EP2237644A1 - Unité de surveillance pour DEL haute puissance et dispositif de signalisation - Google Patents

Unité de surveillance pour DEL haute puissance et dispositif de signalisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2237644A1
EP2237644A1 EP09157074A EP09157074A EP2237644A1 EP 2237644 A1 EP2237644 A1 EP 2237644A1 EP 09157074 A EP09157074 A EP 09157074A EP 09157074 A EP09157074 A EP 09157074A EP 2237644 A1 EP2237644 A1 EP 2237644A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
led
coupler
led2
led1
monitoring unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09157074A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2237644B1 (fr
Inventor
Heinz Telefont
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales Security Solutions and Services GmbH
Original Assignee
Thales Security Solutions and Services GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thales Security Solutions and Services GmbH filed Critical Thales Security Solutions and Services GmbH
Priority to AT09157074T priority Critical patent/ATE512566T1/de
Priority to EP09157074A priority patent/EP2237644B1/fr
Publication of EP2237644A1 publication Critical patent/EP2237644A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2237644B1 publication Critical patent/EP2237644B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • H05B47/23—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection of two or more light sources connected in series
    • H05B47/235—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection of two or more light sources connected in series with communication between the lamps and a central unit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a monitoring unit for monitoring a light-emitting diode (LED), in particular a high-power LED, driven by a preferably constant electric current, and to a signalling device comprising at least one such monitoring unit.
  • LED light-emitting diode
  • conventional signalling lamps e.g. 12 VAC, 35 W
  • high-power light emitting diodes e.g. 4 V, 350 mA
  • a major advantage of using LEDs instead of conventional signalling lamps is their superior durability which entails an increased cost-effectiveness of their operation.
  • EP 1 777 533 A1 discloses a monitoring device for an array of LEDs, the LEDs being connected in series and driven by a constant electric current.
  • the monitoring device comprises a bypass means operable to bypass the respective LED in case of a disconnection of the respective LED, and an evaluation unit connected in parallel to the array of LEDs.
  • the evaluation unit is adapted to determine a total voltage of the array and to output a control signal indicative of a function status of the LED array in accordance with a value of the total voltage relative to a predetermined threshold value.
  • EP 1 916 879 A1 discloses a secure opto-electronic failure detection of high power LEDs using an electronic circuit having a LED unit with a plurality of LEDs and a photo detection sub-circuit including at least one photo detection unit for providing an output voltage in dependence of the illumination of the at least one photo detection unit by the LEDs of the LED unit.
  • a monitoring unit as described in the introduction, comprising: a coupler, in particular an optical coupler, for coupling the monitoring unit to a messaging line, an input circuit of the coupler being arranged in parallel to the LED, and a bypass unit adapted to bypass the input circuit of the coupler in case of a disconnection of the LED for switching off a switch, in particular an optical switch, in the output circuit of the coupler. Due to the current-regulating trigger circuit (voltage converter) which is feeding the LED with a constant current, the disconnection of the LED increases the voltage across the bypass unit.
  • a coupler in particular an optical coupler
  • the increase of the voltage drop causes the bypass unit to bridge the input circuit of the coupler (comprising an internal LED for potential-free coupling of the input circuit to a photo-diode in the output circuit in case that the coupler is an optical coupler, also known as opto-coupler or optical isolator).
  • the bridging of the input circuit sets the (optical) switch in the output circuit of the coupler to an open state, causing a break in the messaging line which may be detected in a detection unit which is provided for this purpose.
  • opto-couplers instead of opto-couplers, other types of couplers allowing potential-free coupling, such as insulation amplifiers, mechanical relays, etc. may be used.
  • using an opto-coupler is in general preferred over couplers with higher current consumption, such as mechanical relays.
  • the monitoring unit further comprises a resistance arranged in series to the input circuit of the coupler for generating a current through the input circuit which switches off the switch in the output circuit in case of a short-circuit of the (high-power) LED.
  • the latter provides the input circuit of the coupler with a current which is sufficient for keeping the switch in the output circuit in the active (closed) state.
  • the current through the input circuit is no longer sufficient to keep the switch in the active state, such that the short-circuit of the LED may be detected by a disconnection / break of the messaging line.
  • the monitoring current through the series connection of resistance and input circuit should be less than 20 %, preferably less than 10 % of the lowest current flowing through the LED.
  • the monitoring current is typically in the order of 2 mA.
  • both a disconnection and a short-circuit of the monitored LED may be observed at the output circuit of the coupler by a change of the switch comprised therein from the active to a passive state, leading to a disconnection of the messaging line. Consequently, both types of failure cause the same result in the output circuit and may be detected using one and the same messaging line.
  • the bypass unit comprises a voltage divider and an electronic switch, both being arranged in parallel to the LED, the voltage divider being adapted to produce a control voltage which closes the electronic switch in case that the LED is disconnected.
  • the disconnection of the LED leads to an increased voltage drop across the voltage divider, the control voltage which is tapped e.g. between two resistances of the voltage divider now being sufficient to switch the electronic switch on, thus bypassing the input circuit of the coupler.
  • the electronic switch is implemented as a (bi-polar) transistor.
  • a further aspect of the invention relates to a signaling device, comprising: at least one LED, in particular a high-power LED, and at least one monitoring unit as described above, the monitoring unit being arranged in parallel to the LED.
  • the monitoring unit allows for an easy detection of faults of the LED using a potential-free coupling to a messaging line.
  • the signaling device comprises at least two LEDs arranged in series, each LED being arranged in parallel to a respective monitoring unit.
  • the messaging line is preferably connected to the output circuits of the respective monitoring units in a series connection, such that a malfunction of any one of the LEDs can be detected as a break in the messaging line.
  • the signaling unit further comprises a constant current source for driving the at least one LED with a constant current.
  • Current control of the LED is typically required for safe detection of a disconnection of the LED, as an increase of the voltage drop across the LED is required for this purpose.
  • a constant current source may only be approximated. However, it is sufficient when the current source is sufficiently stable to cause an increase of the voltage drop across the LED which activates the bypass unit when a disconnection of the LED occurs.
