and a core formed by one or more resin impregnated sheets of paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/72—Coated paper characterised by the paper substrate
- D21H19/76—Coated paper characterised by the paper substrate the substrate having specific absorbent properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/70—Multistep processes; Apparatus for adding one or several substances in portions or in various ways to the paper, not covered by another single group of this main group
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/18—Paper- or board-based structures for surface covering
- D21H27/22—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses
- D21H27/26—Structures being applied on the surface by special manufacturing processes, e.g. in presses characterised by the overlay sheet or the top layers of the structures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a paper layer with the preamble features of patent claim 1.
- the present invention relates to a flat, printed or printable component with a paper layer of the aforementioned type and a method for producing such a component.
- Paper layers for producing flat, printed or printable components for floor, wall, ceiling or furniture applications are also known from practice.
- an ink-receiving layer is applied to the fiber structure of the actual paper layer. Investigations which have been carried out by the applicant have shown that the particles of the ink-receiving layer are on average a few micrometers.
- the ink-receiving layer which has silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide as its main components, is applied over the entire surface of the top of the paper structure and rests on it, completely covering and hiding the paper structure.
- the ink-receiving layer although it engages superficially in the fiber structure, is essentially arranged above the fiber structure and covers and thus closes the fibers and the spaces between the fibers.
- the known paper produces an essentially closed, uniform surface, which leads to a very good print result.
- This publication relates to a method and a device for producing a paper web printable by means of an inkjet printing process, which paper web is then applied to plates or panels.
- the aim here is to provide an inkjet printing process, whereby the print result on the surface of the objects to be printed corresponds to the highest quality requirements in terms of appearance.
- a paper web that is absorbent for liquid synthetic resin along its entire thickness is soaked from the underside with liquid synthetic resin in such a way that the synthetic resin does not completely penetrate the paper web, so that the other side of the paper web is at least essentially free of synthetic resin.
- the from the EP 1 749 676 A1 known paper web has an upper-side, essentially resin-free area which makes up about 50% of the thickness of the paper web.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a paper layer of the type mentioned at the outset, in which, on the one hand, a very good print result is possible and, on the other hand, a good connection to the base body of a component and possibly to a protective layer on the top is ensured.
- an ink-absorbing compound to be provided at least on the upper side of the fiber structure, which at least essentially encases the upper-side area of the fibers, and that open spaces in the coated fiber structure remain on the upper side of the paper layer, i.e. not covered by the ink-absorbing compound are.
- a plurality of open spaces with a length of greater than 20 ⁇ m and / or an opening area of greater than 250 ⁇ m 2 are provided on the upper side of the paper layer.
- the ink absorbing mass has particles with an average diameter of 50 nm to 400 nm and the weight per unit area of the ink absorbing mass is between 0.5 g / m 2 and 20 g / m 2 .
- the invention is based, first of all, on the basic idea of providing an ink absorbing composition as a so-called pigment coating to which the printing ink or ink is applied. At the same time it is the case that the ink absorbing compound does not provide a quasi-closed, flat surface.
- the fibers are sheathed or when dye absorbing particles in the nano range are used, uncovered, outwardly open spaces remain in the fiber structure, which ensure that the paper layer is sufficiently resinified. If the upper side of the fiber structure is only partially covered with the dye-absorbing compound, free areas remain in any case, which also ensure the necessary resin build-up.
- the solution according to the invention is initially rejected by the applicant because it was feared that the paper layer with the incorporated or applied ink-absorbing mass, in which the structure caused by the cellulose fibers is ultimately still recognizable despite the color-absorbing mass, cannot achieve an adequate print result.
- the invention does not result in a closed, essentially flat printing surface as in the prior art. In practical tests which were then carried out, however, it was found that the printing result that can be achieved with the paper according to the invention does not differ, or only insignificantly, from the printing result that is achieved with the known paper mentioned above.
- the invention also offers the possibility that the paper layer can be printed with the ink absorbing material both before and after it is applied to the base body of a component.
- the paper layer can be printed with the ink absorbing material both before and after it is applied to the base body of a component.
- the printed paper layer can then be pressed with the base body of the component under the influence of pressure and heat, the resin first melting and then curing immediately.
- the particles of the ink absorption compound should preferably have an average Have diameters between 100 nm and 300 nm and in particular between 150 nm and 250 nm. Very good tests have been achieved with particle sizes in the range of around 200 nm in diameter.
- the paper layer according to the invention has an excellent resin coating, regardless of whether the resin coating is carried out from above or from below.
- the aforementioned dimensions of the interspaces are not only provided "sporadically”, but if they are located on the entire upper side of the paper layer. It has been found that at least one intermediate space, preferably more than three and in particular more than ten intermediate spaces of the aforementioned type, should be provided on the upper side per unit area [nm 2 ].
- the weight per unit area of the dye absorbing compound is between 0.5 g / m 2 and 20 g / m 2 .
- a significantly lower proportion of ink absorbing compound is used than in the prior art. This has a considerable effect on the acquisition costs of the paper layer.
- the costs of the paper according to the invention are lower by a factor of 3 than that of the paper known from practice mentioned at the beginning.
- the ink absorbing compound also has titanium dioxide, barium sulfate and silicates, in particular as main components.
- the dye-absorbing compound is basic. It has been found that the resin to be applied is generally basic, i.e. has a pH value greater than 7. It has also been found that the resin solidifies more easily or faster in an acidic environment than in a basic environment. In order to ensure that the resin is well resinated through, the ink absorbing compound and, if appropriate, the paper of the fiber structure should be basic.
- the paper or the fiber structure should be a decorative paper that has a weight per unit area without resin content but with an ink absorbing mass between 30 g / m 2 and 300 g / m 2 , preferably between 50 g / m 2 and 120 g / m 2 and in particular about 70 g / m 2 .
- the paper layer according to the invention with the ink-absorbing compound embedded in the fiber structure can in principle have no resin before the printing and only be resinated after the printing. In principle, however, it is also possible for the paper layer to be resinated in a defined manner from the underside before printing in such a way that the upper area of the fiber structure with little or no resin content extends preferably over a maximum of 30% of the thickness of the fiber structure. In particular, the upper paper layer area extends over a maximum of only 20% of the thickness of the paper layer and more preferably over a maximum of 10% of the thickness of the paper layer, each individual value between 0.1% of the thickness of the paper layer and 30% of the thickness of the paper layer being possible and expressly provided as being essential to the invention.
- the aforementioned values of the thickness of the upper paper layer area relate to the not yet pressed state of the paper layer, that is, when the paper layer has not yet been applied to the base body of the component under the influence of pressure and / or heat.
- an upper protective layer which is also resinified, is applied to a printed component, at least if it is used in the floor area, under the influence of pressure and heat.
- the one from the EP 1 749 676 A1 known component after the protective layer has been pressed, a substantially resin-free layer area remains between the resin of the protective layer and the resin of the paper layer. Since the resin of the protective layer does not bond or does not bond sufficiently with that of the paper layer, this can, as already stated at the outset, lead to the protective layer becoming detached.
- the present invention it has been recognized that a sufficient connection of the resin of the paper layer with the protective layer can be ensured by the comparatively large spaces between the fibers.
- the amount of resin added to the underside is controlled in a process-technically defined manner as a function of the porosity and thus the absorbency of the paper layer and the viscosity of the resin. If the resin is applied, for example, via a roller that runs through an immersion bath, with the underside of the paper layer being guided over a roller, the immersion depth of the roller, the surface properties of the roller, the diameter of the roller and the contact pressure play a role as further process parameters the paper layer and the roller and the transport speed of the paper layer matter. It goes without saying that the resin can also be applied to the paper layer in another way, for example by nozzle application.
- the paper layer In order to achieve a defined layer thickness of the upper paper layer area, it is also advisable for the paper layer to be impregnated from the top in a defined manner with a barrier liquid that does not mix with the resin, such that a preferably more than 30% of the thickness of the paper layer results Forms a barrier layer for the resin.
- the application of the barrier liquid can take place in the same way as the application of the resin or in principle in a different manner. After the paper layer has been resinified, the barrier liquid is evaporated. The space originally occupied by the barrier liquid then forms the upper paper layer area. However, it goes without saying that it is basically also possible to add the barrier liquid in such a way that ultimately no defined barrier layer is created.
- the barrier liquid contains the ink-absorbing mass according to the invention, which is deposited in the upper paper layer area after evaporation, so that the sheathing or coating of the fibers is then obtained.
- the ink-absorbing mass can be applied in connection with or following the impregnation with barrier liquid.
- the ink absorbing mass can be applied separately or together with the barrier liquid by rolling, spraying, knife coating, blade coating, air brushing, cast coating processes, film pressing, linen pressing, curtain casting processes and / or by slot nozzle application.
- the resin coating can be carried out with just one resin or, if necessary, in several resin coating steps also with different resins in order to achieve certain properties of the paper layer.
- the paper layer can be dried and then the ink absorbing compound can be applied. This can be followed by drying again.
- a so-called wet / wet treatment takes place.
- the ink absorbing material is applied before the resin has completely dried, i.e. is still in a liquid or gelled or gelled state. This is followed by the joint drying of the resin-coated paper layer provided with the ink-absorbing material.
- the weight per unit area of the resin content in the paper according to the invention should be between 5 g / m 2 and 300 g / m 2 , preferably between 20 g / m 2 and 100 g / m 2 in order to ensure a good connection between the paper layer and the base body of the component and, if necessary, the protective layer to be provided.
