EP2239535A1 - Schlagzündvorrichtung für eine Munition - Google Patents

Schlagzündvorrichtung für eine Munition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2239535A1
EP2239535A1 EP10290186A EP10290186A EP2239535A1 EP 2239535 A1 EP2239535 A1 EP 2239535A1 EP 10290186 A EP10290186 A EP 10290186A EP 10290186 A EP10290186 A EP 10290186A EP 2239535 A1 EP2239535 A1 EP 2239535A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firing
rod
hammer
ammunition
tip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10290186A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2239535B1 (de
Inventor
Renaud Lafont
Pierre Magnan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexter Munitions SA
Original Assignee
Nexter Munitions SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexter Munitions SA filed Critical Nexter Munitions SA
Publication of EP2239535A1 publication Critical patent/EP2239535A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2239535B1 publication Critical patent/EP2239535B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of ammunition firing devices using a mechanical striker impelling a pyrotechnic composition.
  • the firing devices comprise a firing pin which is projected by inertia on the pyrotechnic composition after the lifting of a certain number of safety barriers.
  • This striker is also often projected by a spring, so as to ensure a self-destruct function (when for example there is no impact on a target).
  • the patent FR-2689972 thus describes a firing device for a projectile medium caliber (caliber between 20 mm and 50 mm).
  • This device comprises a striker which can be pushed to a primer by a spring.
  • the primer is secured to an arming rotor that keeps it away from the striker before firing.
  • the self-destruct spring is maintained in the bandaged state during all the storage and transport phases. Even if this spring compresses slightly more during the firing to allow more often the withdrawal of the locks of the gate rotor, sufficient energy for self destruction requires storage of the spring in the bandaged state.
  • the purpose of the invention is to simplify such a device by proposing an architecture in which the percussive primer is always aligned with the striker, but the shocks undergone during the storage and transport phases can not, however, provoke percussion of the primer.
  • the device according to the invention With the device according to the invention, only the constraints related to shooting can make the device bootable.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to completely secure the percussion function during the storage and transport phases.
  • the invention also allows the implementation of a self-destruction mechanism in which the spring means do not have to be compressed during assembly.
  • This device therefore comprises a firing pin which is permanently aligned with the primer but which is locked by security means which are erased during firing.
  • These safety means comprise two flyweights inertia, the first flyweight releasing the balls locking the striker.
  • This device is of complex structure. It is indeed necessary that the two weights slide in a well-defined order so that the firing pin is released. Indeed the balls are pushed by one of the weights against the second weight. It is therefore necessary for the latter to deviate rapidly during firing to avoid jamming the balls.
  • the second weight remains locked (at least temporarily) to allow the ejection of the striker locking balls.
  • This locking is provided by other balls housed in a groove of the second weight, groove whose bottom is tapered. These locking balls therefore deviate during firing by their axial inertia to engage against a ramp of the firing pin.
  • the energy available to the impact on a target is proportional to the mass of the firing pin and the distance traveled by the latter to initiate the primer.
  • This energy E is equal to myD, where m is the mass of the striker, D is the distance traveled by the striker, and y is the deceleration experienced at impact on a target.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a device of simple design in which only the constraints linked to the firing can make the device startable, and in which the percussion function of the energy supply function for the percussion is completely dissociated.
  • the invention is more particularly applicable in the field of rockets and firing devices comprising micro-machined or micro-engraved elements (MEMS technology such as Micro Electro Mechanical System).
  • MEMS technology such as Micro Electro Mechanical System
