EP2245233B1 - Apparatus and method for making boreholes in the ground, the cross sections of which boreholes partially intersect - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for lowering a second bore having a longitudinal axis in the ground, whose cross section crosses the cross section of an already existing first bore partially, wherein the second bore extends at least substantially parallel to the first bore, with a drilling device, the one around the Longitudinal axis of the second bore rotationally driven drill head comprises, and with an operatively connected to the drilling device guide means for guiding the drilling device relative to the already existing first bore, wherein the guide means comprises at least a first guide element which faces with the bore wall of the first bore on the second bore Side interacts.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for introducing approximately parallel holes in the ground, the cross sections of which partially overlap, with the aid of the device according to the invention.

An above device is from the EP 1 770 219 A1 known. In addition to the first guide elements, this device has second guide elements which abut against the side of the wall of the second bore facing the first bore.

With the thus cooperating with two holes guide elements is to prevent that the cross-sectionally partially overlapping bores so far out of their mutually parallel direction, that the generated by the overlap of the cross section opening between the holes is greatly reduced or even completely eliminated. This result of leaving the parallel alignment of adjacent holes to each other is especially of considerable disadvantage if the adjacent holes belong to a variety of appropriately introduced holes that are to be filled after insertion to create an impermeable sealing wall with suitable sealing material, such as concrete. Because in the case of reducing the connection opening, the sealing wall would be weakened undesirable, in the case of complete omission of the connection opening, the sealing wall would even be interrupted. The regularly expensive to be built structure would then not fulfill its purpose.

Another device for sinking a bore according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from FR 2,852 . 352 A1 known. It comprises a drilling device and a guide device operatively connected to the drilling device. The guide means cooperates with the wall of the bore which is drilled to effect changes of direction of the bore.

From the EP 649 716 A1 For example, a device is known for milling grooves in concrete slabs which are introduced into recesses in the ground.

A device and a method for forming an impermeable wall in the underground are known from US 5,056,242 A known. For this purpose, it is provided to lower a removal device with a drill head, which is rotatable about an axis extending perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the bore, into an outlet bore. During the lifting of the removal device, an extension of the bore takes place, in which the device is supported with a on the ablation of the opposite side of a previously inserted wall segment.

A device for generating side holes from a main bore is from the US 2005/0150692 A1 known. It comprises a drill head, which can be moved laterally out of an existing bore by means of a force-exerting arrangement arranged above it.

From the JP 2007 162337 A For example, a device for improving the soil beneath objects, for example tanks, is known. It comprises a stirring / mixing device which can be inserted into a primary bore and which can be driven out of the primary bore into earth regions below the article. For this purpose, the sales reaction forces are introduced by means of a support device in the extension of the opposite side wall of the primary bore.

The invention is based on the EP 1 770 219 A1 The object of the invention to provide a device with which a second hole in the ground with regard to their course more precisely to the position of an existing hole whose cross section is to be partially overlapped, can be introduced.

This object is achieved by the reproduced in claim 1 device.

Due to the fact that the device according to the invention comprises means with which the direction in which the second bore is introduced can be varied during introduction, the lowering of the second bore is reliable, in particular a running of the second bore out of the longitudinal axes of the first and The second hole spanned plane is prevented.

To further improve the guidance of the Boreinrichtung the device comprises a second guide element, which interacts with the side facing away from the second bore of the first bore.

Very particularly preferred is a development of the device according to the invention, which comprises a measuring device for detecting the position of the guide device in the first bore. If displacements of the guide device are detected with this measuring device, then they can signal an unwanted running out of the second bore from the parallel position to the first bore. Such leakage can, for example, by oblique impingement of the drilling device when lowering the second hole on harder soil be conditional. The measuring device thus enables the operator of the device to take appropriate countermeasures in the event of such a signal.

The means may comprise supporting elements acting on the drilling device, which may preferably be brought into contact with the wall of the second bore above the drilling device in directions running transversely to the connecting plane, preferably by means of adjusting elements. The adjusting elements can in turn be connected to a first control or regulating device, which in turn is in turn connected to the measuring device. In the event that the measuring device signals an undesired change in position, then those of the adjusting elements can be automatically brought into contact with the wall of the second bore, which are required to achieve a return force.

By the presence of such a measuring device and its coupling with the control or regulating devices of the rotary drive and / or the adjusting elements an active control of the direction of the second bore is possible. The device thus formed therefore allows neighboring bores, which are partially overlapping in cross section, to be introduced into the ground in a gradient which has not yet been achieved.

