EP2266764A1 - Method and device for separating continuously supplied paper piles - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has cutting knives arranged around a periphery of a separation disk (2), where the knives have two cutting edges (3, 3'). The edges are arranged in plane of respective front-sides of the disk. Two counter knifes have third and fourth cutting edges that are aligned on the respective front sides of the disk. The disk is formed from two mirror-symmetric disk parts (12, 12') that are arranged relative to one another with an angular displacement. The disk parts are assembled on one another in a congruent manner, so that part-cuts are carried out in synchronous manner. An independent claim is also included for a method for separating continuously conveyed paper sheets in a separation direction.

Description

The invention is in the field of paper processing and relates to a method and an apparatus for cutting continuously conveyed paper layers, wherein the separation takes place approximately parallel to the conveying direction. The method and apparatus are particularly suitable for dicing multiple-sided or multiple-use multi-page printed products that comprise two or more than two identical or different pieces and that are conveyed in one stream, such that adjacent copies are in a printed product and are arranged aligned in the conveying direction for all printed products. Of course, other applications of the method and device according to the invention are also conceivable.

In contrast to the process of cropping printed products, in which printed areas unwanted edge areas in a top, bottom and / or front section are cut and therefore the quality of the paper edges is important only on the side of the printed product but not on the side of the cut-away section , it is important when dividing multiple benefits that both by the separation resulting edges have the best possible quality.

It has been shown that equal edge quality on both sides is better achieved when cutting continuously fed paper layers, if the separation is not effected by a single cut but by creating a parting line either by sawing or milling and removal of a chip-like waste or by parallel cutting along two parallel cutting lines that are as close as possible to each other, creating a narrow strip of waste between the two parts.

The publication CH-666 651 describes a device for cutting continuously conveyed paper layers, in particular of a scale flow of printed products, with the aid of a rotating driven cutting disc, which has two each arranged in the plane of an end face of the disc, circular cutting edges. Each of the two cutting edges is arranged cooperating with a counter-blade rotating in the opposite direction, the counter-blades also each having a circular cutting edge. The paper layers are pressed against each other for the separation. The cutting disk has, for example, a hollow grinding running around its circumference or consists of two disk parts placed against each other, wherein the mutually facing sides of the two disk parts are ground obliquely on their circumference. Obviously, the paper layers in such a device are severed by two parallel cutting processes, such that a waste strip is formed between the two severed product parts.

In the same publication, it is also proposed to form the cutting disc as a cutting disc or saw blade with sawtooth grinding, so not as a cutting but as a cutting tool. In the case of the Sägezahnschliffs is proposed instead of the usual for sawing the teeth, this order on two of the disc parts mentioned above corresponding mirror image disc parts.

In the publication WO-2005/102624 For the cutting of continuously conveyed paper layers, a rotating cutting wheel is also disclosed. Said teeth have alternating saw teeth and peeling blades around their circumference, wherein the cutting edges of the peeling blades lie alternately in the plane of one and in the plane of the other end face of the cutting disk. The function of the saw teeth is to clear a dividing seam by machining. The function of the paring knife is to improve the originating from the clearing paper edges on both sides of the sawed joint in a peeling cut. In this case, the cutting disc is operated in the opposite direction to the promotion, such that the paring cut substantially in the direction of the paper layers and against the conveying direction, which is unnecessary for the peeling process (as of course for the sawing) the use of a counter knife.

It turns out that with regard to edge quality when cutting continuously fed paper layers there is still need for action. The invention thus has as its object to provide a further method and a further device, which are suitable for the separation of substantially continuously conveyed paper layers, wherein the paper edges resulting from the separation should meet high quality requirements. Furthermore, the inventive method is to enable a device that is very space-saving.

This object is achieved by the method and the device as defined in the patent claims.

According to the invention, a pure cutting process is used for the separation of continuously conveyed paper layers, ie no cutting steps. Said cutting process is a shear cutting, that is cutting between intersecting cutting edges of a cutting blade and one with the cutting blade cooperating counter knife, wherein the two cutting edges are substantially rectilinear and the cutting edge of the cutting blade is advantageously arranged on a rotating cutting disc and the paper layers abut the cutting edge of the counter knife. The cutting process is carried out in successive cutting steps alternately on one side and on the other side of a parting line, such that a narrow strip of waste is cut out of the paper layers. Alternatively, the cutting steps are performed synchronously on both sides of the parting line. The paper layers are pressed against each other during the dicing of the resulting parting line so that they, where the cutting edges act, fit snugly against the cutting edge of the counter knife. The counter blades are preferably stationary during the separation and, more preferably, for extending their life parallel to the conveying direction displaceable.

For the alternating or synchronous cutting steps, a plurality of cutting blades are preferably arranged on the cutting disk.