  • the device according to the invention is easily transposable to the realization of a device of very small dimensions and in particular a device made according to MEMS technologies.
  • the invention therefore relates to an ammunition firing device, comprising a firing pin intended to impact a pyrotechnic composition to control the initiation of the latter, characterized in that the firing pin comprises a sliding rod during firing.
  • the ammunition by the effect of the firing acceleration from a rest position to an extended position, and lockable in the deployed position, rod secured to a percussion tip occupying a fixed position in contact with the pyrotechnic composition, the rod being completely inside the tip in the rest position and being projecting relative to the tip in the deployed position, the device further comprising a hammer capable of striking the rod during the impact of the ammunition on a target for initiating the composition.
  • the sliding rod can be locked in the deployed position by at least one centrifugal latch.
  • the sliding rod is advantageously connected to the tip by a tension spring.
  • the percussion tip may be secured to a partition which will delimit a cavity receiving the pyrotechnic composition, embrittlement means being provided to separate the tip of the partition during the impact of the hammer.
  • the hammer can be projected against the extensible rod by a spring means.
  • the hammer can thus be in the rest position before firing in the vicinity of the undeployed rod, the spring means being in the uncompressed state and the firing acceleration will cause the movement of the hammer and the compression of the spring means.
  • the hammer may be kept away from the firing pin by holding means comprising at least one centrifugal flyweight cooperating with a fixed ramp.
  • the entire device may be made in the form of micromachined planar elements or micro etched on a wafer.
  • the device may include a riser for setting up the pyrotechnic composition above the tip.
  • the figure 1 schematically shows in section a body 2 of a munition 1 which contains an explosive charge 3. This explosive is initiated by a firing device 4 and a safety and arming device 5 is interposed between the firing device and the explosive charge 3.
  • the safety and arming device 5 is shown here very schematically. It essentially comprises a screen 6 which makes it possible to interrupt the transmission channel 9 between a pyrotechnic composition 8 (integral with the firing device 4) and the explosive charge 3.
  • the screen 6 is movable in translation by the action of motor means which are represented here schematically by a spring 7.
  • locking means (not shown) will release the flap 6 as a result of the detection of different events associated with ammunition firing (eg inertial locks).
  • the safety and arming device 5, the firing device 4 and the body 2 of the ammunition are connected to each other by means not shown, for example by threaded rings.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2c show a first embodiment of a firing device 4 according to the invention.
  • This device comprises a pyrotechnic composition 8 sensitive to percussion which is disposed in a cup 10 positioned in a cavity 31 of a front portion 11a of a body of the device 4.
  • a percussion tip 12 is positioned in the bucket 10 and in contact with the pyrotechnic composition 8. This point is secured to a partition 13 which is interposed between the rear portion 11b and 11a before the body of the device.
  • the partition 13 also makes it possible to close the cavity 31 and the bucket 10 enclosing the composition 8.
  • the front portions 11a and 11b of the rear body are connected to each other by means not shown, for example by a threaded ring.
  • a washer 23 is interposed between these two parts.
  • the tip 12 is secured to the partition 13 by a shearable connection means 14, for example a thread.
  • the tip 12 has an internal housing inside which is slidably mounted a rod 15.
  • the rod 15 can slide between a folded position ( figure 2a ) and an extended position ( figure 2b ) by the effect of the acceleration force F related to the firing of the ammunition.
  • the rod 15 is lockable in the extended position by two centrifugal latches 16. These latches are cylindrical parts held in their folded position ( figure 2a ) by the internal cylindrical surface of the bore of the tip 12. They slide by the effect of the rotational acceleration developed during firing.
  • the figure 2d shows more precisely a latch 16 in the deployed position. It is seen that this lock is secured to the rod 15 by a tension spring 17.