If the drilling device comprises a rotary driven drill head and a second control or regulating device for influencing the rotary drive, then the measuring device can additionally or alternatively be operatively connected to the second control or regulating device. In the event that it signals an undesirable change in position of the guide device in the first bore, the rotary drive can be influenced with the aid of the second control or regulating device so that a return-directed force is generated. In particular, in the case of a lateral running out of the connecting plane between the first and the second bore, the direction of rotation in which the drill head is driven, be reversed, as act through the friction of the drill head in the borehole always transverse to the joint plane directed forces on the drill head.

The measuring device may include an electronic inclinometer, also called "Inclinometer", or else a laser gyro, also called "laser gyro".

The first guide element is configured in such a way that it is suitable for interacting with the first bore in the direction of advance of the second bore in front of the bore of the second bore and below the drill head. Due to this measure, the first guide element can rest against the wall of the first bore over a particularly large area and there is no danger that its guiding function will be lost as a result of breaking in of the connecting region between the adjacent holes.

The first guide element is then preferably designed such that it rests on both sides of the plane connecting the longitudinal axes of the first and the second bore, on the wall of the first bore. The two-sided system, which may be provided in particular symmetrically to the plane, prevents that by supporting transverse to the plane extending forces arise, which could then exert transverse to the direction of advance moments directed to the drilling device. If such moments are to be feared due to other influences, then on the other hand, the system of the guide element can be selectively selected asymmetrically to the plane so as to generate reversely directed moments for at least partial compensation.

So that the second bore can be introduced as deep as the first bore, it is particularly advantageous to design the first guide element such that it is designed to be displaceable in a directional component parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first bore.

For this purpose, the first guide element - particularly preferably - arranged on the leading end in the advancing direction of a length-variable holder. It can then be withdrawn as soon as it reaches the bottom of the first bore, whereupon the second bore can be further advanced until its sole lies approximately in the same plane as that of the first bore.

In order to give the holder the required properties, it may in particular be arranged such that its adjustment direction encloses an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of the first bore. In this case, retraction of the first guide element at the same time causes the first guide element to lift away from the bore wall and thus does not constitute an obstacle to the further advance of the second bore.

The holder can comprise an electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically operated length adjuster, which can then be activated if, for example, correspondingly provided sensors detect an impact of the first guide element on the sole.

Alternatively, it is also possible to provide the holder with a spring-loaded length adjuster, which presses the first guide element against the wall of the first bore. This variant is characterized in particular by its simple and therefore cost-effective manufacturability and its Störunanfälligkeit.

1. a) Einbringen einer ersten Bohrung;
2. b) Einbringen einer zweiten Bohrung mit Hilfe einer vorbeschriebenen Vorrichtung, wobei die Richtung, in welcher die zweite Bohrung eingebracht wird, aktiv gesteuert wird, wobei das erste Führungselement in Vortriebsrichtung der zweiten Bohrung gesehen unterhalb der Bohrlochsohle der zweiten Bohrung und unterhalb des Bohrkopfes mit der ersten Bohrung wechselwirkt.

The invention also extends to a method for introducing approximately parallel bores into the ground, whose cross sections partially overlap, with the following steps:

1. a) introducing a first bore;
2. b) introducing a second bore by means of a device described above, wherein the direction in which the second bore is introduced, is actively controlled, wherein the first guide member in the advancing direction of the second bore below the bottom hole of the second bore and below the drill head with the first hole interacts.

If the drilling device used in the method is rotationally driven, the active control preferably takes place when the guide device is pivoted about the longitudinal axis of the first bore by changing the rotational drive direction to produce a torque acting in the backward pivoting direction.

Alternatively or additionally, upon pivoting of the guide device about the longitudinal axis of the first bore, the active control can be generated by a force acting in the return pivoting direction by means of a supporting element acting on the drilling device, which is pressed against the wall of the second bore.

Fig. 1a)

- schematisch - ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einer Seitenansicht beim Vortreiben einer zweiten Bohrung, der den Querschnitt einer ersten, benachbarten Bohrung teilweise überschneidet (Schnitt A-B in Fig. 1b));

Fig. 1b)

dieselbe Vorrichtung - wiederum schematisch - in einer Ansicht von oben;

Fig. 2a)

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in einer Fig. 1a) entsprechenden Ansicht sowie

Fig. 2b)

die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2a) von oben (Ansicht A in Fig. 2a)).