The paper layers to be separated are, for example, quasi endless paper webs or there are successively conveyed stacks of paper layers, for example multi-page printed products, in particular, as already mentioned above, two or more uses. If such printed products are relatively thin (for example, only two- or four-sided), the method according to the invention also provides for partially overlapping printed products, ie for a scale flow of the printed products, a separation with paper edges that can meet the highest quality requirements.

To carry out the alternating cutting steps, therefore, a plurality of cutting blades are used, which are arranged alternately around the circumference of a cutting disc are, and two counter-knife with rectilinear, parallel to the conveying direction aligned cutting edges. The axis of rotation of the cutting wheel is arranged on one side of the paper layers to be separated perpendicular to the conveying direction, such that the cutting edges of the cutting blade can be moved through the paper layers. The cutting edges of the counter blades are arranged on the other side of the paper layers and aligned on the two end faces of the cutting wheel. The rotating cutting disc is operated concurrently with the promotion of the paper layers. The alternating cutting blades have substantially rectilinear cutting edges which lie alternately in the plane of one and the other end faces of the cutting disc and which have two ends, one of which is formed as a sharp cutting tip. The cutting wheel, the means for conveying the paper layers and the counter blades are arranged relative to each other, that at the beginning of each cutting step, the cutting tip of the cutting blade first meets the paper layers and the cutting edge of the cutting blade forms a cutting angle with the cutting edge of the counter knife, at least as long the two cutting edges intersect, advantageously greater than 15 ° and less than 60 °. The two cooperating cutting edges are therefore never parallel to each other during the entire cutting step (only crossing cut, never full-edged cut). Depending on whether the cutting tip is leading or trailing relative to the cutting edge, the cut takes place in a cutting direction which runs counter to the conveying direction or is rectified therewith.

The conveying speed and the rotational speed of the cutting disc are to be adapted to the configuration of the cutting blade, that the continuous cutting produced by the alternating cutting steps on each side of the parting line, so that the paper layers are promoted from cutting step to cutting step on each side of the parting line by a distance which is not larger than the length of the cut producible in a cutting step. By this condition, the rotational speed of the blade for each conveying speed is a lower one Limit set. Advantageously, however, the blade is rotated much faster than at said minimum speed.

Experiments show that the inventive method for cutting continuously conveyed paper layers provide good quality paper edges when the parting line or the separating disk is between 3 and 6 mm wide, in particular between 4 and 5 mm. Experiments also show that a better edge quality can be achieved, the larger the diameter of the cutting wheel. However, it also turns out that good and in particular sufficient results are achieved even with cutting discs of a diameter in the range of about 160 to 250 mm, ie with cutting discs, which are significantly smaller than known cutting discs, which serve the same purpose. Such small cutting discs allow a space-saving design of the device for carrying out the inventive method.

The method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can be used to advantage for the separation of printed products, which are designed as two- or multiple-use and which are conveyed successively or overlapping one another.

