EP2244237B1 - Device for recognising and reporting sparks of combustible materials - Google Patents

Device for recognising and reporting sparks of combustible materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2244237B1
EP2244237B1 EP09005581A EP09005581A EP2244237B1 EP 2244237 B1 EP2244237 B1 EP 2244237B1 EP 09005581 A EP09005581 A EP 09005581A EP 09005581 A EP09005581 A EP 09005581A EP 2244237 B1 EP2244237 B1 EP 2244237B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mirror
disposed
shaft
reflector
light
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09005581A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2244237A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Russwurm
Bernd Dipl-Ing. Ziems
Manfred Guderjan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Minimax GmbH and Co KG
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Minimax GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minimax GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Minimax GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP09005581A priority Critical patent/EP2244237B1/en
Priority to CA2701242A priority patent/CA2701242A1/en
Priority to CN201010167068A priority patent/CN101872528A/en
Priority to RU2010115742/08A priority patent/RU2010115742A/en
Priority to US12/799,187 priority patent/US20100265510A1/en
Publication of EP2244237A1 publication Critical patent/EP2244237A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2244237B1 publication Critical patent/EP2244237B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/002—Generating a prealarm to the central station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/02—Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/04—Monitoring of the detection circuits
    • G08B29/043—Monitoring of the detection circuits of fire detection circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/14—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits
    • G08B29/145—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits of fire detection circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the features of the first claim.
  • the invention relates to a device for detecting potential sources of fire or ignition, in particular hot particles or sparks in transport units for combustible substances.
  • Such devices are used in particular for monitoring the interior of pipes and channels in which a flammable, consisting of dusts, liquids or solid particles transported in a fall distance or by means of a conveying air flow is transported.
  • the invention is suitable for use in delivery lines in which highly flammable or explosive, preferably dust-like particles are transported pneumatically.
  • sensors for fire detection are arranged either in or outside the wall of the delivery line or in a displacement body, which is located within the gas stream. These are used especially when the velocity of the gas stream and its loading with solid particles are high, so that monitoring from the pipe wall leads to erroneous results. The same applies to pipes with a relatively large diameter.
  • EP 1 422 675 A1 describes a device for decoupling dust-laden systems with the risk of explosion, in which a sensor for detecting changes in the hazardous area outside a decoupling window is arranged, which is connected to an evaluation and Lƶoing pulp.
  • a sensor for detecting changes in the hazardous area outside a decoupling window is arranged, which is connected to an evaluation and Lƶoing pulp.
  • For fire detection sensors are used, which work in the infrared, UV and in the visible light range.
  • EP 1 413 998 B1 describes a device for detecting smoldering nests in a pneumatic conveying line, in which IR sensors are arranged in an elongate sleeve.
  • the IR-permeable sleeve is disposed with two fasteners on a lid insertable into the tubing, with a receiving socket within the sleeve carrying the IR sensors, the receiving socket being constructed of two parts.
  • the Displacement body has a fixed arrangement relative to the wall of the delivery line, consists of a plurality of parts and transmits the signal detected by the sensors inside to an alarm device outside the displacement body.
  • the IR sensor (s) is / are located in the radial direction of the transport and protected with a transparent cover against contamination or damage.
  • a disadvantage of this device is that the / the sensors are very limited in their temperature use.
  • DE 29 16 086 B2 Another device for reporting optical fire phenomena, in particular sparks, is in DE 29 16 086 B2 described.
  • This device also has a displacement body within the conveying line, which consists of two mutually L-shaped connected perpendicular legs, the first leg is connected to the fastening means and the other leg extends in the flow direction of the air flow and a light entry surface at the free end having.
  • IR radiation In the leg entering IR radiation is deflected by means of radiation-guiding arcuately extending fibers and fed to a sensor which is located outside the pipeline. This sensor is coupled to a suitable transmitter, with the help of an alarm can be triggered.
  • To realize an entry of the radiation in the one leg of the device different solutions are proposed. As a field of application especially flow for woodworking machines are called.
  • the proposed solutions either have the disadvantage that they consist of a large number of individual parts, that the optical waveguide passes after coupling the transmissible radiation with strong losses to the electrical converter, that the displacer is directed against the air flow, but not aerodynamically shaped and thus the optics are dirty, or that the optical window is not monitored for contamination and the detector is not monitored for operability.
  • the arranged in the conveying line device consisting of an optical detection unit consists of a transparent cylindrical ring, optical reflection surfaces, adjustment units, static elements to give the optical detection unit stability, optical-electrical converter, electronic evaluation unit, an optical pollution monitoring, the may be located inside or outside the pipes and channels to be monitored, and an impact body, for. As a deflector to protect the transparent cylindrical ring from damage.
  • the solution according to the invention provides that the displacement body extending along the delivery line is arranged on a shaft which is fixedly connected to the pipe wall. At one end of the displacement body an aerodynamically shaped deflector is arranged, which is fluidically designed so that it has a low flow resistance.
  • deflectors at both ends of the displacement body. This has advantages if the material flow in the delivery line flows in different directions. The mirror is then to be arranged approximately in the middle of the displacement body so that it fulfills its deflection function.
  • a translucent ring is arranged, in the interior of which a reflector is located. If necessary, the ring may be coated with a special material that allows for wavelength-selected detection.
  • the attachment of the translucent ring can be done by means of thread, preferably a metric fine thread, press fit or gluing. A thread for rapid assembly and interchangeability is advantageous.
  • the reflector used is rotationally symmetrical and has a very high reflection efficiency.
  • an adjustable mirror is arranged in the displacement body. This is to be arranged so that it reflects the radiation into the interior of the shaft.