The device according to the invention and the method according to the invention will now be explained further with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1a)

- Schematically - a first embodiment of a device according to the invention in a side view when driving a second bore, the cross section of a first, adjacent hole partially overlapping (section AB in Fig. 1b ));

Fig. 1b)

the same device - again schematically - in a view from above;

Fig. 2a)

A second embodiment of a device according to the invention in one Fig. 1a ) corresponding view as well

Fig. 2b)

the device according to Fig. 2a ) from above (view A in Fig. 2a )).

In the Fig. 1 as a whole with 100 designated apparatus comprises a rotary drive, not shown in the drawing about its longitudinal axis S2, which coincides with the longitudinal axis of the introduced, hereinafter referred to as "second bore" bore 2, rotationally driven drill pipe 3. At the front in the insertion direction, in Fig. 1a ) end shown below, a drill head 4 is arranged on the drill pipe 3, which is rotated with the drill pipe 3. Inside the drill string 3 is an in Fig. 1a ) dashed channel 5, which seen in the direction of insertion front end opens into the end face 6 of the drill head 4. Through the channel 5 soil dissolved at the bottom of the hole 7 is conveyed to the outside, for example by means of the known "reverse circulation" method, in which air is pumped into a column of water standing in the channel 5 and thus a flow in the channel 5 Fig. 1a ) is generated upward.

As in particular from Fig. 1 b) it can be seen, the second hole 2 is introduced into the soil, that its cross section the cross section of a previously introduced, in Fig. 1 on the right next to the hole 2 shown first hole 1 overlaps.

So that the longitudinal axis S2 of the second bore extends parallel to the longitudinal axis S1 of the first bore, the drill string 3 and the drill head 4 as a whole, denoted 8 as a drilling device, are operatively connected to a guide device designated as a whole by 9. For this purpose, the drill string 3 in a segment according to Fig. 1a ) above the drill head 4 in the direction of the longitudinal axis S2 relative to the drill pipe 3 fixedly provided with a support 10 which extends through the opening 11 formed on the basis of the overcut of the first and the second bore 1.2.

On the carrier 10, a holder 12 is attached. It is designed in such a multi-part design that it is adjustable in length in the direction of the arrow P by means of a pneumatic cylinder, not shown in the drawing.

How out Fig. 1a ), the adjustment direction with the longitudinal axis S1 includes an acute angle α.

The front in the direction of insertion end of the holder 12 carries a first guide member 13, which is in the extended holder 12 below the bottom hole 7 on the side of the wall of the first bore 1, which faces the second bore 2 rests. The length adjustability of the holder 12 allows the second bore 2 to be inserted as deeply into the ground as the first bore 1 by shifting back the first guide member 13 during the last drilling progress as it contacts the bottom hole 14 of the first bore 1.

The further support of the guide means 9 on the wall of the first bore 1 serve second guide elements 14 which are fixed by means of rigid arms 15 on the carrier 10 of the guide means 9. The booms 15 and the second guide elements 14 are designed such that the guide elements lie flat against the bore wall of the first bore in the area facing away from the second bore, as shown schematically in FIG Fig. 1b ) is shown.

On the guide device 9, a measuring device 16 is arranged, by means of which changes in position of the guide device 9 detected and connected via signal lines 17 of a control or regulating device, not shown in the drawing for influencing the rotary drive not shown in the drawing for the drill string. The measuring device 16 and the control or regulating device are matched to one another such that in the case of signals indicative of an undesired change in position, the control or regulating device influences the drive device in such a way that counteracting forces are generated in the second bore 2 of the change in position.

A second embodiment of the device 200 according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown. In order to avoid repetition, only the differences to those based on Fig. 1 discussed device 100 will be described.

In the apparatus 200, the measuring device 16 is fastened by means of a separate carrier 18, which is fixed above the carrier 10 on the drill pipe 3 and also fixed to the latter in the direction of the longitudinal axis S2. Within the second bore 2 perpendicular to the connecting plane E between the two bores 1, 2 acting radially outward opposing support members 19, 20 are provided. These are based on in the direction of the arrows Q variable length adjusting elements 21, 22 on the support 18 from.

The control elements 21, 22 are connected to a control or regulating device, not shown in the drawing, to which the measuring device 16 is connected via the signal lines 17. Signaled the measuring device 16 in operation an undesirable change in position of the guide device 9 and thus of the drill string 3, the support elements 19, 20 are displaced by means of the adjusting elements 21, 22 against the wall of the second bore, that forces in the sense of a back displacement of the guide device. 9 or the drill pipe 3 are effected.