• 1A. Ein Verfahren zum Zertrennen von im Wesentlichen kontinuierlich in einer
  Förderrichtung geförderten Papierlagen in einer parallel zur Förderrichtung (F) ausgerichteten Zertrennrichtung, wobei durch zwei parallele Schnitte zwischen je zwei Schneidkanten ein Abfallstreifen entsteht. Das Verfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die zwei parallelen Schnitte in alternierenden, ohne Zwischenschritte aufeinander folgenden oder in synchronen Schneidschritten erstellt werden, wobei in den alternierenden oder synchronen Schneidschritten je ein erstes oder ein zweites Paar von im wesentlichen geradlinigen Schneidkanten von Schneidmesser und Gegenmesser in einem scherenden Schnitt kooperieren, während die Papierlagen an den Schneidkanten der Gegenmesser anliegen.
• 1B. Das in Punkt 1A genannte Verfahren, das sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass für die aufeinander folgenden, alternierenden oder synchronen Schneidschritte an einer mit der Förderrichtung im Gleichlauf rotierenden Trennscheibe angeordnete Schneidmesser verwendet werden, wobei für das erste Paar von Schneidkanten die Schneidkante des Schneidmessers in der Ebene einer ersten Stirnseite der Trennscheibe liegt und die Schneidkante des Gegenmessers auf die erste Stirnseite der Trennscheibe ausgerichtet ist und wobei für das zweite Paar von Schneidkanten die Schneidkante des Schneidmessers in der Ebene einer zweiten Stirnseite der Trennscheibe liegt und die Schneidkante des Gegenmessers auf die zweite Stirnseite der Trennscheibe ausgerichtet ist.
• 1C. Das in Punkt 1A bzw. 1B genannte Verfahren, das sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Papierlagen während der Zertrennung gegeneinander gepresst werden, derart, dass sie satt an den Gegenmessern anliegen.
• 1D. Das in Punkt 1B bzw. 1C genannte Verfahren, das sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Ausrichtung der Schneidkanten der Schneidmesser und die Schneidkanten der Gegenmesser derart aufeinander abgestimmt sind, dass ein als Schneidspitze ausgerüstetes Ende der Schneidkanten der Schneidmesser zuerst auf die Papierlagen trifft.
• 1E. Das in Punkt 1D genannte Verfahren, das sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Schneidspitze der Schneidkante vorläuft und dass die Papierlagen in jedem Schneidschritt in einer der Förderrichtung (F) entgegenlaufenden Schneidrichtung geschnitten werden.
• 1 F. Das in Punkt 1D genannte Verfahren, das sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Schneidspitze der Schneidkante nachläuft und dass die Papierlagen in jedem Schneidschritt in einer mit der Förderrichtung (F) gleichgerichteten Schneidrichtung geschnitten werden.
• 1G. Das in Punkt 1A genannte Verfahren, das sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass ein Schneidwinkel (alpha) zwischen der Schneidkante des Schneidmessers und der Schneidkante des Gegenmessers, solange die beiden Schneidkanten gekreuzt sind, grösser als 15° und kleiner als 60° ist.
• 2A. Eine Vorrichtung zum Zertrennen von im wesentlichen kontinuierlich in einer Förderrichtung (F) geförderten Papierlagen in einer im wesentlichen parallel zur Förderrichtung (F) ausgerichteten Zertrennrichtung, wobei durch zwei parallele Schnitte zwischen je einer Schneidkante eines Schneidmessers und einer Schneidkante eines Gegenmessers ein Abfallstreifen entsteht, welche Vorrichtung für die Erstellung der zwei parallelen Schnitte ein Schneidmesser und ein Gegenmesser mit je einer Schneidkante aufweist. Die Vorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass zur Erstellung der zwei parallelen Schnitte in alternierenden, ohne Zwischenschritte aufeinander folgenden oder synchronen Schneidschritten ein erstes und ein zweites Paar von in einem scherenden Schnitt kooperierend angeordneten, im wesentlichen geradlinigen Schneidkanten von Schneidmesser und Gegenmesser vorgesehen sind, und dass die Vorrichtung ferner Mittel aufweist, mit deren Hilfe die Papierlagen an den Schneidkanten der Gegenmesser anliegend förderbar sind.
• 2B. Die in Punkt 2A genannte Vorrichtung, die sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Schneidmesser um den Umfang einer im Gleichlauf mit der Förderrichtung (F) rotierenden Trennscheibe angeordnet sind, wobei für das erste Paar von Schneidkanten die Schneidkante des Schneidmessers in der Ebene einer ersten Stirnseite der Trennscheibe liegt und die Schneidkante des Gegenmessers auf die erste Stirnseite der Trennscheibe ausgerichtet ist und wobei für das zweite Paar von Schneidkanten die Schneidkante des Schneidmessers in der Ebene einer zweiten Stirnseite der Trennscheibe angeordnet ist und die Schneidkante des Gegenmessers auf die zweite Stirnseite der Trennscheibe ausgerichtet ist.
• 2C. Die in Punkt 2A bzw. 2B genannte Vorrichtung, die sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Vorrichtung Mittel zum Zusammenpressen der Papierlagen und zum satten Anlegen der Papierlagen an die Gegenmesser aufweist, die vorzugsweise als aktive Fördermittel oder Hilfsfördermittel ausgestaltet sind.
• 2D. Die in Punkt 2A genannte Vorrichtung, die sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Trennscheibe je eine Mehrzahl von Schneidmessern mit Schneidkanten für das erste und das zweite Paar von Schneidkanten aufweist, die alternierend um den Umfang der Trennscheibe angeordnet sind.
• 2E. Die in Punkt 2D genannte Vorrichtung, die sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Schneidkanten der Schneidmesser und die Schneidkanten der Gegenmesser derart angeordnet sind, dass als Schneidspitzen ausgerüstete Enden der Schneidkanten der Schneidmesser vor den Schneidkanten (3, 3') auf die Papierlagen treffen und dass diese Schneidspitzen den Schneidkanten vorlaufen oder nachlaufen.
• 2F. Die in Punkt 2A genannte Vorrichtung, die sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass die Trennscheibe je eine Mehrzahl von Schneidmessern mit Schneidkanten für das erste und das zweite Paar von Schneidkanten aufweist, die entlang dem Umfang der Trennscheibe jeweils paarweise nebeneinander angeordnet und in Umfangsrichtung durch Einkerbungen voneinander getrennt sind.
• 3A. Eine Trennscheibe, die sich für ein Verfahren gemäss Punkt 1A oder für eine Vorrichtung gemäss Punkt 2A eignet und die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass um den Umfang alternierend Schneidmesser angeordnet sind, die im wesentlichen geradlinige, in der Ebene der einen oder der anderen Stirnseite der Trennscheibe liegende Schneidkanten aufweisen, wobei jede der Schneidkanten ein als Schneidspitze ausgebildetes Ende aufweist, das vorzugsweise radial aussen liegend oder radial innen liegend ist.
• 3B. Die in Punkt 3A genannte Trennscheibe, die sich im Weiteren dadurch auszeichnen kann, dass sie einstückig oder aus zwei miteinander gekoppelten, im Wesentlichen spiegelsymmetrischen Scheibenteilen aufgebaut ist.