  • Two resilient tongues 18 are held folded in housings 19 when the latch 16 is in the folded position. These tabs 18 unfold when the latch 16 is deployed and they maintain the latch in its extended position.
  • the spring 17 has the effect of maintaining the latch 16 in abutment against the tabs 18 and prevents inadvertent vibration or unlocking when the acceleration of rotation decreases.
  • a traction spring 20 is interposed between the point 12 and the rod 15. This spring ensures the maintenance of the rod in its deployed position ( figure 2b ) resting against the rear edge of the point 12. and also any movement of the rod 15 after deployment, even if the level of axial acceleration decreases.
  • the tip 12 and the rod 15 constitute a telescopic striker which is intended to initiate the pyrotechnic composition 8.
  • the device 4 further comprises a hammer 21 which is capable of striking the rod 15 during the impact of the munition on a target to cause the initiation of the composition 8.
  • the hammer 21 is constituted by a flyweight which is secured to the rear portion 11b of the body by a shearable ring 22.
  • the operation of the device is as follows.
  • the front (AV) and the rear (AR) of the ammunition have been marked by the letters AV and AR, respectively.
  • the device 4 is in the storage security state in the position shown in FIG. figure 2a . Note that in this position of the device, the rod 15 is completely inside the tip 12. No part of the tip 12 is also projecting relative to the partition 13 to the hammer 21.
  • the device 4 ( figure 2b ) is subjected to axial acceleration forces F as well as a rotation ⁇ which generates a centrifugal force of inertia.
  • the rod 15 then slides and is locked in the deployed position ( figure 2b ) in centrifugal locks 16. In this armed configuration, the rod 15 is projecting relative to the partition 13 and the striker 12-15 is deployed.
  • the hammer 21 then violently impacts the rod 15 which pushes the tip 12 against the pyrotechnic composition 8 by shearing the threading 14.
  • the pyrotechnic composition 8 is initiated by the shock and the explosive charge 3 is detonated.
  • the percussion function (which is ensured by the percussion tip 12, directly in contact with the pyrotechnic composition 8 and comprising a sliding rod 15) is completely dissociated from the energy supply function. for this percussion (which is ensured by the weight 21), flyweight which is then completely distinct from the tip 12 and its rod 5.
  • the masses of the tip 12 and its rod 5 then have no importance and can be greatly reduced.
  • the percussion energy will be given by the weight 21 which may have any shape and be particularly adapted to the housing available in the ammunition.
  • the percussion energy being proportional to the mass of the weight 21 and the distance traveled by the latter to impact the rod 5, we see that if the mass of the weight is large enough, it becomes possible to reduce the distance to be traveled by the latter quite
  • the percussion device according to the invention can therefore be very compact (it is thus possible to easily reduce by one third the axial size of the device).
  • the hammer 21 comprises radial bores 24 in which are positioned balls 25.
  • the hammer 21 is guided in its housing 26 by a front seat 21a. Guiding is completed by the sliding of a rear extension 21b of smaller diameter in a hole 27 of the rear portion 11b of the body of the device.
  • a compression spring 28 is mounted around the rear extension 21b. This spring is interposed between the bottom of the housing 26 and the hammer 21.
  • the rear portion of the housing 26 has a conical profile 26a whose conicity is oriented with the apex of the cone towards the front AV of the munition.
  • the axial acceleration F of the projectile during firing causes the recoil of the hammer 21 and the compression of the spring 28.
  • the balls 25 are spaced radially by the action of the centrifugal force of inertia. These balls then cooperate with the conical profile 26a which ensures a locking of the hammer 21 in the armed position shown in FIG. figure 3b .
  • the axial acceleration F decreases after the exit of the projectile from the tube of the weapon while the rotation is maintained.
  • the balls 25 applied on the conical profile 26a provide a locking hammer 21 in the armed position with the spring 28 compressed.