  • a spark or ignition source within the particle stream that is carried with the gas flow within the tube emits electromagnetic or optical radiation. This radiation passes through the translucent ring to the reflector in the interior of the displacement body and is reflected by the latter via the adjustable mirror along the shaft to an optical receiving and evaluating device at the end of the shaft.
  • the mirror which preferably has a concave surface, is part of a Justiermones that is easy to install and replaceable.
  • a spring and adjusting devices is adjustable so that the electromagnetic radiation of the spark or the ignition source can be precisely and concentrated directed to the optical receiving and evaluation unit at the end of the shaft.
  • the adjustment is interchangeable arranged in the displacement body.
  • a closure cap which can be screwed, on the displacement body.
  • the reflector is rotationally symmetrical and conical. Its design may be conical concave or conical convex, thereby increasing or decreasing the effective viewing angle. Due to the concave configuration of the mirror, it is possible to bundle the radiation concentrated and focused on the optical receiving and evaluating unit.
  • screws such as set screws or cylindrical pins are provided, which cooperate with a spring, such as a coil spring.
  • a spring such as a coil spring
  • the end of the shaft leads through the pipe wall to the outside to an evaluation, for example, to a detector in which the signal evaluation is performed.
  • the mirror is adjusted in the X, Y and Z directions so that the electromagnetic radiation hits the center of the optical-to-electrical transducer at the end of the shaft.
  • the adjusting device of the mirror can represent actuators which are arranged around the mirror. This can be piezo elements.
  • the arranged at the end of the shaft receiving unit passes the converted signal to an evaluation, such as a detector, on. It may be a circuit board for evaluating the signal.
  • the shaft means may be arranged with which the shaft is adjustable in the direction of the axis of the conveying pipe parallel to the pipe wall.
  • the shaft can be arranged on an adapter, which allows to connect the shaft firmly to the pipe wall or to insert into this.
  • test emitter such as a transmitting diode.
  • This can emit a signal in the direction of the transparent ring for the examination of the pollution and receive the reflected signal as a measure of pollution.
  • An examination from the inside does not lead to the fact that contamination by dark particles on the outside of the ring are recognized properly. Therefore, it is advantageous to carry out a contamination test by a test emitter from the outside, which is for example mounted on the pipe wall. Both options can be used individually or in combination.
  • the transmission of the signal can be continuous or in time, between one and ten seconds. The returned signal is evaluated.
  • the translucent ring is contaminated to a certain extent, can be made by the evaluation a relevant signal to clean or to change the translucent ring.
  • the signal falls to the top of the reflector, which monitors the surface of the ring all around, ie 360 degrees.
  • the monitoring is done with a single detector. This is particularly advantageous over tests from the outside, where a jet only partially enters the ring, whereby only the permeability at the entrance surface is tested.
  • the translucent ring made of glass, quartz, plastic or sapphire. Furthermore, it is advantageous to design the deflector with a smooth surface as a steel sleeve with a rubber, Teflon or Halarbe Anlagenung, wherein the reflector is arranged on the opposite side and both parts structurally form a unit. It is advantageous rĆ©ellestecken reflector and deflector directly on the translucent ring in the form of a press fit.
  • a protective filter is also advantageous in front of the optical transmitting and receiving unit, z. B. at the end of the shaft.
  • This can be, for example, an optically transmissive glass part.
  • the optical signal transmitter is a test emitter, for example a transmitting diode with a light guide rod.
  • a light rod has the advantage that a certain radiation characteristic is present, which facilitates the Spiegeljustage with punctiformity.
  • a LichtleitbĆ¼ndel be positioned to the evaluation, z.
  • the detector sell off and protect against high temperatures. This is advantageous if the electronics only for certain temperatures, eg. B. to 80 Ā° C, can be used and a thermal decoupling is required.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage that it consists of few parts and thus is inexpensive to produce, the received signals reliably reach a detector or an evaluation unit and at any time there is information on how transparent the optical window is, so that this quickly and easily can be replaced.
  • the FIG. 1 shows the apparatus for detecting and reporting of fire phenomena in schematic representation and in section, wherein only a part of the shaft 14 is shown.
  • the deflector 3 is connected directly to the reflector 9. Both parts are attached to the translucent ring 2.
  • the translucent ring 2 is fastened on its other side to the tube of the displacement body 1 by means of screw thread.
  • the other side of the displacement body 1 is closed by a closure cap 8, which is sealed and glued in the present case.
  • Through the cap 8 of the adjusting insert 4 is introduced and secured.
  • the adjusting insert 4 serves to adjust the concave mirror 6, which is mounted on a mirror mount 7.
  • the cylindrical pin 12 and the adjusting screw 11, which constitutes a grub screw, make it possible to set the mirror 6 in two directions.
  • the pivoting movement is achieved by adjusting the adjusting screw 5 relative to the spring 10, wherein the mirror 6 is rotated about the axis 13.
  • Mirror 6 and reflector 9 are provided with a gold coating, which has good reflection properties and does not corrode even at higher temperatures.
  • FIG. 2 shows the said device within a tube, wherein the assembly into the tube wall 23 with the insert 24, the adapter 25 and the connection to the detector 26 takes place.
  • a test emitter 18 is arranged, the signal 17 allows the inspection of the outside of the ring 2 for contamination.
  • the FIG. 3 shows the device when detecting and reporting fire phenomena 15, from which emanates an electromagnetic radiation 16, is reflected by the reflector 9 via the mirror 6 to the end of the shaft 14 and reaches the transmitting and receiving part 19.
  • the optical receiving unit 21 converts the received signal, passes it to the evaluation unit 27, z. As a detector, on and triggers an alarm if necessary.
  • a transmitting diode 18 is arranged as test emitter 18, which emits a fundamental signal 17 via the light-conducting rod 20.
  • the transmission takes place at regular intervals, for example every three seconds.
  • This signal will hit the tip of the reflector 9 if the mirror 6 is correctly adjusted.
  • the signal reflected back forms a measure of how transparent the ring 2 is.
  • an "all around" deflection takes place on the ring 2, whereby the surface of the ring 2 "aroundā€ is monitored by 360 Ā°. This is advantageous over a test from the outside, which only partially enters the ring 2 and tests the permeability only at the entrance surface.
  • the signal received by the transmitting and receiving part 19 is conditioned by the electronics of the evaluation unit 27 and given a signal for replacing the ring 2 when a certain value is exceeded.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung entsprechend den Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruches.The invention relates to a device according to the features of the first claim.