In the following description part again characteristic features of both the method and the device and the cutting disc are reproduced, as claimed in the parent application to the present divisional application. These features are also intended to be part of the disclosure of this divisional application:

• 1A. A method of dicing essentially continuously in one
  Conveying direction of conveyed paper layers in a direction parallel to the conveying direction (F) aligned severing direction, whereby by two parallel cuts between each two cutting edges a waste strip is formed. The method is characterized in that the two parallel cuts in alternating, without intermediate steps successive or in synchronous cutting steps are created, wherein in the alternating or synchronous cutting steps depending on a first or a second pair of substantially rectilinear cutting edges of the cutting blade and counter knife in cooperate with a shearing cut, while the paper layers abut the cutting edges of the counter knife.
• 1B. The method mentioned in point 1A, which may further be characterized in that are used for the successive, alternating or synchronous cutting steps on a rotating with the conveying direction in synchronous cutting blade cutting blade, wherein for the first pair of cutting edges, the cutting edge of the cutting blade is in the plane of a first end face of the cutting disc and the cutting edge of the counter blade is aligned with the first end face of the blade and wherein for the second pair of cutting edges, the cutting edge of the cutting blade in the plane of a second end face of the blade is and the cutting edge of the counter blade on the second end face of the blade is aligned.
• 1C. The method mentioned in point 1A or 1B, which may further be characterized in that the paper layers are pressed against each other during the separation, such that they fit snugly against the counter knives.
• 1D. The method mentioned in point 1B or 1C, which may further be characterized in that the alignment of the cutting edges of the cutting blades and the cutting edges of the counter-blades are coordinated so that an end equipped as a cutting tip of the cutting edges of the cutting blade first meets the paper layers ,
• 1E. The method mentioned in point 1D, which may further be distinguished in that the cutting tip precedes the cutting edge and in that the paper layers are cut in each cutting step in a cutting direction opposite to the conveying direction (F).
• 1 F. The method mentioned in point 1D, which may be further characterized in that the cutting tip of the cutting edge trailing and that the paper layers are cut in each cutting step in a direction aligned with the conveying direction (F) cutting direction.
• 1G. The method mentioned in point 1A, which may be further characterized in that a cutting angle (alpha) between the cutting edge of the cutting blade and the cutting edge of the counter knife, as long as the two cutting edges are crossed, greater than 15 ° and less than 60 °.
• 2A. An apparatus for severing substantially continuously in a conveying direction (F) funded paper layers in a direction substantially parallel to the conveying direction (F) aligned separating, wherein by two parallel cuts between each cutting edge of a cutting blade and a cutting edge of a counter knife a waste strip is formed, which Device for the preparation of the two parallel cuts a cutting blade and a counter knife, each having a cutting edge. The device is characterized in that for the preparation of the two parallel cuts in alternating, without intermediate steps successive or synchronous cutting steps, a first and a second pair of co-operating in a shearing cut arranged, substantially rectilinear cutting edges of the cutting blade and counter blade are provided, and in that the apparatus further comprises means with the aid of which the paper layers can be conveyed lying adjacent to the cutting edges of the counter-blades.
• 2 B. The device referred to in point 2A, which may be further characterized in that the cutting blades are arranged around the circumference of a cutting disc rotating in synchronism with the conveying direction (F), wherein for the first pair of cutting edges, the cutting edge of the cutting blade in the plane of the cutting edge of the counter blade is aligned with the first end face of the blade and wherein the cutting edge of the cutting blade is arranged in the plane of a second end face of the blade for the second pair of cutting edges and the cutting edge of the counter blade on the second end of the Cutting disc is aligned.
• 2C. The device mentioned in point 2A or 2B, which may further characterized in that the device comprises means for compressing the paper layers and the rich application of the paper layers to the counter knife, which are preferably designed as active conveying means or auxiliary conveying means.
• 2D. The device mentioned in item 2A, which may further be characterized in that the cutting disc each having a plurality of cutting blades with cutting edges for the first and the second pair of cutting edges, which are arranged alternately around the circumference of the cutting disc.
• 2E. The device referred to in point 2D, which may further be characterized in that the cutting edges of the cutting blades and the cutting edges of the counter-blades are arranged such that equipped as cutting tips ends of the cutting edges of the cutting blade in front of the cutting edges (3, 3 ') on the paper layers and that these cutting tips precede or run after the cutting edges.
• 2F. The apparatus mentioned in item 2A, which may be further characterized in that the cutting disk each having a plurality of cutting blades with cutting edges for the first and the second pair of cutting edges, which are arranged in pairs next to each other along the circumference of the cutting disk and are separated from one another in the circumferential direction by notches.
• 3A. A cut-off wheel suitable for a method according to item 1A or for a device according to item 2A and which is characterized in that cutting blades are arranged alternately around the circumference, which are substantially rectilinear, in the plane of one or the other end face of the cutting wheel Having horizontal cutting edges, wherein each of the cutting edges has a trained as a cutting tip end, which is preferably lying radially outward or radially inward.
• 3B. The cutting disc mentioned in point 3A, which may be further characterized in that it is constructed in one piece or from two mutually coupled, substantially mirror-symmetrical disc parts.