  • Such an embodiment makes it possible to ensure a self-destruction function of the munition. Indeed during the impact on a target the shock is sufficient to cause the projection of the hammer 21 on the rod 15 ( figure 3c ). When the ammunition does not impact a target but is stopped (fall on the ground for example), stopping the rotation puts an end to the centrifugal force which applied the balls 25 to the profile 26a. The spring 28 then relaxes by projecting the hammer 21 on the rod 15 which ensures the initiation of the composition 8.
  • centrifugal latches of a different structure from that of the balls 25.
  • the invention may advantageously be implemented to produce a miniaturized firing device in the form of micro-machined or micro-plane planar elements on a substrate.
  • the Figures 4a, 4b and 5 show such an embodiment in which the body is made in the form of a micro-machined or micro-etched plate 30 disposed on a substrate 29.
  • MEMS technology makes it possible to produce mobile mechanical elements having very large dimensions. reduced.
  • the substrate 29 shown here has a rectangular shape having dimensions of the order of 8 mm for the length and 4 mm for the width.
  • the machining carried out on the wafer 30 made it possible to produce a rectangular cavity 31 intended to receive the pyrotechnic composition (not shown).
  • the cavity 31 is delimited on one side by the partition 13 which is made in one piece with the wafer 30 and the tip 12.
  • the partition 13 will have a sufficiently small thickness for the bulkhead connection 13 / tip 12 can break at the impact by the hammer 21. It will be possible to develop during the etching of the rupture primers between the tip 12 and the partition 13.
  • the hammer 21 is also obtained by etching. It carries two centrifugal weights 32 which are connected to the hammer 21 by flexible lamellae 33. The hammer is guided in its housing by its front reach 21a and its rear reach 21b which is in the form of a sliding tongue in the hole 27.
  • Each weight 32 comprises a semicircular profile which is intended to cooperate with a ramp 34 integral with the plate 30.
  • the ramps 34 are oriented to be geometrically intersecting towards the front AV of the munition.
  • the springs 28 will be compressed by the axial acceleration forces (the axis 35 represents the firing direction of the ammunition and the letters AV and AR symbolize the front and the rear respectively. rear of the ammunition.
  • the figure 5 shows this set more precisely.
  • the rod 15 carries two centrifugal latches 16 which are connected to it by engraved springs 17.
  • the etching technology makes it possible to produce the springs 17 integral with the rod 15 as well as the bolts 16, their flanges 36a cooperating with the abutments 36b and locking tabs 18 (locking means similar to that described with reference to FIG. figure 2d ).
  • the springs 17 are obtained in the state of rest. They are stretched during the deployment of the latches 16 by the action of centrifugal forces.
  • the spring 20 is secured to the rod 15 and the tip 12. This spring is in the state of rest. It is stretched during firing by the action of axial acceleration efforts.
  • composition is placed in the form of, for example, a drop of pyrotechnic composition containing a primary explosive associated with a polymerizable binder and it covers the tip 12.
  • a method of setting up such a composition is described for example by the patent EP1101076 .
  • a flap 39 ensures the closure of the riser 37.
  • Another flap 40 closes an orifice 41 connecting the composition 8 to the pyrotechnic chain of the munition (not shown).
  • the firing acceleration causes both the recoil of the hammer 21 and the exit of the rod 15 from its housing in the tip 12. These movements have the effect of compressing the springs 28 and stretching the spring 20.
  • the force Centrifugal also has the effect of removing the locks 16 of their housing which blocks the rod 15 in the deployed position.
  • This centrifugal force also removes the weights 32 which apply to the ramps 34 which ensures the maintenance of the hammer 21 in the armed position against the action of the springs 28.
  • the hammer 21 At impact on a target the hammer 21 will be projected against the rod 15 which will push the tip 12 on the pyrotechnic composition. In case of stopping of the rotation it is the springs 28 which will push the hammer 21 thus causing the self-destruction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
EP10290186A 2009-04-10 2010-04-07 Schlagzündvorrichtung für eine Munition Active EP2239535B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0901797A FR2944348A1 (fr) 2009-04-10 2009-04-10 Dispositif de mise a feu de munition par percussion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2239535A1 true EP2239535A1 (de) 2010-10-13
EP2239535B1 EP2239535B1 (de) 2012-01-18

