EP2269277A1 - Laser und verfahren zur erzeugung gepulster laserstrahlung - Google Patents
Laser und verfahren zur erzeugung gepulster laserstrahlungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2269277A1 EP2269277A1 EP09737739A EP09737739A EP2269277A1 EP 2269277 A1 EP2269277 A1 EP 2269277A1 EP 09737739 A EP09737739 A EP 09737739A EP 09737739 A EP09737739 A EP 09737739A EP 2269277 A1 EP2269277 A1 EP 2269277A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- transistors
- transistor
- capacitor
- control unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
- H01S5/062—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes
- H01S5/06209—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium by varying the potential of the electrodes in single-section lasers
- H01S5/06216—Pulse modulation or generation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0428—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor for applying pulses to the laser
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laser and a method for generating pulsed laser radiation.
- Such lasers are used for example in the field of distance measurement and speed measurement. For this it is necessary that the laser generates pulses with pulse lengths in the range of a few ns and pulse repetition rates of 1 to 100 kHz with high pulse powers in the range of a few 10 W.
- Such lasers often include a laser diode, a capacitor connected to the laser diode, a charging module for charging the capacitor and a switching transistor which is driven so that the charged capacitor is discharged via the laser diode for generating the laser pulse.
- the life of the switching transistor decreases exponentially (by about half every 10 Kelvin). Furthermore, it is often not possible to increase the heat radiating area of the laser due to the negative effect on accuracy in pulse transit time measurement.
- a laser for generating pulsed laser radiation comprising a laser diode, a capacitor connected to the laser diode, a charging module for charging the capacitor, a plurality of transistors connected in parallel between the laser diode and the capacitor, and a control unit which repeatedly repeats a pulse generation cycle in which it drives the charging module for charging the capacitor and then exactly one of the transistors for discharging the capacitor via the Selects laser diode for generating a laser pulse, wherein the control unit does not select the same transistor for driving in at least two temporally successive pulse generating cycles.
- the thermal load of the individual transistor can be reduced, which leads to a significantly higher lifetime of the individual transistors.
- the significantly longer lifetime of the individual transistors also leads to an overall longer lifetime of the entire laser since the service life of the transistors used e.g. is less than the life of the laser diode used.
- the control unit may have a divider which divides a supplied pulse repetition signal by the number of transistors, whereby the transistors with the divided frequency can be sequentially selected and thereby driven.
- each state of the divider may be assigned a transistor.
- a Gray code counter can be used as a divider whose outputs are each assigned to one of the transistors. This gives a very good electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). It can be ensured that even with EMC interference always exactly one of the transistors and never more of the transistors are activated simultaneously.
- the control unit can always select the transistors one after the other in the same order. This is particularly advantageous in terms of reducing the thermal load and thus increasing the life of the transistors and thus the entire laser.
- the laser may have two, three, four, five or more transistors.
- the control unit can be designed such that it never selects the same transistor for two chronologically successive pulse generation cycles. Thus, the same transistor is never selected twice in succession. This achieves a very good reduction in the thermal load on the transistors and thus an exponential increase in the service life.
- the controller may include a random generator that randomly selects the one transistor for the pulse generation cycles.
- the random number generator is preferably designed so that each transistor is selected the same number of times over a plurality of pulse generation cycles.
- a plurality of pulse generation cycles is understood to mean, in particular, a pulse generation cycle number of greater than 100 times the number of transistors.
- the laser is configured such that the capacitor is a high voltage capacitor charged to a few hundred volts (e.g., 230V).
- a discharge current of up to 50 A with a discharge duration and thus a pulse length of a few ns can be generated.
- the laser can achieve pulse repetition rates of a few kHz to 100 kHz and even more than 100 kHz.
- the laser may be additionally equipped with a cooling device to further improve the life of the laser.
- a cooling device to further improve the life of the laser.
- an air convection device that does not cause any capacitive behavior, as may occur, for example, by additional cooling elements is suitable.
- the laser is equipped with, for example, a fan which presses the outside air into the housing of the laser or pulls it into the housing via an opening.
- the light exit opening of the laser diode can be used in a suitable embodiment.
- a suitable aerator or suitable air intake device is advantageously arranged above the elements to be cooled in such a way that it expediently distributes or sucks the cooling air through suitably arranged air passage openings in the housing. It is advantageous in the case of the air intake through the light exit opening that the direction of the exiting light radiation is not changed. This may possibly lead to deflecting the emerging light beam at higher air temperatures.