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Erkennen von potentiellen Feuer- bzw. ZĆ¼ndquellen insbesondere heiƟen Partikeln bzw. Funken in Transporteinheiten fĆ¼r brennbare Stoffe. Solche Einrichtungen finden insbesondere Verwendung zur Ɯberwachung des Inneren von Rohren und KanƤlen, in denen ein brennbares, aus StƤuben, FlĆ¼ssigkeiten oder Feststoffpartikeln bestehendes Transportgut in einer Fallstrecke oder mittels eines Fƶrderluftstroms transportiert wird.The invention relates to a device for detecting potential sources of fire or ignition, in particular hot particles or sparks in transport units for combustible substances. Such devices are used in particular for monitoring the interior of pipes and channels in which a flammable, consisting of dusts, liquids or solid particles transported in a fall distance or by means of a conveying air flow is transported.

Die Erfindung ist geeignet zum Einsatz in Fƶrderleitungen, in denen leicht entzĆ¼ndliche oder explosive, vorzugsweise staubfƶrmige Partikel pneumatisch transportiert werden.The invention is suitable for use in delivery lines in which highly flammable or explosive, preferably dust-like particles are transported pneumatically.

Um optische Feuererscheinungen in mit Feststoffpartikeln beladenen Fƶrderleitungen zu detektieren und einen Alarm auszulƶsen, sind unterschiedliche Mƶglichkeiten bekannt. In den meisten FƤllen wird eine optische Strahlung auf der Basis von UV- oder IR-Strahlung verwendet. Dazu sind Sensoren zur Branderkennung entweder in oder auƟerhalb der Wandung der Fƶrderleitung angeordnet oder aber in einem VerdrƤngungskƶrper, der sich innerhalb des Gasstromes befindet. Diese werden besonders dann eingesetzt, wenn die Geschwindigkeit des Gasstromes und seine Beladung mit Feststoffpartikeln hoch sind, so daƟ eine Ɯberwachung von der Rohrwand aus zu fehlerhaften Ergebnissen fĆ¼hrt. Das gleiche gilt fĆ¼r Rohre mit relativ groƟem Durchmesser.In order to detect optical fire phenomena in feed lines loaded with solid particles and to trigger an alarm, various possibilities are known. In most cases, optical radiation based on UV or IR radiation is used. For this purpose, sensors for fire detection are arranged either in or outside the wall of the delivery line or in a displacement body, which is located within the gas stream. These are used especially when the velocity of the gas stream and its loading with solid particles are high, so that monitoring from the pipe wall leads to erroneous results. The same applies to pipes with a relatively large diameter.

EP 1 422 675 A1 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung zur Entkopplung von staubbelasteten Anlagen mit Explosionsgefahr, bei der ein Sensor zum Erkennen von VerƤnderungen im explosionsgefƤhrdeten Raum auƟerhalb eines Entkopplungsfensters angeordnet ist, der mit einer Auswerteelektronik und Lƶscheinheiten verbunden ist. Zur Branderkennung werden Sensoren verwendet, die im Infrarot-, UV- und im Bereich des sichtbaren Lichtes arbeiten. EP 1 422 675 A1 describes a device for decoupling dust-laden systems with the risk of explosion, in which a sensor for detecting changes in the hazardous area outside a decoupling window is arranged, which is connected to an evaluation and Lƶoingheiten. For fire detection sensors are used, which work in the infrared, UV and in the visible light range.

EP 1 413 998 B1 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung zum Erkennen von Glimmnestern in einer pneumatischen Fƶrderleitung, bei der IR-Sensoren in einer langgestreckten HĆ¼lse angeordnet sind. Die IR-durchlƤssige HĆ¼lse ist mit zwei Befestigungen an einem in die Rohrleitung einsetzbaren Deckel angeordnet, wobei eine Aufnahmebuchse innerhalb der HĆ¼lse die IR-Sensoren trƤgt, wobei die Aufnahmebuchse aus zwei Teilen aufgebaut ist. Der VerdrƤngungskƶrper weist eine feste Anordnung gegenĆ¼ber der Wandung der Fƶrderleitung auf, besteht aus eine Vielzahl von Teilen und Ć¼bertrƤgt das durch die Sensoren im Inneren erfaƟte Signal auf eine Alarmierungseinrichtung auƟerhalb des VerdrƤngungskƶrpers. Der/die IR-Sensoren ist/sind in radialer Richtung zur Transporteinrichtung angeordnet und mit einer transparenten Abdeckung gegenĆ¼ber Verschmutzung oder BeschƤdigung geschĆ¼tzt. Nachteilig bei dieser Vorrichtung ist, daƟ der/die Sensoren in ihrem Temperatureinsatz sehr begrenzt sind. EP 1 413 998 B1 describes a device for detecting smoldering nests in a pneumatic conveying line, in which IR sensors are arranged in an elongate sleeve. The IR-permeable sleeve is disposed with two fasteners on a lid insertable into the tubing, with a receiving socket within the sleeve carrying the IR sensors, the receiving socket being constructed of two parts. Of the Displacement body has a fixed arrangement relative to the wall of the delivery line, consists of a plurality of parts and transmits the signal detected by the sensors inside to an alarm device outside the displacement body. The IR sensor (s) is / are located in the radial direction of the transport and protected with a transparent cover against contamination or damage. A disadvantage of this device is that the / the sensors are very limited in their temperature use.

Aus dem Dokument DE 4304890 A1 ist eine Ƥhnliche Vorrichtung wie beim Dokument EP 1 413 998 B1 zum Erkennen von heiƟen Teilen in einer pneumatischen Fƶrderleitung bekannt. Der Unterschied ist, die IR-Sensoren nicht durch eine transparente Abdeckung gegenĆ¼ber Verschmutzung oder BeschƤdigung geschĆ¼tzt ist/sind. Damit ist keine dauerhafte zuverlƤssige Erkennung potentiellen Feuer- bzw. ZĆ¼ndquellen mƶglich, da die Sensoren verschmutzen und die Gefahr einer BeschƤdigung durch den Fƶrderstrom gegeben ist.From the document DE 4304890 A1 is a similar device to the document EP 1 413 998 B1 for detecting hot parts in a pneumatic conveying line known. The difference is that IR sensors are not protected by a transparent cover against contamination or damage. Thus, no permanent reliable detection potential fire or ignition sources is possible because the sensors pollute and there is the risk of damage from the flow.

Aus dem Dokument US 3,824,392 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Erkennen von heiƟen Teilen in einer pneumatischen Fƶrderleitung bekannt, bei dem ein lichtintensiver Sensor mit einer kuppelfƶrmigen lichtdurchlƤssigen Kalotte, zum Schutz des Sensors, an der Rohrwandung montiert ist. Nachteilig bei dieser Vorrichtung ist, dass die Kalotte stark zur Verschmutzung neigt, aufgrund der Form und weil im Bereich der Rohrwandung die Strƶmungsgeschwindigkeit gering ist.From the document US 3,824,392 a device for detecting hot parts in a pneumatic conveying line is known in which a light-intensive sensor with a dome-shaped translucent dome, to protect the sensor, is mounted on the pipe wall. A disadvantage of this device is that the dome is prone to contamination, due to the shape and because in the region of the pipe wall, the flow rate is low.