- the resin itself is preferred a reactivatable resin, in particular an aminoplast such as a melamine resin or a urea resin.
- an aminoplast such as a melamine resin or a urea resin.
- resins from the group of diallyl phthalates, epoxy resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, hamic acid-acetylic acid ester copolyesters, melamine-formaldehyde resins, melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, poly (meth) acrylates or unsaturated polyester Resins used.
- the paper layer in order to achieve good printing results, it is advantageous for the paper layer to be heated or warmed up before, during and / or after the application of the ink layer.
- corresponding heating devices can be provided which heat the paper layer or the ink-absorbing mass. This can be done, for example, using an appropriate fan.
- infrared, in particular NIR heating devices and / or microwave heating devices can be provided, which act directly on the water content in the paint layer. The heating or warming can, as stated above, take place before, during and / or after the printing.
- one or more heaters can be provided, the heating path not only being provided at certain points, but also extending over a larger area, for example between 0 and 5 m and in particular between 0 and 2 m before and / or after the respective pressure point.
- the temperature of these surfaces should advantageously be between 30 ° C. and 40 ° C., preferably around 35 ° C., during the preheating and / or post-heating.
- the aforementioned heating leads to an immediate drying of the ink layer on the ink-receiving layer as soon as the printing ink or ink is released by the print head, as well as drying of the fiber structure. It should be pointed out in the present case that the aforementioned heating or warming is also of independent inventive importance, that is to say independently of the paper layer according to the invention.
- the paper layer After drying, the paper layer is either cut on sheets or rolled up as a continuous web. In principle, with the method according to the invention, it is also possible for printing to take place before cutting / rolling up.
- the present invention further relates to a printed or printable, flat component, in particular for floor, wall, ceiling and / or furniture applications, with a flat base body and with a printable or printed paper layer applied to the base body according to one of the preceding Expectations.
- the paper layer according to the invention is basically printed before further processing and only then applied to the base body of the component.
- the paper according to the invention is therefore not restricted to a specific type of production.
- the base body has been coated directly with the paper layer in a short-cycle press process.
- the resin-coated paper layer hardens and melts directly on the base plate of a corresponding press under pressure and heat.
- the base body in the short-cycle pressing process, it is essential that the base body, as a carrier plate, should not or only insignificantly yield to the pressing pressure, which is usually between 200 and 650 N / cm 2 .
- the base body and the paper layers to be applied must not touch the hot press plates during entry and exit.
- the temperature during pressing is generally between 80 ° C and 250 ° C, preferably between 140 ° C and 200 ° C. The respective temperature during pressing depends on the reactivation temperature of the resin.
- the critical idle time i.e. the time from the first contact of the resin-coated paper layer with the press plate until the necessary press pressure is reached, must be observed. The critical idle time should be extremely short.
- the printing of the paper layer is preferably carried out by means of a digital printing process, in particular an inkjet printing process. So-called inkjet digital printers are then preferably used, with which excellent printing results can be achieved.
- inkjet digital printers are then preferably used, with which excellent printing results can be achieved.
- decors can be designed in a simple manner with the aid of computers and can be printed on at short notice.
- the paper layer is only printed after it has been resinified.
- Solvent-based inks and / or water-based inks are preferably used for printing.
- UV-based ink systems can also be used.
- these have the disadvantage of developing an odor.
- problems can arise during pressing.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing a printed or printable flat component of the aforementioned type, wherein the procedural features result from the above-mentioned statements without further ado.
- range specifications and intervals include all individual values and intermediate intervals or intermediate range specifications within the range specifications and intervals, including in the decimal range, and are regarded as essential to the invention, without any explicit mention of individual values or intermediate intervals or intermediate range information is required.
- a paper layer 1 is shown schematically.
- the paper layer 1 consists of a conventional absorbent or liquid-absorbing paper material, in the present case a decorative paper.
- the decor paper has one in the Fig. 4 , 6 and 8th recognizable fiber structure, which is made up of a large number of fibers, in this case cellulose fibers.
- the paper layer 1 as such can be part of a roll or a sheet.
- the paper layer 1 has an upper side 2 for later printing and an underside 3 which is intended to be placed on the base body 4 of a component 5.
- the component 5 can be any flat, printed or printable element that can be used in the floor, wall, ceiling and / or furniture area.
- the component 5 is a plate or a panel.
- FIG. 4 , 6 and 8th show only a view of the top of the paper layer 1, it emerges from these representations that the paper layer 1 has a multiplicity of fibers 6, which ultimately form a three-dimensional fiber structure 7. There are spaces 8 between the individual fibers 6.
- an ink-absorbing compound 9 is provided on the upper side in the fiber structure 7, which ultimately forms an ink-absorbing layer which is incorporated in the fiber structure 7 at least essentially on the upper side.
- the ink absorbing compound 9 does not protrude or only slightly protrudes over the fiber structure 7 towards the top. Since the ink absorbing compound 9 is very fine-grained, namely has particles with an average diameter in the nano range, the ink absorbing compound 9 encases the fibers 6 of the upper area of the fiber structure 7. Due to the fine grain of the particles of the ink absorbing compound 9, the coated fiber structure 7 remains on the upper side the top side 2 of the paper layer 1 also forms open spaces 8. This results in particular from the Fig. 4 , 6 and 8th which also make it clear that the ink absorbing compound 9 does not lie over the upper side of the fiber structure 7 in such a way that the fibers 6 can no longer be recognized as such. The fibers 6 remain at least partially uncovered.
- the Fig. 4 , 6 and 8th make it clear that despite the color-absorbing compound 9 on the top, the fiber structure 7 is at least partially still recognizable and open spaces 8 remain between the fibers 6.
- This feature ultimately represents the decisive difference to the prior art, as can be seen from a comparison with the Fig. 5 , 7th and 9 results.
- the two aforementioned figures show that the fiber structure of the known paper layer can no longer be seen there.
- the top of the paper layer is formed by a coarse-grained ink-receiving layer. The average diameter of these particles is a few micrometers.
- the ink-absorbing mass is ultimately due to the comparatively coarse particles on the fiber structure, covers it and covers it completely so much that it is no longer recognizable. As a result, no upwardly open spaces remain between the fibers.
- the weight per unit area of the ink absorbing compound 9 is comparatively low and in the present case is around 5 g / m 2 . With the small particle size, which is around 200 nm on average, such a low weight per unit area is sufficient to encase at least the fibers 6 in the upper region of the fiber structure 7 and at the same time leave a sufficient number of spaces 8 open. It should be noted, however, that, deviating from the representation according to Fig. 1 In principle, it is also possible for the ink absorbing compound 9 to extend into the central area, the lower area or even to the underside 3 of the fiber structure 7. In any case, however, it is necessary for the necessary resin build-up that the previously described open spaces are present in each plane of the fiber structure 7.
- the ink absorbing compound 9 itself has titanium dioxide, barium sulfate and silicates as main components and is otherwise basic.
- the fiber structure 7 of the paper layer 1 is formed by a decorative paper which has a weight per unit area, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 shown, that is, without resin content but with ink absorption compound 9, of about 70 g / m 2 .
- the decorative paper can also have a very much smaller or a very much larger basis weight.
- the paper layer 1 shown is unprinted and without resin.
- the paper layer 1 is first of all printed, that is to say provided with a printing layer 10 and then treated with resin. This state is in Fig. 2 shown schematically, the paper layer 1 being completely covered with resin over its entire thickness.
- the resin concentration can in principle be the same over the thickness of the paper layer 1 or it can also vary from one side to the other or from both sides towards the center.
- the resin which is preferably a melamine resin, or its viscosity is matched to the type of paper material of the paper layer 1 and also to the resin coating process in such a way that the entire thickness of the paper layer 1 is completely resinated is.
- the weight per unit area of the resin component is around 80 g / m 2 in the present case.
- the paper layer 1 can also be resinified in a defined manner from the underside 3 before printing, so that the upper area of the fiber structure 7 with little or no resin content extends over a predetermined thickness, preferably over a maximum of 30% of the thickness of the fiber structure 1 extends.
- the printing or color layer 10 has been applied in the present case by means of an inkjet digital printer (not shown), that is to say by means of the inkjet printing process, although other printing processes, in particular gravure printing, are also possible. Both solvent-based and water-based inks can be used as printing inks.
- the component 5 is shown in detail, which has the already mentioned flat base body 4, in particular with a rectangular shape.
- the base body 4 can be constructed in one or more layers and in particular consist of wood and / or plastic materials.
- the component 5 can be wood-based panels such as MDF, HDF or DKS panels or so-called HPL (High Pressure Laminate) panels.
- the component 5 can, however, also be thicker foils, cardboard or plasterboard.
- the in Fig. 3 The component 5 shown is applied to the top side 11 of the base body 4, the printed paper layer 1 and firmly connected to it. Furthermore, a protective layer 12 is applied to the printing layer 10.
- the protective layer 12 is transparent so that the printing layer 10 can still be seen. Very hard particles, such as corundum, can be embedded in the protective layer 12.
- the protective layer 12 is generally implemented in components 5 which are used in the floor area. In principle, however, the protective layer 12 can also be dispensed with. This applies in particular to wall and ceiling applications as well as furniture elements.
- Fig. 10 the method according to the invention is shown schematically in a short-cycle pressing process.
- the process begins with the known production of the paper in a paper machine, which is shown in process step A.
- the paper layer 1 is still part of a quasi-infinite paper web.
