EP2257712B1 - Cylinder - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2257712B1
EP2257712B1 EP09722753A EP09722753A EP2257712B1 EP 2257712 B1 EP2257712 B1 EP 2257712B1 EP 09722753 A EP09722753 A EP 09722753A EP 09722753 A EP09722753 A EP 09722753A EP 2257712 B1 EP2257712 B1 EP 2257712B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder
adapter
cylinder rod
sensor magnet
rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09722753A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2257712A1 (en
Inventor
Jens-Thorsten Gronau
Mike Heurich
Christian SEESTÄDT
Tino Wiggers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF CV Systems Hannover GmbH
Original Assignee
Wabco GmbH
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Publication of EP2257712A1 publication Critical patent/EP2257712A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
    • F15B15/2815—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1447—Pistons; Piston to piston rod assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/28—Means for indicating the position, e.g. end of stroke
    • F15B15/2815—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT
    • F15B15/2861—Position sensing, i.e. means for continuous measurement of position, e.g. LVDT using magnetic means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder with a running in a cylinder housing piston which is fixed to a cylinder rod and rotatable about a cylinder axis, and a position sensor which comprises a sensor magnet and a sensor element which cooperates with the sensor magnet, wherein the sensor magnet is formed to Detecting a cylinder rod position relative to the cylinder housing.
  • a position sensor which comprises a sensor magnet and a sensor element which cooperates with the sensor magnet, wherein the sensor magnet is formed to Detecting a cylinder rod position relative to the cylinder housing.
  • adjacently arranged sensors can be disturbed by the partial magnets.
  • Such a piston is for example from the DE 20 2005 005 508 U1 known.
  • complementary magnet parts are arranged on the piston to a magnetic ring whose magnetic field is detected by a magnetic field sensor.
  • a disadvantage of the piston is its high production costs.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an easy-to-manufacture cylinder, which is also easy to maintain and surrounding sensors less influenced.
  • the invention solves the problem by the features of claim 1.
  • Another advantage is that a very small magnet can be used, which lowers the manufacturing costs. At the same time, stray fields are significantly reduced, which means that surrounding sensors are less affected.
  • a cylinder rod is understood to mean in particular each component, which is fixedly coupled to the piston with respect to the actuating direction of the piston.
  • the cylinder rod may comprise a plurality of partial cylinder rods which are shear stable or secured by joints together.
  • a free rotation for example by several turns is not possible.
  • pivoting about a small angular range for example less than 20 °, may be possible.
  • the sensor magnet extends only over a fraction of a cylinder rod circumferential angle of the cylinder rod. Since the sensor magnet is rotatably guided with respect to the cylinder housing, it is only necessary that the sensor magnet is always facing the sensor element. On a side facing away from the sensor element of the cylinder rod no magnetic element is necessary and possibly even harmful, since surrounding sensors can be influenced.
  • the advantage of this is that the magnetic element is small and therefore inexpensive to produce.
  • Another advantage is that the magnetic field surrounding the sensor magnet is present only in the immediate vicinity of the sensor element. This avoids magnetic interference that can otherwise interfere with other nearby sensors. It is also advantageous that a small sensor magnet is less affected by external magnetic fields, which in turn increases the measurement accuracy.
  • the sensor magnet extends over less than a third, in particular less than one fifth, of the cylinder rod circumferential angle of the cylinder rod. It is even possible for the sensor magnet to extend over less than 70 ° or even less than 45 ° above the cylinder rod circumferential angle.
  • a particularly easy to manufacture sensor magnet is obtained if this is a circle segment. It is particularly advantageous because such a sensor magnet builds radially particularly small for a given magnetic field strength.
  • a structurally particularly simple piston is obtained when the sensor magnet is fastened to an adapter, wherein the adapter is free of magnetized material on a side remote from the sensor element and fixed with respect to the cylinder rod longitudinal direction in at least one direction immovably on the cylinder rod.
  • the adapter is free of magnetized material on a side facing the sensor element, spatially extended magnetic fields are avoided, which can disturb magnetically positioned magnetic field sensors.
  • the cylinder can also be manufactured particularly easily at low cost.
  • the adapter is mounted displaceably on the cylinder rod in at least one direction with respect to the cylinder rod longitudinal direction, it is to be understood in particular that a movement of the piston in at least one direction always leads to a movement of the adapter in the same direction. In other words, the adapter is carried along in at least one direction by the cylinder rod.
  • the adapter is guided around the cylinder rod longitudinal direction in a rotationally secure manner in a guide sleeve.
  • the guide sleeve rests relative to the cylinder housing, so that the adapter can perform relative to the cylinder housing no rotational movement.
  • a pivoting movement by a few degrees may be possible.
  • the cylinder housing and the guide sleeve are directly connected.
  • the cylinder housing and the guide sleeve are fastened together on a third object.
  • the adapter has a guide groove, in which a guide projection of the guide sleeve engages.
  • the adapter has a guide projection which engages in a recess in the guide sleeve.
  • the cylinder rod has a stop for the adapter, wherein the piston comprises a relative to the cylinder housing against rotation secured spring, in particular a coil spring, which biases the adapter to the stop.
  • the adapter is secured against rotation on the spring, so that the adapter is rotatable relative to the cylinder housing.
  • the coil spring surrounds the cylinder rod and attached to the adapter, for example clipped.
  • the coil spring is then rotatably mounted relative to the cylinder housing.
  • the adapter can perform so small pivoting movements about the cylinder rod longitudinal axis, but is always pushed back by the spring in a rest position. This design has the advantage of being particularly easy to manufacture and maintain.
  • the cylinder may preferably be designed for switching an alley of the transmission.
  • a transmission actuator neither a lane rod, which is used to switch the alley, nor the cylinder to be actuated to be rotatably formed.
  • ring magnets are provided which cooperate with the sensor element.
  • these ring magnets can influence surrounding sensors, for example a gear sensor for determining a gear position of the transmission or a split sensor for determining a switching position of a split stage of the gearbox.