  • the signaling device is implemented as a railway signaling lamp.
  • Railway signaling lamps are safety-critical components and their failure may have serious consequences.
  • the signaling device described above may also be of advantage in various applications not related to railway systems.
  • Fig. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a signaling device 1 for railway signaling having a high-power light-emitting diode, being referred to as LED in the following.
  • the LED may be part of railway signal lamp, forming a safety-critical system.
  • a monitoring unit 2 is arranged in parallel to the LED, the monitoring unit 2 having an electro-optical coupler 3 and a bypass unit 4.
  • the opto-coupler 3 comprises an input circuit 3a and an output circuit 3b, the input circuit 3a being arranged in parallel to the monitored LED, the output circuit 3b being part of a messaging line 5.
  • the input circuit 3a comprises a further (integrated) LED 6 which emits light which is received by a photodetector being part of an optical switch 7 (including a photodiode) arranged in the output circuit 3b.
  • the opto-coupler 3 provides for a potential-free coupling of the input circuit 3a to the output circuit 3b by electrically insulating the input circuit 3a from the output circuit 3b. It will be understood that instead of the optical coupler 3, other types of couplers allowing for potential-free coupling may be used, for instance mechanical relays or insulation amplifiers.
  • a current I flows through the LED, causing a voltage drop across the LED which entails a current flow through a resistance R1 which is arranged in series to the input circuit 3a of the coupler 3.
  • the current thus produced is sufficient to make the further LED 6 produce an amount of light which sets the optical switch 7 in the output circuit 3b of the coupler 3 to an active (closed) state.
  • the optical switch 7 connects the two parts of the messaging line 4 and no failure is detected.
  • the voltage drop across the LED decreases, causing a reduction of the current through the input circuit 3a of the coupler 3.
  • the value of the resistance R1 is chosen such that the current through the input circuit 3a, resp., the further LED 6, falls below a threshold value which causes the optical switch 7 in the output circuit 3b to switch from its active (closed) state to a passive (open) state, causing a break in the messaging line 5 which may be observed in a detection unit (not shown) adapted for this purpose.
  • the bypass unit 4 For detecting a disconnection of the LED, the bypass unit 4 is used.
  • the bypass unit 4 comprises an electrical switch 8 in the form of a bi-polar transistor and a voltage divider 9 comprising a second and third resistance R2, R3.
  • the voltage in-between the resistances R2, R3 of the voltage divider 9 is tapped and provided as a control voltage to the electrical switch 8.
  • the control voltage is below a threshold value for switching the electronic switch 8 to its active state. Only when the monitored LED is disconnected, the voltage drop across the monitored LED increases due to the regulated current I which is used for driving the LED, such that the control voltage exceeds the threshold value of the control voltage, thus setting the electronic switch 8 to its active (closed) state.
  • the electronic switch 8 then bridges (short-circuits) the input circuit 3a of the coupler 3, causing the optical switch 7 in the output circuit 3b of the optical coupler 3 to toggle from its active (closed) state to an open state, thus causing a break of the messaging line 5.
  • both a disconnection of the monitored LED as well as a short-circuit of the monitored LED may be detected as a change from the active to the passive state of the optical switch 7 in the output circuit 3b of the coupler 3, resp., as a disconnection of the messaging line 5.
  • only one messaging line 5 can be used for detecting both types of failure.
  • Fig. 2 shows a signalling unit 1' which differs from the one shown in Fig. 1 only in that two high-power light-emitting diodes LED1, LED2 are provided, the two of them being arranged in series.
  • a respective monitoring unit 2a, 2b is provided which allows detection of failures of the respective monitored LED (LED1, LED2) at a common messaging line 5 in the way described above.
  • the messaging line 5 connects the output circuits 3b, 3b' of the respective monitoring units 2a, 2b in a series connection, such that a failure (either disconnection or short-circuit) of any of the high-power LEDs may be detected at the single messaging line 5.
  • the simulation circuit 10 comprises the elements shown in Fig. 1 , referred to in the following with the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 .
  • the simulation circuit 10 further comprises a disconnecting unit 11 and a short-circuiting unit 12 arranged in series resp. in parallel to the high-power LED.
  • the disconnecting unit comprises an electrical switch (relay) 13a, the input of which is connected to an input line 14a having a voltage supply 15a.
  • the short-circuiting unit 12 comprises an electrical switch 13b, being connected to an input line 14b which also includes a voltage supply 15b.
  • the voltage supply 15a of the disconnecting unit 11 is arranged in series to an input circuit of the electrical switch 15a, whereas the voltage supply 15b of the short-circuiting unit 12 is arranged in parallel to the input circuit of the electrical switch 13b.
  • the simulation circuit also comprises a constant current source 16 with a further voltage supply 17 and a further resistance R4.
  • Fig. 4 showing current and voltage values at four different points of the simulation circuit 10, namely a voltage value "A” at the voltage supply 15a of the disconnecting unit 11, a voltage value “B” at the voltage supply 15b of the short-circuiting unit 12, the current "I” at the output of the current source 16, and a voltage value "C” measured at the messaging line 5 at the output of the optical coupler 3, the messaging line 5 comprising a further resistance R5 being arranged between the output of the optical coupler 3 and ground.
  • the high-power LED is in normal operation, i.e. neither disconnected nor short-circuited.
  • the current I through the high-power LED is sufficient to cause a voltage drop across the monitored LED which generates a current through the LED 6 of the input circuit 3a of the coupler 3 which is sufficient to close the optical switch 7 in the output circuit 3b of the coupler 3, not generating a break in the messaging line 5.
  • the voltage at point "A” raises to 1 V, thus closing the relay 13a of the disconnecting unit 11 for disconnecting the high-power LED.
  • the disconnection leads to a reduction of the (regulated) current I to 11,1 mA, increasing the voltage drop across the voltage divider R2, R3, thus closing the electrical switch 8 which leads to a bypassing of the input circuit 3a of the coupler 3. Consequently, the LED 6 in the input circuit 3 of the coupler 3 does not generate a sufficient amount of light for keeping the optical switch 7 in the output circuit 3b in a closed state, the latter causing a break in the messaging line 5 and disconnecting the resistance R5, leading to a voltage drop at point "C" of about 0 V.
  • the arrangements described above allow for an easy detection of both disconnections and short-circuits of one or a plurality of (high-power) LEDs using a single potential-free messaging line.
  • the monitoring units described above can be designed with only a few components, thus providing a low-cost solution for the monitoring of the high-power LEDs of the signaling devices as described herein.