- step B the papermaking is followed by a surface treatment by smoothing the upper side 2 in order to make the surface even and, if necessary, a subsequent fine roughening of the previously smoothed surface. Then the Ink-absorbing compound 9 is applied or introduced onto or into the upper side 2.
- the printing and thus the application of the printing layer 10 takes place in process step C.
- the printing is carried out in the inkjet printing process using an inkjet digital printer.
- the paper layer 1 can still be part of a paper web or already part of a sheet cut off from the paper web. Cutting on arches can also be done at a later point.
- part of process step C is also the heating of the paper layer before, during and / or after the application of the color layer.
- the paper layer 1 is preheated between 30.degree. C. and 40.degree. C., preferably at about 35.degree. C., so that the color already hits the preheated color layer during printing, which supports the drying.
- heating takes place via a radiant heater at 42 ° C., which is directed onto the area of the paper layer 1 that is currently being printed.
- post-heating also takes place between 30 ° C and 40 ° C via a third heating device (for example via a heated support plate).
- process step D the printed paper layer 1 is completely resinified, so that the state according to FIG Fig. 2 results.
- step E the paper layer 1 is pressed with the base body 4.
- the protective layer 12 is also pressed in a corresponding pressing device.
- the resin in the paper layer 1 and the resin in the protective layer 12 melt and harden immediately during the pressing process, so that on the one hand there is a firm connection between the paper layer 1 and the base body 4 and on the other hand a firm connection the protective layer 12 on the paper layer 1 results. Due to the resin build-up on the paper layer 1, there is also such a firm connection between all the layer materials during pressing that there is no need to fear unintentional detachment.
- Fig. 11 an alternative embodiment of the method is shown schematically.
- Process steps a and b correspond to process steps A and B mentioned above for paper production and the application of the ink absorbing compound.
- process step c with the paper web being partially treated from its underside.
- the partial resin coating takes place in a defined manner in such a way that the upper area of the fiber structure 7, but in any case the upper side of the fiber structure 7 and the ink-absorbing compound 9 located there, remain at least essentially free of resin.
- the paper layer 1 which is then already cut into sheets, is applied to the base body 4 by pressing in the mentioned pressing device.
- the paper layer 1 is still unprinted and also has no protective layer 12 on the top.
- the unprinted component 5 is now also printed in process step e using the inkjet printing process.
- the applied printing layer 10 is heated parallel to this or immediately thereafter.
- the paper layer 1 can be preheated.
- the final pressing of the protective layer 12 in the pressing device in method step f in order to connect the protective layer 12 to the paper layer 1 after the resin in the protective layer 12 has melted and hardened.
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Ink Jet (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Papierschicht mit den Oberbegriffsmerkmalen von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a paper layer with the preamble features of
Des Weiteren betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein flächiges, bedrucktes oder bedruckbares Bauteil mit einer Papierschicht der vorgenannten Art sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines derartigen Bauteils.Furthermore, the present invention relates to a flat, printed or printable component with a paper layer of the aforementioned type and a method for producing such a component.
Aus der
Papierschichten zum Herstellen von flächigen, bedruckten oder bedruckbaren Bauteilen für Boden-, Wand-, Decken- oder Möbelanwendungen sind auch aus der Praxis bekannt. Bei einem bekannten Druckpapier ist auf die Faserstruktur der eigentlichen Papierschicht eine Farbaufnahmeschicht aufgebracht. Untersuchungen, die von der Anmelderin durchgeführt worden sind, haben ergeben, dass die Partikel der Farbaufnahmeschicht durchschnittlich bei einigen Mikrometern liegt. Die Farbaufnahmeschicht, die als Hauptbestandteile Siliziumdioxid und Titandioxid aufweist, ist vollflächig auf die Oberseite der Papierstruktur aufgebracht und liegt auf dieser, die Papierstruktur vollständig über- und verdeckend, auf. Bei den von der Anmelderin durchgeführten Untersuchungen ist festgestellt worden, dass die Farbaufnahmeschicht zwar oberflächlich in die Faserstruktur eingreift, jedoch im wesentlichen über der Faserstruktur angeordnet ist und die Fasern und die zwischen den Fasern befindlichen Zwischenräume ab- und überdeckt und damit verschließt. Letztlich ergibt sich bei dem bekannten Papier eine im Wesentlichen geschlossene gleichmäßige Oberfläche, was zu einem sehr guten Druckergebnis führt.Paper layers for producing flat, printed or printable components for floor, wall, ceiling or furniture applications are also known from practice. In a known printing paper, an ink-receiving layer is applied to the fiber structure of the actual paper layer. Investigations which have been carried out by the applicant have shown that the particles of the ink-receiving layer are on average a few micrometers. The ink-receiving layer, which has silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide as its main components, is applied over the entire surface of the top of the paper structure and rests on it, completely covering and hiding the paper structure. In the investigations carried out by the applicant, it was found that the ink-receiving layer, although it engages superficially in the fiber structure, is essentially arranged above the fiber structure and covers and thus closes the fibers and the spaces between the fibers. Ultimately, the known paper produces an essentially closed, uniform surface, which leads to a very good print result.
Von der Anmelderin ist dann weiter festgestellt worden, dass sich nicht unerhebliche Probleme mit dem für die weitere Verarbeitung des Papiers notwendigen Beharzen ergibt. Wird das bekannte Papier nach dem Bedrucken von oben her beharzt, ist festgestellt worden, dass eine hinreichende und vollflächige Durchbeharzung des Papiers nicht gewährleistet werden kann. Die Folge ist, dass das Papier sich nach dem Verpressen mit dem Bauteil nicht hinreichend verbindet.The applicant then found that there were not inconsiderable problems with the resin required for further processing of the paper. If the known paper is treated with resin from above after printing, it has been found that a sufficient and full-surface resin coating of the paper cannot be guaranteed. The result is that the paper does not bond sufficiently with the component after pressing.
Zur Lösung des vorgenannten Problems bei dem bekannten Papier ist von der Anmelderin dann versucht worden, das Papier von unten her zu beharzen, wie dies grundsätzlich aus der
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Papierschicht der eingangs genannten Art zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei der einerseits ein sehr gutes Druckergebnis möglich ist und bei der andererseits eine gute Verbindung zu dem Grundkörper eines Bauteils und gegebenenfalls zu einer oberseitigen Schutzschicht gewährleistet ist.The object of the present invention is to provide a paper layer of the type mentioned at the outset, in which, on the one hand, a very good print result is possible and, on the other hand, a good connection to the base body of a component and possibly to a protective layer on the top is ensured.
Zur Lösung der vorgenannten Aufgabe ist vorgesehen, dass zumindest oberseitig in der Faserstruktur eine Farbaufnahmemasse vorgesehen ist, die den oberseitigen Bereich der Fasern zumindest im wesentlichen ummantelt, und dass an der Oberseite der Papierschicht offene Zwischenräume der ummantelten Faserstruktur verbleiben, also nicht von der Farbaufnahmemasse verdeckt sind. An der Oberseite der Papierschicht sind eine Mehrzahl offener Zwischenräume mit einer Länge von größer 20 µm und/oder einer Öffnungsfläche von größer 250 µm2 vorgesehen. Die Farbaufnahmemasse weist Partikel mit einem durchschnittlichen Durchmesser von 50 nm bis 400 nm auf und das Flächengewicht der Farbaufnahmemasse liegt zwischen 0,5 g/m2 und 20 g/m2.To achieve the above-mentioned object, provision is made for an ink-absorbing compound to be provided at least on the upper side of the fiber structure, which at least essentially encases the upper-side area of the fibers, and that open spaces in the coated fiber structure remain on the upper side of the paper layer, i.e. not covered by the ink-absorbing compound are. A plurality of open spaces with a length of greater than 20 μm and / or an opening area of greater than 250 μm 2 are provided on the upper side of the paper layer. The ink absorbing mass has particles with an average diameter of 50 nm to 400 nm and the weight per unit area of the ink absorbing mass is between 0.5 g / m 2 and 20 g / m 2 .
Der Erfindung liegt zunächst einmal der Grundgedanke zugrunde, eine Farbaufnahmemasse als sogenannten Pigmentstrich vorzusehen, auf den die Druckfarbe bzw. Tinte aufgebracht wird. Gleichzeitig ist es so, dass durch die Farbaufnahmemasse keine quasi geschlossene, ebene Oberfläche zur Verfügung gestellt wird. Bei der Ummantelung der Fasern bzw. der Verwendung von Farbaufnahmepartikeln im Nanobereich verbleiben unverdeckte, nach außen hin offene Zwischenräume in der Faserstruktur, die eine hinreichende Durchbeharzung der Papierschicht gewährleisten. Ist die Oberseite der Faserstruktur nur bereichsweise mit der Farbaufnahmemasse belegt, verbleiben in jedem Falle freie Bereiche, die ebenfalls die notwendige Durchbeharzung gewährleisten.The invention is based, first of all, on the basic idea of providing an ink absorbing composition as a so-called pigment coating to which the printing ink or ink is applied. At the same time it is the case that the ink absorbing compound does not provide a quasi-closed, flat surface. When the fibers are sheathed or when dye absorbing particles in the nano range are used, uncovered, outwardly open spaces remain in the fiber structure, which ensure that the paper layer is sufficiently resinified. If the upper side of the fiber structure is only partially covered with the dye-absorbing compound, free areas remain in any case, which also ensure the necessary resin build-up.