  • the position sensor is designed as a gas sensor, which detects a position of a throttle bar of the transmission.
  • the sensor magnet is a gas sensor magnet and the sensor element is a gas sensor element.
  • the sensor elements are preferably magnetic-inductive sensor elements, in particular PLCD sensor elements (PLCD, permanent magnetic linear contact-less displacement, linear, contactless displacement sensors with permanent magnets).
  • FIG. 1 shows a cylinder 10 with a running in a cylinder housing 12 piston 14 which is fixed to a cylinder rod 16 and rotatably mounted about a cylinder rod longitudinal axis L.
  • the cylinder 10 also includes a position sensor 18 that includes a sensor magnet 20 and a sensor element 22 that cooperates with the sensor magnet 20.
  • the position sensor 18 is configured to measure the position of the piston 14 at a height to the cylinder rod longitudinal axis L.
  • the piston 14 is rotatable relative to the cylinder housing 12 about the longitudinal axis L by a rotational angle ⁇ .
  • the sensor magnet 20 is always arranged relative to the cylinder housing 12 with respect to the sensor element 22 by being arranged rotationally fixed with respect to the cylinder housing 12.
  • the sensor magnet 20 is attached to an adapter 24.
  • the sensor magnet 20 is injected in the adapter 24, glued or clipped.
  • the piston 14 and the cylinder rod 16 are rotatable relative to the adapter 24.
  • the adapter 24 is displaceably mounted on the cylinder rod 16 in the first direction R 1 along the longitudinal axis of the cylinder rod L.
  • the adapter 24 surrounds the cylinder rod 16 annularly and forms a clearance 26 with the cylinder rod 16.
  • the adapter 24 is not movable relative to the piston 14 because it abuts against a stop 28 formed by a surface of the piston 14.
  • the adapter 24 is a plastic injection-molded part which is non-magnetic and unmagnetizable, so that only in an environment of the sensor magnet 20, a permanent magnetic field exists.
  • the sensor element 22 is designed to measure this magnetic field in a spatially resolved manner along the cylinder longitudinal axis L and to determine therefrom the position of the piston 14.
  • a coil spring 30 is mounted, for example, clipped.
  • the coil spring is non-rotatably attached to the adapter 24.
  • the coil spring 30 With its end facing away from the adapter 24, the coil spring 30 is rotatably mounted in a receiving groove 32 on the cylinder housing 14.
  • the sensor magnet 20 can thereby pivot about the cylinder longitudinal axis L, but is always returned to a predetermined rotational angle position by the helical spring 30.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the arranged in the cylinder housing 12 components, wherein a sealing rubber 34 of the piston 14 can be seen. It can be seen that the sensor magnet 20 extends only a fraction of a cylinder rod circumferential angle of the cylinder rod 16. In other words, a plurality of sensor magnets 20 could be arranged in the circumferential direction one behind the other until the cylinder rod 16 would be completely surrounded radially by sensor magnets 20. The determination of the cylinder rod circumferential angle will be discussed below FIG. 4 explained in more detail.
  • FIG. 3 shows the components of a second embodiment of a cylinder according to the invention.
  • the cylinder rod 16 engages differently than in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 neither the adapter 24 nor the coil spring 30.
  • the adapter 24 with the sensor magnet 20 and the coil spring 30 in the cylinder housing 12 are arranged.
  • adapter 24 and coil spring 30 are arranged outside of the cylinder housing 12.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a cylinder according to the invention, wherein the cylinder housing 12 has been omitted for clarity.
  • the cylinder rod 16 passes through the adapter 24, which holds the circular segment-shaped sensor magnet 20.
  • the adapter 24 has a sensor magnet holder 36 and a clamping projection 38.
  • the sensor magnet 20 is received in the sensor magnet holder 36 and is held by the clamping projection 38.
  • the adapter 24 is in turn pivotable about the rotational angle ⁇ freely about the cylinder rod longitudinal axis L of the cylinder rod 16.
  • the sensor magnet 20 also extends over a cylinder rod circumferential angle ⁇ , which is determined as outlined.
  • a measuring plane E is spanned, through which the cylinder rod longitudinal axis L extends.
  • the cylinder rod circumferential angle ⁇ is the angle existing between two planes E that just touch the outer sides of the sensor magnet 20. The smaller the cylinder rod circumferential angle ⁇ , the less any surrounding sensors are adversely affected by stray fields. In FIG. 4 ⁇ is about 90 °.
  • the adapter 24 has in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 a guide groove 40 into which a guide nose 42 (see FIG. FIG. 5 ) engages a guide sleeve 44.
  • the adapter 24 is fixedly connected to the piston 14 via a screw 46 and thus immovable relative to the piston 14.
  • the piston 14 is rotatable relative to the piston rod 16, so that the adapter z24 is also rotatable with respect to the cylinder axis.
  • the cylinder rod 16 is rotatable with respect to the adapter 24 and thus with respect to the sensor magnet 20th
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the cylinder 10, the inner components in FIG. 4 are shown. It can be seen that the guide sleeve 44 is attached to one end of the cylinder housing 14 and is sealed with respect to this with an O-ring 48. In FIG. 5 the sealing rubber 34 is attached directly to the piston 14. However, it is also conceivable that the sealing rubber 34 is attached to the adapter 24. It is also possible that, as in the first described embodiment, the adapter 24 is rotatable relative to the piston 14, so that the piston can rotate in the cylinder housing 12, without the sensor magnet 20 moves away from its position relative to the sensor element 22 , It is also possible that the adapter 24 is an integral part of the piston 14.
  • the cylinder rod 16 By engaging the guide lug 42 in the guide groove 40 of the adapter 24, the cylinder rod 16 can rotate freely with respect to the cylinder housing and yet the sensor magnet is rotationally fixed relative to the cylinder housing 12 out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinder mit einem in einem Zylindergehäuse laufenden Kolben, der an einer Zylinderstange befestigt und um eine Zylinderachse drehbar ist, und einem Positionssensor, der einen Sensormagneten und ein Sensorelement, das mit dem Sensormagneten zusammenwirkt, umfasst, wobei der Sensormagnet ausgebildet ist zum Erfassen einer Zylinderstangenposition relativ zu dem Zylindergehäuse. Zudem können benachbart angeordnete Sensoren durch die Teilmagneten gestört werden.The invention relates to a cylinder with a running in a cylinder housing piston which is fixed to a cylinder rod and rotatable about a cylinder axis, and a position sensor which comprises a sensor magnet and a sensor element which cooperates with the sensor magnet, wherein the sensor magnet is formed to Detecting a cylinder rod position relative to the cylinder housing. In addition, adjacently arranged sensors can be disturbed by the partial magnets.