Figur 1

einen einzigen Schneidschritt einer ersten, beispielhaften Ausfüh- rungsform des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens zum Zertrennen von kontinuierlich geförderten Papierlagen (Schnitt entlang der entste- henden Trennfuge);

Figuren 2 u. 3

der Schneidbereich einer Vorrichtung zum Zertrennen von kontinu- ierlich geförderten Papierlagen nach dem Verfahren gemäss Fig. 1 (Fig. 2: Ansicht parallel zur Achse der Trennscheibe; Fig. 3: Schnitt senkrecht zur Trennfuge);

Figur 4

eine beispielhafte Trennscheibe zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Fig. 1 (Blickwinkel parallel zur Scheibenachse);

Figur 5

eine perspektivische Darstellung des Schneidmesserbereichs der Trennscheibe gemäss Fig. 4;

Figuren 6 bis 8

wie Figuren 1, 4 und 5 für eine zweite beispielhafte Ausführungs- form des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens zum Zertrennen von kon- tinuierlich geförderten Papierlagen;

Figur 9

ein Schneidschritt einer dritten beispielhaften Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens;

Fig.10-12

alternative Gestaltungen einer Trennscheibe, bestehend aus zwei Scheibenteilen in verschiedenen Ansichten;

Fig. 13

die Verwendung eines einzelnen Scheibenteils zum Beschneiden eines Druckereiprodukts an einer Seitenkante.

Exemplary embodiments of the method and the device according to the invention will be described in detail in connection with the following figures. Showing:

FIG. 1

a single cutting step of a first, exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention for severing continuously fed paper layers (section along the resulting parting line);

FIGS. 2 and 3 3

the cutting area of a device for cutting continuously conveyed paper layers according to the method according to Fig. 1 (Fig. 2 : View parallel to the axis of the cutting wheel; Fig. 3 : Section perpendicular to the parting line);

FIG. 4

an exemplary blade for performing the method according to Fig. 1 (Viewing angle parallel to the disc axis);

FIG. 5

a perspective view of the cutting blade portion of the blade according to Fig. 4 ;

FIGS. 6 to 8

as FIGS. 1 . 4 and 5 for a second exemplary embodiment of the inventive method for dicing continuously fed paper layers;

FIG. 9

a cutting step of a third exemplary embodiment of the inventive method;

Fig.10-12

alternative designs of a cutting wheel, consisting of two disc parts in different views;

Fig. 13

the use of a single disc portion for pruning a printed product at a side edge.

FIG. 1 illustrates a single cutting step of a first, exemplary embodiment of the inventive method. In this case, to simplify the illustration, the paper layers 1 to be severed are shown stationary, while the axis of rotation M of the cutting disk 2 moves in a direction F '. This corresponds to a promotion of the paper layers 1 in the direction F at stationary rotation axis M (synchronization of promotion F and disc rotation R). Of the cutting disc 2, only the cutting edge 3 of a single cutting blade 4 is shown. The cutting edge 5 of the stationary counter knife 6 extends in the support plane of the paper layers 1 and perpendicular to the axis of rotation M of the cutting wheel 2. The distance between the rotation axis M of the cutting disk 2 and the surface of the paper layers 1, or the cutting edge 5 of the counter knife 6 is such that the cutting edge 3 of the cutting blade 2 arranged on the cutting blade 4, the paper layers 1 can completely penetrate. That is, a vertex of the cutting wheel 2 lying beyond the cutting edge 5 of the counter knife 6 has a distance from the cutting edge 5 which is greater than the radial distance between the two ends of the cutting edge 3.

The cutting disc 2 and the counter blade 6 are relative to each other and the cutting blade 4 is arranged on the cutting disc 2 such that the cutting edges 3 in the direction of rotation R trailing and radially outer end of the cutting edge 3, the first striking the paper layers 1 cutting tip 7, wherein this cutting tip 7 is immersed in the paper layers 1 in a still uncut position and the cutting direction (direction of movement of the crossing point K of the cutting edges of the cutting blade and counter knife) is rectified with the conveying direction F.

The cutting edge 3 of the cutting blade 4 is shown in three successive phases, indicated by indices .1, .2 and .3. In the first phase (Index .1), the cutting step begins, that is, the cutting tip 7.1 hits the paper layers 1. In the third phase (Index .3), the cutting step is completed, that is, the entire cutting edge 3.3 is on the side of the counter blade 6 outside the paper layers 1. The second phase (Index .2) is approximately midway between the first and the third phase, wherein the cutting edge of the cutting blade 3.2 crosses the cutting edge 5 of the counter knife 6.

