Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/0087—Environmental safety or protection means, e.g. preventing explosion
  • A61M16/009—Removing used or expired gases or anaesthetic vapours
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/0087—Environmental safety or protection means, e.g. preventing explosion
  • A61M16/009—Removing used or expired gases or anaesthetic vapours
  • A61M16/0093—Removing used or expired gases or anaesthetic vapours by adsorption, absorption or filtration
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/01—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes specially adapted for anaesthetising
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
  • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M2209/00—Ancillary equipment
  • A61M2209/08—Supports for equipment
  • A61M2209/084—Supporting bases, stands for equipment
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
  • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
  • Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for recovering nitrous oxide (N 2 O) or xenon (Xe) found in the gases exhaled by patients, particularly in the care rooms of hospital buildings.
• Nitrous oxide mixed with oxygen for example in an equimolar 50% / 50% ratio, is used in the medical field as an analgesic which is administered to the patient by respiratory mask or the like.
• the protoxide is however not metabolized and exhaled by the patient in a volume mixture containing about 48% N 2 O, 44% O 2 , 4% CO 2 and 4% water vapor.
• the medical staff may be exposed to a greater or lesser inhalation of nitrous oxide. ambient, which is not necessarily desirable, especially if this inhalation of N 2 O is important and / or frequent.
• the nitrous oxide sucked up and then released into the atmosphere can have adverse effects from the point of view of the environment.
• it is a gas with a strong "greenhouse effect" and having a destructive action on the ozone layer.
• the dispersion of medical nitrous oxide in a suction or exhaust air system is not simple because the destination of the evacuated gases must be well controlled to avoid further delay the problem solved locally and, moreover, the exhaled mixture is highly oxidizing and its transport requires an analysis of the risks generated by this characteristic and the use of compatible materials and convenient maintenance practices, excluding for example the lubrication of moving parts.
• xenon is also a gas used in the field of anesthesia and which has very interesting properties for this application. This use is generally done in the operating room but it can also be used in laboratories for research purposes.
• a zeolite of Faujasite type for example a zeolite of the CaX, NaX, CaLSX or NaLSX type, to adsorb nitrous oxide, as well as CO 2 and water vapor. lying in the expired gases.
• Other adsorbents such as silica gels, activated carbons or zeolites effectively adsorb xenon.
• N 2 O or xenon molecules present in the exhaled gases actually become selectively and reversibly attached to the pores of the adsorbent material, thus allowing them to be extracted from the gaseous mixture and sequestered before reprocessing. This reaction takes place under good conditions of kinetics and temperature.
• the patient's exhalation tube is connected to a reservoir containing a zeolite or other adsorbent which passes oxygen but adsorbs nitrous oxide, xenon or any other therapeutic or anesthetic gas that is required. recover, thus avoiding that the molecules of this gas spread in the environment.
• adsorbent When the adsorbent is saturated, it is reprocessed at the factory, by heating, resulting in the desorption of the adsorbed gases.
• the adsorbent container must be designed to minimize the pressure drop of the gas because it will be felt by the patient as a resistance to exhalation.
• a problem that arises is therefore to propose an adsorbent container dedicated to the trapping of volatile compounds present in the gases exhaled by the patients, in particular N 2 O and xenon, which is adapted to these constraints. and which is otherwise easy to implement by the nursing staff.
• the invention aims to provide a device for recovering in particular nitrous oxide (N 2 O) or xenon (Xe) found in the gas exhaled by patients, which is well suited to a easy implementation in hospitals or the like, especially in treatment rooms in hospital buildings.
• N 2 O nitrous oxide
• Xe xenon
• a solution according to the invention is a gas distribution and recovery device comprising a gas cylinder containing a gas or a gaseous mixture containing at least one anesthetic compound and an adsorption vessel containing at least one adsorbent material capable of adsorbing at least a portion of said anesthetic compound, characterized in that the adsorption vessel is shaped to form a sleeve around at least a portion of the body of the bottle.
• the device of the invention may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
• a recess is provided in the outer wall of the adsorption vessel, said recess being shaped and dimensioned to receive at least a portion of the body of the bottle.
• the adsorption vessel has a recess having a U-shaped cross-section, preferably the recess comprises first and second expansions facing each other.