Ein derartiger Kolben ist beispielsweise aus der DE 20 2005 005 508 U1 bekannt. Dabei sind an dem Kolben sich zu einem magnetischen Ring ergänzende Teilmagneten angeordnet, deren Magnetfeld von einem Magnetfeldsensor erfasst wird. Nachteilig an dem Kolben ist sein hoher Fertigungsaufwand.Such a piston is for example from the DE 20 2005 005 508 U1 known. In this case, complementary magnet parts are arranged on the piston to a magnetic ring whose magnetic field is detected by a magnetic field sensor. A disadvantage of the piston is its high production costs.

Aus der DE 20 2007 001 020 U1 ist ein fluidischer Zylinder mit einer Positionserfassungseinrichtung für die Kolbenposition bekannt. Auch hieran ist nachteilig, dass der Zylinder aufwändig zu fertigen und schlecht zu warten ist.From the DE 20 2007 001 020 U1 is a fluidic cylinder with a position detecting device for the piston position known. This is also disadvantageous in that the cylinder is expensive to manufacture and difficult to maintain.

Ein weiteres Beispiel ist in Dokument EP0829407 zu finden.Another example is in document EP0829407 to find.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen leicht zu fertigenden Zylinder anzugeben, der zudem einfach zu warten ist und umliegende Sensoren weniger stark beeinflusst.The invention has for its object to provide an easy-to-manufacture cylinder, which is also easy to maintain and surrounding sensors less influenced.

Die Erfindung löst das Problem durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruch 1.The invention solves the problem by the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhaft hieran ist, dass ein derartiger Zylinder einfach zu fertigen ist. So kann ein Standardzylinder verwendet werden, an dem lediglich der spezielle Positionssensor befestigt werden muss. Es ist ein weiterer Vorteil, dass der Positionssensor in Umfangsrichtung keinerlei zusätzlichen Bauraum beansprucht, so dass der Zylinder in Umfangsrichtung schmal baut.The advantage of this is that such a cylinder is easy to manufacture. Thus, a standard cylinder can be used, to which only the special position sensor must be attached. It is a further advantage that the position sensor does not take up any additional space in the circumferential direction, so that the cylinder builds narrow in the circumferential direction.

Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass ein sehr kleiner Magnet verwendet werden kann, was die Herstellkosten senkt. Gleichzeitig sind Streufelder deutlich reduziert, wodurch umliegende Sensoren weniger beeinflusst werden.Another advantage is that a very small magnet can be used, which lowers the manufacturing costs. At the same time, stray fields are significantly reduced, which means that surrounding sensors are less affected.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung wird unter einer Zylinderstange insbesondere jedes Bauteil verstanden, was bezüglich der Betätigungsrichtung des Kolbens fest mit dem Kolben gekoppelt ist. So kann die Zylinderstange mehrere Teilzylinderstangen umfassen, die schubstabil oder durch Gelenke aneinander befestigt sind. Unter dem Merkmal, dass ein Objekt drehfest bezüglich eines anderen Objektes angeordnet ist, ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass ein freies Drehen, beispielsweise um mehrere Umdrehungen nicht möglich ist. Das schließt aber nicht aus, dass ein Verschwenken um einen kleinen Winkelbereich, beispielsweise weniger als 20°, möglich sein kann.In the context of the present description, a cylinder rod is understood to mean in particular each component, which is fixedly coupled to the piston with respect to the actuating direction of the piston. Thus, the cylinder rod may comprise a plurality of partial cylinder rods which are shear stable or secured by joints together. Under the feature that an object is arranged rotationally fixed with respect to another object, is to be understood in particular that a free rotation, for example by several turns is not possible. However, this does not exclude that pivoting about a small angular range, for example less than 20 °, may be possible.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform erstreckt sich der Sensormagnet ausschließlich über einen Bruchteil eines Zylinderstangen-Umfangswinkels der Zylinderstange. Da der Sensormagnet drehfest bezüglich des Zylindergehäuses geführt ist, ist es lediglich notwendig, dass der Sensormagnet stets dem Sensorelement zugewandt ist. Auf einer dem Sensorelement abgewandten Seite der Zylinderstange ist kein magnetisches Element notwendig und möglicherweise sogar schädlich, da umliegende Sensoren beeinflusst werden können. Vorteilhaft hieran ist, dass das magnetische Element klein und damit kostengünstig herstellbar ist. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass das magnetische Feld, das den Sensormagnet umgibt, nur in unmittelbarer Nähe des Sensorelements vorliegt. Dadurch werden magnetische Störfelder vermieden, die ansonsten andere in der Nähe angeordnete Sensoren stören können. Vorteilhaft ist zudem, dass ein kleiner Sensormagnet auf weniger durch externe Magnetfelder beeinflusst wird, was seinerseits die Messgenauigkeit erhöht.According to a preferred embodiment, the sensor magnet extends only over a fraction of a cylinder rod circumferential angle of the cylinder rod. Since the sensor magnet is rotatably guided with respect to the cylinder housing, it is only necessary that the sensor magnet is always facing the sensor element. On a side facing away from the sensor element of the cylinder rod no magnetic element is necessary and possibly even harmful, since surrounding sensors can be influenced. The advantage of this is that the magnetic element is small and therefore inexpensive to produce. Another advantage is that the magnetic field surrounding the sensor magnet is present only in the immediate vicinity of the sensor element. This avoids magnetic interference that can otherwise interfere with other nearby sensors. It is also advantageous that a small sensor magnet is less affected by external magnetic fields, which in turn increases the measurement accuracy.

Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass es ausreichend und vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Sensormagnet sich über weniger als ein Drittel, insbesondere weniger als ein Fünftel, des Zylinderstangen-Umfangswinkels der Zylinderstange erstreckt. Es ist sogar möglich, dass sich der Sensormagnet über weniger als 70° oder sogar weniger als 45° über den Zylinderstangen-Umfangswinkel erstreckt.It has been found that it is sufficient and advantageous if the sensor magnet extends over less than a third, in particular less than one fifth, of the cylinder rod circumferential angle of the cylinder rod. It is even possible for the sensor magnet to extend over less than 70 ° or even less than 45 ° above the cylinder rod circumferential angle.

Ein besonders einfach zu fertigender Sensormagnet wird erhalten, wenn dieser kreissegmentförmig ist. Besonders vorteilhaft daran ist, dass ein derartiger Sensormagnet bei gegebener Magnetfeldstärke radial besonders klein baut.A particularly easy to manufacture sensor magnet is obtained if this is a circle segment. It is particularly advantageous because such a sensor magnet builds radially particularly small for a given magnetic field strength.

Ein konstruktiv besonders einfacher Kolben wird erhalten, wenn der Sensormagnet an einem Adapter befestigt ist, wobei der Adapter an einer dem Sensorelement abgewandten Seite frei von magnetisiertem Material ist und bezüglich der Zylinderstangen-Längsrichtung in zumindest eine Richtung unverschieblich an der Zylinderstange befestigt ist. Dadurch, dass der Adapter an einer dem Sensorelement zugewandten Seite frei von magnetisiertem Material ist, werden räumlich ausgedehnte Magnetfelder vermieden, die umliegend positionierte Magnetfeldsensoren stören können. Durch den Verzicht auf magnetisiertes Material kann der Zylinder zudem besonders einfach kostengünstig gefertigt werden. Unter dem Merkmal, dass der Adapter bezüglich der Zylinderstangen-Längsrichtung in zumindest eine Richtung verschieblich an der Zylinderstange befestigt ist, ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass eine Bewegung des Kolbens in zumindest eine Richtung stets zu einer Bewegung des Adapters in die gleiche Richtung führt. Der Adapter wird in anderen Worten in zumindest eine Richtung von der Zylinderstange mitgenommen.A structurally particularly simple piston is obtained when the sensor magnet is fastened to an adapter, wherein the adapter is free of magnetized material on a side remote from the sensor element and fixed with respect to the cylinder rod longitudinal direction in at least one direction immovably on the cylinder rod. As a result of the fact that the adapter is free of magnetized material on a side facing the sensor element, spatially extended magnetic fields are avoided, which can disturb magnetically positioned magnetic field sensors. By dispensing with magnetized material, the cylinder can also be manufactured particularly easily at low cost. Under the feature that the adapter is mounted displaceably on the cylinder rod in at least one direction with respect to the cylinder rod longitudinal direction, it is to be understood in particular that a movement of the piston in at least one direction always leads to a movement of the adapter in the same direction. In other words, the adapter is carried along in at least one direction by the cylinder rod.

Bevorzugt ist der Adapter um die Zylinderstangen-Längsrichtung drehsicher in einer Führungshülse geführt. Hierunter ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass die Führungshülse relativ zum Zylindergehäuse ruht, so dass der Adapter relativ zum Zylindergehäuse keine Drehbewegung ausführen kann. Eine Schwenkbewegung um wenige Grad kann aber möglich sein. Dazu ist nicht notwendig, dass das Zylindergehäuse und die Führungshülse direkt miteinander verbunden sind. So ist es möglich, dass beispielsweise das Zylindergehäuse und die Führungshülse gemeinsam an einem dritten Objekt befestigt sind.Preferably, the adapter is guided around the cylinder rod longitudinal direction in a rotationally secure manner in a guide sleeve. This is to be understood in particular that the guide sleeve rests relative to the cylinder housing, so that the adapter can perform relative to the cylinder housing no rotational movement. A pivoting movement by a few degrees may be possible. For this it is not necessary that the cylinder housing and the guide sleeve are directly connected. Thus, it is possible that, for example, the cylinder housing and the guide sleeve are fastened together on a third object.