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EP09157074A 2009-04-01 2009-04-01 Unité de surveillance pour DEL haute puissance et dispositif de signalisation Active EP2237644B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT09157074T ATE512566T1 (de) 2009-04-01 2009-04-01 Überwachungseinheit für eine hochleistungs-led und signalisierungsvorrichtung
EP09157074A EP2237644B1 (fr) 2009-04-01 2009-04-01 Unité de surveillance pour DEL haute puissance et dispositif de signalisation

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09157074A EP2237644B1 (fr) 2009-04-01 2009-04-01 Unité de surveillance pour DEL haute puissance et dispositif de signalisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2237644A1 true EP2237644A1 (fr) 2010-10-06
EP2237644B1 EP2237644B1 (fr) 2011-06-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09157074A Active EP2237644B1 (fr) 2009-04-01 2009-04-01 Unité de surveillance pour DEL haute puissance et dispositif de signalisation

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2237644B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE512566T1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019079772A (ja) * 2017-10-27 2019-05-23 シーシーエス株式会社 ショート判定装置、及び、光照射装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050140345A1 (en) 2003-10-23 2005-06-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Redundancy circuit for series-connected diodes
EP1777533A1 (fr) 2005-10-21 2007-04-25 ALCATEL Transport Solution Deutschland GmbH Dispositif de surveillance pour une matrice d'unités électriques
EP1916879A1 (fr) 2006-10-23 2008-04-30 Alcatel Lucent Détection de défaillance secure pour des LED à puissance elevé
DE102007024784A1 (de) 2007-05-26 2008-11-27 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer und Kraftfahrzeugleuchten

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050140345A1 (en) 2003-10-23 2005-06-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Redundancy circuit for series-connected diodes
EP1777533A1 (fr) 2005-10-21 2007-04-25 ALCATEL Transport Solution Deutschland GmbH Dispositif de surveillance pour une matrice d'unités électriques
EP1916879A1 (fr) 2006-10-23 2008-04-30 Alcatel Lucent Détection de défaillance secure pour des LED à puissance elevé
DE102007024784A1 (de) 2007-05-26 2008-11-27 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfer und Kraftfahrzeugleuchten

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2019079772A (ja) * 2017-10-27 2019-05-23 シーシーエス株式会社 ショート判定装置、及び、光照射装置
JP7011446B2 (ja) 2017-10-27 2022-01-26 シーシーエス株式会社 ショート判定装置、及び、光照射装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE512566T1 (de) 2011-06-15
EP2237644B1 (fr) 2011-06-08

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