EP2235371A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben eines verdichters - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben eines verdichtersInfo
- Publication number
- EP2235371A1 EP2235371A1 EP08862803A EP08862803A EP2235371A1 EP 2235371 A1 EP2235371 A1 EP 2235371A1 EP 08862803 A EP08862803 A EP 08862803A EP 08862803 A EP08862803 A EP 08862803A EP 2235371 A1 EP2235371 A1 EP 2235371A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- condensation
- risk
- measured
- decided
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
- F04B39/0207—Lubrication with lubrication control systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating a compressor, in particular a compressor with controllable stroke such as a linear compressor. If a compressor is operated to compress a condensable medium such as a refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit of a refrigerator, under unfavorable conditions, the medium in the compressor may condense. This leads to a significant reduction in the throughput of the compressor and thus to poor functioning of the refrigerator, in which the compressor is installed.
- the object of the invention is to provide an operating method for a compressor, with the efficiency losses due to condensation can be avoided with minimal equipment cost.
- the object is achieved by a method comprising the steps of: a) deciding whether the risk of condensation of the compressed medium in the
- Compressor exists, and b) if there is a risk of condensation, heating of the compressor.
- the heating of the compressor can conveniently be done by the compressor is set to a smaller stroke than the failure of the condensation risk. This has the consequence that hardly any medium is conveyed, i. the efficiency of the compressor drops.
- this undesirable effect here results in that work which is performed on the medium in the compressor by repeated compression in rapid succession, essentially leads to the heating of the medium, which in turn, since it does not leave the compressor, its heat to the latter transfers.
- the stroke is set at the risk of condensation so that the self-adjusting throughput of the linear compressor is at most half as large, preferably at most a quarter as large as if the condensation risk does not exist.
- the decision on the existence of condensation hazard can be made on the basis of various different criteria. The criteria can be used individually or in combination with each other.
- a temperature may be measured at the compressor or in its environment, and the decision on the existence of the risk of condensation is made on the basis of the measured temperature. The lower this temperature is, the greater the tendency of the medium to condense in the compressor.
- the temperature may be measured in or around the refrigeration appliance, such as a storage room, a refrigerant line or the compressor itself.
- the rate of change of a temperature can also be taken into account when deciding on the risk of condensation.
- the directly taken into account temperature and the temperature, whose rate of change is taken into account can be measured in different places. For example, it may be decided that there is a risk of condensation if the rate of change of the measured temperature remains below a limit. If the rate of change of the temperature, which in this case is expediently measured in the refrigerating appliance, in a storage chamber, the refrigerant circuit or the compressor itself, is lower than expected with proper compressor operation, this is an indication that the throughput of the compressor due to condensation is greatly reduced.
- the duration of a switch-off phase of the compressor can be measured. This is particularly useful in connection with a temperature measurement, especially if this is not done directly on the compressor, since the duration of the switch-off allows a conclusion on how far the temperature of - after a switch-warm respectively - compressor equalized the measured temperature Has. Preferably, it is therefore decided that there is a risk of condensation if the duration of the switch-off phase exceeds a temperature-dependent limit value.
- the duration of the switch-on phase exceeds a second limit value. This will be the case in particular if, as a result of condensation, the throughput of the compressor is reduced and, accordingly, the cooling capacity of the refrigeration cycle is low.
- a compressor which generates little waste heat in particular, for example in a compressor with gas-operated piston, it may also be useful in the course of a switch-on of the compressor to heat the compressor at regular intervals in addition.
- Another possibility is to measure the pressure of the medium and make the decision on the existence of the condensation risk based on the measured pressure.
- the power consumption of the compressor can be used. This is directly related to the throughput of the compressor, that is, if this is low due to condensation, then the power consumption of the compressor is correspondingly low.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a linear compressor to which the method according to the invention is applicable.
- FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an operating method according to the invention.
- the linear compressor shown in Fig. 1 has a drive unit 1 with a in a gap 2 between two opposing electromagnets 3 vibrationally suspended permanent magnetic armature 4.