- the circuit board is interspersed with air circulation openings to direct the air to the elements to be cooled.
- a pulse generating cycle is repeatedly performed in which a capacitor is charged and then discharged by a selected one of a plurality of transistors connected in parallel through a laser diode for generating a laser pulse, wherein at least two consecutive pulse generating cycles are not the same
- Transistor is selected for discharging the capacitor.
- the thermal load of the transistor can be reduced and thus its life can be significantly increased.
- the transistors can always be sequentially selected and driven in the same order.
- the thermal load of each transistor can be minimized.
- a supplied pulse generating signal can be divided by the number of transistors and the selected transistors can be driven with the generated divider signal for activation.
- the necessary control signals for the transistors can be easily generated, while ensuring that the pulses are generated equidistant in time.
- a signal indicative of the selected transistor can be output. This is particularly advantageous if information about the currently activated
- Transistor necessary or desired. This is e.g. in the field of distance and
- Discharge circuits can lead to different results. However, these differences can be calibrated and taken into account in the measurement when the currently activated transistor is known.
- the exactly one transistor can be randomly selected for the respective pulse generation cycle.
- the transistor may be randomly selected such that each transistor is selected the same number of times over a plurality of pulse generation cycles over time.
- the transistors are loaded with the same number of activations over the time of the plurality of pulse generating cycles.
- cooling of the heating elements may additionally be provided to further improve the service life.
- Air convection in particular, which does not cause any capacitive behavior, as may occur, for example, by means of additional cooling elements, is suitable for this purpose.
- the laser is cooled with, for example, a fan that presses the outside air into the housing of the laser or through an opening in the housing (suction fan).
- suction fan As a Heileinbergs- or air outlet opening, the light exit opening of the laser diode can be used in a special embodiment.
- a suitable aerator or suitable air intake device is advantageously arranged above the elements to be cooled in such a way that it expediently distributes or sucks the cooling air through suitably arranged air passage openings in the housing. It is advantageous in the case of the air intake through the light exit opening that the direction of the exiting light radiation is not changed. This may possibly lead to deflecting the emerging light beam at higher air temperatures.
- the circuit board is interspersed with air circulation openings to direct the air to the elements to be cooled.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the laser according to the invention.
- the laser 1 for generating pulsed laser radiation which is indicated by the arrows P1 and P2, comprises a pulse laser diode 2, the cathode of which is connected to a high-voltage capacitor 3.
- the capacitor 3 is in turn connected to the collectors of four avalanche transistors T1-T4.
- the emitters of the four transistors T1-T4 are connected to the anode of the laser diode 2 via a discharge resistor 4.
- the laser 1 further comprises a charging module 5 for charging the capacitor.
- the charging module 5 may include, for example, a one-shot flyback converter for charging the high-voltage capacitor 3.
- the laser 1 contains a control unit 6, which is connected on the one hand to the charging module 5 and on the other hand to the base terminals of the four avalanche transistors T1-T4. In this circuit configuration, the four transistors T1-T4 between the capacitor 3 and the Entladewiederstand 4 and thus the laser diode 2 are connected in parallel to each other.
- a plurality of pulse generating cycles are performed under control of the control unit 6, in each of which first the charging module 5, the high voltage capacitor 3 to 230 V and then selects only one of the transistors T1-T4 and only this selected transistor T1
- the control unit 6 carries out the pulse generation cycles such that the same transistor is never selected for activation in two pulse generation cycles which follow each other in time.
- the transistors T1-T4 are sequentially selected and thus activated, with the selection of the transistor T1 being started again after the selection of the transistor T4.
- the transistors are driven sequentially only at the divided frequency of the pulse generation cycles, the divider factor corresponding to the number of transistors T1 - T4 connected in parallel.
- the thermal load of each transistor decreases in proportion to the number of transistors T1-T4 connected in parallel, however, thereby increasing the life of each of the transistors T1-T4 exponentially.
- a divider contained in the control unit 6 which has a frequency applied to the laser 1 pulse repetition frequency by the number Transistors divides, so that the desired time-sequential drive of the transistors T1-T4 can be realized.