Bei theoretischen Überlegungen ist die erfindungsgemäße Lösung von der Anmelderin zunächst verworfen worden, da befürchtet worden war, dass die Papierschicht mit der eingelagerten oder aufgebrachten Farbaufnahmemasse, bei der letztlich trotz der Farbaufnahmemasse noch die durch die Zellulosefasern verursachte Struktur erkennbar ist, sich kein hinreichendes Druckergebnis erzielen lässt. Letztlich ergibt sich bei der Erfindung keine geschlossene, im Wesentlichen ebene Druckoberfläche wie beim Stand der Technik. Bei praktischen Versuchen, die dann durchgeführt worden sind, ist jedoch festgestellt worden, dass sich das beim erfindungsgemäßen Papier erzielbare Druckergebnis nicht oder nur unwesentlich vom Druckergebnis unterscheidet, das bei dem eingangs genannten bekannten Papier erzielt wird.In the case of theoretical considerations, the solution according to the invention is initially rejected by the applicant because it was feared that the paper layer with the incorporated or applied ink-absorbing mass, in which the structure caused by the cellulose fibers is ultimately still recognizable despite the color-absorbing mass, cannot achieve an adequate print result. Ultimately, the invention does not result in a closed, essentially flat printing surface as in the prior art. In practical tests which were then carried out, however, it was found that the printing result that can be achieved with the paper according to the invention does not differ, or only insignificantly, from the printing result that is achieved with the known paper mentioned above.
Die Erfindung bietet im Übrigen die Möglichkeit, dass die Papierschicht mit dem Farbaufnahmematerial sowohl vor als auch nach dem Aufbringen auf den Grundkörper eines Bauteils bedruckt werden kann. So ist es zum einen möglich, das Papier zunächst zu bedrucken und es nach dem Bedrucken zu bevorraten, beispielsweise auf Rollen oder Bögen. Anschließend kann die bedruckte Papierschicht mit dem Grundkörper des Bauteils unter Druck- und Hitzeeinfluss verpresst werden, wobei das Harz zunächst aufschmilzt und anschließend unmittelbar aushärtet. Alternativ ist es möglich, eine teilbeharzte und unbedruckte Papierschicht mit der eingelagerten bzw. aufgebrachten Farbaufnahmemasse zunächst auf den Grundkörper in der zuvor beschriebenen Art und Weise aufzubringen und anschließend den Grundkörper mit der bereits aufgebrachten Papierschicht zu bedrucken.The invention also offers the possibility that the paper layer can be printed with the ink absorbing material both before and after it is applied to the base body of a component. On the one hand, it is possible to first print on the paper and then to store it after printing, for example on rolls or sheets. The printed paper layer can then be pressed with the base body of the component under the influence of pressure and heat, the resin first melting and then curing immediately. Alternatively, it is possible to first apply a partially resinated and unprinted paper layer with the incorporated or applied ink absorbing compound to the base body in the manner described above and then to print the base body with the paper layer already applied.
Um die Faserstruktur und damit die Zwischenräume zwischen den Fasern an der Oberseite der Papierschicht einerseits weitgehend zu erhalten bzw. unverdeckt zu lassen und andererseits eine umfassende Ummantelung der oberseitigen Fasern und damit einen guten Farbaufnahmebereich zur Verfügung zu stellen, sollten die Partikel der Farbaufnahmemasse vorzugsweise einen durchschnittlichen Durchmesser zwischen 100 nm bis 300 nm und insbesondere zwischen 150 nm und 250 nm haben. Sehr gute Versuche sind mit Partikelgrößen im Bereich von rund 200 nm im Durchmesser erzielt worden.In order to largely preserve or leave uncovered the fiber structure and thus the spaces between the fibers on the upper side of the paper layer on the one hand and to provide a comprehensive coating of the upper-side fibers and thus a good ink absorption area, the particles of the ink absorption compound should preferably have an average Have diameters between 100 nm and 300 nm and in particular between 150 nm and 250 nm. Very good tests have been achieved with particle sizes in the range of around 200 nm in diameter.
Bei rasterelektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchungen ist festgestellt worden, dass an der Oberseite der Papierschicht zwischen den mit der Farbaufnahmemasse ummantelten bzw. beschichteten Fasern vorzugsweise eine Mehrzahl von Zwischenräumen mit einer Länge von größer 30 µm und insbesondere größer 40 µm vorgesehen sein sollten. Dabei versteht es sich, dass auch Zwischenräume mit einer deutlich größeren Länge als 40 µm vorgesehen sein können. Des Weiteren sollten die Zwischenräume vorzugsweise eine Öffnungsfläche von größer 500 µm2 und insbesondere größer 750 µm2 aufweisen. Auch hier versteht es sich, dass deutlich größere Öffnungsflächen als 750 µm2 vorgesehen sein können. Bei Zwischenräumen mit den vorgenannten Abmaßen ergibt sich eine hervorragende Durchbeharzung der erfindungsgemäßen Papierschicht unabhängig davon, ob die Beharzung von oben oder aber von unten her durchgeführt wird.In scanning electron microscopic investigations, it has been found that a plurality of gaps with a length of greater than 30 μm and in particular greater than 40 μm should preferably be provided on the top of the paper layer between the fibers encased or coated with the ink absorbing compound. It goes without saying that spaces with a length significantly greater than 40 μm can also be provided. Furthermore, the intermediate spaces should preferably have an opening area of greater than 500 μm 2 and in particular greater than 750 μm 2 . Here, too, it goes without saying that significantly larger opening areas than 750 μm 2 can be provided. In the case of gaps with the aforementioned dimensions, the paper layer according to the invention has an excellent resin coating, regardless of whether the resin coating is carried out from above or from below.
Im Übrigen ist es bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Papier besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die vorgenannten Abmaße der Zwischenräumen nicht nur "sporadisch" vorgesehen sind, sondern wenn sich diese an der gesamten Oberseite der Papierschicht befinden. Es ist festgestellt worden, dass an der Oberseite pro Flächeneinheit [nm2] durchschnittlich wenigstens ein Zwischenraum, vorzugsweise mehr als drei und insbesondere mehr als zehn Zwischenräume der vorgenannten Art vorgesehen sein sollten.In addition, it is particularly advantageous in the case of the paper according to the invention if the aforementioned dimensions of the interspaces are not only provided "sporadically", but if they are located on the entire upper side of the paper layer. It has been found that at least one intermediate space, preferably more than three and in particular more than ten intermediate spaces of the aforementioned type, should be provided on the upper side per unit area [nm 2 ].
Um ein Verschließen der Zwischenräume zwischen den Zellulosefasern der Faserstruktur durch die Farbaufnahmemasse zu verhindern, liegt das Flächengewicht der Farbaufnahmemasse zwischen 0,5 g/m2 und 20 g/m2. Damit wird bei der erfindungsgemäßen Papierschicht ein deutlich geringerer Anteil an Farbaufnahmemasse als beim Stand der Technik verwendet. Dies wirkt sich durchaus erheblich bei den Anschaffungskosten der Papierschicht aus. So sind die Kosten des erfindungsgemäßen Papiers um den Faktor 3 geringer als bei dem eingangs genannten, aus der Praxis bekannten Papier.In order to prevent the interstices between the cellulose fibers of the fiber structure from being closed by the dye absorbing compound, the weight per unit area of the dye absorbing compound is between 0.5 g / m 2 and 20 g / m 2 . Thus, in the paper layer according to the invention, a significantly lower proportion of ink absorbing compound is used than in the prior art. This has a considerable effect on the acquisition costs of the paper layer. Thus, the costs of the paper according to the invention are lower by a factor of 3 than that of the paper known from practice mentioned at the beginning.
Im Übrigen ist festgestellt worden, dass sich ein besonders gutes Druckergebnis dann ergibt, wenn die Farbaufnahmemasse jedenfalls auch Titandioxid, Bariumsulfat und Silikate aufweist, insbesondere als Hauptbestandteile.In addition, it has been found that a particularly good print result is obtained when the ink absorbing compound also has titanium dioxide, barium sulfate and silicates, in particular as main components.
Besonders günstig ist es außerdem, dass die Farbaufnahmemasse basisch ist. Es ist festgestellt worden, dass das aufzubringende Harz in der Regel basisch ist, also einen pH-Wert größer 7 aufweist. Weiterhin ist festgestellt worden, dass sich das Harz leichter bzw. schneller in einer sauren Umgebung als in einer basischen Umgebung verfestigt. Um eine gute Durchbeharzung sicher zu stellen, sollte die Farbaufnahmemasse und gegebenenfalls auch das Papier der Faserstruktur basisch sein.It is also particularly favorable that the dye-absorbing compound is basic. It has been found that the resin to be applied is generally basic, i.e. has a pH value greater than 7. It has also been found that the resin solidifies more easily or faster in an acidic environment than in a basic environment. In order to ensure that the resin is well resinated through, the ink absorbing compound and, if appropriate, the paper of the fiber structure should be basic.
Im Übrigen sollte es sich bei dem Papier bzw. der Faserstruktur um ein Dekorpapier handeln, das ein Flächengewicht ohne Beharzungsanteil aber mit Farbaufnahmemasse zwischen 30 g/m2 und 300 g/m2, vorzugsweise zwischen 50 g/m2 und 120 g/m2 und insbesondere von etwa 70 g/m2 haben sollte.In addition, the paper or the fiber structure should be a decorative paper that has a weight per unit area without resin content but with an ink absorbing mass between 30 g / m 2 and 300 g / m 2 , preferably between 50 g / m 2 and 120 g / m 2 and in particular about 70 g / m 2 .
