Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
  • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
  • D21G1/02—Rolls; Their bearings
  • D21G1/0253—Heating or cooling the rolls; Regulating the temperature
  • D21G1/028—Heating or cooling the rolls; Regulating the temperature using electrical means
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
  • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
  • D21G1/002—Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure
  • D21G1/004—Regulating the pressure
  • D21G1/0053—Regulating the pressure using magnetic forces

Definitions

• This disclosure relates generally to paper production systems and other systems using rolls. More specifically, this disclosure relates to a system and method for reducing current exiting a roll through its bearings .
• Paper production systems and other types of systems often include a number of large rotating rolls.
• sets of counter-rotating rolls can be used in a paper production system to compress a paper sheet being formed.
• the amount of compression provided by the counter- rotating rolls is often controlled through the use of induction heating devices.
• the induction heating devices create currents in a roll, which heats the surface of the roll. The heat or lack thereof causes the roll to expand and contract, which controls the amount of compression applied to the paper sheet being formed.
• This disclosure provides a system and method for reducing current exiting a roll through its bearings.
• a system in a first embodiment, includes a roll formed from a conductive material, where the roll is configured to rotate about an axis.
• the system also includes an induction heating workcoil configured to generate currents within the roll.
• the induction heating workcoil is unbalanced and is oriented so that minimal currents flow in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the roll.
• the induction heating workcoil includes one or more U-shaped or C-shaped cores and at least one coil each wound around at least one of the one or more cores.
• the roll further includes a shaft and bearings. Also, the induction heating workcoil is oriented so that the currents do not flow substantially through the bearings. [0008] In yet other particular embodiments, the roll represents one of a set of counter-rotating rolls. The counter-rotating rolls are configured to compress a web of material. Also, an induction heating actuator includes the induction heating workcoil and a power source coupled to at least one coil of the induction heating actuator. In addition, the system further includes a controller configured to control the power source to control an amount of compression provided by at least a portion of the counter-rotating rolls. [0009] In still other particular embodiments, multiple induction heating workcoils are located adjacent to each other in a row proximate to the roll. Also, multiple rows other proximate to the roll.
• a system in a second embodiment, includes a roll formed from a conductive material, where the roll is configured to rotate about an axis.
• the system also includes an induction heating workcoil configured to generate a magnetic flux for producing currents within the roll.
• the induction heating workcoil is unbalanced and is oriented so that a path of the magnetic flux through the roll is substantially parallel to the axis of the roll.
• a method includes placing an induction heating workcoil in proximity with a roll. The roll is configured to rotate about an axis, and the induction heating workcoil represents an unbalanced induction heating workcoil.
• the method also includes orienting the induction heating workcoil so that a magnetic flux path within the roll produced by the induction heating workcoil is axially aligned with the axis of the roll.
• the method includes producing currents within the roll.
• FIGURE 1 illustrates an example paper production system according to this disclosure
• FIGURES 2A and 2B illustrate example orientations of an induction heating workcoil with respect to a roll according to this disclosure
• FIGURE 3 illustrates an example configuration of induction heating workcoils with respect to a roll according to this disclosure.
• FIGURE 4 illustrates an example method for reducing current exiting a roll through its bearings according to this disclosure.
• FIGURE 1 illustrates an example paper production system 100 according to this disclosure.
• the embodiment of the paper production system 100 shown in FIGURE 1 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the paper production system 100 may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
• the paper production system 100 includes a paper machine 102, a controller 104, and a network 106.
• the paper machine 102 includes various components used to produce a paper product.
• the various components may be used to produce a paper web or sheet 108 collected at a reel 110.
• the controller 104 monitors and controls the operation of the system 100, which may help to maintain or increase the quality of the paper sheet 108 produced by the paper machine 102.
• the paper machine 102 includes a headbox 112, which distributes a pulp suspension uniformly across the machine onto a continuous moving wire screen or mesh 113.
• the pulp suspension entering the headbox 112 may contain, for example, 0.2-3% wood fibers, fillers, and/or other materials, with the remainder of the suspension being water.
• the headbox 112 may include an array of dilution of different composition into the pulp suspension across the sheet. The dilution water may be used to help ensure that the resulting paper sheet 108 has a more uniform basis weight or more uniform composition across the sheet 108.
