EP2241641B1 - Method for manufacturing press hardened components - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing press hardened components Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2241641B1
EP2241641B1 EP20100002910 EP10002910A EP2241641B1 EP 2241641 B1 EP2241641 B1 EP 2241641B1 EP 20100002910 EP20100002910 EP 20100002910 EP 10002910 A EP10002910 A EP 10002910A EP 2241641 B1 EP2241641 B1 EP 2241641B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
component
press
temperature
hot
hardened
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Not-in-force
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EP20100002910
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2241641A3 (en
EP2241641A2 (en
Inventor
Martin Pohl
Michael Wibbeke
Wilfried Rostek
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D35/00—Combined processes according to or processes combined with methods covered by groups B21D1/00 - B21D31/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88—Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
    • C21D8/0257—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing
    • C21D8/0405—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von pressgehärteten Bauteilen, insbesondere Karosseriebauteilen von Kraftfahrzeugen, aus einer Platine aus ungehärtetem, warmumformbaren Stahlblech, bei dem die Platine in einem Pressenwerkzeug zum Blechprofil warm umgeformt und gehärtet wird, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing press-hardened components, in particular body parts of motor vehicles, from a blank of uncured, hot-forming steel sheet, in which the board is hot formed and hardened in a press tool for sheet metal profile, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Durch die DE 24 52 486 A1 zählt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gehärteten Blechprofils aus einer Platine in einem Presshärtverfahren zum Stand der Technik. Hierbei wird eine aus einem härtbarem Stahl bestehende Platine auf Härtetemperatur erhitzt und dann in einem Pressenwerkzeug warm umgeformt und anschließend gehärtet, während das Blechprofil im Pressenwerkzeug verbleibt. Da das Blechprofil bei der im Zuge des Härtungsvorgangs vorgenommenen Kühlung im Pressenwerkzeug eingespannt ist, erhält man ein Produkt mit guter Maßhaltigkeit.By the DE 24 52 486 A1 includes a method for producing a hardened sheet metal profile from a board in a prior art press hardening process. In this case, a board made of a hardenable steel is heated to hardening temperature and then hot-formed in a press tool and then hardened while the sheet-metal profile remains in the press tool. Since the sheet metal profile is clamped in the press tool during cooling in the course of the curing process, a product with good dimensional stability is obtained.

Das Warmumformen und Härten im Pressenwerkzeug ist aufgrund der Kombination von Umform- und Vergütungsvorgang in einem Werkzeug eine rationelle Arbeitsweise.Hot forming and tempering in the press tool is a rational operation due to the combination of forming and tempering operation in a tool.

Die WO 2008/024042 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von pressgehärteten Bauteilen, insbesondere Karosseriebauteilen aus einer Platine aus ungehärtetem, warmumformbaren Stahlblech, wobei die Platine in einem Presswerkzeug zum Blechprofil warmumgeformt und gehärtet wird, wobei zunächst eine Platine gefertigt wird, deren Geometrie im Wesentlichen der Abwicklung des fertigen Bauteils entspricht und anschließend die Platine in einem Warmumform-Werkzeug zum Bauteil umgeformt und pressgehärtet wird, wonach das Bauteil mit einer Oberflächenbeschichtung versehen wird.The WO 2008/024042 A1 discloses a method for producing press-hardened components, in particular body components from a blank of uncured, hot-forming steel sheet, wherein the board is hot-formed and hardened in a press tool to the sheet profile, wherein first a board is made whose geometry substantially corresponds to the settlement of the finished component and then the board is formed in a hot forming tool to the component and press-hardened, after which the component is provided with a surface coating.

Zum Stand der Technik zählt weiterhin durch die EP 1 195 208 A2 ein Verfahren zum Herstellen lokal verstärkter Blechumformteile, bei dem ein aus einem Basisblech und einem kleineren, lokal angeordneten Verstärkungsblech bestehendes Verbundblech in einem Warmumform-Werkzeug umgeformt und pressgehärtet wird.The state of the art continues to count by the EP 1 195 208 A2 a method for producing locally reinforced sheet metal formed parts, in which a composite sheet consisting of a base sheet and a smaller, locally arranged reinforcing sheet is formed in a hot forming tool and press-hardened.