Eine besonders einfach und wenig störungsanfällige Konstruktion wird erhalten, wenn der Adapter eine Führungsnut aufweist, in die ein Führungsvorsprung der Führungshülse eingreift. Selbstverständlich ist es alternativ oder additiv auch möglich, dass der Adapter einen Führungsvorsprung aufweist, der in eine Ausnehmung in der Führungshülse eingreift.A particularly simple and less prone to failure construction is obtained when the adapter has a guide groove, in which a guide projection of the guide sleeve engages. Of course, it is alternatively or additionally also possible that the adapter has a guide projection which engages in a recess in the guide sleeve.

Bevorzugt weist die Zylinderstange einen Anschlag für den Adapter auf, wobei der Kolben eine relativ zum Zylindergehäuse drehsicher befestigte Feder, insbesondere eine Spiralfeder, umfasst, die den Adapter auf den Anschlag vorspannt. Der Adapter ist dabei drehsicher an der Feder befestigt, so dass der Adapter drehsicher relativ zum Zylindergehäuse ist. Beispielsweise ist vorgesehen, dass die Spiralfeder die Zylinderstange umgibt und an dem Adapter befestigt, beispielsweise eingeklippst ist. Auf der dem Adapter gegenüberliegenden Seite ist die Spiralfeder dann drehfest relativ zum Zylindergehäuse gelagert. Der Adapter kann so kleine Schwenkbewegungen um die Zylinderstangen-Längsachse ausführen, wird durch die Feder jedoch stets in eine Ruhelage zurückgedrückt. Diese Konstruktion hat den Vorteil, besonders einfach zu fertigen und zu warten zu sein.Preferably, the cylinder rod has a stop for the adapter, wherein the piston comprises a relative to the cylinder housing against rotation secured spring, in particular a coil spring, which biases the adapter to the stop. The adapter is secured against rotation on the spring, so that the adapter is rotatable relative to the cylinder housing. For example, it is provided that the coil spring surrounds the cylinder rod and attached to the adapter, for example clipped. On the opposite side of the adapter, the coil spring is then rotatably mounted relative to the cylinder housing. The adapter can perform so small pivoting movements about the cylinder rod longitudinal axis, but is always pushed back by the spring in a rest position. This design has the advantage of being particularly easy to manufacture and maintain.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Verwendung eines oben beschriebenen Kolbens in einem Getriebesteller für ein automatisches oder halbautomatisches Getriebe. Dabei kann der Zylinder bevorzugt zum Schalten einer Gasse des Getriebes ausgebildet sein. Bei einem derartigen Getriebesteller dürfen weder eine Gassenstange, die zum Schalten der Gasse dient, noch der sie zu betätigende Zylinder drehfest ausgebildet sein. Bei bekannten Getriebestellern sind deshalb Ringmagneten vorgesehen, die mit dem Sensorelement zusammenwirken. Es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, dass diese Ringmagneten umliegende Sensoren beeinflussen können, beispielsweise einen Gangsensor zum Ermitteln einer Gangstellung des Getriebes oder einen Splitsensor zum Ermitteln einer Schaltstellung einer Splitstufe des Getriebes. Mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Zylinder, der ein Pneumatik-Zylinder oder ein Hydraulik-Zylinder sein kann, wird dieses Problem vermieden.Particularly advantageous is the use of a piston described above in a gearbox for an automatic or semi-automatic transmission. In this case, the cylinder may preferably be designed for switching an alley of the transmission. In such a transmission actuator neither a lane rod, which is used to switch the alley, nor the cylinder to be actuated to be rotatably formed. In known gearboxes therefore ring magnets are provided which cooperate with the sensor element. However, it has been found that these ring magnets can influence surrounding sensors, for example a gear sensor for determining a gear position of the transmission or a split sensor for determining a switching position of a split stage of the gearbox. With a cylinder according to the invention, which may be a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, this problem is avoided.

Bevorzugt ist der Positionssensor als Gassensensor ausgebildet, der eine Position einer Gassenstange des Getriebes erfasst. In diesem Fall ist der Sensormagnet ein Gassensensormagnet und das Sensorelement ein Gassensensorelement. Bei den Sensorelementen handelt es sich bevorzugt um magnetinduktive Sensorelemente, insbesondere um PLCD-Sensorelemente (PLCD, permanet magnet linear contact-less displacement, linear, kontaktlose Verschiebesensoren mit Permanentmagneten).Preferably, the position sensor is designed as a gas sensor, which detects a position of a throttle bar of the transmission. In this case, the sensor magnet is a gas sensor magnet and the sensor element is a gas sensor element. The sensor elements are preferably magnetic-inductive sensor elements, in particular PLCD sensor elements (PLCD, permanent magnetic linear contact-less displacement, linear, contactless displacement sensors with permanent magnets).

Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert.In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Dabei zeigt

Figur 1
einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Zylinder,
Figur 2eine
Explosionszeichnung des Zylinders gemäß Figur 1,
Figur 3
eine Seitenansicht eines Teils der Komponenten eines erfindungsgemäßen Zylinders gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
Figur 4
eine zweite Ausführungsform eines efindungsgemäßen Zylinders, der Teil eines erfindungsgemäßen Getriebestellers ist und
Figur 5
eine Detail-Querschnittsansicht des Zylinders gemäß Figur 4.
It shows
FIG. 1
a cross section through a cylinder according to the invention,
Figure 2a
Exploded view of the cylinder according to FIG. 1 .
FIG. 3
a side view of a portion of the components of a cylinder according to the invention according to a second embodiment,
FIG. 4
a second embodiment of a cylinder according to the invention, which is part of a transmission actuator according to the invention and
FIG. 5
a detail cross-sectional view of the cylinder according to FIG. 4 ,

Figur 1 zeigt einen Zylinder 10 mit einem in einem Zylindergehäuse 12 laufenden Kolben 14, der an einer Zylinderstange 16 befestigt und um eine Zylinderstangen-Längsachse L drehbar befestigt ist. FIG. 1 shows a cylinder 10 with a running in a cylinder housing 12 piston 14 which is fixed to a cylinder rod 16 and rotatably mounted about a cylinder rod longitudinal axis L.

