Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G04—HOROLOGY
  • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
  • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
  • G04B31/004—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor characterised by the material used
  • G04B31/008—Jewel bearings
  • G04B31/0087—Jewel bearings with jewel hole only

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a pivoting member intended to allow the rotation of a piece of a clockwork movement about an axis of rotation AA, comprising two elements, namely a pivot and a bearing receiving said pivot. , one of the elements being integral with said piece and the other being secured to the frame of said movement.
• each piece used in watch movements comprises a shaft provided at both ends with pivots, each engaged in a bearing.
• the pivot members formed of a bearing and a pivot are traditionally used to ensure axial and radial positioning of the rotating parts present in the movements.
• the pivot is generally made of steel and the bearing is for example made of brass, bronze or ruby, the pairs of materials being chosen so that the friction torque between the bearing and the pivot is the weakest and the most constant possible.
• bearings made of precious stones such as diamond or sapphire.
• pivot members made from these pairs of materials do not always give complete satisfaction with regard to the value of the friction torque obtained. They require lubrication with oil that tends to deteriorate over time.
• patent FR 1 033 071 proposes to modify the shape given to pivots and stones by using a stone presenting a circular section hole and a steel pivot, presenting at its level. surface facing the stone, a section of polygonal shape, so as to reduce the contact surfaces between the pivot and the 50 stone.
• this solution is not satisfactory because it always requires lubrication, an oiler being provided at the stone.
• An object of the present invention is therefore to overcome this disadvantage, by providing a pivot member which allows to further reduce the friction torque between the bearing and the pivot so as not to require lubrication without affecting the wear.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a pivot member whose elements can be easily manufactured. Disclosure of the invention
• a pivot member for rotating a piece of a watch movement about an axis of rotation AA comprising two elements, namely a pivot and a bearing receiving said pivot, one of the elements being integral with said workpiece and the other being secured to the frame of said movement, said elements having, at their facing surfaces, shapes such that the section of the one of the elements, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation AA, is circular, the section of the other element according to said plane being non-circular, so as to reduce the contact surface between the pivot and the bearing, all guaranteeing axial and radial positioning of the rotating part.
• At least the contact surfaces of the two elements against each other are made of at least one material having intrinsically a low coefficient of friction and a low wear rate.
• the two elements are made of at least one material having intrinsically a low coefficient of friction and a low wear rate.
• the bearing may have, opposite the pivot, a circular section, the pivot having a polygonal section, whose edges have been rounded.
• the pivot may have a section of square shape, whose edges have been rounded.
• the pivot may have a circular section, the bearing consisting of at least three parallelepiped shaped bearing elements, held by a bearing support, the face of said bearing elements facing the pivot being tangent to said pivot.
• the pivot may have a circular section, the bearing consisting of at least three circular bearing elements, held by a bearing support, said bearing elements being arranged tangentially to the pivot.
• the bearing support may comprise holding elements of complementary shape to the circular bearing elements, said holding elements having no contact surface with the pivot.
• the pivot may have a circular section, the bearing having on its face facing the pivot at least three grooves and at least three bulges, the latter being arranged to be tangent to said pivot.
• the pivot may have on its periphery a circular groove, arranged to receive said bulges of the bearing.
• the present invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one pivot member as defined above.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 are respectively a perspective view and a sectional view of a first variant of the invention
• FIG. 3 is a detailed view showing the pivot and its bearing, according to the first variant
• FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another variant of the invention
• FIGS. 5 and 6 are a detail view respectively in perspective and from above of this other variant
• FIGS. 7 and 8 are respectively a view in perspective and from above of another variant of the invention.
• FIGS. 9 and 10 are respectively a perspective and bottom view of another variant of the invention
• FIG. 11 is a perspective view of another variant of the invention
• FIG. of the bearing support according to the variant of FIG. 11, and - Figures 13 and 14 are respectively a perspective view and from above of another variant of the invention.
• material having intrinsically a low coefficient of friction and a low wear rate any material that ensures its own lubrication without the aid of an external lubricant.
• this coefficient of friction is less than or equal to 0.1.
• such a material must be hard enough to have a very low wear rate.
• said material has a hardness greater than or equal to 9 on the Mohs scale.
• said material is diamond.
• Any other material having a coefficient of friction and a wear rate equivalent to those of diamond can be used.
• At least the contact surfaces between the pivot and the bearing are made of at least one material having intrinsically a low coefficient of friction and a low wear rate. These elements may also be integrally made of at least one material that inherently has a low coefficient of friction and a low wear rate.
• the frame or only its surface can be made of at least one material having intrinsically a low coefficient of friction and a low wear rate, or any other material.
• Figures 1 to 3 show a movement part of a timepiece, comprising a frame 1 and a mobile comprising a shaft 2, a board 3 provided with a toothing and two flanges 4 together forming a wheel.