Vor diesem Hintergrund beschreibt auch die WO 2005/018848 A1 solche Verfahren, bei denen entweder zunächst durch einen Kaltumformvorgang, insbesondere einem Ziehvorgang, ein Bauteilrohling geformt wird, der anschließend randseitig auf eine dem herzustellenden Bauteil näherungsweise entsprechende Randkontur beschnitten wird, oder aber der pressgehärtete Bauteilrohling wird nach dem Umform- und Härtungsvorgang randseitig auf eine dem herzustellenden Bauteil entsprechende Randkontur beschnitten. In einem nachfolgenden Schritt werden die pressgehärteten Bauteilrohlinge mit einer Korrosionsschutzschicht überzogen.Against this background also describes the WO 2005/018848 A1 Such methods, in which either a first cold forming operation, in particular a drawing process, a component blank is formed, which is then marginally trimmed on a component to be produced approximately corresponding edge contour, or the press-hardened component blank is after the forming and curing process edge on a the to be produced component corresponding edge contour cropped. In a subsequent step, the press-hardened component blanks are coated with a corrosion protection layer.

Generell werden die Profilbauteile aus Stahlblech, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugbauteil, mit einer Oberflächenbeschichtung zum Schutz gegen Korrosion versehen. Hierbei ist es bekannt, die Oberflächenbeschichtung mit einem thermischen Diffusionsverfahren auf das Bauteil aufzubringen. Auch dies ist unter anderem in der WO 2005/018848 A1 erläutert. Vorzugsweise wird als Oberflächenbeschichtung eine Schicht aus Zink oder einer Zinklegierung aufgebracht.In general, the profile components made of sheet steel, in particular motor vehicle component, are provided with a surface coating for protection against corrosion. It is known to apply the surface coating to the component by means of a thermal diffusion method. This too is among others in the WO 2005/018848 A1 explained. Preferably, a layer of zinc or a zinc alloy is applied as a surface coating.

Der Erfindung liegt ausgehend vom Stand der Technik die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Vorgehensweise bei der Herstellung von pressgehärteten Bauteilen weiter zu rationalisieren.The invention is based on the object of the prior art to further streamline the approach in the production of press-hardened components.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe besteht nach der Erfindung in einem Verfahren gemäß den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1.The solution to this problem consists according to the invention in a method according to the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 10.Advantageous developments and refinements of the method according to the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims 2 to 10.

Erfindungsgemäß wird als Ausgangsprodukt des herzustellenden Kraftfahrzeugbauteils eine Platine gefertigt mit einer Geometrie, die im Wesentlichen der Abwicklung des fertigen Bauteils entspricht. Die Geometrie der konfektionierten Platine entspricht der Abwicklung des fertigen Bauteils unter Berücksichtigung von geometrischen Veränderungen am Bauteil durch den Umformvorgang. Anschließend wird diese konfektionierte Platine in einem Warmumform-Werkzeug zum Bauteil umgeformt und pressgehärtet, wonach das Bauteil mit einer Oberflächenbeschichtung versehen wird. Das umgeformte und pressgehärtete Bauteil hat nach dem Umformvorgang die Endgeometrie. Auf diese Weise können in rationeller Weise Kraftfahrzeug-Bauteile hergestellt werden, ohne dass an dem hergestellten Bauteil oder auch Bauteil-Rohlingen randseitige Beschnittoperationen vorgenommen werden müssen.According to the invention, as the starting product of the motor vehicle component to be produced, a printed circuit board is produced having a geometry which substantially corresponds to the unwinding of the finished component. The geometry of the assembled board corresponds to the development of the finished component taking into account geometric changes to the component by the forming process. Subsequently, this prefabricated board is formed in a hot forming tool to the component and press-hardened, after which the component is provided with a surface coating. The formed and press-hardened component has the final geometry after the forming process. In this way, motor vehicle components can be produced in a rational manner, without having to make edge-side trimming operations on the manufactured component or component blanks.