Der Zylinder 10 umfasst zudem einen Positionssensor 18, der einen Sensormagneten 20 und ein Sensorelement 22 umfasst, das mit dem Sensormagneten 20 zusammenwirkt. Der Positionssensor 18 ist so ausgebildet, dass er die Position des Kolbens 14 auf einer Höhe zur Zylinderstangen-Längsachse L misst.The cylinder 10 also includes a position sensor 18 that includes a sensor magnet 20 and a sensor element 22 that cooperates with the sensor magnet 20. The position sensor 18 is configured to measure the position of the piston 14 at a height to the cylinder rod longitudinal axis L.

Der Kolben 14 ist bezüglich des Zylindergehäuses 12 um die Längsachse L um einen Drehwinkel ϕ drehbar. Der Sensormagnet 20 ist bezüglich des Zylindergehäuses 12 stets gegenüber dem Sensorelement 22 angeordnet, indem er drehfest bezüglich des Zylindergehäuses 12 angeordnet ist. Dazu ist der Sensormagnet 20 an einem Adapter 24 befestigt. Beispielsweise ist der Sensormagnet 20 in dem Adapter 24 eingespritzt, eingeklebt oder eingeklippst. Der Kolben 14 und die Zylinderstange 16 sind relativ zum Adapter 24 drehbar. Der Adapter 24 ist in erste Richtung R1 entlang der Zylinderstangen-Längsachse L verschieblich an der Zylinderstange 16 gelagert. Dazu umgibt der Adapter 24 die Zylinderstange 16 ringförmig und bildet mit der Zylinderstange 16 eine Spielpassung 26.The piston 14 is rotatable relative to the cylinder housing 12 about the longitudinal axis L by a rotational angle φ. The sensor magnet 20 is always arranged relative to the cylinder housing 12 with respect to the sensor element 22 by being arranged rotationally fixed with respect to the cylinder housing 12. For this purpose, the sensor magnet 20 is attached to an adapter 24. For example, the sensor magnet 20 is injected in the adapter 24, glued or clipped. The piston 14 and the cylinder rod 16 are rotatable relative to the adapter 24. The adapter 24 is displaceably mounted on the cylinder rod 16 in the first direction R 1 along the longitudinal axis of the cylinder rod L. For this purpose, the adapter 24 surrounds the cylinder rod 16 annularly and forms a clearance 26 with the cylinder rod 16.

Bezüglich einer der ersten Richtung R1 entgegengesetzten zweiten Richtung R2 ist der Adapter 24 nicht relativ zum Kolben 14 bewegbar, da er an einen Anschlag 28 anschlägt, der durch eine Fläche des Kolbens 14 gebildet ist.With respect to a second direction R 2 opposite the first direction R 1 , the adapter 24 is not movable relative to the piston 14 because it abuts against a stop 28 formed by a surface of the piston 14.

Der Adapter 24 ist ein Kunststoff-Spritzgussteil, das unmagnetisch und unmagnetisierbar ist, so dass lediglich in einer Umgebung des Sensormagneten 20 ein Permanentmagnetfeld existiert. Das Sensorelement 22 ist ausgebildet, um dieses Magnetfeld entlang der Zylinderlängsachse L ortsaufgelöst zu messen und daraus die Position des Kolbens 14 zu bestimmen. An den Adapter 24 ist eine Spiralfeder 30 angebracht, beispielsweise angeklippst. Dadurch ist die Spiralfeder drehfest an dem Adapter 24 befestigt. Mit ihrem dem Adapter 24 abgewandten Ende ist die Spiralfeder 30 in einer Aufnahmenut 32 an dem Zylindergehäuse 14 drehfest befestigt. Im Umfang von wenigen Grad kann dadurch der Sensormagnet 20 um die Zylinderlängsachse L verschwenken, wird jedoch durch die Spiralfeder 30 stets auf eine vorgegebene Drehwinkelposition zurückgeführt.The adapter 24 is a plastic injection-molded part which is non-magnetic and unmagnetizable, so that only in an environment of the sensor magnet 20, a permanent magnetic field exists. The sensor element 22 is designed to measure this magnetic field in a spatially resolved manner along the cylinder longitudinal axis L and to determine therefrom the position of the piston 14. To the adapter 24, a coil spring 30 is mounted, for example, clipped. As a result, the coil spring is non-rotatably attached to the adapter 24. With its end facing away from the adapter 24, the coil spring 30 is rotatably mounted in a receiving groove 32 on the cylinder housing 14. In the scope of a few degrees, the sensor magnet 20 can thereby pivot about the cylinder longitudinal axis L, but is always returned to a predetermined rotational angle position by the helical spring 30.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Explosionszeichnung der in dem Zylindergehäuse 12 angeordneten Komponenten, wobei auch ein Dichtgummi 34 des Kolbens 14 erkennbar ist. Es ist zu erkennen, dass der Sensormagnet 20 sich nur um einen Bruchteil eines Zylinderstangen-Umfangswinkels der Zylinderstange 16 erstreckt. In anderen Worten könnte eine Vielzahl von Sensormagneten 20 in Umfangsrichtung hintereinander angeordnet werden, bis die Zylinderstange 16 vollständig radial von Sensormagneten 20 umgeben wäre. Die Bestimmung des Zylinderstangen-Umfangswinkels wird weiter unten in Zusammenhang mit Figur 4 näher erläutert. FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of the arranged in the cylinder housing 12 components, wherein a sealing rubber 34 of the piston 14 can be seen. It can be seen that the sensor magnet 20 extends only a fraction of a cylinder rod circumferential angle of the cylinder rod 16. In other words, a plurality of sensor magnets 20 could be arranged in the circumferential direction one behind the other until the cylinder rod 16 would be completely surrounded radially by sensor magnets 20. The determination of the cylinder rod circumferential angle will be discussed below FIG. 4 explained in more detail.