Die erfindungsgemäße Papierschicht mit der in die Faserstruktur eingelagerten Farbaufnahmemasse kann grundsätzlich vor dem Bedrucken unbeharzt sein und erst nach dem Bedrucken beharzt werden. Grundsätzlich ist es aber auch möglich, dass die Papierschicht vor dem Bedrucken derart definiert von der Unterseite her beharzt ist, dass der obere Bereich der Faserstruktur mit geringem oder ohne Harzanteil sich bevorzugt über maximal 30% der Dicke der Faserstruktur erstreckt. Insbesondere erstreckt sich der obere Papierschichtbereich über lediglich maximal 20% der Dicke der Papierschicht und weiter bevorzugt über maximal 10% der Dicke der Papierschicht, wobei jeder Einzelwert zwischen 0,1% der Dicke der Papierschicht und 30% der Dicke der Papierschicht möglich und ausdrücklich als erfindungswesentlich vorgesehen ist.The paper layer according to the invention with the ink-absorbing compound embedded in the fiber structure can in principle have no resin before the printing and only be resinated after the printing. In principle, however, it is also possible for the paper layer to be resinated in a defined manner from the underside before printing in such a way that the upper area of the fiber structure with little or no resin content extends preferably over a maximum of 30% of the thickness of the fiber structure. In particular, the upper paper layer area extends over a maximum of only 20% of the thickness of the paper layer and more preferably over a maximum of 10% of the thickness of the paper layer, each individual value between 0.1% of the thickness of the paper layer and 30% of the thickness of the paper layer being possible and expressly provided as being essential to the invention.
Hinzuweisen ist in diesem Zusammenhang auch darauf, dass sich zwischen dem oberen Papierschichtbereich mit geringem oder ohne Harzanteil und dem unteren Papierschichtbereich mit hohem Harzanteil in der Praxis keine exakte Trennlinie ergibt, da bei einer Beharzung von unten her ein Konzentrationsgefälle des Harzes von unten nach oben besteht derart, dass die höchste Konzentration der Unterseite vorliegt. Der Übergang des oberen Papierschichtbereichs zum unteren Papierschichtbereich zeichnet sich durch eine abrupte Änderung des Konzentrationsgefälles aus, während das Konzentrationsgefälle von der Unterseite des unteren Papierschichtbereichs zu dessen Oberseite einerseits und von der Unterseite des oberen Papierschichtbereichs zu dessen Oberseite andererseits im wesentlichen konstant ist oder kontinuierlich abnimmt.In this context, it should also be pointed out that in practice there is no exact dividing line between the upper paper layer area with little or no resin content and the lower paper layer area with a high resin content, since with resin build-up from below there is a gradient in the concentration of the resin from bottom to top such that the highest concentration is on the underside. The transition from the upper paper layer area to the lower paper layer area is characterized by an abrupt change in the concentration gradient, while the concentration gradient from the underside of the lower paper layer area to its upper side and from the lower side of the upper paper layer area to its upper side is essentially constant or continuously decreasing.
Im Übrigen beziehen sich die vorgenannte Werte der Dicke des oberen Papierschichtbereichs auf den noch nicht verpressten Zustand der Papierschicht, also wenn die Papierschicht noch nicht auf den Grundkörper des Bauteils unter Druck- und/oder Hitzeeinfluss aufgebracht ist.In addition, the aforementioned values of the thickness of the upper paper layer area relate to the not yet pressed state of the paper layer, that is, when the paper layer has not yet been applied to the base body of the component under the influence of pressure and / or heat.
Darüber hinaus ergibt sich bei der zuvor erwähnten definierten Teilbeharzung ein weiterer, durchaus beachtlicher Vorteil. Üblicherweise wird auf ein bedrucktes Bauteil, jedenfalls wenn es im Bodenbereich eingesetzt wird, eine obere Schutzschicht, die ebenfalls beharzt ist, unter Druck- und Hitzeeinfluss aufgebracht. Bei dem aus der
Zur Erzielung einer definierten Harzschichtdicke in der Papierschicht wird die Menge des der Unterseite zugeführten Harzanteils in Abhängigkeit der Porosität und damit der Saugfähigkeit der Papierschicht und der Viskosität des Harzes verfahrenstechnisch definiert gesteuert. Wird die Beharzung beispielsweise über eine Walze, die durch ein Tauchbad läuft, wobei die Papierschicht mit der Unterseite über eine Walze geführt wird, vorgenommen, spielen als weitere Prozessparameter die Eintauchtiefe der Walze, die Oberflächenbeschaffenheit der Walze, der Durchmesser der Walze, der Anpressdruck zwischen der Papierschicht und der Walze und die Transportgeschwindigkeit der Papierschicht eine Rolle. Es versteht sich, dass das Harz auch in anderer Weise auf die Papierschicht aufgebracht werden kann, beispielsweise durch Düsenauftrag.To achieve a defined resin layer thickness in the paper layer, the amount of resin added to the underside is controlled in a process-technically defined manner as a function of the porosity and thus the absorbency of the paper layer and the viscosity of the resin. If the resin is applied, for example, via a roller that runs through an immersion bath, with the underside of the paper layer being guided over a roller, the immersion depth of the roller, the surface properties of the roller, the diameter of the roller and the contact pressure play a role as further process parameters the paper layer and the roller and the transport speed of the paper layer matter. It goes without saying that the resin can also be applied to the paper layer in another way, for example by nozzle application.
Zur Erzielung einer definierten Schichtdicke des oberen Papierschichtbereichs bietet es sich im Übrigen an, dass die Papierschicht von der Oberseite her definiert mit einer sich nicht mit dem Harz mischenden Sperrflüssigkeit getränkt wird, derart, dass sich eine bevorzugt über maximal 30% der Dicke der Papierschicht ergebende Sperrschicht für das Harz bildet. Die Aufbringung der Sperrflüssigkeit kann in gleicher Weise wie die Aufbringung des Harzes oder auch grundsätzlich in anderer Weise erfolgen. Nach dem Beharzen der Papierschicht wird die Sperrflüssigkeit verdampft. Der ursprünglich von der Sperrflüssigkeit eingenommene Raum bildet dann den oberen Papierschichtbereich. Allerdings versteht es sich, dass es grundsätzlich auch möglich ist, die Sperrflüssigkeit derart zuzugeben, dass letztlich keine definierte Sperrschicht erzeugt wird.In order to achieve a defined layer thickness of the upper paper layer area, it is also advisable for the paper layer to be impregnated from the top in a defined manner with a barrier liquid that does not mix with the resin, such that a preferably more than 30% of the thickness of the paper layer results Forms a barrier layer for the resin. The application of the barrier liquid can take place in the same way as the application of the resin or in principle in a different manner. After the paper layer has been resinified, the barrier liquid is evaporated. The space originally occupied by the barrier liquid then forms the upper paper layer area. However, it goes without saying that it is basically also possible to add the barrier liquid in such a way that ultimately no defined barrier layer is created.
Bevorzugt ist es in diesem Zusammenhang, dass die Sperrflüssigkeit die erfindungsgemäße Farbaufnahmemasse beinhaltet, die sich nach dem Verdampfen in dem oberen Papierschichtbereich ablagert, so dass sich anschließend die Ummantelung bzw. Beschichtung der Fasern ergibt.In this context, it is preferred that the barrier liquid contains the ink-absorbing mass according to the invention, which is deposited in the upper paper layer area after evaporation, so that the sheathing or coating of the fibers is then obtained.
Möglich ist es aber auch, dass die Farbaufnahmemasse in Verbindung oder im Anschluss an das Tränken mit Sperrflüssigkeit aufgebracht wird. Die Farbaufnahmemasse kann dabei separat oder zusammen mit der Sperrflüssigkeit durch Walzen, Sprühen, Rakeln, Blade-Coating, Luftbürsten, Gussstrich-Verfahren, Filmpressen, Leinpressen, Vorhanggießverfahren und/oder durch Schlitzdüsenauftrag aufgebracht werden.It is also possible, however, for the ink-absorbing mass to be applied in connection with or following the impregnation with barrier liquid. The ink absorbing mass can be applied separately or together with the barrier liquid by rolling, spraying, knife coating, blade coating, air brushing, cast coating processes, film pressing, linen pressing, curtain casting processes and / or by slot nozzle application.
Die Beharzung kann mit nur einem Harz oder gegebenenfalls in mehreren Beharzungsschritten auch mit unterschiedlichen Harzen erfolgen, um bestimmte Eigenschaften der Papierschicht zu erzielen. Nach dem Beharzen kann ein Trocknen der Papierschicht und anschließend das Aufbringen der Farbaufnahmemasse erfolgen. Hieran kann sich erneut ein Trocknen anschließen. Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform erfolgt eine so genannte Nass/Nass-Behandlung. Hierbei wird das Farbaufnahmematerial aufgebracht bevor das Harz vollständig getrocknet ist, sich also noch in einem flüssigen oder gelierten bzw. angelierten Zustand befindet. Anschließend erfolgt die gemeinsame Trocknung der beharzten und mit dem Farbaufnahmematerial versehenen Papierschicht.The resin coating can be carried out with just one resin or, if necessary, in several resin coating steps also with different resins in order to achieve certain properties of the paper layer. After the resin has been applied, the paper layer can be dried and then the ink absorbing compound can be applied. This can be followed by drying again. In an alternative embodiment, a so-called wet / wet treatment takes place. In this case, the ink absorbing material is applied before the resin has completely dried, i.e. is still in a liquid or gelled or gelled state. This is followed by the joint drying of the resin-coated paper layer provided with the ink-absorbing material.