• the headbox 112 may also include an array of slice lip actuators, which controls a slice opening across the machine from which the pulp suspension exits the headbox 112 onto the moving wire screen or mesh 113.
• the array of slice lip actuators may also be used to control the basis weight of the paper or the distribution of fiber orientation angles of the paper across the sheet 108.
• An array of drainage elements 114 such as vacuum boxes, removes as much water as possible.
• An array of steam actuators 116 produces hot steam that penetrates the paper sheet 108 and releases the latent heat of the steam into the paper sheet 108, thereby increasing the temperature of the paper sheet 108 in sections across the sheet. The increase in temperature may allow for easier removal of additional water from the paper sheet 108.
• An array of rewet shower actuators 118 adds small droplets of water (which may be air atomized) onto one or both surfaces of the paper sheet 108.
• the array of rewet shower actuators 118 may be used to control the moisture profile of the paper sheet 108, reduce or prevent over-drying of the paper sheet 108, correct any dry streaks in the paper sheet 108, or enhance the effect of subsequent surface treatments (such as calendering) .
• the paper sheet 108 is then often passed through a calender having several nips of counter-rotating rolls 119.
• Arrays of induction heating workcoils 120 heat the surfaces of various ones of these rolls 119. As each roll surface locally heats up, the roll diameter is locally locally compresses the paper sheet 108 and transfers heat energy to it.
• the arrays of induction heating workcoils 120 may therefore be used to control the caliper (thickness) profile of the paper sheet 108.
• the nips of a calender may also be equipped with other actuator arrays, such as arrays of air showers or steam showers, which may be used to control the gloss profile or smoothness profile of the paper sheet.
• a thick stock flow actuator 122 controls the consistency of the incoming stock received at the headbox 112.
• a steam flow actuator 124 controls the amount of heat transferred to the paper sheet 108 from drying cylinders 123.
• the actuators 122-124 could, for example, represent valves controlling the flow of stock and steam, respectively. These actuators may be used for controlling the dry weight and moisture of the paper sheet 108. Additional components could be used to further process the paper sheet 108, such as a supercalender (for improving the paper sheet's thickness, smoothness, and gloss) or one or more coating stations (each applying a layer of coatant to a surface of the paper to improve the smoothness and printability of the paper sheet) . Similarly, additional flow actuators may be used to control the proportions of different types of pulp and filler material in the thick stock and to control the amounts of various additives (such as retention aid or dyes) that are mixed into the stock.
• various additives such as retention aid or dyes
• one or more properties of the paper sheet 108 may be continuously or repeatedly measured.
• the sheet properties can be measured at one or various stages in the manufacturing process. This information may then be used to adjust the paper machine 102, such as by adjusting various actuators within the paper machine 102. This may help to compensate for any variations of the sheet properties from desired targets, which may help to ensure the quality of the sheet 108.
• the paper machine 102 includes a scanner 126, which may include one or more sensors.
• the scanner 126 is capable of scanning the paper sheet 108 and measuring one or more characteristics of the paper sheet 108.
• the scanner 126 could include sensors for measuring the weight, moisture, caliper (thickness), gloss, color, smoothness, or any other or additional characteristics of the paper sheet 108.
• the scanner 126 includes any suitable structure or structures for measuring or detecting one or more characteristics of the paper sheet 108, such as sets or arrays of sensors.
• the controller 104 receives measurement data from the scanner 126 and uses the data to control the system 100.
• the controller 104 may use the paper machine 102 so that the paper sheet 108 has properties at or near desired properties.
• the controller 104 includes any hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof for controlling the operation of at least part of the system 100. Also, while one controller is shown here, multiple controllers could be used to control the paper machine 102.
• the network 106 is coupled to the controller 104 and various components of the system 100 (such as actuators and scanners) .
• the network 106 facilitates communication between components of system 100.
• the network 106 represents any suitable network or combination of networks facilitating communication between components in the system 100.
• the network 106 could, for example, represent an Ethernet network, an electrical signal network (such as a HART or FOUNDATION FIELDBUS network) , a pneumatic control signal network, or any other or additional network (s) .