In the drawing, the two embodiments of the device according to the invention have been described in each case with reference to a sequence of three holes. It is understood that in construction projects for the purpose of producing an impermeable sealing wall, a plurality of holes whose cross sections partially overlap, are produced. The first bore in the sense of the above description is then always that bore which adjoins the second bore introduced by means of the device according to the invention into the earth.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100,200

contraption

1

first hole

2

second hole

3

drill pipe

4

wellhead

5

channel

6

face

7

bottomhole

8th

drilling

9

guide means

10

carrier

11

opening

12

holder

13

first guide element

14

second guide elements

15

boom

16

measuring device

17

signal lines

18

holder

19

supporting

20

supporting

21

actuator

22

actuator

e

level

P

arrow

S1

longitudinal axis

S2

longitudinal axis

α

angle

Q

arrow

Claims (15)

1. Apparatus (100, 200) for spudding a second borehole (2) in the ground, which has a longitudinal axis (S2) the traverse axis of which partly intersects with an already existing first borehole (1), wherein the second borehole is aligned largely in parallel to the first borehole, provided with a drilling device (8) comprising a drill head (4) that is powered by a rotary drive around the longitudinal axis (S2) together with a drill pipe (3),
   and a guide device (9) operatively connected to the drilling device (8) for guiding the drilling device (8) relative to the already existing first borehole (1), wherein the guide device (9) comprises at least one first guide element (13), which interacts with the borehole walling of the first borehole (1) on the side facing the second borehole (2),
   characterized in that
   the apparatus comprises means by which the direction in which the second borehole is made can be manipulated during the spudding, and in that the first guide element (13) is designed in such a way that it is suitable to interact with the first borehole (1) below the borehole bottom (7) of the second borehole (2) and below the drill head (4) when viewed in the direction of advance of the second borehole (2).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the means include a measuring device (16) for recording the position of the guide device (9) in the first borehole (1).
3. Apparatus according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the means include the support elements (19, 20) that are working on the drilling device and which are positioned so that they can be brought to lie flatly on the walling of the second borehole (2) in the direction running traverse to the connection plane (E) between the boreholes (1, 2) on which plane the longitudinal axis (S1) of the first borehole and the longitudinal axis (S2) of the second borehole are positioned.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the support elements (19, 20) can be brought to lie flatly on the walling of the second borehole (2) by means of actuator elements (21, 22) and in that preferably the actuator elements (21, 22) are connected to a first control or regulating device and in that the first control or regulating device is connected to the measuring device.
5. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drilling device (8) comprises a rotary drive for the drill head (4) powered by a rotary drive and a second control or regulating device for manipulation of the rotary drive.
6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the measuring device (16) is operatively connected to the second control or regulating device and in that the measuring device (16) preferably comprises an electronic inclinometer and/or a laser gyroscope.
7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the guide device (9) comprises at least a second guide element (14), which interacts with the side of the first borehole (1) that faces away from the second borehole (2).
8. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the first guide element (13) is designed in such a way that it is suitable to lie flatly on the walling of the first borehole (1) on both sides of the plane (E).
9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the first guide element (13) is configured so that it can move in a direction with one directional component aligned in parallel to the longitudinal axis (S1) of the first borehole (1) and preferably arranged on the end of the length-adjustable retainer (12) that is ahead when viewed in the propulsion direction.
10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the retainer (12) is arranged so that the direction in which the first guide element can be moved forms a sharp angle (α) with the longitudinal axis (S1) of the first borehole (1).
11. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the retainer (12) comprises an electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically driven length adjuster.
12. Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the retainer (12) comprises a length adjuster which is acted upon by a spring force and presses the first guide element (13) against the walling of the first borehole (1).
13. Method in which boreholes (1, 2) aligned roughly in parallel to each other are spudded in the ground, the cross sections of which boreholes partly intersect, involving the following steps:

    a) spudding of a first borehole (1);

    b) spudding of a second borehole (2) by means of an apparatus (100, 200) according to one of the claims 1 to 16, wherein the direction in which the second borehole is made is actively controlled, wherein the first guide element (13) interacts with the first borehole below the borehole bottom (7) of the second borehole (2) and below the drill head (4) when viewed in the direction of advance of the second borehole (2).
14. Method according to claim 13, in which the drilling device (8) comprises a drill head (4) motorized by a rotary drive, characterized in that the active control is implemented by manipulation of the direction of rotation of the rotary drive.
15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the active control is generated by support elements (19, 20) acting on the drilling device (8), through a force acting in the reverse rotation direction, the support elements being pressed against the walling of the second borehole (2).

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