Eine andere Einrichtung zum Melden von optischen Feuererscheinungen, insbesondere Funken, ist in DE 29 16 086 B2 beschrieben. Diese Einrichtung weist ebenfalls einen VerdrƤngungskƶrper innerhalb der Fƶrderleitung auf, wobei dieser aus zwei miteinander L-fƶrmig verbundenen senkrecht zueinander stehenden Schenkeln besteht, deren erster Schenkel mit den Befestigungsmitteln verbunden ist und deren anderer Schenkel sich in Strƶmungsrichtung des Luftstromes erstreckt und eine LichteintrittsflƤche am freien Ende aufweist. In den Schenkel eintretende IR-Strahlung wird mittels strahlungsleitenden bogenfƶrmig verlaufenden Fasern umgelenkt und einem Sensor zugefĆ¼hrt, der sich auƟerhalb der Rohrleitung befindet. Dieser Sensor ist mit einer geeigneten Auswerteelektronik gekoppelt, mit deren Hilfe ein Alarm auslƶsbar ist. Um einen Eintritt der Strahlung in den einen Schenkel der Vorrichtung zu realisieren, werden unterschiedliche Lƶsungen vorgeschlagen. Als Anwendungsbereich werden vor allem Fƶrderstrƶme fĆ¼r Holzbearbeitungsmaschinen genannt.Another device for reporting optical fire phenomena, in particular sparks, is in DE 29 16 086 B2 described. This device also has a displacement body within the conveying line, which consists of two mutually L-shaped connected perpendicular legs, the first leg is connected to the fastening means and the other leg extends in the flow direction of the air flow and a light entry surface at the free end having. In the leg entering IR radiation is deflected by means of radiation-guiding arcuately extending fibers and fed to a sensor which is located outside the pipeline. This sensor is coupled to a suitable transmitter, with the help of an alarm can be triggered. To realize an entry of the radiation in the one leg of the device, different solutions are proposed. As a field of application especially flow for woodworking machines are called.

Die vorgeschlagenen Lƶsungen haben entweder den Nachteil, daƟ sie aus einer Vielzahl von Einzelteilen bestehen, daƟ der Lichtwellenleiter nach der Einkoppelung die Ć¼bertragbare Strahlung mit starken Verlusten zum elektrischen Wandler leitet, daƟ der VerdrƤngungskƶrper gegen die Luftstrƶmung gerichtet ist, aber nicht aerodynamisch geformt ist und somit die Optik verschmutzt, oder daƟ das optische Fenster nicht auf Verschmutzung Ć¼berwacht ist und der Melder nicht auf FunktionsfƤhigkeit Ć¼berwacht wird.The proposed solutions either have the disadvantage that they consist of a large number of individual parts, that the optical waveguide passes after coupling the transmissible radiation with strong losses to the electrical converter, that the displacer is directed against the air flow, but not aerodynamically shaped and thus the optics are dirty, or that the optical window is not monitored for contamination and the detector is not monitored for operability.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zum Erkennen von Feuererscheinungen in Fƶrderleitungen zu entwickeln, in denen Feststoffpartikel transportiert werden, die aerodynamisch geformt ist, eine Ɯberwachung fĆ¼r Verschmutzung der Optik aufweist, eine sichere Ɯbertragung der Daten aus dem Materialstrom der Fƶrderleitung nach auƟen ermƶglicht und eine verbesserte FunktionsfƤhigkeit aufweist.It is therefore an object of the invention to develop a device for detecting fire phenomena in delivery lines, in which solid particles are transported, which is aerodynamically shaped, has a monitoring for contamination of the optics, enables secure transmission of data from the material flow of the delivery line to the outside and has improved functionality.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung nach den Merkmalen des ersten Patentanspruches gelƶst.This object is achieved by a device according to the features of the first claim.

UnteransprĆ¼che geben vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfinder wieder.Subclaims give advantageous embodiments of the inventors again.

Die in der Fƶrderleitung angeordnete Vorrichtung, bestehend aus einer optischen Erfassungseinheit, besteht aus einem transparenten zylindrischen Ring, aus optischen ReflexionsoberflƤchen, Justiereinheiten, statischen Elementen, um der optischen Erfassungseinheit StabilitƤt zu geben, optisch-elektrischem Wandler, elektronischer Auswerteeinheit, einer optischen VerschmutzungsĆ¼berwachung, die sich innerhalb oder auƟerhalb der zu Ć¼berwachenden Rohren und KanƤlen befinden kann, und einem Prallkƶrper, z. B. einem Abweiser, um den transparenten zylindrischen Ring vor BeschƤdigungen zu schĆ¼tzen.The arranged in the conveying line device, consisting of an optical detection unit consists of a transparent cylindrical ring, optical reflection surfaces, adjustment units, static elements to give the optical detection unit stability, optical-electrical converter, electronic evaluation unit, an optical pollution monitoring, the may be located inside or outside the pipes and channels to be monitored, and an impact body, for. As a deflector to protect the transparent cylindrical ring from damage.

Die erfindungsgemƤƟe Lƶsung sieht vor, daƟ der sich lƤngs der Fƶrderleitung erstreckende VerdrƤngungskƶrper auf einem Schaft angeordnet ist, der mit der Rohrwandung fest verbunden ist. Am einen Ende des VerdrƤngungskƶrpers ist ein aerodynamisch geformter Abweiser angeordnet, der strƶmungsmechanisch so gestaltet ist, daƟ er einen geringen Strƶmungswiderstand aufweist.The solution according to the invention provides that the displacement body extending along the delivery line is arranged on a shaft which is fixedly connected to the pipe wall. At one end of the displacement body an aerodynamically shaped deflector is arranged, which is fluidically designed so that it has a low flow resistance.

Vorstellbar ist es auch, an beiden Enden des VerdrƤngungskƶrpers Abweiser anzuordnen. Das hat dann Vorteile, wenn der Materialstrom in der Fƶrderleitung in unterschiedliche Richtungen flieƟt. Der Spiegel ist dann in etwa in der Mitte des VerdrƤngungskƶrpers so anzuordnen, daƟ er seine Umlenkfunktion erfĆ¼llt.It is also conceivable to arrange deflectors at both ends of the displacement body. This has advantages if the material flow in the delivery line flows in different directions. The mirror is then to be arranged approximately in the middle of the displacement body so that it fulfills its deflection function.