- the electromagnets 3 each have E-shaped yokes with a central arm of the yoke surrounding windings.
- the armature 4 is excited by an alternating current applied to the electromagnets 3 by a control circuit, not shown, to an oscillatory movement.
- the frequency of the AC current is tuned to the resonant frequency of the oscillatory system of piston 6, armature 4, and not shown, these supporting and linearly leading return springs.
- the amplitude of the oscillation movement is dependent on the electric power fed by the control circuit into the electromagnets 3.
- a piston 6 is coupled in a compression chamber 7 via a piston rod 5.
- the piston 6 is shown in an equilibrium position in which it is when the drive unit 1 is de-energized.
- a line I denotes the position of the front of the piston 6 in the equilibrium position. From the equilibrium position, the piston 6 is deflected in opposite directions.
- an inlet valve 9 and an outlet valve 10 Gaseous refrigerant from an evaporator, not shown, is sucked through an antechamber 11 and the inlet valve 9 in the compression chamber 7, wherein the piston 6 of the End wall 8 moves.
- the piston 6 moves back to the end wall 8
- the refrigerant sucked into the compression chamber 7 is compressed until its pressure is sufficient to open the outlet valve 10. This is approximately the case when the front of the piston 6 reaches the indicated in Fig. 1 with Il line.
- Another line III denotes the top dead center of the movement of the piston 6.
- the front of the piston 6 should not pass this line as possible, otherwise there is a risk that the piston 6 abuts against the end wall 8 and thereby damaged or the valves 9, 10 damaged.
- Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of an operating method carried out in the control circuit of the compressor. It starts with the switching on of the compressor in step S1.
- the control circuit can also perform the task of controlling the temperature of a refrigerated compartment; in this case, step S1 is executed when the temperature measured in the refrigerator compartment from a sensor connected to the control circuit exceeds a switch-on threshold.
- step S2 the control circuit checks whether a count index i has reached a predetermined threshold value n. If so, the count index is reset in step S3, and the process jumps directly to a step s12, which will be explained later in detail. If the threshold value n is not reached, the count index i is incremented in step S4. Steps S2 to S4 ensure that step S12 is started each time the compressor is switched on for the nth time.
- the steps S2 to S4 are optional; According to an alternative embodiment, the method of step S1 can proceed directly to step S5, in which a temperature is measured.
- the temperature measured in step S5 is preferably an ambient temperature of the refrigeration appliance, since sensors are provided for their measurement in some conventional refrigeration appliances, so that the inventive process can be carried out in such a refrigeration appliance with minimal adaptation effort. But it may also be a measured in the vicinity of the compression chamber 7 temperature, which allows a conclusion on the current temperature of the compression chamber 7.
- step S6 the control circuit compares the duration t Off of the shut-off phase of the compressor preceding the step s1 with a limiting time t
- step S7 the compressor is operated for a predetermined period of time with normal piston stroke, that is, the top dead center of the piston 6 is located on the line III, and the refrigerant sucked during a suction movement of the piston 6 is almost completely discharged from the compression chamber 7.
- the duration of the operating time period S7 may be predetermined in the form of a fixed number of piston strokes which are counted by the control circuit during step S7.
- step S8 the temperature T is measured again in step S8, and in step s9, the difference ⁇ T between this temperature and that obtained in the previous measurement and compared with a target difference ⁇ T mm is compared. If the temperature decrease .DELTA.T is not strong enough, this may be due to condensation of the refrigerant in the compression chamber 7; in this case, the process also branches to step S12. Is the temperature decrease in at proper functioning of the compressor expected frame, then the process proceeds to step S10.
- step S10 the time t on , which has elapsed since step S1, that is, the on period of the compressor, is compared with a maximum value t max .