• the two flanges 4 and the board 3 are secured to the shaft 2, for example by gluing.
• the mobile is rotatably mounted about an axis AA on the frame 1 by means of two pivot members 5a and 5b which each respectively comprise a bearing 6a, 6b and a pivot 7a, 7b.
• the pivots 7a, 7b are formed from the ends of the shaft 2.
• the bearings 6a, 6b are mounted on the frame 1, in this case, respectively on a bridge 1a and a plate 1b. They are formed platelets hunted in the frame 1, by example brass.
• the bearings 6a, 6b comprise in their center an orifice 8 in which the shaft 2 is engaged.
• the orifice 8 of the bearing 6a (or 6b) has a circular section, in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation AA.
• the shaft 2, and therefore the pivots 7a (or 7b) have a section, according to said plane, of square shape, the edges 9 have been rounded.
• the contact surface between the pivots 7a, 7b and the bearings 6a, 6b respectively is reduced to reduce the friction torque between these two elements, while ensuring a radial positioning of the shaft 2.
• the shaft and therefore the pivots may have any other polygonal shape for reducing the contact surface between the pivot and its bearing, such as a section of octagonal or triangular section.
• the bearings 6a, 6b and the shaft 2 (and therefore the pivots 7a, 7b) are made from diamond, for example by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of diamond on a silicon plate, and then are obtained by plasma etching.
• the shaft 2 can for example be obtained from a CVD diamond-coated plate and then worked by plasma etching to form bars whose width and thickness are equal. These bars are then lapped to round their edges.
• the board 3 and the flanges 4 can also be obtained for example by plasma etching from diamond deposited by CVD. They are equipped, in their central part, with a square-shaped hole, whose side is very slightly higher than the square side of the shaft 2.
• the diamond has a particularly low coefficient of friction, so that it is not even necessary to lubricate.
• the diamond supports an extremely high radio pressure. In this way, it is possible to reduce the contact surface between the pivots and the bearings, limiting it to the truncated edges.
• Diamond although a hard material, can be obtained by CVD and dimensioned by plasma etching. It is thus possible to ensure the pivoting of a mobile with diamond diamond rubs, using parts made of diamond.
• the pivoting member according to the invention can be easily achieved independently of the constraints associated with the use of materials that inherently have a low coefficient of friction and a low wear rate.
• the pivoting member thus produced thus comprises a bearing 6a or 6b provided with a circular-shaped hole and a pivot of non-circular shape, in this case square, with rounded edges.
• FIG. 4 shows a part of a timepiece movement, comprising a frame 1 and a mobile comprising a shaft 2 of square section, a board 3 and its pinion 15 provided with a set of teeth.
• the mobile is rotatably mounted about an axis AA on the frame 1 by means of two pivoting members which each comprise a pivot 10 and a bearing 11.
• the pivots 10 are formed by a ring in which is engaged the shaft 2, said ring being secured to the shaft 2 for example by gluing.
• the bearings 11 are mounted on the frame 1, in this case respectively on a plate 1b and a bridge 1a.
• the pivot 10, formed by the ring receiving the shaft 2 has a circular section.
• the bearing 11 consists of three bearing elements 11a, 11b and 11c of parallelepipedal shape, of rectangular section.
• the bearing elements 11a, 11b and 11c are arranged around the pivot 10 so that their face 13 facing said pivot 10 is tangent to said pivot 10.
• the pivoting member also comprises a bearing support 12 secured to the frame, for example being driven into the plate 1a or in the bridge 1b.
• the bearing support 12 is generally annular in shape, and is designed to hold the bearing members 11a, 11b and 11c.
• the bearing support 12 has, on its inner periphery 14, three notches
• the bearing elements may be held in their notches for example by gluing, after their position has been adjusted.
• the bearing members may also be held against the ring by resilient means disposed in the space between the bottom of the notch and the bearing member.
• the bearing support 12 and the bearing elements 11a, 11b and 11c are of such dimensions that the inner periphery 14 of the bearing support 12 is not in contact with the pivot 10, while the bearing elements 11a, 11b and 11c protrude from the notches 12a, 12b, 12c to come into tangential contact with the pivot 10.
• the bearing 11 has a triangular section, the three vertices of the triangle corresponding to the three bearing elements 11a , 11b and 11c.
• the contact surface between the pivot 10 and the bearing 11 is reduced since the contact between the two elements 10 and 11 is only at the faces 13 of the bearing elements 11a, 11b and 11c tangent to the pivot 10.
• the pivot 10, the bearing elements 11a, 11b and 11c, and the bearing support 12 are made of diamond by a method CVD and plasma attack.
• Figures 11 and 12 there is shown another alternative embodiment of a pivot member according to the invention.