• the induction heating workcoils 120 may operate by generating currents in the surface of one or more of the rolls 119.
• the currents created in a roll can exit the roll through its bearings.
• bearing currents also called “shaft currents”
• shaft currents can lead to premature wear and damage to the bearings supporting the roll.
• the bearings can sometimes separate by small distances, and the currents flowing through the bearings can create sparks that pit or otherwise damage the bearings. Because of this, the bearings need to be replaced sooner or more often than desired. This leads to down time of the system 100 and monetary losses.
• FIGURE 1 illustrates one example of a paper production system 100
• various changes may be made to FIGURE 1.
• other systems could be used to produce paper sheets or other products.
• the production system 100 could include any number of paper machines or other production machinery having any suitable structure, and the system 100 could include any number of controllers.
• FIGURE 1 illustrates one operational environment in which induction heating workcoils 120 or other workcoils can be used and oriented to reduce currents flowing through bearings of one or more rolls. This functionality could be used in any other suitable system.
• FIGURES 2A and 2B illustrate example orientations 200a-200b of an induction heating workcoil with respect to a roll according to this disclosure.
• an induction heating workcoil 202 includes at least one coil 204 and a core 206.
• the coil 204 generally represents any suitable conductive material (s) wound in a coil or otherwise wrapped around at least a portion of the core 206.
• the coil 204 could, for example, represent Litz wire or other conductive wire wrapped around the core 206.
• the core 206 generally represents a structure that can direct or focus a magnetic field created by current flowing through the coil 204.
• the core 206 could, for example, represent ferrite.
• Terminal wires 208 couple the coil 204 actuator.
• the power source 210 generally represents a source of electrical energy flowing through the coil 204.
• the power source 210 could, for example, represent an alternating current (AC) source that operates at a specified frequency (such as 16kHz or other frequency) .
• the AC signal flows through the coil 204 and produces a magnetic flux 212.
• the induction heating workcoil 202 is placed in proximity to a roll 214.
• the magnetic flux 212 produces currents 216 that flow through the surface of the roll 214, heating the surface of the roll 214.
• the production of the currents 216 can be adjusted to control the amount of heating of the roll's surface, which also controls the amount of compression applied by the roll 214 to a paper sheet or other product.
• the induction heating workcoil 202 represents an unbalanced workcoil, meaning the workcoil 202 produces magnetic fluxes that have an appreciably non-null sum spatial vector.
• the workcoil (s) 202 can produce enough current to damage the bearings of the roll 214.
• the currents 216 produced by the induction heating workcoil 202 flow generally perpendicular to the path of the induced magnetic flux 212.
• the path of the magnetic flux 212 is substantially orthogonal (perpendicular) to an axis 218 about which the roll 214 rotates. Because of this, the currents 216 flow in a direction that is generally parallel to the axis 218 of the roll 214. As a result, in this orientation 200a, the currents 216 would therefore exit the roll 214 through bearings supporting the
• the induction heating workcoil 202 has been repositioned so that the path of the induced magnetic flux 212 within the roll 214 is generally parallel to or axially aligned with the axis 218 about which the roll 214 rotates. Again, the currents 216 produced by the induction heating workcoil 202 flow generally perpendicular to the path of the induced magnetic flux 212. Here, though, the currents 216 flow in a direction that is generally orthogonal to the roll axis 218.
• the currents 216 produced by the induction heating workcoil 202 flow in a direction normal to the roll axis 218 (rather than towards the ends of the roll 214) . In this way, little or none of the currents 216 may flow through the bearings at the ends of the roll 214.
• the induction heating workcoil 202 could initially be installed (and possibly even used for a period of time) as shown in FIGURE 2A and then reoriented as shown in FIGURE 2B.
• the ability to reorient the induction heating workcoil 202 may be associated with the workcoil alone, mounting hardware used to mount the workcoil, a support beam on which the workcoil is mounted, a combination of these structures, or any other suitable structure (s) .
• FIGURES 2A and 2B illustrate examples of orientations 200a-200b of an induction heating workcoil with respect to a roll
• various changes may be made to FIGURES 2A and 2B.
• any suitable number of induction heating workcoil 202 could be used with the roll 214.