- This maximum value t max can also be suitably specified as a function of the temperature T measured in step S5 or S8, since the time required to reach a refrigeration compartment temperature at which the compressor can be switched off again will be generally longer the higher the ambient temperature is. If the on time t on exceeds the maximum time t max , this too is considered to be an indication of condensation, and the method branches to step S12. Otherwise checked step S11 whether the compartment temperature has reached the Ausschaltschwellwert T from. If not, the process returns to step S7, otherwise the compressor is turned off and the process ends.
- step S12 the control circuit reduces the stroke of the piston movement, so that the top dead center in the line II or at most slightly closer than the line II to the end wall 8.
- the effect of this measure is that the throughput of the compressor is considerably smaller than under normal operating conditions, since only the portion of the piston movement beyond the line II results in the refrigerant being expelled from the compressor chamber 7.
- step S13 the compressor is operated for a predetermined time at the reduced stroke.
- the work done thereby on the refrigerant in the compression chamber 7 is predominantly converted into heat and heats the compressor chamber 7.
- the time span of step S13 is selected so that the heating is sufficient to, if in step S14 the normal piston stroke has been readjusted and the process returns to step S7, the condensation of the refrigerant is excluded.
- step S12 individual decision steps shown in FIG. 2 can be dispensed with as long as at least one decision step remains, as a result of which it is possible to branch to step S12.
- step S5 other measured variables can also be used in step S5, S8, such as, for example, a pressure of the refrigerant measured at a suitable point in the refrigerant circuit, or the electrical power received by the drive unit 1.
- the latter alternative has the advantage that the electrical power can be detected directly in the control circuit, without further sensors in the refrigerator are required.
- Another alternative is to directly measure the temperature of the compression chamber 7 instead of a temperature in the vicinity of the compressor. This allows a simplification of the method, as can be concluded from this temperature without consideration of compressor or run times t off , t on sure the tendency to condensation of the refrigerant.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007060827A DE102007060827A1 (de) | 2007-12-18 | 2007-12-18 | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Verdichters |
| PCT/EP2008/066425 WO2009077307A1 (de) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-11-28 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines verdichters |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2235371A1 true EP2235371A1 (de) | 2010-10-06 |
| EP2235371B1 EP2235371B1 (de) | 2011-08-17 |
Family
ID=40350126
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP08862803A Not-in-force EP2235371B1 (de) | 2007-12-18 | 2008-11-28 | Verfahren zum betreiben eines verdichters |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2235371B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE520880T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102007060827A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2369601T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009077307A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4755657A (en) * | 1986-12-16 | 1988-07-05 | American Standard Inc. | Method of heating an oil reservoir of a refrigeration compressor |
| DE10114230C2 (de) * | 2000-03-24 | 2002-11-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Detektion von Kondensationen |
| DE10255792C5 (de) * | 2002-11-28 | 2008-12-18 | Vacuubrand Gmbh + Co Kg | Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Vakuumpumpe sowie Vakuumpumpensystem |
| US6886354B2 (en) | 2003-04-04 | 2005-05-03 | Carrier Corporation | Compressor protection from liquid hazards |
| US8333569B2 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2012-12-18 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus for two-phase start-up operation |
| AT414037B (de) * | 2004-08-24 | 2006-08-15 | Vaillant Gmbh | Verfahren zur vermeidung der kondensation bei gebläseunterstützten brennstoffbetriebenen heizgeräten |
-
2007
- 2007-12-18 DE DE102007060827A patent/DE102007060827A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-11-28 AT AT08862803T patent/ATE520880T1/de active
- 2008-11-28 WO PCT/EP2008/066425 patent/WO2009077307A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2008-11-28 ES ES08862803T patent/ES2369601T3/es active Active
- 2008-11-28 EP EP08862803A patent/EP2235371B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009077307A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009077307A1 (de) | 2009-06-25 |
| EP2235371B1 (de) | 2011-08-17 |
| DE102007060827A1 (de) | 2009-06-25 |
| ES2369601T3 (es) | 2011-12-02 |
| ATE520880T1 (de) | 2011-09-15 |
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