Bei Versuchen, die durchgeführt worden sind, ist im Übrigen festgestellt worden, dass das Flächengewicht des Beharzungsanteils im erfindungsgemäßen Papier zwischen 5 g/m2 und 300 g/m2, vorzugsweise zwischen 20 g/m2 und 100 g/m2 liegen sollte, um eine gute Verbindung zwischen der Papierschicht und dem Grundkörper des Bauteils und gegebenenfalls der vorzusehenden Schutzschicht zu gewährleisten.In tests that have been carried out, it has also been found that the weight per unit area of the resin content in the paper according to the invention should be between 5 g / m 2 and 300 g / m 2 , preferably between 20 g / m 2 and 100 g / m 2 in order to ensure a good connection between the paper layer and the base body of the component and, if necessary, the protective layer to be provided.
Bei dem Harz selbst handelt es sich bevorzugt um ein reaktivierbares Harz, insbesondere um ein Aminoplast, wie ein Melamin-Harz oder ein Harnstoff-Harz. Bevorzugt werden Harze aus der Gruppe der Diallylphtalate, Epoxidharze, Harnstoff-Formaldehyd-Harze, Hamsäure-Acetylsäureester-Copolyester, MelaminFormaldehyd-Harze, Melamin-Phenol-Formaldehyd-Harze, Phenol-Formaldehyd-Harze, Poly(meth)acrylate oder ungesättigter Polyester-Harze verwendet.The resin itself is preferred a reactivatable resin, in particular an aminoplast such as a melamine resin or a urea resin. Preference is given to resins from the group of diallyl phthalates, epoxy resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, hamic acid-acetylic acid ester copolyesters, melamine-formaldehyde resins, melamine-phenol-formaldehyde resins, phenol-formaldehyde resins, poly (meth) acrylates or unsaturated polyester Resins used.
Im Übrigen ist festgestellt worden, dass es zur Erzielung guter Druckergebnisse günstig ist, dass die Papierschicht vor, während und/oder nach dem Aufbringen der Farbschicht beheizt bzw. erwärmt wird. Hierzu können entsprechende Heizeinrichtungen vorgesehen sein, die die Papierschicht bzw. die Farbaufnahmemasse beheizen. Dies kann beispielsweise über entsprechende Gebläse erfolgen. Stattdessen oder auch zusätzlich können Infrarot-, insbesondere NIR-Heizeinrichtungen und/oder Mikrowellenheizeinrichtungen vorgesehen sein, die unmittelbar auf den Wasseranteil in der Farbschicht wirken. Die Beheizung bzw. Erwärmung kann dabei, wie zuvor ausgeführt, vor, während und/oder nach dem Bedrucken erfolgen. Hierzu können ein oder mehrere Heizgeräte vorgesehen sein, wobei die Heizstrecke nicht nur punktuell vorgesehen sein, sondern sich auch über einen größeren Bereich erstrecken kann, beispielsweise zwischen 0 und 5 m und insbesondere zwischen 0 und 2 m vor und/oder nach der jeweiligen Druckstelle.Moreover, it has been found that, in order to achieve good printing results, it is advantageous for the paper layer to be heated or warmed up before, during and / or after the application of the ink layer. For this purpose, corresponding heating devices can be provided which heat the paper layer or the ink-absorbing mass. This can be done, for example, using an appropriate fan. Instead or in addition, infrared, in particular NIR heating devices and / or microwave heating devices can be provided, which act directly on the water content in the paint layer. The heating or warming can, as stated above, take place before, during and / or after the printing. For this purpose, one or more heaters can be provided, the heating path not only being provided at certain points, but also extending over a larger area, for example between 0 and 5 m and in particular between 0 and 2 m before and / or after the respective pressure point.
Als bevorzugt hat sich eine flächige Vor- und Nachbeheizung über beheizte Flächen, über die das Papier vor und nach dem Drucken geführt wird, erwiesen. Günstigerweise sollte die Temperatur dieser Flächen bei der Vor- und/oder Nachbeheizung zwischen 30°C und 40°C, vorzugsweise bei etwa 35°C liegen.Surface preheating and post-heating via heated surfaces over which the paper is guided before and after printing has proven to be preferred. The temperature of these surfaces should advantageously be between 30 ° C. and 40 ° C., preferably around 35 ° C., during the preheating and / or post-heating.
Im Bereich des Druckerkopfes sind gute Erfahrungen mit einer Strahlungsheizquelle gemacht worden, die unmittelbar auf den Wasseranteil der Farbschicht wirkt. Dabei hat sich eine Erwärmung auf 42°C als günstig erwiesen. Die Abfuhr des entstehenden Wasserdampfes sollte über einen gesteuerten Luftstrom erfolgen. Im Übrigen sollte die Temperatur insbesondere im Bereich des Druckerkopfes sensorgesteuert sein, um eine Überhitzung oder aber eine nicht hinreichende Beheizung zu verhindern. Jedenfalls führt die vorgenannte Beheizung zu einer unmittelbaren Trocknung der Farbschicht auf der Farbaufnahmeschicht, sobald die Druckfarbe bzw. Tinte vom Druckkopf abgegeben wird, sowie eine Trocknung der Faserstruktur. Hinzuweisen ist vorliegend darauf, dass der vorgenannten Beheizung bzw. Erwärmung auch eigenständige erfinderische Bedeutung zukommt, also unabhängig von der erfindungsgemäßen Papierschicht.In the area of the printer head, good experiences have been made with a radiant heating source that acts directly on the water content of the ink layer. Warming up to 42 ° C has proven to be beneficial. The evacuation of the resulting water vapor should take place via a controlled air flow. In addition, the temperature should be sensor-controlled, in particular in the area of the printer head, in order to prevent overheating or insufficient heating. In any case, the aforementioned heating leads to an immediate drying of the ink layer on the ink-receiving layer as soon as the printing ink or ink is released by the print head, as well as drying of the fiber structure. It should be pointed out in the present case that the aforementioned heating or warming is also of independent inventive importance, that is to say independently of the paper layer according to the invention.
Nach dem Trocknen wird die Papierschicht entweder auf Bögen geschnitten oder aber als durchgehende Bahn aufgerollt. Grundsätzlich ist es bei erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auch möglich, dass vor dem Schneiden/Aufrollen noch das Bedrucken erfolgt.After drying, the paper layer is either cut on sheets or rolled up as a continuous web. In principle, with the method according to the invention, it is also possible for printing to take place before cutting / rolling up.
Des Weiteren bezieht sich die vorliegende Erfindung auf ein bedrucktes oder bedruckbares, flächiges Bauteil, insbesondere für Boden-, Wand-, Decken- und/ oder Möbelanwendungen, mit einem flächigen Grundkörper und mit einer auf den Grundkörper aufgebrachten bedruckbaren oder bedruckten Papierschicht nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. Bei der Erfindung ist es also so, dass die erfindungsgemäße Papierschicht grundsätzlich vor der Weiterverarbeitung bedruckt und erst anschließend auf den Grundkörper des Bauteils aufgebracht wird. Allerdings ist es auch möglich, das Papier zunächst auf ein Bauteil aufzukaschieren, anschließend zu bedrucken und schließlich zu lackieren oder anderweitig zu beschichten. Das erfindungsgemäße Papier ist also nicht auf eine bestimmte Herstellungsart beschränkt.The present invention further relates to a printed or printable, flat component, in particular for floor, wall, ceiling and / or furniture applications, with a flat base body and with a printable or printed paper layer applied to the base body according to one of the preceding Expectations. In the case of the invention, the paper layer according to the invention is basically printed before further processing and only then applied to the base body of the component. However, it is also possible to first laminate the paper onto a component, then to print it and finally to varnish or otherwise coat it. The paper according to the invention is therefore not restricted to a specific type of production.
Bevorzugt ist es, dass der Grundkörper mit der Papierschicht in Kurztaktpressverfahren direkt beschichtet worden ist. Hierbei härtet die beharzte Papierschicht direkt auf der Grundplatte einer entsprechenden Presse unter Druck und Hitze schmelzend aus. Wesentlich beim Kurztaktpressverfahren ist zunächst, dass der Grundkörper als Trägerplatte dem Pressdruck, der in der Regel zwischen 200 und 650 N/cm2 liegt, nicht oder nur unwesentlich nachgeben darf. Darüber hinaus dürfen die Grundkörper und die aufzubringenden Papierschichten beim Ein- und Austrag die heißen Pressplatten nicht berühren. Die Temperatur beim Verpressen liegt in der Regel zwischen 80°C bis 250°C, bevorzugt zwischen 140°C und 200°C. Die jeweilige Temperatur beim Verpressen ist abhängig von der Reaktivierungstemperatur des Harzes. Schließlich ist die kritische Liegezeit, das heißt die Zeit vom ersten Kontakt der beharzten Papierschicht mit der Pressplatte bis zum Erreichen des notwendigen Pressdruckes, zu beachten. Die kritische Liegezeit sollte extrem kurz sein.It is preferred that the base body has been coated directly with the paper layer in a short-cycle press process. The resin-coated paper layer hardens and melts directly on the base plate of a corresponding press under pressure and heat. In the short-cycle pressing process, it is essential that the base body, as a carrier plate, should not or only insignificantly yield to the pressing pressure, which is usually between 200 and 650 N / cm 2 . In addition, the base body and the paper layers to be applied must not touch the hot press plates during entry and exit. The temperature during pressing is generally between 80 ° C and 250 ° C, preferably between 140 ° C and 200 ° C. The respective temperature during pressing depends on the reactivation temperature of the resin. Finally, the critical idle time, i.e. the time from the first contact of the resin-coated paper layer with the press plate until the necessary press pressure is reached, must be observed. The critical idle time should be extremely short.