Figur 3 zeigt die Komponenten einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zylinders. In dieser Ausführungsform durchgreift die Zylinderstange 16 anders als bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 2 weder den Adapter 24 noch die Spiralfeder 30. Bei beiden Ausführungsformen, sowohl nach Figur 2 als auch nach Figur 3, sind der Adapter 24 mit dem Sensormagneten 20 sowie die Spiralfeder 30 im Zylindergehäuse 12 angeordnet. Alternativ ist es jedoch auch möglich, dass Adapter 24 und Spiralfeder 30 außerhalb des Zylindergehäuses 12 angeordnet sind. FIG. 3 shows the components of a second embodiment of a cylinder according to the invention. In this embodiment, the cylinder rod 16 engages differently than in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 neither the adapter 24 nor the coil spring 30. In both embodiments, both after FIG. 2 as well as after FIG. 3 , the adapter 24 with the sensor magnet 20 and the coil spring 30 in the cylinder housing 12 are arranged. Alternatively, it is also possible that adapter 24 and coil spring 30 are arranged outside of the cylinder housing 12.

Figur 4 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Zylinders, wobei das Zylindergehäuse 12 der Übersichtlichkeit halber weggelassen worden ist. Die Zylinderstange 16 durchgreift den Adapter 24, der den kreissegmentförmigen Sensormagneten 20 haltert. Dazu besitzt der Adapter 24 eine Sensormagnetaufnahme 36 und einen Klemmvorsprung 38. Der Sensormagnet 20 ist in der Sensormagnetaufnahme 36 aufgenommen und wird vom Klemmvorsprung 38 festgehalten. FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a cylinder according to the invention, wherein the cylinder housing 12 has been omitted for clarity. The cylinder rod 16 passes through the adapter 24, which holds the circular segment-shaped sensor magnet 20. For this purpose, the adapter 24 has a sensor magnet holder 36 and a clamping projection 38. The sensor magnet 20 is received in the sensor magnet holder 36 and is held by the clamping projection 38.

Der Adapter 24 ist wiederum um den Drehwinkel ϕ frei um die Zylinderstangen-Längsachse L der Zylinderstange 16 schwenkbar. Der Sensormagnet 20 erstreckt sich zudem über einen Zylinderstangen-Umfangswinkel α, der wie skizziert bestimmt wird. Dazu wird eine Messebene E aufgespannt, durch die die Zylinderstangen-Längsachse L verläuft. Der Zylinderstangen-Umfangswinkel α ist der derjenige Winkel, der zwischen zwei Messebenen E existiert, die gerade die Außenseiten des Sensormagneten 20 berühren. Je kleiner der Zylinderstangen-Umfangswinkel α ist, desto weniger werden etwaige umliegende Sensoren durch Streufelder negativ beeinflusst. In Figur 4 beträgt α ungeführt 90°.The adapter 24 is in turn pivotable about the rotational angle φ freely about the cylinder rod longitudinal axis L of the cylinder rod 16. The sensor magnet 20 also extends over a cylinder rod circumferential angle α, which is determined as outlined. For this purpose, a measuring plane E is spanned, through which the cylinder rod longitudinal axis L extends. The cylinder rod circumferential angle α is the angle existing between two planes E that just touch the outer sides of the sensor magnet 20. The smaller the cylinder rod circumferential angle α, the less any surrounding sensors are adversely affected by stray fields. In FIG. 4 α is about 90 °.

Der Adapter 24 besitzt in der Ausführungsform gemäß Figur 4 eine Führungsnut 40, in die eine Führungsnase 42 (vgl. Figur 5) einer Führungshülse 44 eingreift.The adapter 24 has in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 a guide groove 40 into which a guide nose 42 (see FIG. FIG. 5 ) engages a guide sleeve 44.

Wie Figur 4 zeigt, ist der Adapter 24 fest mit dem Kolben 14 über eine Schraube 46 verbunden und damit relativ zum Kolben 14 unbeweglich. Der Kolben 14 ist zur Kolbenstange 16 drehbar, so dass der Adapter z24 auch drehbar bezüglich der Zylinderachse ist. In andren Worten ist die Zylinderstange 16 drehbar bezüglich des Adapters 24 und damit bezüglich des Sensormagneten 20.As FIG. 4 shows, the adapter 24 is fixedly connected to the piston 14 via a screw 46 and thus immovable relative to the piston 14. The piston 14 is rotatable relative to the piston rod 16, so that the adapter z24 is also rotatable with respect to the cylinder axis. In other words, the cylinder rod 16 is rotatable with respect to the adapter 24 and thus with respect to the sensor magnet 20th