Beim Presshärten wird das Bauteil zum Zwecke des Härtens im Warmumform-Werkzeug eingespannt abgekühlt. Durch diese aktive Kühlmaßnahme wird die Temperatur des Bauteils abgesenkt, und zwar auf einen Temperatur kleiner oder gleich von 300 °C, vorzugsweise auf eine Temperatur zwischen 180 °C und 300 °C, insbesondere auf ca. 200 °C. Bei diesem Temperaturbereich kann ein Verziehen des umgeformten und pressgehärteten Bauteils vermieden werden.During press hardening, the component is cooled down in the hot forming tool for the purpose of hardening. By this active cooling measure, the temperature of the component is lowered, to a temperature less than or equal to 300 ° C, preferably to a temperature between 180 ° C and 300 ° C, in particular to about 200 ° C. At this temperature range, warping of the deformed and press-hardened component can be avoided.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, die aus dem Warmumformvorgang noch vorhandene Restwärme des Bauteils zu nutzen und mit dieser Starttemperatur bzw. Zwischentemperatur in den Beschichtungsvorgang zu gehen. Das umgeformte und pressgehärtete Bauteil wird dann mit der Temperatur, die es nach dem Verlassen des Warmumform-Werkzeugs hat und die erfindungsgemäß zwischen 180 °C und 300 °C, insbesondere bei ca. 200 °C liegt, in den Beschichtungsprozess überführt. Dies führt zu einer weiteren Steigerung der Effizienz des Verfahrens und verkürzt die Zeit für die Wärmebehandlung im Rahmen des Vorgangs der Oberflächenbeschichtung.In the context of the invention, it is provided to use the residual heat of the component still present from the hot-forming process and to go into the coating process with this starting temperature or intermediate temperature. The formed and press-hardened component is then transferred into the coating process at the temperature which it has after leaving the hot-forming tool and which lies between 180 ° C. and 300 ° C., in particular at about 200 ° C., according to the invention. This leads to a further increase in the efficiency of the process and shortens the time for the heat treatment in the context of the surface coating process.

Vorzugsweise wird die Oberflächenbeschichtung des pressgehärteten Bauteils durch einen Diffusionsprozess mit einer Wärmebehandlung des Bauteils aufgebracht, bei dem das Bauteil mit einem Metallpulver in Kontakt gebracht wird. Das Profilbauteil wird hierbei über einen Zeitraum von 0,25 h bis 3,0 h einer Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur zwischen 350 °C und 410 °C unterzogen, wobei durch einen Diffusionsprozess zwischen dem Stahlblech und dem Metallpulver feste, stoffschlüssige Eisen-Zink-Legierungsschichten ausgebildet werden mit einer Schichtdicke zwischen 5 µm und 40 µm.Preferably, the surface coating of the press-hardened component is applied by a diffusion process with a heat treatment of the component, in which the component is brought into contact with a metal powder. The profile component is in this case over a period of 0.25 h to 3.0 h of a heat treatment at subjected to a temperature between 350 ° C and 410 ° C, wherein by a diffusion process between the steel sheet and the metal powder solid, cohesive iron-zinc alloy layers are formed with a layer thickness between 5 microns and 40 microns.

Auf diese Weise können die dreidimensional geformten Bauteile, insbesondere Karosseriebauteile wie B-Säulen, Türaufprallträger oder Seitenschweller, mit einer qualitativ hochwerten, langlebigen Beschichtung versehen werden, die einerseits einen hohen Korrosionsschutz gewährleistet und andererseits auch schweißbar ist. Die Profilbauteile können beschichtet werden, ohne nachteilige Festigkeitsverluste durch die Wärmebehandlung zu erleiden.In this way, the three-dimensionally shaped components, in particular body components such as B-pillars, door impact beams or side skirts, can be provided with a high-quality, durable coating, which on the one hand ensures high corrosion protection and on the other hand is weldable. The profile components can be coated without incurring adverse strength losses due to the heat treatment.

Vorliegend kommt in erster Linie ein Metallpulver mit dem Hauptbestandteil Zink bzw. Zinkoxid zur Anwendung, welches gegebenenfalls Additive zur Verbesserung der chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften der Beschichtung enthält. Die erzeugte Oberflächenbeschichtung ist gleichmäßig und relativ duktil.In the present case, primarily a metal powder with the main constituent zinc or zinc oxide is used, which optionally contains additives for improving the chemical and physical properties of the coating. The surface coating produced is uniform and relatively ductile.