Unmittelbar nach dem Abweiser ist ein lichtdurchlƤssiger Ring angeordnet, in dessen Inneren sich ein Reflektor befindet. Im Bedarfsfall kann der Ring mit einem speziellen Material beschichtet sein, der eine wellenlƤngenselektierte Detektion ermƶglicht. Die Befestigung des lichtdurchlƤssigen Ringes kann mittels Gewinde, vorzugsweise einem metrischen Feingewinde, PreƟpassung oder Verkleben erfolgen. Vorteilhaft ist ein Gewinde fĆ¼r eine rasche Montage und Austauschbarkeit. Der verwendete Reflektor ist rotationssymmetrisch ausgefĆ¼hrt und hat einen sehr hohen Reflexions-Wirkungsgrad. Im VerdrƤngungskƶrper ist ein verstellbarer Spiegel angeordnet. Dieser ist so anzuordnen, daƟ er die Strahlung ins Innere des Schaftes reflektiert. Ein Funke oder eine ZĆ¼ndquelle innerhalb des Partikelstroms, der mit dem Gasstrom innerhalb des Rohres befƶrdert wird, sendet eine elektromagnetische oder optische Strahlung aus. Diese Strahlung gelangt durch den lichtdurchlƤssigen Ring zum Reflektor im Inneren des VerdrƤngungskƶrpers und wird von diesem Ć¼ber den verstellbaren Spiegel entlang des Schaftes zu einer optischen Empfangs- und Auswerteeinrichtung am Ende des Schaftes reflektiert.Immediately after the deflector, a translucent ring is arranged, in the interior of which a reflector is located. If necessary, the ring may be coated with a special material that allows for wavelength-selected detection. The attachment of the translucent ring can be done by means of thread, preferably a metric fine thread, press fit or gluing. A thread for rapid assembly and interchangeability is advantageous. The reflector used is rotationally symmetrical and has a very high reflection efficiency. In the displacement body an adjustable mirror is arranged. This is to be arranged so that it reflects the radiation into the interior of the shaft. A spark or ignition source within the particle stream that is carried with the gas flow within the tube emits electromagnetic or optical radiation. This radiation passes through the translucent ring to the reflector in the interior of the displacement body and is reflected by the latter via the adjustable mirror along the shaft to an optical receiving and evaluating device at the end of the shaft.

Vorteilhaft fĆ¼r die Beschichtung von Reflektor und Spiegel ist eine temperatur- und korrosionsbestƤndige Beschichtung mit hohem Reflexionsgrad. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich Gold als Beschichtungsmaterial erwiesen, zumal eine gute Reflexion im betrachteten WellenlƤngenbereich erreicht wird.Advantageous for the coating of reflector and mirror is a temperature and corrosion resistant coating with high reflectance. Gold has proved to be particularly advantageous as a coating material, especially since good reflection is achieved in the considered wavelength range.

Der Spiegel, der vorzugsweise eine konkave OberflƤche aufweist, ist Bestandteil eines Justiereinsatzes, der leicht montierbar und auswechselbar ist. Mit Hilfe des Justiereinsatzes ist der Spiegel Ć¼ber eine Dreh- oder Schwenkachse des Spiegelhalters, eine Feder und Stelleinrichtungen so verstellbar, daƟ die elektromagnetische Strahlung des Funkens oder der ZĆ¼ndquelle exakt und konzentriert auf die optische Empfangs- und Auswerteeinheit am Ende des Schaftes gelenkt werden kann.The mirror, which preferably has a concave surface, is part of a Justiereinsatzes that is easy to install and replaceable. With the aid of the adjusting insert of the mirror on a pivot axis of the mirror holder, a spring and adjusting devices is adjustable so that the electromagnetic radiation of the spark or the ignition source can be precisely and concentrated directed to the optical receiving and evaluation unit at the end of the shaft.

Vorteilhaft ist es, daƟ der Justiereinsatz auswechselbar im VerdrƤngungskƶrper angeordnet ist. Dazu befindet sich eine VerschluƟkappe, die verschraubbar ausgefĆ¼hrt sein kann, am VerdrƤngungskƶrper. Der Reflektor ist rotationssymmetrisch und kegelfƶrmig ausgebildet. Seine Ausbildung kann kegelfƶrmig konkav oder kegelfƶrmig konvex sein, wodurch sich der effektive Sichtwinkel vergrĆ¶ĆŸert oder verkleinert. Durch die konkave Ausgestaltung des Spiegels ist es mƶglich, die Strahlung gebĆ¼ndelt und konzentriert auf die optische Empfangs- und Auswerteeinheit zu lenken.It is advantageous that the adjustment is interchangeable arranged in the displacement body. For this purpose, there is a closure cap, which can be screwed, on the displacement body. The reflector is rotationally symmetrical and conical. Its design may be conical concave or conical convex, thereby increasing or decreasing the effective viewing angle. Due to the concave configuration of the mirror, it is possible to bundle the radiation concentrated and focused on the optical receiving and evaluating unit.

Als Stelleinrichtungen fĆ¼r den Spiegel sind Justierschrauben, Stellschrauben, beispielsweise Madenschrauben oder Zylinderstifte vorgesehen, wobei diese mit einer Feder, beispielsweise einer Schraubenfeder, zusammenwirken. Statt dieser AusfĆ¼hrung ist aber auch eine Einstelleinrichtung mit Schrauben und Gegenschrauben oder mit Schrauben mit ZugfƤhigkeit als Stelleinrichtung fĆ¼r den Spiegel mƶglich.As adjusting devices for the mirror adjusting screws, screws, such as set screws or cylindrical pins are provided, which cooperate with a spring, such as a coil spring. Instead of this design but also an adjustment with screws and counter screws or with screws with traction as adjusting device for the mirror is possible.

Das Ende des Schaftes fĆ¼hrt durch die Rohrwandung nach auƟen zu einer Auswerteeinheit, beispielsweise zu einem Melder, in dem die Signalauswertung vorgenommen wird. Der Spiegel wird in X-, Y- und Z-Richtung so eingestellt, daƟ die elektromagnetische Strahlung in das Zentrum des optisch-elektrischen Wandlers am Ende des Schaftes trifft. Die Stelleinrichtung des Spiegels kƶnnen Aktuatoren darstellen, die um den Spiegel angeordnet sind. Das kƶnnen Piezoelemente sein. Die am Ende des Schaftes angeordnete Empfangseinheit leitet das gewandelte Signal an eine Auswerteeinheit, beispielsweise einen Melder, weiter. Dabei kann es sich um eine Leiterplatte zur Auswertung des Signals handeln.The end of the shaft leads through the pipe wall to the outside to an evaluation, for example, to a detector in which the signal evaluation is performed. The mirror is adjusted in the X, Y and Z directions so that the electromagnetic radiation hits the center of the optical-to-electrical transducer at the end of the shaft. The adjusting device of the mirror can represent actuators which are arranged around the mirror. This can be piezo elements. The arranged at the end of the shaft receiving unit passes the converted signal to an evaluation, such as a detector, on. It may be a circuit board for evaluating the signal.

Am Schaft kƶnnen Mittel angeordnet sein, mit denen der Schaft in Richtung auf die Achse des Fƶrderrohres parallel zur Rohrwandung verstellbar ist. Andererseits kann der Schaft an einem Adapter angeordnet sind, der es erlaubt, den Schaft fest mit der Rohrwandung zu verbinden oder in diese einzusetzen.On the shaft means may be arranged with which the shaft is adjustable in the direction of the axis of the conveying pipe parallel to the pipe wall. On the other hand, the shaft can be arranged on an adapter, which allows to connect the shaft firmly to the pipe wall or to insert into this.