Wenngleich es grundsätzlich möglich ist, die erfindungsgemäße Papierschicht mit allen bekannten Druckverfahren, insbesondere auch dem Tiefdruckverfahren zu bedrucken, erfolgt die Bedruckung der Papierschicht vorzugsweise mittels eines digitalen Druckverfahrens, insbesondere einen Tintenstrahldruckverfahrens. Hierbei kommen dann vorzugsweise so genannte Inkjet-Digitaldrucker zum Einsatz, mit denen sich hervorragende Druckergebnisse erzielen lassen. Darüber hinaus lassen sich - anders als beim Tiefdruckverfahren - Dekore in einfacher Weise rechnergestützt entwerfen und können kurzfristig bedruckt werden. Im Übrigen ist es im Unterschied zum Tiefdruckverfahren auch möglich, dass die Papierschicht erst nach dem Beharzen bedruckt wird.Although it is basically possible to print the paper layer according to the invention with all known printing processes, in particular also the gravure printing process, the printing of the paper layer is preferably carried out by means of a digital printing process, in particular an inkjet printing process. So-called inkjet digital printers are then preferably used, with which excellent printing results can be achieved. In addition, in contrast to gravure printing, decors can be designed in a simple manner with the aid of computers and can be printed on at short notice. Incidentally, in contrast to the gravure printing process, it is also possible that the paper layer is only printed after it has been resinified.
Zur Bedruckung werden dabei bevorzugt lösemittelhaltige Tinte und/oder wasserhaltige Tinte verwendet. Grundsätzlich können auch UV-basierende Farbsysteme verwendet werden. Diese haben allerdings den Nachteil einer Geruchsentwicklung. Außerdem können sich Probleme beim Verpressen ergeben.Solvent-based inks and / or water-based inks are preferably used for printing. In principle, UV-based ink systems can also be used. However, these have the disadvantage of developing an odor. In addition, problems can arise during pressing.
Außerdem betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines bedruckten oder bedruckbaren flächigen Bauteils der vorgenannten Art, wobei sich die Verfahrensmerkmale aus den zuvor genannten Ausführungen ohne weiteres ergeben.The present invention also relates to a method for producing a printed or printable flat component of the aforementioned type, wherein the procedural features result from the above-mentioned statements without further ado.
Im Übrigen wird ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass die vorgenannten und nachstehenden Bereichsangaben und -intervalle sämtliche innerhalb der Bereichsangaben und -intervalle liegenden Einzelwerte und Zwischenintervalle bzw. Zwischenbereichsangaben auch im Dezimalbereichumfassen und als erfindungswesentlich angesehen werden, ohne dass es einer ausdrücklichen Erwähnung von Einzelwerten bzw. Zwischenintervallen oder Zwischenbereichsangaben bedarf.In addition, it is expressly pointed out that the above and below range specifications and intervals include all individual values and intermediate intervals or intermediate range specifications within the range specifications and intervals, including in the decimal range, and are regarded as essential to the invention, without any explicit mention of individual values or intermediate intervals or intermediate range information is required.
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben.Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.
Dabei zeigt
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Papierschicht,
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Querschnittsansicht einer bedruckten und durchbeharzten Papierschicht,
- Fig. 3
- eine schematische Querschnittsansicht eines flächigen Bauteils, auf dessen Grundkörper die Papierschicht aufgebracht ist,
- Fig. 4
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Oberseite der erfindungsgemäßen Papierschicht,
- Fig. 5
- eine der
Fig. 4 entsprechende Ansicht der Oberseite einer bekannten Papierschicht im gleichen Maßstab wieFig. 4 , - Fig. 6
- eine der
Fig. 4 entsprechende Ansicht der Oberseite der erfindungsgemäßen Papierschicht in weiter vergrößertem Maßstab, - Fig. 7
- eine der
Fig. 4 entsprechende Ansicht der Oberseite der bekannten Papierschicht im gleichen Maßstab wie die Darstellung gemäßFig. 6 , - Fig. 8
- eine der
Fig. 4 entsprechende Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Papierschicht in weiter vergrößertem Maßstab, - Fig. 9
- eine der
Fig. 4 entsprechende Ansicht der Oberseite der bekannten Papierschicht im gleichen Maßstab wie die Darstellung gemäßFig. 8 , - Fig. 10
- ein Ablaufschema des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Bauteils und
- Fig. 11
- ein alternatives Ablaufschema des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic cross-sectional view of a paper layer according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- a schematic cross-sectional view of a printed and fully resinated paper layer,
- Fig. 3
- a schematic cross-sectional view of a flat component, on whose base the paper layer is applied,
- Fig. 4
- an enlarged view of the upper side of the paper layer according to the invention,
- Fig. 5
- one of the
Fig. 4 corresponding view of the top of a known paper layer on the same scale asFig. 4 , - Fig. 6
- one of the
Fig. 4 corresponding view of the top side of the paper layer according to the invention on a further enlarged scale, - Fig. 7
- one of the
Fig. 4 corresponding view of the upper side of the known paper layer on the same scale as the representation according to FIGFig. 6 , - Fig. 8
- one of the
Fig. 4 corresponding view of the paper layer according to the invention on a further enlarged scale, - Fig. 9
- one of the
Fig. 4 corresponding view of the upper side of the known paper layer on the same scale as the representation according to FIGFig. 8 , - Fig. 10
- a flow chart of the method according to the invention for producing a component according to the invention and
- Fig. 11
- an alternative flow chart of the method according to the invention.
In
Wenngleich die
Wie sich aus
Die
Die zwischen den einzelnen Partikeln der in den
Das Flächengewicht der Farbaufnahmemasse 9 ist vergleichsweise gering und liegt vorliegend bei rund 5 g/m2. Ein derartig geringes Flächengewicht ist bei der geringen Partikelgröße, die durchschnittlich bei rund 200 nm liegt, ausreichend, um zumindest die Fasern 6 im oberen Bereich der Faserstruktur 7 zu ummanteln und gleichzeitig eine hinreichende Anzahl an Zwischenräumen 8 offen zu lassen. Es ist allerdings darauf hinzuweisen, dass es, abweichend von der Darstellung gemäß
Die Farbaufnahmemasse 9 selbst weist als Hauptbestandteile Titandioxid, Bariumsulfat und Silikate auf und ist im Übrigen basisch.The
Wie zuvor bereits erwähnt worden ist, wird die Faserstruktur 7 der Papierschicht 1 von einem Dekorpapier gebildet, das ein Flächengewicht, wie in
Hinzuweisen ist darauf, dass die Papierschicht 1 vor dem Bedrucken auch derart definiert von der Unterseite 3 her beharzt sein kann, dass der obere Bereich der Faserstruktur 7 mit geringem oder ohne Harzanteil sich über eine vorgegebene Dicke, vorzugsweise über maximal 30% der Dicke der Faserstruktur 1 erstreckt.It should be pointed out that the
Die Druck- oder Farbschicht 10 ist vorliegend mittels eines nicht dargestellten Inkjet-Digitaldruckers, also mittels des Tintenstrahldruckverfahrens aufgebracht worden, wenngleich auch andere Druckverfahren, insbesondere der Tiefdruck möglich sind. Dabei können sowohl lösemittelhaltige als auch wasserhaltige Tinten als Druckfarben eingesetzt werden.The printing or
In
Bei dem in
In
An die Papierherstellung schließt sich im Schritt B eine Oberflächenbehandlung durch Glätten der Oberseite 2 zur Vergleichmäßigung der Oberfläche und gegebenenfalls ein anschließendes feines Aufrauhen der zuvor geglätteten Oberfläche auf. Anschließend wird die Farbaufnahmemasse 9 auf bzw. in die Oberseite 2 auf- bzw, eingebracht.In step B, the papermaking is followed by a surface treatment by smoothing the
Nach der Oberflächenbehandlung der mit der Farbaufnahmemasse 9 versehenen Papierschicht 1 erfolgt die Bedruckung und damit der Auftrag der Druckschicht 10 im Verfahrensschritt C. Die Bedruckung erfolgt im Tintenstrahldruckverfahren über Inkjet-Digitaldrucker. Beim Bedrucken kann die Papierschicht 1 noch Teil einer Papierbahn sein oder bereits Teil eines von der Papierbahn abgeschnittenen Bogens. Das Schneiden auf Bögen kann auch an späterer Stelle erfolgen. Teil des Verfahrensschritts C ist aber auch die Beheizung der Papierschicht vor, während und/oder nach dem Aufbringen der Farbschicht. Vorliegend ist es so, dass die Papierschicht 1 zwischen 30°C und 40°C, vorzugsweise bei etwa 35°C vorerwärmt wird, so dass die Farbe beim Bedrucken bereits auf die vorerwärmte Farbschicht trifft, was die Trocknung unterstützt. Beim Aufbringen der Tinte erfolgt eine Erwärmung über eine Strahlungsheizeinrichtung bei 42°C, die auf den Bereich der Papierschicht 1 gerichtet ist, der gerade bedruckt wird. Schließlich erfolgt auch noch nach dem Drucken über eine dritte Heizeinrichtung (beispielsweise über ein beheiztes Unterlageblech) eine so genannte Nachbeheizung ebenfalls zwischen 30°C und 40°C.After the surface treatment of the
Im Verfahrensschritt D erfolgt die vollständige Durchbeharzung der bedruckten Papierschicht 1, so dass sich der Zustand gemäß
Im Verfahrensschritt E wird die Papierschicht 1 mit dem Grundkörper 4 verpresst. Gleichzeitig wird auch die Schutzschicht 12 in einer entsprechenden Presseinrichtung verpresst. Unter dem Druck und der Hitze der Pressplatten der Presseinrichtung schmilzt das Harz in der Papierschicht 1 und das Harz in der Schutzschicht 12 und härtet während des Pressvorgangs unmittelbar aus, so dass sich einerseits eine feste Verbindung der Papierschicht 1 zum Grundkörper 4 und andererseits eine feste Verbindung der Schutzschicht 12 auf der Papierschicht 1 ergibt. Aufgrund der Beharzung der Papierschicht 1 kommt es im Übrigen beim Verpressen zu einer derart festen Verbindung zwischen allen Schichtmaterialien, das ein unbeabsichtigtes Ablösen nicht befürchtet werden muss.In method step E, the
In
Im Verfahrensschritt d wird die Papierschicht 1, die dann bereits auf Bögen geschnitten ist, auf den Grundkörper 4 durch Verpressen in der erwähnten Presseinrichtung aufgebracht. Die Papierschicht 1 ist in diesem Fall noch unbedruckt und weist auch keine oberseitige Schutzschicht 12 auf.In method step d, the
