EP2252420B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce frittée à base de fer - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce frittée à base de fer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2252420B1
EP2252420B1 EP09718461A EP09718461A EP2252420B1 EP 2252420 B1 EP2252420 B1 EP 2252420B1 EP 09718461 A EP09718461 A EP 09718461A EP 09718461 A EP09718461 A EP 09718461A EP 2252420 B1 EP2252420 B1 EP 2252420B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surface layer
sintered
boron
carbon
blank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09718461A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2252420A1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Orth
Gerold MSc. STETINA
Herbert Danninger
Christian Gierl
Peter Hofbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miba Sinter Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Miba Sinter Austria GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miba Sinter Austria GmbH filed Critical Miba Sinter Austria GmbH
Publication of EP2252420A1 publication Critical patent/EP2252420A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2252420B1 publication Critical patent/EP2252420B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
    • C22C33/0264—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements the maximum content of each alloying element not exceeding 5%
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an iron-based sintered workpiece, wherein a molding is pressed from a sintered powder and sintered into a blank before the blank is compacted in the region of a surface layer.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, a method of the type described for producing a sintered iron-based workpiece in such a way that despite a waiver of expensive pusher tools limited to a surface layer compression of the workpiece can be guaranteed, with a comparatively low manufacturing tolerance ,
  • the invention achieves the stated object in that the sintered blank is enriched in the surface area to be compacted with carbon and / or boron and resintered above the solidus temperature of the enriched surface layer.
  • the invention makes use of the finding that the sintering behavior of pressed moldings from an iron-based sintering powder depends on the content of certain storage elements, in particular the content of carbon and boron. While no pronounced densification of the sintered material can be observed below a critical carbon or boron content during sintering, the compression of a sintered material increases accordingly high carbon and boron levels during sintering. With a carbon and boron content over the respectively critical areas, a liquid phase is formed which spontaneously forms from the respective mixed crystals of the iron with carbon and boron when the solidus temperature is exceeded and allows a largely nonporous sintered body.
  • the liquid phase remains in the resintering Carbon or boron enriched surface layer, with the result that only this surface layer of the compaction is subjected by the liquid phase sintering, while in the remaining parts of the blank, only a normal solid phase sintering occurs.
  • the enrichment of the surface layer with carbon and / or boron can be carried out in a conventional manner. For example, carbon enrichment in the surface layer is possible by means of gas carburizing or low pressure carburizing.
  • the presintered blank can be placed in a manner known per se in powder or pasty boron or subjected to plasma processing. It depends only on the accumulation of the intercalators carbon and boron, but not on the method used for it.
  • the enrichment of the intercalation elements carbon and boron in a surface layer of the blank required for liquid-phase sintering entails the risk of embrittlement of the surface layer. To counteract this risk, it is advisable to carry out the resintering required for compaction isothermally, in particular to reduce the carbon content of the surface layer by Abdiffundieren the carbon in the interior of the blank and thereby avoid the excretion of grain boundary carbides.
  • the carbon content in the surface layer to be compacted should be greater than 1 mass%. However, this means overcooling of the surface layer to a depth of typically 1 to 1.5 mm in view of the later use of the workpiece. If the isothermal sintering is carried out above the solidus temperature until the carbon content has dropped below 1% by mass, the risk of embrittlement of the surface layer due to excess carbon is largely eliminated.
  • the grain coarsening associated with the resintering above the solidus temperature can be counteracted by normalizing the resintered blank in a manner known per se.
  • boron enrichment is recommended to the extent of 0.01 to 0.6 mass%.
  • the danger of embrittlement can be avoided by carrying out the resintering under a deboring atmosphere.
  • a hydrogen atmosphere is suitable, because in such a hydrogen atmosphere, the boron, after it has unfolded its effect on the spontaneous formation of a liquid phase, is partially removed again from the surface layer of the blank and does not interfere further.
  • the resintering can also be carried out in a non-deboronating atmosphere, such as argon, or in a vacuum, resintering in a nitrogen atmosphere is not recommended. Namely boron nitride is formed in a nitrogen atmosphere, whereby the liquid sintering phase activating effect of the boron is lost.
  • a prealloyed iron powder with 1.5 mass% molybdenum is mixed with 0.3 mass% graphite and 0.8 mass% ⁇ thylenbisstearoylamid as a lubricant and pressed at 600 MPa to a molding dewaxing at 800 ° C over a period of 30 minutes and at the same time subjected to a solid phase sintering becomes.
  • the sintered parison is carburized in a conventional gas carburizing furnace to set a carbon content of 1.2 mass% in the surface layer. Thereafter, the blank is sintered in a walking beam oven under a nitrogen atmosphere for 45 minutes at 1320 ° C, wherein the heating rate to this sintering temperature 15 K / min.
  • the blank is cooled at an average of 10 K / min to 400 ° C and then subjected to normalizing at 900 ° C, which annealing temperature is maintained for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the workpiece is cooled to room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere at a cooling rate of 10 K / min.
  • the porosity of the workpiece was measured in the core at 9 to 11% and in the area of the compacted surface layer to a depth of 0.3 mm at less than 2%.
  • a prealloyed iron powder having 3 mass% chromium and 0.5 mass% molybdenum is mixed with 0.35 mass% graphite and 0.6 mass% of a lubricant before a molding is pressed at a molding pressure of 400 MPa.
  • the molding is dewaxed in a belt furnace and sintered at 1120 ° C. for 30 minutes.
  • the sintered parison is carburized in a low pressure carbonitriding furnace at 900 ° C, using acetylene as the carbon support, which is introduced into the furnace in a pulsed manner.
  • the carburized in a surface layer blank is heated in a vacuum oven at a heating rate of 10 K / min to a post-sintering temperature of 1300 ° C and held at this temperature for 60 min, then first under vacuum conditions and then from 1100 ° C in a nitrogen atmosphere with Cooling rate of 10 K / min to 300 ° C to be cooled.
  • the blank is heated again to 900 ° C and then quenched with nitrogen.
  • the thus hardened workpiece is tempered at 180 ° C.
  • the residual porosity was in a compacted surface layer up to in a depth of 0.5 mm less than 2% and showed a hardness greater than 500 HV3.
  • the core porosity was measured at 13%.
  • An iron powder prealloyed with 1.5% by mass of chromium and 0.2% by mass of molybdenum is mixed with 0.2% by mass of graphite and 0.6% by mass of lubricant and pressed at 700 MPa into a shaped article.
  • the sintering and dewaxing of this molding is carried out at 800 ° C.
  • the molding is placed in a powder mixture of ferroboron, ferromanganese and aluminum oxide and sintered in an oven for 30 min at 1000 ° C in a hydrogen atmosphere simultaneously and borated.
  • the sintered blank is sintered in a sintering furnace for 1 h isothermally at 1250 ° C in flowing hydrogen.
  • the compacted surface layer had a thickness of 0.5 to 0.7 mm and showed a residual porosity of less than 1%, while the core porosity was 9%.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de fabrication d'une pièce frittée à base de fer, suivant lequel on comprime une pièce moulée à partir d'une poudre de frittage et on le fritte pour obtenir une ébauche, avant compactage de l'ébauche au niveau de la zone d'une couche superficielle. Pour permettre un compactage superficiel sans outil de compression, il est proposé d'enrichir en carbone et/ou en bore l'ébauche frittée dans la surface à compacter, et de la refritter au-delà de la température de solidus de la couche superficielle enrichie.