Like from the FIG. 1 is apparent, the cutting angle alpha between the cutting edge 3 and the cutting edge 5 of the counter blade 6 during the cutting step greater. In the first phase, the cutting angle (alpha.1) is advantageously already greater than 15 ° and is not greater than, for example, 60 ° during the cutting step. Furthermore, from the FIG. 1 can be seen that the rotational speed R compared to the conveying speed F must be so large that the second edge 8, which together with the cutting edge 3 at an angle of advantageously about 90 °, the cutting tip 7 is formed and is not designed as a cutting edge to none Timing of the cutting step has a position relative to the paper layers 1, which is located further upstream than the position of the first impact of the cutting tip. 7

Figures 2 and 3 show the main components of a device according to the invention for carrying out the in Fig. 1 illustrated method. FIG. 2 shows the device with viewing angle parallel to the cutting disc axis, FIG. 3 cut transversely to the conveying direction F. The mentioned, most important components are the cutting disc 2, on whose circumference the alternating cutting blades 4 and 4 'are arranged with cutting edges 3 and 3', two counter blades 6 and 6 'with cutting edges 5 and 5' and pressing means 10/11 and 10 '/ 11 '.

The cutting edges 3 of the cutting blades 4 are in the plane of FIG FIG. 3 arranged on the left end face of the blade 2 and cooperate with the cutting edge 5 of counter blade 6. The cutting edges 3 'are arranged in the plane of the right end of the blade 2 and cooperate with the cutting edge 5' of the counter blade 6 '.

The counter knives 6 and 6 'are advantageously arranged guided in a rail, such that they can be easily moved parallel to the conveying direction. With such a displacement, it becomes possible to have a location of the cutting edge locally worn by the cutting steps through a not yet used or replace a less worn point, which extends the life of the counter knife relevant.

The pressing means 10/11 and 10 '/ 11', the only in FIG. 3 are represented, the paper layers 1 press during the separation on both sides of the resulting parting line on each other and against the counter knives 6 and 6 ', such that the paper layers during the cutting steps fed to the cutting edges 5 and 5' are applied. In addition to their pressing function, the pressing means can also serve as conveying means with the aid of which the paper layers are conveyed through the separating point, or they can support further conveying means (not shown) in this conveying function. The pressing means are designed, for example, as pairs of counter-rotating around at least two rollers (not shown) rotating press belts 10 and 11, and 10 'and 11', wherein the press belt 10 or 10 'the separating wheel side and the press belt 11 or 11' on the counter-blade side is arranged and wherein the speed of the press belts corresponds to the conveying speed. The press belts of the pairs 10/11 and 10 '/ 11' or the rollers over which they run, are pressed against each other with suitable resilient means. For an active conveying function of the pressing belts, at least one of the rollers is designed as actively driven drive rollers.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show an exemplary embodiment of the blade 2 for the method according to FIG. 1 , This has at a diameter of only 200 mm, for example, 24 cutting blade 4 and alternately 24 cutting blade 4 ', the cutting edges 3 or 3' each between 5 and 15 mm, for example, about 10 mm long. The angle beta between the cutting edge 7 forming edges of the cutting blade is about 90 ° (between 85 ° and 95 °), the angle gamma between the tangent to the cutting tip 7 and the cutting edge 3 about 45 °. The direction of rotation R of the cutting disc 2 is such that the radially outer ends of the cutting edges run after the cutting edges. The position of the cutting edge 5 of the counter blade 6 is such that the radially outer ends of the cutting edges 3 meet first on the paper layers and therefore represent the cutting tips 7.

The cutting disc 2 is for example in one piece, that is made of a solid disc, as in FIG. 5 is shown. But it can also be made of two mirror-image disk parts, wherein the disk parts are arranged relative to each other, that the cutting blades of one disk part are aligned with the gaps between the cutting blades of the other disk part (see below Fig. 10 +11). Two such part discs can be distanced from each other to produce wider joints by corresponding washers in a predetermined amount. Out FIG. 5 is also clearly visible how the cutting edges 3 and 3 'of the cutting blades 4 and 4' are arranged alternately in the plane of one and the other end face of the cutting disc 2. The cutting edges of the cutting blade can be easily reground, but the cutting blades can also be designed self-sharpening

FIGS. 6 to 8 show in the same representations as the FIGS. 1 . 4 and 5 a second, exemplary embodiment of method and apparatus according to the invention. Like elements are designated by like reference numerals. The main difference of this second embodiment from the first embodiment described in connection with the preceding figures is that the cutting tips 7, although in turn are the radially outer ends of the cutting edges 3, but precede the cutting edges. That is, the cutting tips 7 strike the paper layers in the end portion of the section of the preceding cutting step, and the cutting point K moves counter to the conveying direction F (cutting direction opposite to the conveying direction). The cutting angle alpha is smaller during the cutting step, but also moves here advantageously in a range below 60 ° and remains greater than 15 °.