Nach dem Verpressen der noch unbedruckten Papierschicht 1 auf den Grundkörper 4 wird das unbedruckte Bauteil 5 nunmehr im Verfahrensschritt e ebenfalls im Tintenstrahldruckverfahren bedruckt. Parallel dazu oder unmittelbar anschließend erfolgt die Beheizung der aufgebrachten Druckschicht 10. Auch hier kann natürlich eine Vorwärmung der Papierschicht 1 vorgenommen werden. Hieran schließt sich die abschließende Verpressung der Schutzschicht 12 in der Presseinrichtung im Verfahrensschritt f an, um die Schutzschicht 12 nach Schmelzen und Aushärten des Harzes in der Schutzschicht 12 mit der Papierschicht 1 zu verbinden.After the as yet
Wenngleich das in
- 11
- PapierschichtPaper layer
- 22
- OberseiteTop
- 33
- Unterseitebottom
- 44th
- GrundkörperBase body
- 55
- BauteilComponent
- 66th
- FasernFibers
- 77th
- FaserstrukturFiber structure
- 88th
- ZwischenräumeGaps
- 99
- FarbaufnahmemasseColor absorption mass
- 1010
- DruckschichtPrint layer
- 1111
- OberseiteTop
- 1212
- SchutzschichtProtective layer
Claims (14)
- Paper layer (1) for manufacturing a planar, printed or printable component (5), in particular for floor, wall, ceiling and/or furniture applications, wherein the paper layer (1) before or after the printing process is intended for application to a planar basic body (4) of the component (5) under the influence of pressure and/or heat, wherein the paper layer (1) has a fibre structure (7) comprising fibres (6) and wherein interspaces (8) are provided between the fibres (6),
characterised in that
a colorant-receiving mass (9) is provided at least on the upper side in the fibre structure (7), which mass at least substantially encases the fibres (6) in the upper region of the fibre structure (7), that open interspaces (8) of the encased fibre structure (7) remain on the upper side (2) of the paper layer (1), that a plurality of open interspaces (8) of length greater than 20 µm and/or having an opening area of more than 250 µm2 are provided on the upper side (2) of the paper layer (1), that the colorant-receiving mass (9) comprises particles with an average diameter between 50 nm and 400 nm, and that the grammage of the colorant-receiving mass (9) is between 0.5 g/m2 and 20 g/m2. - Paper layer according to claim 1, characterised in that the colorant-receiving mass (9) comprises particles with an average diameter between 100 nm and 300 nm and in particular between 150 nm and 250 nm.
- Paper layer according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that on the upper side (2) of the paper layer (1) a plurality of open interspaces (8) are provided having a length of greater than 30 µm and in particular greater than 40 µm, and/or an opening area of greater than 500 µm2 and in particular greater than 750 µm2.
- Paper layer according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on the upper side (2) there are provided per unit area [mm2] on average at least one interspace (8), preferably more than three and in particular more than 10 interspaces (8).
- Paper layer according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fibre structure (7) is formed by a decorative paper having a grammage, without resin coating portion but with colorant-receiving mass (9), of between 30 g/m2 and 300 g/m2, preferably between 50 g/m2 and 120 g/m2 and in particular of approximately 70 g/m2.
- Paper layer according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the paper layer (1) is not treated with resin before printing and is treated with resin only after being printed, or that the paper layer (1) is treated, before printing, with resin in a defined manner from the lower side (3) such that the upper region of the fibre structure (7) with a small or no amount of resin extends over a maximum 30% of the thickness of the fibre structure (7).
- Paper layer according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the grammage of the resin coating portion is between 5 g/m2 and 300 g/m2, preferably between 20 g/m2 and 100 g/m2.
- Paper layer according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the paper layer (1) has been heated or warmed before, during and/or after applying the colorant layer (10) and that preferably the heating/warming is performed at a temperature lower than the reactivation temperature of the resin and in particular in the range between 30°C and 150°C.
- Printed or printable planar component (5), in particular for floor, wall, ceiling and/or furniture applications, with a planar basic body (4) and a printable or printed paper layer (1) provided on the basic body (4), according to one of the preceding claims.
- Component according to claim 9, characterised in that the paper layer (1) has been printed before or after the application to the basic body (4).
- Component according to claim 9 or 10, characterised in that the basic body (4) has been directly laminated with the paper layer (1) in a short-cycle pressing process.
- Component according to one of the claims 9 to 11, characterised in that the paper layer (1) has been printed by means of a digital printing process, in particular an inkjet printing process, and that preferably solvent-containing and/or water-containing ink has been used as printing ink.
- Method for manufacturing a printed planar component (5) according to one of claims 9 to 12, wherein a printed paper layer (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8 is applied to a basic body (4) of the component (5), in that the basic body (4) is directly coated with the paper layer (1) in a short-cycle pressing process.
- Method for manufacturing a printed planar component (5) according to one of claims 9 to 12, wherein an unprinted paper layer (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8 is applied to a basic body (4) of the component (5), in that the paper layer (1) is first laminated onto the component (5), is then printed and is finally lacquered or coated in another manner.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL09707694T PL2274485T5 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-01-27 | Paper layer for producing a planar printed or printable component |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008008292A DE102008008292A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2008-02-07 | Paper layer for producing a flat, printed or printable component |
PCT/EP2009/000488 WO2009097986A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-01-27 | Paper layer for producing a planar printed or printable component |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2274485A1 EP2274485A1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
EP2274485B1 EP2274485B1 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
EP2274485B2 true EP2274485B2 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
Family
ID=40512477
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09707694.7A Active EP2274485B2 (en) | 2008-02-07 | 2009-01-27 | Paper layer for producing a planar printed or printable component |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2274485B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102008008292A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2404075T5 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2274485T5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009097986A1 (en) |
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US11413898B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2022-08-16 | Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl | Decor paper or foil |
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PL2927003T3 (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2016-08-31 | Flooring Technologies Ltd | Wood material board production assembly and method for manufacturing a wood material board |
ES2606205T3 (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2017-03-23 | Flooring Technologies Ltd. | Procedure for manufacturing an impregnated product, impregnated product and procedure for manufacturing a laminate from the impregnated product |
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EP3705304A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-09 | Unilin, BVBA | Decorative paper layers, printable paper layers, methods for manufacturing printable substrates, and ink used in such method |
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EP3932686A1 (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-05 | Unilin, BV | Method for manufacturing inkjet printable paper or foil for use as a decor paper or foil |
EP3978261A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-06 | Unilin, BV | Method for manufacturing a panel |
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EP4032923A1 (en) | 2021-01-22 | 2022-07-27 | Flooring Industries Limited, SARL | Thermosetting resin composition for laminate panel, method for manufacturing a panel with a thermosetting resin composition and a laminate panel comprising a thermosetting resin |
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DE19604693A1 (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1997-11-20 | Schoeller Felix Jun Foto | Coated ink jet printing medium giving high colour density and little ink bleed |
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DE102005036541B9 (en) | 2005-08-03 | 2010-02-11 | Bauer, Jörg R. | Process for producing a paper surface, paper web and article coated therewith in particular by means of an inkjet printing process |
-
2008
- 2008-02-07 DE DE102008008292A patent/DE102008008292A1/en active Pending
-
2009
- 2009-01-27 PL PL09707694T patent/PL2274485T5/en unknown
- 2009-01-27 WO PCT/EP2009/000488 patent/WO2009097986A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-01-27 EP EP09707694.7A patent/EP2274485B2/en active Active
- 2009-01-27 ES ES09707694T patent/ES2404075T5/en active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11413898B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2022-08-16 | Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl | Decor paper or foil |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2274485B1 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
ES2404075T3 (en) | 2013-05-23 |
DE102008008292A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
WO2009097986A1 (en) | 2009-08-13 |
EP2274485A1 (en) | 2011-01-19 |
PL2274485T5 (en) | 2021-05-17 |
ES2404075T5 (en) | 2021-06-29 |
PL2274485T3 (en) | 2013-06-28 |
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