Um zu prĆ¼fen, ob der lichtdurchlƤssige Ring verschmutzt ist, besteht die Mƶglichkeit der Nutzung eines Testemitters, beispielsweise einer Sendediode. Diese kann fĆ¼r die PrĆ¼fung der Verschmutzung ein Signal in Richtung auf den lichtdurchlƤssigen Ring aussenden und das reflektierte Signal als MaƟ der Verschmutzung empfangen. Eine PrĆ¼fung von innen fĆ¼hrt aber nicht dazu, daƟ eine Verschmutzung durch dunkle Partikel auf der AuƟenseite des Ringes einwandfrei erkannt werden. Deshalb ist es vorteilhaft, auch eine PrĆ¼fung der Verschmutzung durch einen Testemitter von auƟen durchzufĆ¼hren, der beispielsweise an der Rohrwand montiert ist. Beide Mƶglichkeiten kƶnnen einzeln oder in Kombination angewandt werden. Das Aussenden des Signals kann kontinulerlich oder im Takt, zwischen einer und zehn Sekunden, erfolgen. Das zurĆ¼ckflieƟende Signal wird ausgewertet. Sobald festgestellt wird, daƟ der lichtdurchlƤssige Ring Ć¼ber ein bestimmtes MaƟ verschmutzt ist, kann durch die Auswerteeinheit ein betreffendes Signal zum Reinigen oder zum Wechseln des lichtdurchlƤssigen Ringes erfolgen. Bei richtiger Justage fƤllt das Signal auf die Spitze des Reflektors, wodurch die FlƤche des Ringes rundum, d. h. um 360 Grad Ć¼berwacht wird. Die Ɯberwachung erfolgt mit einem einzigen Detektor. Das ist besonders vorteilhaft gegenĆ¼ber Tests von auƟen, bei denen ein Strahl nur partiell in den Ring eintritt, wodurch nur die DurchlƤssigkeit an der EintrittsflƤche getestet wird.To check whether the translucent ring is dirty, there is the possibility of using a test emitter, such as a transmitting diode. This can emit a signal in the direction of the transparent ring for the examination of the pollution and receive the reflected signal as a measure of pollution. An examination from the inside does not lead to the fact that contamination by dark particles on the outside of the ring are recognized properly. Therefore, it is advantageous to carry out a contamination test by a test emitter from the outside, which is for example mounted on the pipe wall. Both options can be used individually or in combination. The transmission of the signal can be continuous or in time, between one and ten seconds. The returned signal is evaluated. Once it is determined that the translucent ring is contaminated to a certain extent, can be made by the evaluation a relevant signal to clean or to change the translucent ring. When properly adjusted, the signal falls to the top of the reflector, which monitors the surface of the ring all around, ie 360 degrees. The monitoring is done with a single detector. This is particularly advantageous over tests from the outside, where a jet only partially enters the ring, whereby only the permeability at the entrance surface is tested.

Es ist weiterhin vorteilhaft, den internen Test zur Spiegeljustage Ć¼ber die am Spiegel angeordneten Aktuatoren durchzufĆ¼hren, zu deren Verstellen man aus den Testantworten eine RegelgrĆ¶ĆŸe regeneriert, wodurch eine automatische optische Justage des Spiegels, beispielsweise im Lernmodus, mƶglich ist.It is furthermore advantageous to carry out the internal test for mirror adjustment via the actuators arranged on the mirror, for the adjustment of which a control variable is regenerated from the test responses, whereby an automatic optical adjustment of the mirror, for example in the learning mode, is possible.

Vorteilhaft ist es, den lichtdurchlƤssigen Ring aus Glas, Quarz, Kunststoff oder Saphir auszufĆ¼hren. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, den Abweiser mit glatter OberflƤche als StahlhĆ¼lse mit einer Gummi-, Teflon- oder Halarbeschichtung auszubilden, wobei der Reflektor auf der Gegenseite angeordnet ist und beide Teile baulich eine Einheit bilden kƶnnen. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, Reflektor und Abweiser direkt auf den lichtdurchlƤssigen Ring in Form einer PreƟpassung aufzustecken.It is advantageous to perform the translucent ring made of glass, quartz, plastic or sapphire. Furthermore, it is advantageous to design the deflector with a smooth surface as a steel sleeve with a rubber, Teflon or Halarbeschichtung, wherein the reflector is arranged on the opposite side and both parts structurally form a unit. It is advantageous aufzustecken reflector and deflector directly on the translucent ring in the form of a press fit.

Vorteilhaft ist es weiterhin, vor der optischen Sende- und Empfangseinheit, z. B. am Ende des Schaftes, einen Schutzfilter anzuordnen. Das kann beispielsweise ein optisch durchlƤssiges Glasteil sein. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der optische Signalgeber einen Testemitter, beispielsweise eine Sendediode mit einem Lichtleitstab, darstellt. Ein Lichtstab hat den Vorteil, daƟ eine bestimmte Abstrahlcharakteristik vorhanden ist, die bei Punktfƶrmigkeit die Spiegeljustage erleichtert. An den Schutzfilter kann ein LichtleitbĆ¼ndel positioniert werden, um die Auswerteeinheit, z. B. den Melder, abzusetzen und vor hohen Temperaturen zu schĆ¼tzen. Das ist dann vorteilhaft, wenn die Elektronik nur fĆ¼r bestimmte Temperaturen, z. B. bis 80 Ā°C, einsetzbar und eine thermische Entkopplung erforderlich ist.It is also advantageous in front of the optical transmitting and receiving unit, z. B. at the end of the shaft to arrange a protective filter. This can be, for example, an optically transmissive glass part. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the optical signal transmitter is a test emitter, for example a transmitting diode with a light guide rod. A light rod has the advantage that a certain radiation characteristic is present, which facilitates the Spiegeljustage with punctiformity. At the protective filter, a LichtleitbĆ¼ndel be positioned to the evaluation, z. As the detector, sell off and protect against high temperatures. This is advantageous if the electronics only for certain temperatures, eg. B. to 80 Ā° C, can be used and a thermal decoupling is required.

Die erfindungsgemƤƟe Vorrichtung hat den Vorteil, daƟ sie aus wenigen Teilen besteht und somit kostengĆ¼nstig herstellbar ist, die empfangenen Signale zuverlƤssig zu einem Melder oder einer Auswerteeinheit gelangen und jederzeit eine Information vorhanden ist, wie lichtdurchlƤssig das optische Fenster ist, so daƟ dieses schnell und unkompliziert ausgewechselt werden kann.The device according to the invention has the advantage that it consists of few parts and thus is inexpensive to produce, the received signals reliably reach a detector or an evaluation unit and at any time there is information on how transparent the optical window is, so that this quickly and easily can be replaced.