• the inner wall of the recess of the adsorption vessel is in contact with at least a portion of the body of the bottle when the bottle is positioned in said recess.
• the bottle and the adsorption container are arranged on a mobile carriage provided with one or more wheels.
• the adsorption vessel comprises a gas inlet port to be purified and at least one purified gas outlet vent, preferably the inlet orifice is in the upper half of the vessel and the outlet vent is found in the lower half of the container.
• the adsorption container comprises an internal compartment enclosing the adsorbent material and an external body protecting said internal compartment.
• the adsorption vessel comprises connection means arranged at the gas inlet orifice adapted to and designed to allow the connection of a gas channel to said inlet port.
• the invention also relates to a method for recovering and treating gas exhaled by a patient, wherein: a) a gas exhaled by a patient is recovered, said gas containing at least one anesthetic compound, in particular N 2 O or xenon, b) introducing the gas recovered in step a) into the adsorption vessel of a device according to the invention, c) adsorbing at least a portion of the anesthetic compound within said adsorption vessel, and d) extracting from the adsorption vessel a purified gas freed from at least a portion of said anesthetic compound.
• a gas exhaled by a patient is recovered, said gas containing at least one anesthetic compound, in particular N 2 O or xenon
• b) introducing the gas recovered in step a) into the adsorption vessel of a device according to the invention c) adsorbing at least a portion of the anesthetic compound within said adsorption vessel, and
• FIG. 1 represents an embodiment of a device forming a mobile assembly according to the present invention
• FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the whole of Figure 1.
• Figures 1 and 2 show a possible embodiment of a device forming a mobile assembly according to the present invention which comprises an adsorbent container 1, also called adsorber, a gas bottle 3 containing anesthetic gas or analgesic comprising N 2 O or xenon, and a transport carriage 2 carrying the bottle 3 and the adsorber 1, and facilitating the transport of all in hospital buildings or other.
• adsorbent container 1 also called adsorber
• gas bottle 3 containing anesthetic gas or analgesic comprising N 2 O or xenon
• transport carriage 2 carrying the bottle 3 and the adsorber 1, and facilitating the transport of all in hospital buildings or other.
• the transport carriage 2 comprises a carrying frame 25 provided with a bottom 24 on which is placed the gas bottle 2 and / or the adsorber 1, and a handle, such as a hoop 21.
• the lower part of the carriage 2 comprises one or more wheels 22 to allow movement of the assembly by rolling on the ground.
• a stand 23 makes it possible to hold the assembly in the vertical position at its place of use.
• the carriage 2 receives the adsorber 1 which is held in position by a suitable fixing device adapted and designed to hold the adsorber 1 in a fixed position on the carriage 2, for example by screwing, by straps, by clipping, by interlocking or other.
• the adsorber 1 is dimensioned so as to contain enough adsorbent, for example zeolite, to adsorb all the protoxide. nitrogen or xenon contained in a bottle B5 having a capacity of 1500 liters of gas (ie 5 1 of water).
• the weight of the adsorbent required is quite substantial, that is to say typically between about 10 and 20 kg, or even more depending on the adsorbent chosen and its adsorption efficiency (capacity, selectivity, activation, possible pollution during repeated uses ).
• the shape of the adsorber 1 containing the adsorbent is chosen so as to include the gas bottle 3, that is to say that, as visible in FIG. 2, the adsorber 1 has a shape having a "crescent" section, so as to have a compact and integrated shape, and thus to receive all or part of the body of the bottle 3 in its recess 14 forming a hollow space s extending along the outer wall of the adsorber 1.
• the recess 14 of the adsorber 1 has a section "U” and is dimensioned to receive all or part of a gas bottle 3, that is to say that typically the recess 14 ( inside the "U") to a width and a depth of the order of 15 to 17 cm, therefore sufficient to receive a bottle of about 14 cm in diameter.
• the contact surface between the bottle 3 and the wall of the recess 14 of the adsorber 1 is favorable and leads to beneficial heat exchanges: the adsorber 1 heats up due to the adsorption part of the exhaled gas, while the bottle 2 cools due to the relaxation of the gas it contains.
• the crescent section, that is to say enveloping, of the adsorber 1 is an advantage.