FIG. 9 shows very schematically a cutting step of a third, exemplary embodiment of the inventive method. According to this embodiment, the radially inner end (cutting tip 7) of the cutting edge 3 of the cutting blade 4 first strikes the paper layers 1 and is arranged in advance of the cutting edge 3. It results in a same cutting process as in FIG. 6 illustrated, ie with a cutting direction which is opposite to the conveying direction and with a decreasing during the cutting step cutting angle. From a comparison of Figures 9 and 6 shows that it is also possible to arrange the two ends of the cut edges 3 at the same radial distance from the blade axis, such that the cut edges 3 are perpendicular to a central radius.

• Die Gegenmesser sind nicht stationär sondern bewegen sich in Förderrichtung mit derselben Geschwindigkeit wie die Papierlagen.
• Anstelle einer Kombination einer Trennscheibe mit stationärer Achse mit einer im wesentlichen kontinuierlichen Förderung der Papierlagen sind die Papierlagen stationär und die Achse der Trennscheibe wird parallel zu den Papierlagen bewegt, wie dies in den Figuren 1 und 6 dargestellt ist. In diesem Falle sind auch die Pressmittel mindestens während der Zertrennung stationär.
• Anstatt dass die Achse der Trennscheibe über den zu zertrennenden Papierlagen und die Schneidkanten der Gegenmesser darunter angeordnet sind, sind die Achse der Trennscheibe unter den Papierlagen und die Schneidkanten der Gegenmesser darüber angeordnet.
• Die Förderrichtung ist nicht horizontal.

Examples of further embodiments of the method and apparatus according to the invention have the following features:

• The counter-blades are not stationary but move in the conveying direction at the same speed as the paper layers.
• Instead of a combination of a stationary axis cutting wheel with a substantially continuous conveyance of the paper layers, the paper layers are stationary and the axis of the cutting wheel is moved parallel to the paper layers, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 1 and 6 is shown. In this case, the pressing means are stationary at least during the separation.
• Instead of the axis of the cutting disc are arranged over the paper layers to be separated and the cutting edges of the counter knife underneath, are the axis of the cutting disc under the paper layers and the cutting edges of the counter knife arranged above it.
• The conveying direction is not horizontal.

Of course, the method according to the invention can be used not only for separating paper layers but also for trimming such paper layers. Since, as mentioned above for such a trimming only on one side of the dividing line, a high edge quality is desired, a cutting disc can be used, at which the cutting edges of all cutting blades in the plane of the same disc face are (see below Fig. 13 ).

Of course, there will be other materials than paper layers, which can be cut with the method and apparatus according to the invention in a good quality.

Fig. 10-12 show two examples of a cutting disc 2, which is made of two mirror-image disc parts 12, 12 ', which with an angular offset ( Fig. 10 +11) or congruent ( Fig. 12 ) are mounted on each other.

Like the sectional view in Fig. 11 shows, the axially outwardly facing surfaces of the disc parts 12, 12 'substantially flat. The respective inwardly facing surfaces are structured to form the cutting blades 4, 4 '. Between the knives 4, 4 'are notches 13, 13', which are due to manufacturing technology, so that at the cutting edges 3, 3 'of the blades 4, 4' sharp cutting tips 7, 7 'can be formed. The angular offset is in the case of Fig. 10 such that in each case a notch 13, 13 'strikes a cutting blade 4, 4' of the counter-pane. Compared to the case of a one-piece cutting disc 2 are in the two-part variant advantages in the production, since only one of the two main surfaces of a disc-shaped blank must be processed to make the blades 4, 4 ', and since the width of the waste strip by different width Spacer between the two disc parts 12, 12 'is adaptable (not shown). As indicated here, the outwardly facing end face can in regions have a small bevel of a few degrees.

In both arrangements according to Fig. 10-12 a strip of material is cut out of the paper layer by the spaced-apart cut edges 3, 3 '. In case of Fig. 10 +11, the partial cuts are performed alternately, in the case of Fig. 12 synchronous.

Fig. 13 shows an example for producing a side section of the paper layers 1 with only one disc part 12, the according to 10 or 12 is trained. The paper layers are pressed when cutting from above and below.