Weiterhln ist es vorteilhaft, daƟ durch einen StrahlungsempfƤnger im Zusammenhang mit der Vorrichtung zum Melden ein Winkel von 360 Grad mittels Detektor Ć¼berwacht wird, also fĆ¼r eine Rundum-Ɯberwachung nur eine einzige Auswerteeinheit erforderlich ist.Weiterhln it is advantageous that an angle of 360 degrees by means of a detector is monitored by a radiation receiver in connection with the device for reporting, so for an all-round monitoring only a single evaluation unit is required.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung an einem AusfĆ¼hrungsbeispiel und drei Figuren nƤher erlƤutert. Die Figuren zeigen:

Figur 1:
Vorrichtung zum Erfassen und Melden von Feuererscheinungen in Prinzipdarstellung und Schnitt.
Figur 2:
Vorrichtung aus Figur 1 innerhalb einer Fƶrderleitung mit IR-Sender und -empfƤnger mit Zusammenhang mit der Fƶrderleitung.
Figur 3:
Vorrichtung zum Erfassen und Melden von optischen Feuererscheinungen mit Ɯberwachungseinrichtung fĆ¼r das optische Fenster.
In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment and three figures. The figures show:
FIG. 1:
Device for detecting and reporting fire phenomena in schematic representation and section.
FIG. 2:
Device off FIG. 1 within a delivery line with IR transmitter and receiver associated with the delivery line.
FIG. 3:
Apparatus for detecting and reporting optical fire phenomena with monitoring device for the optical window.

Die Figur 1 zeigt die Vorrichtung zum Erfassen und Melden von Feuererscheinungen in Prinzipdarstellung und im Schnitt, wobei nur ein Teil des Schaftes 14 gezeigt ist. Der Abweiser 3 ist unmittelbar mit dem Reflektor 9 verbunden. Beide Teile sind am lichtdurchlƤssigen Ring 2 befestigt. Der lichtdurchlƤssige Ring 2 ist auf seiner anderen Seite am Rohr des VerdrƤngungskƶrpers 1 mittels Schraubgewinde befestigt. Die andere Seite des VerdrƤngungskƶrpers 1 ist durch eine VerschluƟkappe 8 verschlossen, die abdichtend und im vorliegenden Fall aufgeklebt ist. Durch die VerschluƟkappe 8 wird der Justiereinsatz 4 eingebracht und befestigt. Der Justiereinsatz 4 dient dazu, den konkaven Spiegel 6 zu justieren, der auf einer Spiegelhalterung 7 befestigt ist. Der Zylinderstift 12 und die Stellschraube 11, die eine Madenschraube darstellt, erlauben es, den Spiegel 6 in zwei Richtungen einzustellen. Die Schwenkbewegung wird durch Verstellen der Justierschraube 5 gegenĆ¼ber der Feder 10 erreicht, wobei der Spiegel 6 um die Achse 13 gedreht wird. Damit besteht nach Einbau die Mƶglichkeit einer exakten Justierung des Spiegels 6 in X-, Y- und Z-Richtung. Spiegel 6 und Reflektor 9 sind mit einer Goldbeschichtung versehen, die gute Reflexionseigenschaften aufweist und auch bei hƶheren Temperaturen nicht korrodiert.The FIG. 1 shows the apparatus for detecting and reporting of fire phenomena in schematic representation and in section, wherein only a part of the shaft 14 is shown. The deflector 3 is connected directly to the reflector 9. Both parts are attached to the translucent ring 2. The translucent ring 2 is fastened on its other side to the tube of the displacement body 1 by means of screw thread. The other side of the displacement body 1 is closed by a closure cap 8, which is sealed and glued in the present case. Through the cap 8 of the adjusting insert 4 is introduced and secured. The adjusting insert 4 serves to adjust the concave mirror 6, which is mounted on a mirror mount 7. The cylindrical pin 12 and the adjusting screw 11, which constitutes a grub screw, make it possible to set the mirror 6 in two directions. The pivoting movement is achieved by adjusting the adjusting screw 5 relative to the spring 10, wherein the mirror 6 is rotated about the axis 13. Thus, after installation, the possibility of an exact adjustment of the mirror 6 in the X, Y and Z direction. Mirror 6 and reflector 9 are provided with a gold coating, which has good reflection properties and does not corrode even at higher temperatures.

Die Figur 2 zeigt die genannte Vorrichtung innerhalb eines Rohres, wobei die Montage in die Rohrwandung 23 mit dem Einsatz 24, dem Adapter 25 und der Verbindung zum Melder 26 erfolgt. Die Auswerteeinheit 27, ein Melder, ist auƟerhalb des Rohres angeordnet, wobei der Schaft 14 ins Rohrinnere fĆ¼hrt. An der Auswerteeinheit 27 ist ein Testemitter 18 angeordnet, dessen Signal 17 die ƜberprĆ¼fung der AuƟenseite des Ringes 2 auf Verschmutzung ermƶglicht.The FIG. 2 shows the said device within a tube, wherein the assembly into the tube wall 23 with the insert 24, the adapter 25 and the connection to the detector 26 takes place. The evaluation unit 27, a detector, is arranged outside the tube, wherein the shaft 14 leads into the tube interior. At the evaluation unit 27, a test emitter 18 is arranged, the signal 17 allows the inspection of the outside of the ring 2 for contamination.

Die Figur 3 zeigt die Vorrichtung beim Erfassen und Melden von Feuererscheinungen 15, von denen eine elektromagnetische Strahlung 16 ausgeht, vom Reflektor 9 Ć¼ber den Spiegel 6 zum Ende des Schaftes 14 reflektiert wird und zum Sende- und Empfangsteil 19 gelangt. Die optische Empfangseinheit 21 wandelt das erhaltene Signal, leitet es an die Auswerteeinheit 27, z. B. einen Melder, weiter und lƶst gegebenenfalls einen Alarm aus.The FIG. 3 shows the device when detecting and reporting fire phenomena 15, from which emanates an electromagnetic radiation 16, is reflected by the reflector 9 via the mirror 6 to the end of the shaft 14 and reaches the transmitting and receiving part 19. The optical receiving unit 21 converts the received signal, passes it to the evaluation unit 27, z. As a detector, on and triggers an alarm if necessary.