Vor dem Beschichten werden die pressgehärteten Profilbauteile einer Oberflächenbehandlung unterzogen. Hierbei findet eine Reinigung der Profilbauteile statt, so dass die Profilbauteile metallisch blank sind. Dies kann beispielsweise durch einen Beizvorgang erfolgen. Bevorzugt ist eine Trockenreinigung, insbesondere ein Sandstrahlen.Before coating, the press-hardened profile components are subjected to a surface treatment. Here, a cleaning of the profile components takes place, so that the profile components are metallic blank. This can be done for example by a pickling. Preference is given to a dry cleaning, in particular sand blasting.

Die Dicke der Beschichtung hängt maßgeblich von der Temperatur und der Behandlungszeit ab. Im Rahmen der Erfindung erfolgt die Wärmebehandlung - wie erwähnt - bei einer Temperatur zwischen 350 °C und 410 °C, insbesondere in einem Temperaturbereich von 370 °C bis 400 °C, vorzugsweise bei circa 380 °C.The thickness of the coating depends largely on the temperature and the treatment time. In the context of the invention, the heat treatment is carried out - as mentioned - at a temperature between 350 ° C and 410 ° C, in particular in a temperature range from 370 ° C to 400 ° C, preferably at about 380 ° C.

Die Wärmebehandlung teilt sich auf in eine Aufheizphase bis zum Erreichen der Behandlungstemperatur und in eine Haltephase, in der die Behandlungstemperatur über einen bestimmten Zeitraum gehalten wird. Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich die Aufheizphase über einen Zeitraum, der kürzer oder gleich 0,25 h ist. In bestimmten Fällen ist es denkbar, dass die Wärmebehandlung nach der Aufheizphase beendet ist. Grundsätzlich kann daher von einer Haltephase ausgegangen werden, die sich über einen Zeitraum von 0 h bis 2 h erstreckt. Die Haltetemperatur liegt in dem angegebenen Temperaturbereich oberhalb von 350 °C.The heat treatment is divided into a heating phase until reaching the treatment temperature and a holding phase in which the treatment temperature is maintained for a certain period of time. Preferably, the heating phase extends over a period of time that is less than or equal to 0.25 hours. In certain cases, it is conceivable that the heat treatment is completed after the heating phase. Basically, therefore, it can be assumed that a holding phase, the over a period of 0 h to 2 h. The holding temperature is in the specified temperature range above 350 ° C.

Nach Abschluss des Beschichtungsvorgangs bzw. der Wärmebehandlung werden die beschichteten Profilbauteile gleichmäßig abgekühlt. Zur Rationalisierung sollte der Abkühlvorgang weniger als 1 h betragen.After completion of the coating process or the heat treatment, the coated profile components are cooled uniformly. For rationalization, the cooling should be less than 1 h.

Die Abkühlung kann grundsätzlich an Luft erfolgen. Vorzugsweise erfolgt eine Abkühlung aktiv durch eine Beaufschlagung der beschichteten Profilbauteile mit einem Kühlmedium. Als besonders zweckmäßig wird im Rahmen der Erfindung eine aktive Kühlung durch Beaufschlagung der beschichteten Profilbauteile mit einem Kühlmedium angesehen, bei der die beschichteten Bauteile nach der Wärmebehandlung bis auf eine Temperatur ≤ 300 °C, vorzugsweise auf eine Temperatur zwischen 180 °C und 300 °C, insbesondere ca. 200 °C abgekühlt werden. Ziel bei dieser aktiven Kühlmaßnahme ist es, eine Oxidschichtbildung an der Oberfläche der beschichteten Bauteile zu vermeiden. Als Kühlmedium kommt Schutz- bzw. Inertgas bevorzugt zur Anwendung. Insbesondere erfolgt die Abkühlung unter einer Inertgas-Atmosphäre, also in dem Behandlungsraum, in dem die Bauteile mit dem Metallpulver in Kontakt gebracht werden und die Oberflächenbeschichtung erzeugt wird.The cooling can basically be done in air. Preferably, a cooling takes place actively by applying the coated profile components with a cooling medium. In the context of the invention, active cooling by applying the coated profile components to a cooling medium is considered particularly expedient, in which the coated components after the heat treatment up to a temperature ≤ 300 ° C, preferably to a temperature between 180 ° C and 300 ° C. , in particular about 200 ° C are cooled. The aim of this active cooling measure is to avoid oxide layer formation on the surface of the coated components. Protective or inert gas is preferably used as the cooling medium. In particular, the cooling takes place under an inert gas atmosphere, ie in the treatment space in which the components are brought into contact with the metal powder and the surface coating is produced.

Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt der gesamte randseitige Konturbeschnitt an der Ausgangsplatine vor dem Presshärten. Nach dem Umformen und/oder Presshärten wird kein randseitiger Konturbeschnitt ausgeführt. Möglich ist es aber, dass die Platine vor dem Umformen oder auch nach dem Umformen gelocht wird.According to the invention, the entire edge contour cutting on the output board before the press hardening. After forming and / or press hardening, no edge-side contour cutting is carried out. It is possible, however, that the board is punched before forming or after forming.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es weiterhin möglich, dass Verfahren bzw. die Presshärtung so durchzuführen, dass am umgeformten und pressgehärteten Bauteil Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Festigkeiten entstehen. Dies kann durch eine geeignete Temperatursteuerung der Presshärtung erfolgen, beispielsweise in einem Warmumform-Werkzeug, in dem Zonen mit unterschiedlichen Abkühlgradienten vorgesehen sind.In the context of the invention, it is furthermore possible to carry out the method or press hardening in such a way that regions with different strengths are formed on the formed and press-hardened component. This can be done by a suitable temperature control of the press-hardening, for example in a hot-forming tool, in which zones with different cooling gradients are provided.

Claims (10)

  1. Method for manufacturing press-hardened components, particularly vehicle body components, from a plate of unhardened, hot-formable sheet steel, wherein the plate is hot-formed and hardened in a pressing tool to form a sheet metal profile, thereby initially producing a plate, the geometry of which essentially corresponds to the blank of the finished component, and the plate is subsequently re-shaped in a hot forming tool to produce the component, which is press-hardened, after which the component is provided with a surface coating, characterised in that during the press-hardening the component is cooled to a temperature of less than or equal to (≤) 300 °C, preferably to a temperature of between 180° and 300°C, particularly about 200°C, and the hot-formed, press-hardened component is then transferred into the coating process at the temperature which it has after leaving the hot-forming tool, which is between 180°C and 300°C, particularly about 200°C.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the surface coating is applied by a diffusion process including a heat treatment of the component, wherein the component is brought into contact with a metal powder.
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the diffusion process is carried out at a temperature between 350°C and 410°C.
  4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the heat treatment is carried out over a period of from 0.25 h to 3.0 h.
  5. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the coated component is cooled after the heat treatment.
  6. Method according to claim 5, characterised in that the cooling of the component is carried out under an inert gas atmosphere.
  7. Method according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that, after the heat treatment, the coated component is cooled to a temperature of less than or equal to (≤) 300 °C, preferably to a temperature of between 180° and 300°C, particularly about 200°C.
  8. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the plate is perforated before the forming process.
  9. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the plate is perforated after the forming process.
  10. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the press hardening is carried out such that regions of different strengths are formed on the component.
EP20100002910 2009-04-16 2010-03-19 Method for manufacturing press hardened components Not-in-force EP2241641B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102009017326A DE102009017326A1 (en) 2009-04-16 2009-04-16 Process for producing press-hardened components

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EP2241641A2 EP2241641A2 (en) 2010-10-20
EP2241641A3 EP2241641A3 (en) 2012-05-02
EP2241641B1 true EP2241641B1 (en) 2015-04-29

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EP (1) EP2241641B1 (en)
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ES (1) ES2538341T3 (en)

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DE102013214250A1 (en) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-22 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Press-hardened sheet metal component with perforation and method for its production
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Publication number Publication date
EP2241641A3 (en) 2012-05-02
US20100319426A1 (en) 2010-12-23
DE102009017326A1 (en) 2010-10-21
US9822421B2 (en) 2017-11-21
EP2241641A2 (en) 2010-10-20
ES2538341T3 (en) 2015-06-19

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