Figur 5 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch den Zylinder 10, dessen inneren Komponenten in Figur 4 gezeigt sind. Es ist zu erkennen, dass die Führungshülse 44 an einem Ende des Zylindergehäuses 14 angebracht ist und gegenüber diesem mit einem O-Ring 48 abgedichtet ist. In Figur 5 ist das Dichtgummi 34 direkt am Kolben 14 angebracht. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass das Dichtgummi 34 am Adapter 24 angebracht ist. Es ist zudem möglich, dass, wie in der ersten beschriebenen Ausführungsform, der Adapter 24 relativ zum Kolben 14 verdrehbar ist, so dass der Kolben sich in dem Zylindergehäuse 12 drehen kann, ohne dass der Sensormagnet 20 sich von seiner Position gegenüber dem Sensorelement 22 entfernt. Es ist zudem möglich, dass der Adapter 24 einen integralen Bestandteil des Kolbens 14 darstellt. FIG. 5 shows a cross section through the cylinder 10, the inner components in FIG. 4 are shown. It can be seen that the guide sleeve 44 is attached to one end of the cylinder housing 14 and is sealed with respect to this with an O-ring 48. In FIG. 5 the sealing rubber 34 is attached directly to the piston 14. However, it is also conceivable that the sealing rubber 34 is attached to the adapter 24. It is also possible that, as in the first described embodiment, the adapter 24 is rotatable relative to the piston 14, so that the piston can rotate in the cylinder housing 12, without the sensor magnet 20 moves away from its position relative to the sensor element 22 , It is also possible that the adapter 24 is an integral part of the piston 14.

Durch das Eingreifen der Führungsnase 42 in die Führungsnut 40 des Adapters 24 kann die Zylinderstange 16 frei mit Bezug auf das Zylindergehäuse drehen und dennoch ist der Sensormagnet drehfest bezüglich des Zylindergehäuses 12 geführt.By engaging the guide lug 42 in the guide groove 40 of the adapter 24, the cylinder rod 16 can rotate freely with respect to the cylinder housing and yet the sensor magnet is rotationally fixed relative to the cylinder housing 12 out.

Claims (10)

  1. Cylinder with
    (a) a piston (14) running in a cylinder housing (12), and
    (b) a position sensor (18) which comprises
    (i) a sensor magnet (20) and
    (ii) a sensor element (22) which interacts with the sensor magnet (20), and
    (iii) is formed for detecting a cylinder rod position relative to the cylinder housing (12),
    (c) the sensor magnet (20)
    (i) is fastened on the cylinder rod rotatably in relation to the cylinder rod (16) and
    (ii) is guided in a rotationally fixed manner in relation to the cylinder housing (12), and
    (d) the sensor magnet (20) is fastened on an adapter (24), wherein the adapter (24) is fastened non-displaceably on the cylinder rod (16) in relation to a cylinder rod longitudinal direction (L) in at least one direction, characterized in that
    (e) the piston (14)
    (i) is fastened on the cylinder rod (16) and
    (ii) is rotatable about the cylinder longitudinal axis (L), and
    (f) the adapter (24) is arranged in the cylinder longitudinal axis direction (L) in relation to the piston (14).
  2. Cylinder according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sensor magnet (20) extends exclusively over a fraction of a cylinder rod circumferential angle (α) of the cylinder rod (16).
  3. Cylinder according to Claim 2, characterized in that the sensor magnet (20) extends over less than a third, in particular less than a fifth, of the cylinder rod circumferential angle (α) of the cylinder rod (16).
  4. Cylinder according to one of Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the sensor magnet (20) is in the form of a segment of a circle.
  5. Cylinder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter (24)
    (i) is free from magnetized material on a side which faces away from the sensor element (22).
  6. Cylinder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adapter (24) is guided in a guide sleeve (44) in a rotationally secured manner about the cylinder rod longitudinal axis (L).
  7. Cylinder according to Claim 6, characterized in that the adapter (24) has a guide groove (40) into which a guide nose (42) of the guide sleeve (44) engages.
  8. Cylinder according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that
    (i) the cylinder rod (16) has an end stop (28) for the adapter (24) and
    (ii) the piston (14) comprises a spring (30) which is fastened in a rotationally secured manner relative to the cylinder housing (12), in particular spiral spring, which pretensions the adapter (24) on the end stop (28),
    (iii) wherein the adapter (24) is fastened in a rotationally secured manner on the spring (30) so that the adapter (24) is rotationally secured relative to the cylinder housing (12).
  9. Transmission actuator for a transmission, characterized in that it comprises a cylinder (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cylinder (10) is formed for shifting of a shift gate and wherein the cylinder rod (16) is coupled to a shift gate rod of the transmission.
  10. Transmission with a transmission actuator according to Claim 9.
EP09722753A 2008-03-15 2009-02-04 Cylinder Active EP2257712B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008014506A DE102008014506A1 (en) 2008-03-15 2008-03-15 cylinder
PCT/EP2009/000731 WO2009115168A1 (en) 2008-03-15 2009-02-04 Cylinder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2257712A1 EP2257712A1 (en) 2010-12-08
EP2257712B1 true EP2257712B1 (en) 2012-10-31

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EP09722753A Active EP2257712B1 (en) 2008-03-15 2009-02-04 Cylinder

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US (1) US8833234B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2257712B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5605851B2 (en)
CN (1) CN101952606B (en)
DE (1) DE102008014506A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2397506T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2009115168A1 (en)

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CN106555699B (en) * 2015-09-30 2020-11-13 北京宝沃汽车有限公司 Piston device and system for testing deformation of engine cylinder hole
DE102015116654B4 (en) * 2015-10-01 2021-12-02 Hugo Benzing Gmbh & Co. Kg Parking lock unit
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JP6910978B2 (en) * 2018-03-09 2021-07-28 Ckd株式会社 Piston position detector
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JP5605851B2 (en) 2014-10-15
US20110048363A1 (en) 2011-03-03
DE102008014506A1 (en) 2009-09-17
WO2009115168A1 (en) 2009-09-24
CN101952606B (en) 2013-12-25
US8833234B2 (en) 2014-09-16
JP2011514498A (en) 2011-05-06
EP2257712A1 (en) 2010-12-08
CN101952606A (en) 2011-01-19
ES2397506T3 (en) 2013-03-07

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