Claims (12)

Device for severing paper layers (1) conveyed substantially continuously in a conveying direction (F) in a severing direction aligned substantially parallel to the conveying direction (F), having a first and second pair of substantially linear cutting edges (each co-operating in a shearing section) (US Pat. 3, 5, 3 ', 5'), each containing a cutting edge (3, 3 ') of a cutting blade (4, 4') and a cutting edge (5, 5 ') of a counter knife (6, 6') for creating a waste strip by means of two parallel cuts between the first and second pairs of cutting edges (3, 5, 3 ', 5'), further comprising means by means of which the paper layers (1) at the cutting edges (5, 5 ') of the counterknives (6 , 6 ') can be conveyed adjacent, and a rotatable cutting disc (2),
characterized in that
a plurality of cutting blades (4, 4 ') having cutting edges (3, 3') for the first and second pairs of cutting edges are arranged around the circumference of the cutting disk (2), and for the first pair of cutting edges (3, 5 ) the cutting edges (3) of the cutting blades (4) in the plane of a first end face of the cutting disc (2) and the cutting edge (5) of the counter knife (6) on the first end side of the cutting disc (2) is aligned and for the second pair of cutting edges (3 ', 5') the cutting edges (3 ') of the cutting blades (4') in the plane of a second end face of the cutting disc (2) are arranged and the cutting edge (5 ') of the counter knife (6') on the second End of the cutting disc (2) is aligned, and the cutting disc (2) consists of two coupled, substantially mirror-symmetrical disc parts, wherein the disc parts can be arranged either with an angular offset relative to each other, that the cutting blade of a Sch yew part aligned to gaps between the cutting blades of the other disc part and so part-sections are alternately carried out successively without intermediate steps, or the disc parts congruent to one another and so part-sections are synchronously feasible. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the device comprises means (10/11, 10 '/ 11') for compressing the paper layers (2) and for fully applying the paper layers (1) to the counter blades (6, 6 '), which are preferably designed as active funding or Hilfsfordermittel. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cutting edges (3, 3 ') of the cutting blades (4, 4') and the cutting edges (5, 5 ') of the counter-blades (6, 6') are arranged such that Cutting tips (7, 7 ') equipped ends of the cutting edges (3, 3') of the cutting blade (4, 4 ') before the cutting edges (3, 3') on the paper layers (1) meet and that these cutting tips (7, 7 ' ) advance or run after the cutting edges (3, 3 '). Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cutting disc (2) each having a plurality of cutting blades (4, 4 ') with cutting edges (3, 3') for the first and the second pair of cutting edges along the circumference of the cutting disc (2) arranged in pairs next to each other and in the circumferential direction by notches (13, 13 ') are separated from each other. Cutting disc for a device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that around the circumference of the cutting disc (2) each have a plurality of cutting blades (4, 4 ') with substantially rectilinear cutting edges (3, 3') are arranged first cutting edges (3) of the cutting blades (4) lie in the plane of a first end side of the cutting disc (2) and second cutting edges (3 ') of the cutting blades (4') in the plane of a second end face of the cutting disc (2) are arranged, and the cutting disc (2) is composed of two substantially mirror-symmetrical disc parts coupled to each other, wherein the disc parts can be arranged with an angular offset relative to each other so that the cutting blade of a disc part on gaps between the cutting blades of the aligned other disc part and so part-sections are alternately consecutive feasible without intermediate steps, or the disc parts congruent mounted on each other and so part-sections are synchronously feasible. Cutting disc according to Claim 5, characterized in that each of the cutting edges (3, 3 ') has an end formed as a cutting tip (7, 7'), which preferably lies radially outward or radially inward. Method for severing paper layers (1) conveyed substantially continuously in a conveying direction in a direction of separation aligned parallel to the conveying direction (F) using a device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein two parallel cuts between each cutting edge (3, 5 ) of a cutting blade arranged on the rotating cutting disk and a cutting edge of a stationary counter knife during the separation, a parting line and a waste strip are produced,
characterized in that
the two parallel cuts depending on whether the two disc parts are mounted with an angular offset or congruent to each other, either in alternating, without intermediate steps consecutive or created in synchronous cutting steps, wherein in the alternating or synchronous cutting steps depending on a first and a second pair of substantially linear cutting edges (3, 5 and 3 ', 5') of cutting blades (4, 4 ') and counter-blades (6, 6') cooperate alternately or synchronously in a shearing cut, while the paper layers (1) abut the cutting edges (5, 5 ') of the counter-blades (6, 6'), A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the paper layers (1) are pressed against each other during the separation of both sides of the resulting parting line, so that they, where the cutting edges act, fit snugly against the counter knives (6,6 '). Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the alignment of the cutting edges (3, 3 ') of the cutting blades (4, 4') and the cutting edges (5, 5 ') of the counter blades (6, 6') are coordinated with one another in that an end of the cutting edges (3, 3 ') of the cutting blades (4, 4') equipped as a cutting tip (7, 7 ') first strikes the paper layers (1). A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the cutting tip (7, 7 ') of the cutting edge (3, 3') precedes and that the paper layers (1) are cut in each cutting step in a conveying direction (F) counter-rotating cutting direction. A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the cutting tip (7, 7 ') of the cutting edge (3, 3') trailing and that the paper layers (1) are cut in each cutting step in a direction of conveyance (F) rectified cutting direction. Method according to one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that a cutting angle (alpha) between the cutting edge (3, 3 ') of the cutting blade (4, 4') and the cutting edge (5, 5 ') of the counter knife (6, 6 '), as long as the two cutting edges are crossed, greater than 15 ° and less than 60 °.

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