Family

ID=41268166

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10290186A Active EP2239535B1 (de) 2009-04-10 2010-04-07 Schlagzündvorrichtung für eine Munition

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8104405B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2239535B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE542103T1 (de)
FR (1) FR2944348A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2482029A1 (de) * 2011-01-31 2012-08-01 NEXTER Munitions Vorrichtung zur Verzögerung einer Bewegung eines mikro-bearbeiteten Ausgleichsgewichts, und Sicherheits- und Zündvorrichtung, die eine solche Verzögerungsvorrichtung umfasst

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2478822B (en) * 2010-03-16 2012-10-31 Qinetiq Ltd MEMS detonator
FR2959303B1 (fr) * 2010-04-27 2012-04-06 Nexter Munitions Dispositif d'amorcage a initiation electrique pour projectile
US20110297029A1 (en) * 2010-06-06 2011-12-08 Omnitek Partners Llc Inertial igniters with safety pin for initiation with low setback acceleration
US20120037028A1 (en) * 2010-08-13 2012-02-16 Day & Zimmermann, Inc. Stationary self-destruct fuze mechanism
KR101666216B1 (ko) 2016-01-27 2016-10-24 주식회사 풍산에프앤에스 탄착 시의 관성력 변화로 격침이 작동되는 신관
US10837747B2 (en) * 2018-02-15 2020-11-17 Goodrich Corporation High explosive firing mechanism
US11506474B1 (en) 2021-06-03 2022-11-22 Aura Technologies, Llc Spin-stabilized fuze assembly

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1300100A (fr) 1960-10-29 1962-07-27 Energa Fusée de culot
US3390637A (en) * 1967-05-04 1968-07-02 Army Usa Inertia armed fuze
FR2689972A1 (fr) 1992-04-14 1993-10-15 Manurhin Defense Dispositif de sécurité et d'armement pour fusée de projectile comportant un moyen anti-vibratoire.
EP1101076A1 (de) 1998-07-31 2001-05-23 Giat Industries Herstellungsverfahren für einen pyrotechnischen satz und ein mittels dieses verfahren hergestellter, pyrotechnischer zünder
US6321654B1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2001-11-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) -type devices having latch release and output mechanisms
EP1780496A1 (de) 2005-10-27 2007-05-02 NEXTER Munitions Pyrotechnische Sicherheitsvorrichtung mit mikrobearbeitetem Schild.
EP1780495A1 (de) 2005-10-27 2007-05-02 NEXTER Munitions Kompakte pyrotechnische Sicherheitsvorrichtung.

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH366218A (fr) * 1960-10-29 1962-12-15 Energa Fusée de culot pour projectile
US3958511A (en) * 1974-06-11 1976-05-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Setback lock apparatus
US4782757A (en) * 1987-09-11 1988-11-08 Carter Research And Development Technological Systems Incorporated Fuse assembly for military projectile
US5003881A (en) * 1990-08-07 1991-04-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Aerial flare and igniter

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1300100A (fr) 1960-10-29 1962-07-27 Energa Fusée de culot
US3390637A (en) * 1967-05-04 1968-07-02 Army Usa Inertia armed fuze
FR2689972A1 (fr) 1992-04-14 1993-10-15 Manurhin Defense Dispositif de sécurité et d'armement pour fusée de projectile comportant un moyen anti-vibratoire.
EP1101076A1 (de) 1998-07-31 2001-05-23 Giat Industries Herstellungsverfahren für einen pyrotechnischen satz und ein mittels dieses verfahren hergestellter, pyrotechnischer zünder
US6321654B1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2001-11-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) -type devices having latch release and output mechanisms
EP1780496A1 (de) 2005-10-27 2007-05-02 NEXTER Munitions Pyrotechnische Sicherheitsvorrichtung mit mikrobearbeitetem Schild.
EP1780495A1 (de) 2005-10-27 2007-05-02 NEXTER Munitions Kompakte pyrotechnische Sicherheitsvorrichtung.

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2482029A1 (de) * 2011-01-31 2012-08-01 NEXTER Munitions Vorrichtung zur Verzögerung einer Bewegung eines mikro-bearbeiteten Ausgleichsgewichts, und Sicherheits- und Zündvorrichtung, die eine solche Verzögerungsvorrichtung umfasst
FR2971049A1 (fr) * 2011-01-31 2012-08-03 Nexter Munitions Dispositif de temporisation d'un mouvement d'une masselotte micro-usinee et dispositif de securite et d'armement comprenant un tel dispositif de temporisation
US8714090B2 (en) 2011-01-31 2014-05-06 Nexter Munitions Time control device for the movement of a micro-machined and safety and arming device comprising such a time control device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2239535B1 (de) 2012-01-18
US8104405B2 (en) 2012-01-31
ATE542103T1 (de) 2012-02-15
US20100258021A1 (en) 2010-10-14
FR2944348A1 (fr) 2010-10-15

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