• the induction heating workcoil 202 includes an open substantially U-shaped core 206 having opposed legs and a central portion, and the coil 204 is formed around the defined by a cross-section of the core 206 lengthwise along the legs and through the central portion of the core 206.
• the core 206 could have any other suitable shape or cross- section (such as a substantially C-shaped core) , and one or multiple coils 204 could be placed in any suitable location (s) on the core 206. As a particular example, one or more coils 204 could be placed on each opposed leg of the U-shaped core 206.
• any induction heating workcoil 202 that can create an induced magnetic flux that is substantially axially aligned with or parallel to the axis 218 of the roll 214 could be used here.
• FIGURE 3 illustrates an example configuration 300 of induction heating workcoils with respect to a roll according to this disclosure.
• the configuration 300 includes multiple induction heating workcoils 302 placed adjacent to each other in an end-to- end fashion across the surface of a roll 304.
• the induction heating workcoils 302 could have any suitable spacing, such as one induction heating workcoil every fifty millimeters.
• the configuration 300 also includes multiple rows of induction heating workcoils 302. The induction heating workcoils 302 in the different rows may or may not be offset, and the rows could have any suitable spacing.
• the induction heating workcoils 302 operate to produce currents in different areas or zones of a conductive shell 306 of the roll 304.
• the conductive shell 306 generally represents the portion of the roll 304 that contacts a paper sheet or other product being formed.
• the conductive shell 306 or the roll 304 could be formed from any suitable material (s), such as a metallic ferromagnetic material.
• the currents could also be produced in different areas or zones of the roll 304 itself, such as when the the zones could be controlled by adjusting the amount of energy flowing into the coils of the induction heating workcoils 302 (via control of the power sources 210) . This control could, for example, be provided by the controller 104 in the paper production system 100 of FIGURE 1.
• the induction heating workcoils 302 are oriented so that the currents flow within the roll 304.
• the currents 304 are not directed parallel to the axis of the roll 304, so a reduced or minimized amount of current flows through the bearings of the roll 304.
• FIGURE 3 illustrates one example of a configuration 300 of induction heating workcoils with respect to a roll
• the configuration 300 could include any number of rows of induction heating workcoils 302 at any uniform or non-uniform spacing.
• each row could include any number of induction heating workcoils 302 at any uniform or non-uniform spacing.
• FIGURE 4 illustrates an example method 400 for reducing current exiting a roll through its bearings according to this disclosure.
• one or more induction heating workcoils are placed in proximity to a roll at step 402. This could include, for example, placing multiple induction heating workcoils 120 near a roll 119 in a paper calender. Any suitable number of induction heating workcoils could be placed near the roll, and the induction heating workcoils could have any suitable arrangement or configuration.
• the induction heating workcoils are oriented at step 404. This could include, for example, orienting the substantially parallel to the roll's axis. In general, the orientation involves positioning the induction heating workcoils so that the paths of their induced magnetic fluxes are substantially parallel to the roll's axis.
• the roll can be rotated during the production of a paper sheet or other continuous web product at step 406, and currents are produced through the roll at step 408.
• the currents can be generated by providing AC signals to the coils 204 of the induction heating workcoils.
• the currents produced by the induction heating workcoils do not flow substantially axially within the roll, so the amount of current exiting the roll through its bearings can be reduced or minimized.
• FIGURE 4 illustrates one example of a method 400 for reducing current exiting a roll through its bearings
• various changes may be made to FIGURE 4.
• steps shown in FIGURE 4 could overlap, occur in parallel, occur in a different order, or occur multiple times.
• Couple and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether or not those elements are in physical contact with one another.
• the term “or” is inclusive, meaning and/or.
• controller means any device, system, or part thereof that controls at least one operation.
• a controller may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or some combination of at least two of the same.
• the functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, whether locally or remotely.

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• Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-04-15 US US12/103,195 patent/US20090258771A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2009
  • 2009-03-31 WO PCT/US2009/038892 patent/WO2009129047A2/en active Application Filing
  • 2009-03-31 JP JP2011505072A patent/JP2011519407A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-03-31 EP EP09731581A patent/EP2274474A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-03-31 CA CA2721361A patent/CA2721361A1/en not_active Abandoned

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