• the square shaped section movement shaft is not shown. Only the ring in which said tree is engaged.
• the pivot 20, formed by the ring receiving the shaft has a circular section and the bearing 21 consists of three bearing elements 21a, 21b and 21c, annular circular shape.
• the bearing elements 21a, 21b and 21c are arranged around the pivot 20 so that their face 22 opposite the pivot 20 is tangent to said pivot 20.
• the pivoting member also comprises a bearing support 23 of annular shape, and designed to hold the bearing elements 21a, 21b and
• the bearing support 23 has, on its face facing the bearing elements 21a, 21b and 21c, three cylindrical studs 23a, 23b 23c around which the bearing elements 21a, 21b and
• the bearing support 23 is disposed inside the orifice 24a of the support element 24 without any contact between the two parts 23 and
• the bearing elements 21a, 21b and 21c come tangentially in contact with the support element 24 and are held there so as to make the bearing support 23 integral with the frame.
• the bearing support 23 and the bearing elements 21a, 21b and 21c are of such dimensions that the inner periphery 25 of the bearing support 23 is not in contact with the pivot 20, while the bearing elements 21a, 21b and
• the bearing 21 has a section of generally triangular shape, the three vertices of the triangle corresponding to the three bearing elements 21a,
• the pivot 20 and the bearing 21 are obtained by plasma etching from diamond deposited by a CVD process.
• the pivot 30, formed by the ring receiving the shaft 2 has a circular section and the bearing 31 consists of four bearing elements 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d, of circular shape.
• the bearing elements 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d are arranged around the pivot 30 so that their face 32 facing the pivot 30 is tangent to said pivot 30.
• the pivoting member also comprises a bearing support 33 consisting of four holding elements 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d of complementary shape to the bearing elements 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d, interposed between said bearing members 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d.
• a support member 34 of annular shape and having in its center a circular orifice 34a, concentric with the bearing support 33.
• the support member 34 is integral with the frame.
• the dimensions of the four holding elements 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d are such that, when they are arranged inside the orifice 34a of the support element 34, they do not have a surface of contact with said support member 34 but are tangentially in contact with the bearing members 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d.
• the dimensions and the positioning of the bearing elements 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d are such that said bearing elements 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d also come tangentially in contact with the support element 34 and are held so as to make the bearing support 33 secured to the frame.
• the bearing 31 d are of such dimensions that the holding elements 33a, 33b, 33c and 33d are not in contact with the pivot 30, while the bearing elements 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d come into tangential contact with the pivot by their faces 32.
• the bearing 31 has a generally square section, the four corners of the square corresponding to the four bearing elements 31a, 31b, 31c and 31d.
• the pivot 30, the bearing elements 21a, 21b and 21c, and the bearing support 23 are made by plasma etching from diamond deposited by a CVD process.
• the pivot 40 formed by the ring receiving the shaft 2 has a circular section and the bearing 41 has on its face opposite the pivot 40 three bulges 41a, 41b and 41c, and three grooves 42a, 42b and 42c.
• the bulges 41a, 41b and 41c are arranged around the pivot 40 so that their face 43 facing the pivot 40 is tangent to said pivot 40.
• the contact surface between the pivot 40 and the bearing 41 is reduced since the contact between the two elements 40 and 41 is only at the faces 43 of the bulges 41a, 41b and 41c tangent to the pivot 40.
• the free spaces 44a, 44b and 44c existing between the pivot 40 and the three grooves 42a, 42b and 42c can be used as oil mills and receive a lubricant, if we must further reduce friction.
• the pivot 40 and the bearing 41 are made by plasma etching from diamond deposited by a CVD method.
• FIGs 9 and 10 there is shown another alternative embodiment of a pivot member according to the invention, very similar to that shown in Figures 7 and 8.
• the elements are repeated with the same references as those used for Figures 7 and 8.
• the pivot 40 formed by the ring receiving the shaft 2 has on its periphery a circular groove 45 in which are engaged the three bulges 41a, 41b and 41c.
• Groove 45 can be obtained by making a pivot having an upper ring and a rod, the rod having a diameter smaller than that of the upper ring.
• the forms of the elements of the invention are not limited to the present description.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
• Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=40155765

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (13)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2008
  • 2008-03-18 CH CH00403/08A patent/CH704640B1/fr unknown
• 2009
  • 2009-03-17 EP EP09722764A patent/EP2255257A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-03-17 WO PCT/EP2009/053138 patent/WO2009115519A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2009-03-17 CN CN2009801092277A patent/CN101978329A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-03-17 US US12/933,485 patent/US8485719B2/en active Active
  • 2009-03-17 RU RU2010142391/28A patent/RU2010142391A/ru unknown
  • 2009-03-17 JP JP2011500195A patent/JP5475750B2/ja active Active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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