- the divider can be designed, in particular, as a gray code counter whose outputs are each assigned to one of the transistors T1-T4. Since a Gray code for two adjacent numbers each differ by only one digit, ie one bit in the case of a binary code, a Gray code counter is advantageous with regard to electromagnetic compatibility, since this ensures that only one is always present only one of the transistors T1-T4 is turned on in a pulse generation cycle. Thus, it can be ensured that EMC disturbances do not cause several of the transistors T1-T4 to be simultaneously turned on or one of the transistors T1-T4 to be skipped.
- the laser 1 can be developed so that the number of the currently active avalanche transistor T1-T4 is output. In this case, e.g. always the number of the currently activated transistor T1-T4 are output. It is also possible to signal only one complete revolution of the counter (i.e., when a predetermined transistor has been activated, here for example the fourth transistor T4).
- the control unit 6 may also include a random number generator (not shown) which ensures that the transistors T1-T4 are uniformly loaded despite possible accidental EMC disturbances.
- the divider factor equals the number of transistors but is an average over a long period of time.
- each transistor T1 - T4 is successively selected and activated several times. On average, however, each transistor T1 - T4 is driven with the same number of activations, which increases the life of each of the transistors T1 - T4 exponentially.
- the laser 1 is preferably designed such that the number of the currently activated avalanche transistor T1 - T4 is output.
- the parallel-connected transistors T1-T4 and their connection lines to the laser diode will hardly be identical in practice. This results in several geometrical (for example by a few mm) different discharge circuits with their own parasitic elements, each generating different laser pulse forms in the sub-nanosecond range. Since in the pulse transit time measurement the time difference between a laser pulse of the laser 1 and the associated reflex pulse is used, occurs in different discharge circuits in the mm range of different distance results, depending on the currently activated transistor T1-T4.
- each discharge circuit it is possible to calibrate each discharge circuit.
- a distance measurement of a known distance e.g. a correction value can be determined for each transistor T1-T4. If the laser 1 signals the currently used transistor, therefore, can be taken into account in a distance measurement of this systematic error of the respective discharge circuit, so that highly accurate distance measurements are possible.
- the laser according to the invention can, as already described, be used for distance measurements.
- distance measurements for determining velocities of moving objects e.g. Vehicles are used.
- a measuring system for measuring the reflex pulses together with the associated control and evaluation module can also be provided, which can then also take into account the correction values for each discharge circuit in the evaluation, if e.g. because of the accuracy is desired.
- a distance measuring device and / or a speed measuring device can be provided.
- Such a distance / speed measuring device may have further, known in the art elements that are necessary for the operation of the device.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200810021588 DE102008021588B4 (de) | 2008-04-30 | 2008-04-30 | Laser und Verfahren zur Erzeugung gepulster Laserstrahlung |
| PCT/DE2009/000590 WO2009132631A1 (de) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-30 | Laser und verfahren zur erzeugung gepulster laserstrahlung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2269277A1 true EP2269277A1 (de) | 2011-01-05 |
Family
ID=40911077
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09737739A Withdrawn EP2269277A1 (de) | 2008-04-30 | 2009-04-30 | Laser und verfahren zur erzeugung gepulster laserstrahlung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2269277A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102008021588B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009132631A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3264544B1 (de) * | 2016-06-28 | 2020-01-01 | ams AG | Treiberschaltung zur erzeugung eines signalimpulses zum betreiben einer leuchtdiode |
| WO2021013308A1 (de) | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-28 | Jan Meijer | Nv-zentrum basierender mikrowellenfreier quantensensor und dessen anwendungen und ausprägungen |
| CN114981680B (zh) | 2020-01-07 | 2025-05-16 | 艾尔默斯半导体欧洲股份公司 | 光模块和具有至少一个这种光模块的LiDAR设备 |