• fixing means 13 for example a flange, a collar, one or straps, cooperating with the bottle 3 or the protective cowl 31 mounted thereon, so as to secure the bottle 3 and the adsorber 1;
• the adsorber 1 can return other forms, in particular it can form sleeve all around the body of the bottle 3 or only around a part of said 3.
• the entire height of the bottle 3 and / or its protective cover 31 may be covered or only a part thereof, for example only the bottle body 3.
• the gas bottle 3 can be a conventional medical gas cylinder type B5 provided with a cowling or protective cap 31 from covering and protecting the sensitive organs of the bottle 3, typically the valve or regulator valve 32 serving to control the passage of the gas towards the outside of the bottle (flow and / or pressure), as well as its equipment, such as manometer, steering wheel or operating lever ...
• a bottle of this type is described for example in the document EP- A-629812 and an expansion valve usable on such a bottle is for example described by the document EP-A-747796.
• the entry of the exhaled gases by the patient is via an inlet orifice 12 located on the upper face of the adsorber 1 and the discharge to the atmosphere gases freed from their anesthetic compounds, such as N 2 O or xenon, is via one (or more) vent 11 of gas evacuation is located in the lower zone of the adsorber, that is to say near the bottom 24 of the carriage 2.
• the outlet 11 for the purified gases can be arranged in such a way that it is easily connectable to an evacuation, preferably in natural or forced depression; the purified gases being free of nitrous oxide or xenon can be simply vented to the outside atmosphere because without significant impact on the environment.
• adsorbent to be used depends on the gas to be treated and the level of purification of the desired gas. The choice will therefore be made on a case-by-case basis, in particular using empirical tests to test the effectiveness of a particular adsorbent available on the market.
• a faujasite-type adsorbent can be used, whereas for adsorbing xenon, a silica-gel type adsorbent, activated carbon or zeolite is chosen.
• adsorbents which can be either arranged in successive layers in the adsorber 1, or mixed with each other thus forming a composite bed.
• the adsorption of the compounds on the adsorbent will be bottom up and desorption against the current adsorption, so from top to bottom.
• the gas can also be pretreated before adsorbing the N 2 O, for example to remove all or part of the water vapor that it contains, that is to say to desaturate it in water.
• the inlet port 12 comprises duct connection means for attaching the end of a duct conveying the exhaled gases from the respiratory mask, the intubation probe or any other similar device able to recover expired gases from the patient.
• the conduit connection means may be a fitting fitted with or without locking or a screw connection with sealing means, such as seals.
• a frame containing wheels 22 and a handle 21 may have a form of arch, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, or any other adapted form.
• the nursing staff therefore has, thanks to the movable assembly of the invention, permanently both the means of dispensing the gas and that of sequestering.
• the adsorber 1 may consist of an inner container or compartment containing the adsorbent and made of a material supporting the desorption heat treatment and an external bodywork ensuring the aesthetics, fixing it on the carriage 2, as well as the protection of the container or internal compartment and carrying all useful information for use and identification in the form of labels or electronic chip.
• the assembly according to the invention can be used both in hospital buildings, such as hospitals or clinics, as in treatment rooms, especially in hospital buildings or in the office of a doctor, a dentist, a veterinarian or the like, only in mobile intervention care units, such as EMS, firefighters, ambulances etc ... or at home.
• hospital buildings such as hospitals or clinics
• treatment rooms especially in hospital buildings or in the office of a doctor, a dentist, a veterinarian or the like
• mobile intervention care units such as EMS, firefighters, ambulances etc ... or at home.
• a first conduit connects the gas cylinder 3 to the upper airways of the patient so as to administer N 2 O or xenon to said patient, via a respiratory interface, such as a mask or the like, while a second gas duct connects the respiratory interface to the inlet orifice 12 of the adsorber 1 so as to route the exhaled gases to said orifice 12.
• the first and second gas ducts are preferably flexible gas lines, typically in polymer.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Pulmonology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Ecology (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
• Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
• Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2008
  • 2008-01-29 FR FR0850523A patent/FR2926728B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2009
  • 2009-01-26 EP EP09705724A patent/EP2247332A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-01-26 WO PCT/FR2009/050106 patent/WO2009095601A2/fr not_active Ceased

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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