Zum PrĆ¼fen des Verschmutzungsgrades des lichtdurchlƤssigen Ringes 2 ist als Testemitter 18 eine Sendediode angeordnet, die ein Grundsignal 17 Ć¼ber den Lichtleitstab 20 aussendet. Das Aussenden erfolgt in regelmƤƟigen AbstƤnden, beispielsweise alle drei Sekunden. Dieses Signal trifft bei richtiger Einstellung des Spiegels 6 auf die Spitze des Reflektors 9. Das zurĆ¼ckreflektierte Signal bildet ein MaƟ dafĆ¼r, wie lichtdurchlƤssig der Ring 2 ist. Bei richtiger Justage auf die Spitze des Reflektors 9 erfolgt eine "rundherum" Ablenkung auf den Ring 2, wodurch die FlƤche des Ringes 2 "rundherum" um 360Ā° Ć¼berwacht wird. Das ist vorteilhaft gegenĆ¼ber einem Test von auƟen, der nur partiell in den Ring 2 eintritt und die DurchlƤssigkeit nur an der EintrittsflƤche testet. Das vom Sende- und Empfangsteil 19 empfangene Signal wird von der Elektronik der Auswerteeinheit 27 aufbereitet und bei Ɯberschreiten eines bestimmten Wertes ein Signal zum Auswechseln des Ringes 2 gegeben.To test the degree of soiling of the transparent ring 2, a transmitting diode 18 is arranged as test emitter 18, which emits a fundamental signal 17 via the light-conducting rod 20. The transmission takes place at regular intervals, for example every three seconds. This signal will hit the tip of the reflector 9 if the mirror 6 is correctly adjusted. The signal reflected back forms a measure of how transparent the ring 2 is. With proper adjustment to the top of the reflector 9, an "all around" deflection takes place on the ring 2, whereby the surface of the ring 2 "around" is monitored by 360 Ā°. This is advantageous over a test from the outside, which only partially enters the ring 2 and tests the permeability only at the entrance surface. The signal received by the transmitting and receiving part 19 is conditioned by the electronics of the evaluation unit 27 and given a signal for replacing the ring 2 when a certain value is exceeded.

Claims (16)

  1. A device for detecting and signaling a fire phenomenon, more specifically sparks (15) in a gas stream, possibly laden with solid particles, flowing through a feed pipe, by means of a displacer extending longitudinally in the direction of flow of the feed pipe, consisting of
    - the displacer (1) disposed on a shaft (14)
    - at least one deflector (3) disposed at the end of the displacer (1) in front of a light-transmissive ring (2), inside which a reflector (9) is disposed,
    - an adjustable mirror (6) inside the displacer (1) by way of which an electromagnetic radiation (16) is reflected into the inside of the shaft (14) and
    - an optical reception (21) and evaluation unit (27) at the end of the shaft, characterized in that a basic signal (17) is directed via the mirror (6) and the point of the reflector (9) to the light-transmissive ring (2), whereby said ring is monitored at 360 degrees with regard to light-transmission as a measure of the pollution.
  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mirror (6) constitutes a component of an adjustment insert (4) consisting of a rotation or swiveling axis (13), a mirror support (7), a spring (10) and adjustment arrangements (5, 10, 11, 12).
  3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjustment insert (4) is attached in an exchangeable manner.
  4. The device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mirror (6) is concave and adjustable around the axis (13) by means of adjustment arrangements (5, 10, 11, 12).
  5. The device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reflector (9) is conical, conically concave or conically convex.
  6. The device according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that an optical signal transmitter is disposed at the end of the shaft (14).
  7. The device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the optical signal transmitter constitutes a transmitting diode (18) with a light conducting rod (20).
  8. The device according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a protective filter (22) is disposed in front of the optical receiver unit (21).
  9. The device according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that adjusting devices (25) for adjusting the shaft (14) are disposed on the shaft (14).
  10. The device according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the light-transmissive ring (2) is made of glass, quartz, plastic or sapphire and is screwed to its adjacent components (3, 1).
  11. The device according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the deflector (3) is configured as a steel casing with a smooth surface, on the other side of which the light-transmissive ring (2) and the reflector (9) are disposed.
  12. The device according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the deflector (3) is designed with an anti-adhesive surface, such as a rubber, Teflon or Halar coating.
  13. The device according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that actuators are disposed for adjusting the mirror (6).
  14. The device according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a test emitter (18) is disposed outside or inside the pipe wall (27).
  15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that the test emitter (18) is disposed on the evaluation unit (27).
  16. The device according to claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the reflector (9) and the mirror (6) are coated with gold for reflection.
EP09005581A 2009-04-21 2009-04-21 Device for recognising and reporting sparks of combustible materials Not-in-force EP2244237B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09005581A EP2244237B1 (en) 2009-04-21 2009-04-21 Device for recognising and reporting sparks of combustible materials
CA2701242A CA2701242A1 (en) 2009-04-21 2010-04-20 Device for recognizing and reporting fire phenomena with combustible materials
CN201010167068A CN101872528A (en) 2009-04-21 2010-04-20 Be used for equipment that the condition of a fire that has combustible material is discerned and reported to the police
RU2010115742/08A RU2010115742A (en) 2009-04-21 2010-04-20 DEVICE FOR RECOGNITION AND SIGNALING OF FIRE EMISSION IN FUEL MATERIALS
US12/799,187 US20100265510A1 (en) 2009-04-21 2010-04-20 Device for recognizing and reporting fire phenomena with combustible materials

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP09005581A EP2244237B1 (en) 2009-04-21 2009-04-21 Device for recognising and reporting sparks of combustible materials

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EP2244237A1 EP2244237A1 (en) 2010-10-27
EP2244237B1 true EP2244237B1 (en) 2012-07-04

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EP (1) EP2244237B1 (en)
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DE2916086C3 (en) * 1979-04-20 1981-10-22 Preussag Ag Feuerschutz, 2060 Bad Oldesloe Device for reporting optical fire phenomena, in particular sparks
DE3017144C2 (en) * 1980-05-05 1984-09-27 Preussag Ag Feuerschutz, 2060 Bad Oldesloe Device for reporting optical fire phenomena, in particular sparks
US4547673A (en) * 1983-01-10 1985-10-15 Detector Electronics Corporation Smoke and flame detector
CH684552A5 (en) 1992-04-27 1994-10-14 Jossi Hans Praezisionsmechanik Method and apparatus for determining a measured quantity of a flowing in a pipeline medium.
JP2002223019A (en) * 2001-01-24 2002-08-09 Rion Co Ltd Laser oscillator and light-scattering type particle- detecting apparatus using the same
DE10249743A1 (en) 2002-10-25 2004-05-06 Forschungsgesellschaft fĆ¼r angewandte Systemsicherheit und Arbeitsmedizin e.V. Device for detecting smoldering nests
DE20218136U1 (en) 2002-11-21 2003-03-06 Minimax Gmbh, 23843 Bad Oldesloe Spark extinguishing system for moving dust-like particles
AR062764A1 (en) * 2006-11-06 2008-12-03 Victaulic Co Of America METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING CANARY NETWORKS EQUIPPED WITH SPRAYERS

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RU2010115742A (en) 2011-10-27
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EP2244237A1 (en) 2010-10-27
CA2701242A1 (en) 2010-10-21

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