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce frittée à base de fer, où une ébauche pour fonderie, composée d'une poudre de frittage, est pressée et frittée pour donner une pièce brute, avant que la pièce brute soit comprimée dans la zone d'une couche de surface, caractérisé en ce que, dans la zone de surface à comprimer, la pièce brute frittée est enrichie en carbone et/ou en bore, à un degré dépassant les valeurs critiques pour la constitution d'une phase liquide spontanée lors du dépassement de la température de solidus, et est refrittée au-dessus de la température de solidus de la couche de surface enrichie.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pièce brute est refrittée de manière isotherme.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'un enrichissement de la couche de surface avec du carbone, la teneur en carbone dans la couche de surface à comprimer est supérieure à 1 % en masse.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le frittage isotherme au-dessus de la température de solidus est pratiqué jusqu'à ce que la teneur en carbone soit descendue au-dessous de 1 % en masse.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la pièce brute refrittée est soumise à un recuit normal.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'un enrichissement de la couche de surface avec du bore, la teneur en bore dans la couche de surface à comprimer est dans la fourchette comprise entre 0,01 et 0,6 % en masse.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas d'un enrichissement de la couche de surface avec du bore, la pièce brute est refrittée sous une atmosphère déborante, de préférence sous une atmosphère d'hydrogène.
EP09718461A 2008-03-06 2009-03-05 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce frittée à base de fer Not-in-force EP2252420B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0036408A AT506444B1 (de) 2008-03-06 2008-03-06 Verfahren zum herstellen eines gesinterten werkstückes auf eisenbasis
PCT/AT2009/000089 WO2009108981A1 (fr) 2008-03-06 2009-03-05 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce frittée à base de fer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2252420A1 EP2252420A1 (fr) 2010-11-24
EP2252420B1 true EP2252420B1 (fr) 2011-09-07

Family

ID=40639051

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09718461A Not-in-force EP2252420B1 (fr) 2008-03-06 2009-03-05 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce frittée à base de fer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2252420B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT506444B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009108981A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5613180A (en) * 1994-09-30 1997-03-18 Keystone Investment Corporation High density ferrous power metal alloy
US5729822A (en) * 1996-05-24 1998-03-17 Stackpole Limited Gears
DE102005027055A1 (de) * 2005-06-10 2006-12-14 Gkn Sinter Metals Gmbh Prozess zur Herstellung einer Verzahnung
US7905018B2 (en) * 2006-03-29 2011-03-15 Hitachi Powdered Metals Co., Ltd. Production method for sintered gear
US7722803B2 (en) * 2006-07-27 2010-05-25 Pmg Indiana Corp. High carbon surface densified sintered steel products and method of production therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2009108981A1 (fr) 2009-09-11
EP2252420A1 (fr) 2010-11-24
AT506444B1 (de) 2010-01-15
AT506444A1 (de) 2009-09-15
ATE523275T1 (de) 2011-09-15

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