| DE102020124564A1 (de) | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-08 | Elmos Semiconductor Se | Linse für ein mechanikloses LIDARSystem für eine Drohne |
| DE102020114782B4 (de) | 2020-01-07 | 2024-08-14 | Elmos Semiconductor Se | Mechanikloses LIDAR-System für eine Drohne |
| US12230940B2 (en) | 2021-01-25 | 2025-02-18 | Elmos Semiconductor Se | Mechanically free LIDAR system |
| DE102021128923A1 (de) | 2021-01-25 | 2022-07-28 | Elmos Semiconductor Se | Mechanikloses ISO26262 konformes LIDAR-System |
| DE102021101584B3 (de) | 2021-01-25 | 2022-03-10 | Elmos Semiconductor Se | Mechanikloses ISO26262 konformes LIDAR-System |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5624991A (en) * | 1979-08-08 | 1981-03-10 | Tech Res & Dev Inst Of Japan Def Agency | Driving circuit for pulse laser diode |
| DE3725035A1 (de) * | 1987-07-29 | 1989-02-09 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Schaltungsanordnung zur energieversorgung pulsbetriebener lasten, insbesondere laserdioden |
| JPH02228084A (ja) * | 1989-03-01 | 1990-09-11 | Fujitsu Ltd | 半導体レーザの駆動回路 |
| US5394419A (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1995-02-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuit arrangement for limiting the power of the optical signal emitted by a laser diode |
| DE102006036167B4 (de) * | 2006-08-01 | 2011-02-03 | Laserline Gesellschaft für Entwicklung und Vertrieb von Diodenlasern mbH | Schaltungsanordnung zum gepulsten Ansteuern einer Laserdiodenanordnung |
-
2008
- 2008-04-30 DE DE200810021588 patent/DE102008021588B4/de active Active
-
2009
- 2009-04-30 EP EP09737739A patent/EP2269277A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-04-30 WO PCT/DE2009/000590 patent/WO2009132631A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009132631A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009132631A1 (de) | 2009-11-05 |
| DE102008021588B4 (de) | 2011-05-19 |
| DE102008021588A1 (de) | 2009-12-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2269277A1 (de) | Laser und verfahren zur erzeugung gepulster laserstrahlung | |
| DE69605516T2 (de) | Treiberschaltung für eine lichtemittierende Matrix-Anzeige mit Switched-Capacitor-Netzwerk | |
| DE102012104732B4 (de) | Hinterleuchtungseinheit und Verfahren zum Ansteuern derselben | |
| DE102006052060B4 (de) | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Anregung einer Gaslaseranordnung | |
| DE4110633C2 (de) | Gate-Ansteuerschaltung für eine Halbleiter-Schaltvorrichtung | |
| AT501424A1 (de) | Verfahren für einen wechselrichter und wechselrichter, insbesondere solarwechselrichter | |
| EP0213283A1 (de) | Einrichtung zur Münzenprüfung | |
| EP0790809A1 (de) | Zahnbürste und verfahren zur anzeige der putzzeitdauer | |
| DE102016116368B4 (de) | Treiberschaltung für wenigstens ein lichtemittierendes Bauelement und Steuerverfahren | |
| EP3677100A2 (de) | Ansteuervorrichtung für eine röntgenröhre und verfahren zum betrieb einer röntgenröhre | |
| DE602005003340T2 (de) | Elektronisches antriebssystem für eine tropfensprayerzeugungsvorrichtung | |
| DE112013002021T5 (de) | Ausgangspuls Form- und Leistungssteuerung eines gepulsten CO2 Lasers | |
| EP2294481A2 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von high dynamic range (hdr)-bildaufnahmen sowie belichtungsvorrichtungen zur verwendung darin | |
| DE2813470B2 (de) | Anzeigevorrichtung mit einem Spannungsvergleicher und mehreren Anzeigeelementen | |
| DE10357776A1 (de) | Steueranordnung mit Leuchtdiode | |
| DE3115121C2 (de) | ||
| EP2316123B1 (de) | Anordnung und verfahren zur erzeugung eines plasmas mit definiertem und stabilem ionisierungszustand | |
| DE69419454T2 (de) | Röntgenstrahlenerzeugungssystem | |
| DE3415449C2 (de) | ||
| DE102017114526B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Ansteuerung von Leistungshalbleitern in einem Inverter | |
| EP0373357B1 (de) | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Regelung fremderregter Gleichstrommotoren | |
| DE102009019313A1 (de) | Anordnung und Verfahren zum Kühlen einer wärmeerzeugenden Baueinheit | |
| DE2261979A1 (de) | Elektronische schaltung mit batteriespannungs-ueberwachung | |
| DE1909026A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Anzeige von Messwerten | |
| DE102018007284B4 (de) | Pulsgeber |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20100914 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA RS |
|
| RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: G01S 17/10 20060101ALN20110525BHEP Ipc: H03K 17/00 20060101ALI20110525BHEP Ipc: H01S 5/062 20060101ALI20110525BHEP Ipc: H01S 5/042 20060101AFI20110525BHEP |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20120103 |